tools/perf/util/machine.c

   1 #include "callchain.h"
   2 #include "debug.h"
   3 #include "event.h"
   4 #include "evsel.h"
   5 #include "hist.h"
   6 #include "machine.h"
   7 #include "map.h"
   8 #include "sort.h"
   9 #include "strlist.h"
  10 #include "thread.h"
  11 #include <stdbool.h>
  12 #include <symbol/kallsyms.h>
  13 #include "unwind.h"
  14
  15 int machine__init(struct machine *machine, const char *root_dir, pid_t pid)
  16 {
  17         map_groups__init(&machine->kmaps);
  18         RB_CLEAR_NODE(&machine->rb_node);
  19         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&machine->user_dsos);
  20         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&machine->kernel_dsos);
  21
  22         machine->threads = RB_ROOT;
  23         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&machine->dead_threads);
  24         machine->last_match = NULL;
  25
  26         machine->kmaps.machine = machine;
  27         machine->pid = pid;
  28
  29         machine->symbol_filter = NULL;
  30         machine->id_hdr_size = 0;
  31
  32         machine->root_dir = strdup(root_dir);
  33         if (machine->root_dir == NULL)
  34                 return -ENOMEM;
  35
  36         if (pid != HOST_KERNEL_ID) {
  37                 struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, 0,
  38                                                                 pid);
  39                 char comm[64];
  40
  41                 if (thread == NULL)
  42                         return -ENOMEM;
  43
  44                 snprintf(comm, sizeof(comm), "[guest/%d]", pid);
  45                 thread__set_comm(thread, comm, 0);
  46         }
  47
  48         return 0;
  49 }
  50
  51 struct machine *machine__new_host(void)
  52 {
  53         struct machine *machine = malloc(sizeof(*machine));
  54
  55         if (machine != NULL) {
  56                 machine__init(machine, "", HOST_KERNEL_ID);
  57
  58                 if (machine__create_kernel_maps(machine) < 0)
  59                         goto out_delete;
  60         }
  61
  62         return machine;
  63 out_delete:
  64         free(machine);
  65         return NULL;
  66 }
  67
  68 static void dsos__delete(struct list_head *dsos)
  69 {
  70         struct dso *pos, *n;
  71
  72         list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, n, dsos, node) {
  73                 list_del(&pos->node);
  74                 dso__delete(pos);
  75         }
  76 }
  77
  78 void machine__delete_dead_threads(struct machine *machine)
  79 {
  80         struct thread *n, *t;
  81
  82         list_for_each_entry_safe(t, n, &machine->dead_threads, node) {
  83                 list_del(&t->node);
  84                 thread__delete(t);
  85         }
  86 }
  87
  88 void machine__delete_threads(struct machine *machine)
  89 {
  90         struct rb_node *nd = rb_first(&machine->threads);
  91
  92         while (nd) {
  93                 struct thread *t = rb_entry(nd, struct thread, rb_node);
  94
  95                 rb_erase(&t->rb_node, &machine->threads);
  96                 nd = rb_next(nd);
  97                 thread__delete(t);
  98         }
  99 }
 100
 101 void machine__exit(struct machine *machine)
 102 {
 103         map_groups__exit(&machine->kmaps);
 104         dsos__delete(&machine->user_dsos);
 105         dsos__delete(&machine->kernel_dsos);
 106         zfree(&machine->root_dir);
 107 }
 108
 109 void machine__delete(struct machine *machine)
 110 {
 111         machine__exit(machine);
 112         free(machine);
 113 }
 114
 115 void machines__init(struct machines *machines)
 116 {
 117         machine__init(&machines->host, "", HOST_KERNEL_ID);
 118         machines->guests = RB_ROOT;
 119         machines->symbol_filter = NULL;
 120 }
 121
 122 void machines__exit(struct machines *machines)
 123 {
 124         machine__exit(&machines->host);
 125         /* XXX exit guest */
 126 }
 127
 128 struct machine *machines__add(struct machines *machines, pid_t pid,
 129                               const char *root_dir)
 130 {
 131         struct rb_node **p = &machines->guests.rb_node;
 132         struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
 133         struct machine *pos, *machine = malloc(sizeof(*machine));
 134
 135         if (machine == NULL)
 136                 return NULL;
 137
 138         if (machine__init(machine, root_dir, pid) != 0) {
 139                 free(machine);
 140                 return NULL;
 141         }
 142
 143         machine->symbol_filter = machines->symbol_filter;
 144
 145         while (*p != NULL) {
 146                 parent = *p;
 147                 pos = rb_entry(parent, struct machine, rb_node);
 148                 if (pid < pos->pid)
 149                         p = &(*p)->rb_left;
 150                 else
 151                         p = &(*p)->rb_right;
 152         }
 153
 154         rb_link_node(&machine->rb_node, parent, p);
 155         rb_insert_color(&machine->rb_node, &machines->guests);
 156
 157         return machine;
 158 }
 159
 160 void machines__set_symbol_filter(struct machines *machines,
 161                                  symbol_filter_t symbol_filter)
 162 {
 163         struct rb_node *nd;
 164
 165         machines->symbol_filter = symbol_filter;
 166         machines->host.symbol_filter = symbol_filter;
 167
 168         for (nd = rb_first(&machines->guests); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
 169                 struct machine *machine = rb_entry(nd, struct machine, rb_node);
 170
 171                 machine->symbol_filter = symbol_filter;
 172         }
 173 }
 174
 175 struct machine *machines__find(struct machines *machines, pid_t pid)
 176 {
 177         struct rb_node **p = &machines->guests.rb_node;
 178         struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
 179         struct machine *machine;
 180         struct machine *default_machine = NULL;
 181
 182         if (pid == HOST_KERNEL_ID)
 183                 return &machines->host;
 184
 185         while (*p != NULL) {
 186                 parent = *p;
 187                 machine = rb_entry(parent, struct machine, rb_node);
 188                 if (pid < machine->pid)
 189                         p = &(*p)->rb_left;
 190                 else if (pid > machine->pid)
 191                         p = &(*p)->rb_right;
 192                 else
 193                         return machine;
 194                 if (!machine->pid)
 195                         default_machine = machine;
 196         }
 197
 198         return default_machine;
 199 }
 200
 201 struct machine *machines__findnew(struct machines *machines, pid_t pid)
 202 {
 203         char path[PATH_MAX];
 204         const char *root_dir = "";
 205         struct machine *machine = machines__find(machines, pid);
 206
 207         if (machine && (machine->pid == pid))
 208                 goto out;
 209
 210         if ((pid != HOST_KERNEL_ID) &&
 211             (pid != DEFAULT_GUEST_KERNEL_ID) &&
 212             (symbol_conf.guestmount)) {
 213                 sprintf(path, "%s/%d", symbol_conf.guestmount, pid);
 214                 if (access(path, R_OK)) {
 215                         static struct strlist *seen;
 216
 217                         if (!seen)
 218                                 seen = strlist__new(true, NULL);
 219
 220                         if (!strlist__has_entry(seen, path)) {
 221                                 pr_err("Can't access file %s\n", path);
 222                                 strlist__add(seen, path);
 223                         }
 224                         machine = NULL;
 225                         goto out;
 226                 }
 227                 root_dir = path;
 228         }
 229
 230         machine = machines__add(machines, pid, root_dir);
 231 out:
 232         return machine;
 233 }
 234
 235 void machines__process_guests(struct machines *machines,
 236                               machine__process_t process, void *data)
 237 {
 238         struct rb_node *nd;
 239
 240         for (nd = rb_first(&machines->guests); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
 241                 struct machine *pos = rb_entry(nd, struct machine, rb_node);
 242                 process(pos, data);
 243         }
 244 }
 245
 246 char *machine__mmap_name(struct machine *machine, char *bf, size_t size)
 247 {
 248         if (machine__is_host(machine))
 249                 snprintf(bf, size, "[%s]", "kernel.kallsyms");
 250         else if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
 251                 snprintf(bf, size, "[%s]", "guest.kernel.kallsyms");
 252         else {
 253                 snprintf(bf, size, "[%s.%d]", "guest.kernel.kallsyms",
 254                          machine->pid);
 255         }
 256
 257         return bf;
 258 }
 259
 260 void machines__set_id_hdr_size(struct machines *machines, u16 id_hdr_size)
 261 {
 262         struct rb_node *node;
 263         struct machine *machine;
 264
 265         machines->host.id_hdr_size = id_hdr_size;
 266
 267         for (node = rb_first(&machines->guests); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
 268                 machine = rb_entry(node, struct machine, rb_node);
 269                 machine->id_hdr_size = id_hdr_size;
 270         }
 271
 272         return;
 273 }
 274
 275 static struct thread *__machine__findnew_thread(struct machine *machine,
 276                                                 pid_t pid, pid_t tid,
 277                                                 bool create)
 278 {
 279         struct rb_node **p = &machine->threads.rb_node;
 280         struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
 281         struct thread *th;
 282
 283         /*
 284          * Front-end cache - TID lookups come in blocks,
 285          * so most of the time we dont have to look up
 286          * the full rbtree:
 287          */
 288         if (machine->last_match && machine->last_match->tid == tid) {
 289                 if (pid && pid != machine->last_match->pid_)
 290                         machine->last_match->pid_ = pid;
 291                 return machine->last_match;
 292         }
 293
 294         while (*p != NULL) {
 295                 parent = *p;
 296                 th = rb_entry(parent, struct thread, rb_node);
 297
 298                 if (th->tid == tid) {
 299                         machine->last_match = th;
 300                         if (pid && pid != th->pid_)
 301                                 th->pid_ = pid;
 302                         return th;
 303                 }
 304
 305                 if (tid < th->tid)
 306                         p = &(*p)->rb_left;
 307                 else
 308                         p = &(*p)->rb_right;
 309         }
 310
 311         if (!create)
 312                 return NULL;
 313
 314         th = thread__new(pid, tid);
 315         if (th != NULL) {
 316                 rb_link_node(&th->rb_node, parent, p);
 317                 rb_insert_color(&th->rb_node, &machine->threads);
 318                 machine->last_match = th;
 319         }
 320
 321         return th;
 322 }
 323
 324 struct thread *machine__findnew_thread(struct machine *machine, pid_t pid,
 325                                        pid_t tid)
 326 {
 327         return __machine__findnew_thread(machine, pid, tid, true);
 328 }
 329
 330 struct thread *machine__find_thread(struct machine *machine, pid_t tid)
 331 {
 332         return __machine__findnew_thread(machine, 0, tid, false);
 333 }
 334
 335 int machine__process_comm_event(struct machine *machine, union perf_event *event,
 336                                 struct perf_sample *sample)
 337 {
 338         struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine,
 339                                                         event->comm.pid,
 340                                                         event->comm.tid);
 341
 342         if (dump_trace)
 343                 perf_event__fprintf_comm(event, stdout);
 344
 345         if (thread == NULL || thread__set_comm(thread, event->comm.comm, sample->time)) {
 346                 dump_printf("problem processing PERF_RECORD_COMM, skipping event.\n");
 347                 return -1;
 348         }
 349
 350         return 0;
 351 }
 352
 353 int machine__process_lost_event(struct machine *machine __maybe_unused,
 354                                 union perf_event *event, struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused)
 355 {
 356         dump_printf(": id:%" PRIu64 ": lost:%" PRIu64 "\n",
 357                     event->lost.id, event->lost.lost);
 358         return 0;
 359 }
 360
 361 struct map *machine__new_module(struct machine *machine, u64 start,
 362                                 const char *filename)
 363 {
 364         struct map *map;
 365         struct dso *dso = __dsos__findnew(&machine->kernel_dsos, filename);
 366
 367         if (dso == NULL)
 368                 return NULL;
 369
 370         map = map__new2(start, dso, MAP__FUNCTION);
 371         if (map == NULL)
 372                 return NULL;
 373
 374         if (machine__is_host(machine))
 375                 dso->symtab_type = DSO_BINARY_TYPE__SYSTEM_PATH_KMODULE;
 376         else
 377                 dso->symtab_type = DSO_BINARY_TYPE__GUEST_KMODULE;
 378         map_groups__insert(&machine->kmaps, map);
 379         return map;
 380 }
 381
 382 size_t machines__fprintf_dsos(struct machines *machines, FILE *fp)
 383 {
 384         struct rb_node *nd;
 385         size_t ret = __dsos__fprintf(&machines->host.kernel_dsos, fp) +
 386                      __dsos__fprintf(&machines->host.user_dsos, fp);
 387
 388         for (nd = rb_first(&machines->guests); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
 389                 struct machine *pos = rb_entry(nd, struct machine, rb_node);
 390                 ret += __dsos__fprintf(&pos->kernel_dsos, fp);
 391                 ret += __dsos__fprintf(&pos->user_dsos, fp);
 392         }
 393
 394         return ret;
 395 }
 396
 397 size_t machine__fprintf_dsos_buildid(struct machine *machine, FILE *fp,
 398                                      bool (skip)(struct dso *dso, int parm), int parm)
 399 {
 400         return __dsos__fprintf_buildid(&machine->kernel_dsos, fp, skip, parm) +
 401                __dsos__fprintf_buildid(&machine->user_dsos, fp, skip, parm);
 402 }
 403
 404 size_t machines__fprintf_dsos_buildid(struct machines *machines, FILE *fp,
 405                                      bool (skip)(struct dso *dso, int parm), int parm)
 406 {
 407         struct rb_node *nd;
 408         size_t ret = machine__fprintf_dsos_buildid(&machines->host, fp, skip, parm);
 409
 410         for (nd = rb_first(&machines->guests); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
 411                 struct machine *pos = rb_entry(nd, struct machine, rb_node);
 412                 ret += machine__fprintf_dsos_buildid(pos, fp, skip, parm);
 413         }
 414         return ret;
 415 }
 416
 417 size_t machine__fprintf_vmlinux_path(struct machine *machine, FILE *fp)
 418 {
 419         int i;
 420         size_t printed = 0;
 421         struct dso *kdso = machine->vmlinux_maps[MAP__FUNCTION]->dso;
 422
 423         if (kdso->has_build_id) {
 424                 char filename[PATH_MAX];
 425                 if (dso__build_id_filename(kdso, filename, sizeof(filename)))
 426                         printed += fprintf(fp, "[0] %s\n", filename);
 427         }
 428
 429         for (i = 0; i < vmlinux_path__nr_entries; ++i)
 430                 printed += fprintf(fp, "[%d] %s\n",
 431                                    i + kdso->has_build_id, vmlinux_path[i]);
 432
 433         return printed;
 434 }
 435
 436 size_t machine__fprintf(struct machine *machine, FILE *fp)
 437 {
 438         size_t ret = 0;
 439         struct rb_node *nd;
 440
 441         for (nd = rb_first(&machine->threads); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
 442                 struct thread *pos = rb_entry(nd, struct thread, rb_node);
 443
 444                 ret += thread__fprintf(pos, fp);
 445         }
 446
 447         return ret;
 448 }
 449
 450 static struct dso *machine__get_kernel(struct machine *machine)
 451 {
 452         const char *vmlinux_name = NULL;
 453         struct dso *kernel;
 454
 455         if (machine__is_host(machine)) {
 456                 vmlinux_name = symbol_conf.vmlinux_name;
 457                 if (!vmlinux_name)
 458                         vmlinux_name = "[kernel.kallsyms]";
 459
 460                 kernel = dso__kernel_findnew(machine, vmlinux_name,
 461                                              "[kernel]",
 462                                              DSO_TYPE_KERNEL);
 463         } else {
 464                 char bf[PATH_MAX];
 465
 466                 if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
 467                         vmlinux_name = symbol_conf.default_guest_vmlinux_name;
 468                 if (!vmlinux_name)
 469                         vmlinux_name = machine__mmap_name(machine, bf,
 470                                                           sizeof(bf));
 471
 472                 kernel = dso__kernel_findnew(machine, vmlinux_name,
 473                                              "[guest.kernel]",
 474                                              DSO_TYPE_GUEST_KERNEL);
 475         }
 476
 477         if (kernel != NULL && (!kernel->has_build_id))
 478                 dso__read_running_kernel_build_id(kernel, machine);
 479
 480         return kernel;
 481 }
 482
 483 struct process_args {
 484         u64 start;
 485 };
 486
 487 static int symbol__in_kernel(void *arg, const char *name,
 488                              char type __maybe_unused, u64 start)
 489 {
 490         struct process_args *args = arg;
 491
 492         if (strchr(name, '['))
 493                 return 0;
 494
 495         args->start = start;
 496         return 1;
 497 }
 498
 499 static void machine__get_kallsyms_filename(struct machine *machine, char *buf,
 500                                            size_t bufsz)
 501 {
 502         if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
 503                 scnprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s", symbol_conf.default_guest_kallsyms);
 504         else
 505                 scnprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s/proc/kallsyms", machine->root_dir);
 506 }
 507
 508 /* Figure out the start address of kernel map from /proc/kallsyms */
 509 static u64 machine__get_kernel_start_addr(struct machine *machine)
 510 {
 511         char filename[PATH_MAX];
 512         struct process_args args;
 513
 514         machine__get_kallsyms_filename(machine, filename, PATH_MAX);
 515
 516         if (symbol__restricted_filename(filename, "/proc/kallsyms"))
 517                 return 0;
 518
 519         if (kallsyms__parse(filename, &args, symbol__in_kernel) <= 0)
 520                 return 0;
 521
 522         return args.start;
 523 }
 524
 525 int __machine__create_kernel_maps(struct machine *machine, struct dso *kernel)
 526 {
 527         enum map_type type;
 528         u64 start = machine__get_kernel_start_addr(machine);
 529
 530         for (type = 0; type < MAP__NR_TYPES; ++type) {
 531                 struct kmap *kmap;
 532
 533                 machine->vmlinux_maps[type] = map__new2(start, kernel, type);
 534                 if (machine->vmlinux_maps[type] == NULL)
 535                         return -1;
 536
 537                 machine->vmlinux_maps[type]->map_ip =
 538                         machine->vmlinux_maps[type]->unmap_ip =
 539                                 identity__map_ip;
 540                 kmap = map__kmap(machine->vmlinux_maps[type]);
 541                 kmap->kmaps = &machine->kmaps;
 542                 map_groups__insert(&machine->kmaps,
 543                                    machine->vmlinux_maps[type]);
 544         }
 545
 546         return 0;
 547 }
 548
 549 void machine__destroy_kernel_maps(struct machine *machine)
 550 {
 551         enum map_type type;
 552
 553         for (type = 0; type < MAP__NR_TYPES; ++type) {
 554                 struct kmap *kmap;
 555
 556                 if (machine->vmlinux_maps[type] == NULL)
 557                         continue;
 558
 559                 kmap = map__kmap(machine->vmlinux_maps[type]);
 560                 map_groups__remove(&machine->kmaps,
 561                                    machine->vmlinux_maps[type]);
 562                 if (kmap->ref_reloc_sym) {
 563                         /*
 564                          * ref_reloc_sym is shared among all maps, so free just
 565                          * on one of them.
 566                          */
 567                         if (type == MAP__FUNCTION) {
 568                                 zfree((char **)&kmap->ref_reloc_sym->name);
 569                                 zfree(&kmap->ref_reloc_sym);
 570                         } else
 571                                 kmap->ref_reloc_sym = NULL;
 572                 }
 573
 574                 map__delete(machine->vmlinux_maps[type]);
 575                 machine->vmlinux_maps[type] = NULL;
 576         }
 577 }
 578
 579 int machines__create_guest_kernel_maps(struct machines *machines)
 580 {
 581         int ret = 0;
 582         struct dirent **namelist = NULL;
 583         int i, items = 0;
 584         char path[PATH_MAX];
 585         pid_t pid;
 586         char *endp;
 587
 588         if (symbol_conf.default_guest_vmlinux_name ||
 589             symbol_conf.default_guest_modules ||
 590             symbol_conf.default_guest_kallsyms) {
 591                 machines__create_kernel_maps(machines, DEFAULT_GUEST_KERNEL_ID);
 592         }
 593
 594         if (symbol_conf.guestmount) {
 595                 items = scandir(symbol_conf.guestmount, &namelist, NULL, NULL);
 596                 if (items <= 0)
 597                         return -ENOENT;
 598                 for (i = 0; i < items; i++) {
 599                         if (!isdigit(namelist[i]->d_name[0])) {
 600                                 /* Filter out . and .. */
 601                                 continue;
 602                         }
 603                         pid = (pid_t)strtol(namelist[i]->d_name, &endp, 10);
 604                         if ((*endp != '\0') ||
 605                             (endp == namelist[i]->d_name) ||
 606                             (errno == ERANGE)) {
 607                                 pr_debug("invalid directory (%s). Skipping.\n",
 608                                          namelist[i]->d_name);
 609                                 continue;
 610                         }
 611                         sprintf(path, "%s/%s/proc/kallsyms",
 612                                 symbol_conf.guestmount,
 613                                 namelist[i]->d_name);
 614                         ret = access(path, R_OK);
 615                         if (ret) {
 616                                 pr_debug("Can't access file %s\n", path);
 617                                 goto failure;
 618                         }
 619                         machines__create_kernel_maps(machines, pid);
 620                 }
 621 failure:
 622                 free(namelist);
 623         }
 624
 625         return ret;
 626 }
 627
 628 void machines__destroy_kernel_maps(struct machines *machines)
 629 {
 630         struct rb_node *next = rb_first(&machines->guests);
 631
 632         machine__destroy_kernel_maps(&machines->host);
 633
 634         while (next) {
 635                 struct machine *pos = rb_entry(next, struct machine, rb_node);
 636
 637                 next = rb_next(&pos->rb_node);
 638                 rb_erase(&pos->rb_node, &machines->guests);
 639                 machine__delete(pos);
 640         }
 641 }
 642
 643 int machines__create_kernel_maps(struct machines *machines, pid_t pid)
 644 {
 645         struct machine *machine = machines__findnew(machines, pid);
 646
 647         if (machine == NULL)
 648                 return -1;
 649
 650         return machine__create_kernel_maps(machine);
 651 }
 652
 653 int machine__load_kallsyms(struct machine *machine, const char *filename,
 654                            enum map_type type, symbol_filter_t filter)
 655 {
 656         struct map *map = machine->vmlinux_maps[type];
 657         int ret = dso__load_kallsyms(map->dso, filename, map, filter);
 658
 659         if (ret > 0) {
 660                 dso__set_loaded(map->dso, type);
 661                 /*
 662                  * Since /proc/kallsyms will have multiple sessions for the
 663                  * kernel, with modules between them, fixup the end of all
 664                  * sections.
 665                  */
 666                 __map_groups__fixup_end(&machine->kmaps, type);
 667         }
 668
 669         return ret;
 670 }
 671
 672 int machine__load_vmlinux_path(struct machine *machine, enum map_type type,
 673                                symbol_filter_t filter)
 674 {
 675         struct map *map = machine->vmlinux_maps[type];
 676         int ret = dso__load_vmlinux_path(map->dso, map, filter);
 677
 678         if (ret > 0)
 679                 dso__set_loaded(map->dso, type);
 680
 681         return ret;
 682 }
 683
 684 static void map_groups__fixup_end(struct map_groups *mg)
 685 {
 686         int i;
 687         for (i = 0; i < MAP__NR_TYPES; ++i)
 688                 __map_groups__fixup_end(mg, i);
 689 }
 690
 691 static char *get_kernel_version(const char *root_dir)
 692 {
 693         char version[PATH_MAX];
 694         FILE *file;
 695         char *name, *tmp;
 696         const char *prefix = "Linux version ";
 697
 698         sprintf(version, "%s/proc/version", root_dir);
 699         file = fopen(version, "r");
 700         if (!file)
 701                 return NULL;
 702
 703         version[0] = '\0';
 704         tmp = fgets(version, sizeof(version), file);
 705         fclose(file);
 706
 707         name = strstr(version, prefix);
 708         if (!name)
 709                 return NULL;
 710         name += strlen(prefix);
 711         tmp = strchr(name, ' ');
 712         if (tmp)
 713                 *tmp = '\0';
 714
 715         return strdup(name);
 716 }
 717
 718 static int map_groups__set_modules_path_dir(struct map_groups *mg,
 719                                 const char *dir_name)
 720 {
 721         struct dirent *dent;
 722         DIR *dir = opendir(dir_name);
 723         int ret = 0;
 724
 725         if (!dir) {
 726                 pr_debug("%s: cannot open %s dir\n", __func__, dir_name);
 727                 return -1;
 728         }
 729
 730         while ((dent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 731                 char path[PATH_MAX];
 732                 struct stat st;
 733
 734                 /*sshfs might return bad dent->d_type, so we have to stat*/
 735                 snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", dir_name, dent->d_name);
 736                 if (stat(path, &st))
 737                         continue;
 738
 739                 if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 740                         if (!strcmp(dent->d_name, ".") ||
 741                             !strcmp(dent->d_name, ".."))
 742                                 continue;
 743
 744                         ret = map_groups__set_modules_path_dir(mg, path);
 745                         if (ret < 0)
 746                                 goto out;
 747                 } else {
 748                         char *dot = strrchr(dent->d_name, '.'),
 749                              dso_name[PATH_MAX];
 750                         struct map *map;
 751                         char *long_name;
 752
 753                         if (dot == NULL || strcmp(dot, ".ko"))
 754                                 continue;
 755                         snprintf(dso_name, sizeof(dso_name), "[%.*s]",
 756                                  (int)(dot - dent->d_name), dent->d_name);
 757
 758                         strxfrchar(dso_name, '-', '_');
 759                         map = map_groups__find_by_name(mg, MAP__FUNCTION,
 760                                                        dso_name);
 761                         if (map == NULL)
 762                                 continue;
 763
 764                         long_name = strdup(path);
 765                         if (long_name == NULL) {
 766                                 ret = -1;
 767                                 goto out;
 768                         }
 769                         dso__set_long_name(map->dso, long_name, true);
 770                         dso__kernel_module_get_build_id(map->dso, "");
 771                 }
 772         }
 773
 774 out:
 775         closedir(dir);
 776         return ret;
 777 }
 778
 779 static int machine__set_modules_path(struct machine *machine)
 780 {
 781         char *version;
 782         char modules_path[PATH_MAX];
 783
 784         version = get_kernel_version(machine->root_dir);
 785         if (!version)
 786                 return -1;
 787
 788         snprintf(modules_path, sizeof(modules_path), "%s/lib/modules/%s/kernel",
 789                  machine->root_dir, version);
 790         free(version);
 791
 792         return map_groups__set_modules_path_dir(&machine->kmaps, modules_path);
 793 }
 794
 795 static int machine__create_module(void *arg, const char *name, u64 start)
 796 {
 797         struct machine *machine = arg;
 798         struct map *map;
 799
 800         map = machine__new_module(machine, start, name);
 801         if (map == NULL)
 802                 return -1;
 803
 804         dso__kernel_module_get_build_id(map->dso, machine->root_dir);
 805
 806         return 0;
 807 }
 808
 809 static int machine__create_modules(struct machine *machine)
 810 {
 811         const char *modules;
 812         char path[PATH_MAX];
 813
 814         if (machine__is_default_guest(machine)) {
 815                 modules = symbol_conf.default_guest_modules;
 816         } else {
 817                 snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, "%s/proc/modules", machine->root_dir);
 818                 modules = path;
 819         }
 820
 821         if (symbol__restricted_filename(modules, "/proc/modules"))
 822                 return -1;
 823
 824         if (modules__parse(modules, machine, machine__create_module))
 825                 return -1;
 826
 827         if (!machine__set_modules_path(machine))
 828                 return 0;
 829
 830         pr_debug("Problems setting modules path maps, continuing anyway...\n");
 831
 832         return 0;
 833 }
 834
 835 const char *ref_reloc_sym_names[] = {"_text", "_stext", NULL};
 836
 837 int machine__create_kernel_maps(struct machine *machine)
 838 {
 839         struct dso *kernel = machine__get_kernel(machine);
 840         char filename[PATH_MAX];
 841         const char *name;
 842         u64 addr = 0;
 843         int i;
 844
 845         machine__get_kallsyms_filename(machine, filename, PATH_MAX);
 846
 847         for (i = 0; (name = ref_reloc_sym_names[i]) != NULL; i++) {
 848                 addr = kallsyms__get_function_start(filename, name);
 849                 if (addr)
 850                         break;
 851         }
 852         if (!addr)
 853                 return -1;
 854
 855         if (kernel == NULL ||
 856             __machine__create_kernel_maps(machine, kernel) < 0)
 857                 return -1;
 858
 859         if (symbol_conf.use_modules && machine__create_modules(machine) < 0) {
 860                 if (machine__is_host(machine))
 861                         pr_debug("Problems creating module maps, "
 862                                  "continuing anyway...\n");
 863                 else
 864                         pr_debug("Problems creating module maps for guest %d, "
 865                                  "continuing anyway...\n", machine->pid);
 866         }
 867
 868         /*
 869          * Now that we have all the maps created, just set the ->end of them:
 870          */
 871         map_groups__fixup_end(&machine->kmaps);
 872
 873         if (maps__set_kallsyms_ref_reloc_sym(machine->vmlinux_maps, name,
 874                                              addr)) {
 875                 machine__destroy_kernel_maps(machine);
 876                 return -1;
 877         }
 878
 879         return 0;
 880 }
 881
 882 static void machine__set_kernel_mmap_len(struct machine *machine,
 883                                          union perf_event *event)
 884 {
 885         int i;
 886
 887         for (i = 0; i < MAP__NR_TYPES; i++) {
 888                 machine->vmlinux_maps[i]->start = event->mmap.start;
 889                 machine->vmlinux_maps[i]->end   = (event->mmap.start +
 890                                                    event->mmap.len);
 891                 /*
 892                  * Be a bit paranoid here, some perf.data file came with
 893                  * a zero sized synthesized MMAP event for the kernel.
 894                  */
 895                 if (machine->vmlinux_maps[i]->end == 0)
 896                         machine->vmlinux_maps[i]->end = ~0ULL;
 897         }
 898 }
 899
 900 static bool machine__uses_kcore(struct machine *machine)
 901 {
 902         struct dso *dso;
 903
 904         list_for_each_entry(dso, &machine->kernel_dsos, node) {
 905                 if (dso__is_kcore(dso))
 906                         return true;
 907         }
 908
 909         return false;
 910 }
 911
 912 static int machine__process_kernel_mmap_event(struct machine *machine,
 913                                               union perf_event *event)
 914 {
 915         struct map *map;
 916         char kmmap_prefix[PATH_MAX];
 917         enum dso_kernel_type kernel_type;
 918         bool is_kernel_mmap;
 919
 920         /* If we have maps from kcore then we do not need or want any others */
 921         if (machine__uses_kcore(machine))
 922                 return 0;
 923
 924         machine__mmap_name(machine, kmmap_prefix, sizeof(kmmap_prefix));
 925         if (machine__is_host(machine))
 926                 kernel_type = DSO_TYPE_KERNEL;
 927         else
 928                 kernel_type = DSO_TYPE_GUEST_KERNEL;
 929
 930         is_kernel_mmap = memcmp(event->mmap.filename,
 931                                 kmmap_prefix,
 932                                 strlen(kmmap_prefix) - 1) == 0;
 933         if (event->mmap.filename[0] == '/' ||
 934             (!is_kernel_mmap && event->mmap.filename[0] == '[')) {
 935
 936                 char short_module_name[1024];
 937                 char *name, *dot;
 938
 939                 if (event->mmap.filename[0] == '/') {
 940                         name = strrchr(event->mmap.filename, '/');
 941                         if (name == NULL)
 942                                 goto out_problem;
 943
 944                         ++name; /* skip / */
 945                         dot = strrchr(name, '.');
 946                         if (dot == NULL)
 947                                 goto out_problem;
 948                         snprintf(short_module_name, sizeof(short_module_name),
 949                                         "[%.*s]", (int)(dot - name), name);
 950                         strxfrchar(short_module_name, '-', '_');
 951                 } else
 952                         strcpy(short_module_name, event->mmap.filename);
 953
 954                 map = machine__new_module(machine, event->mmap.start,
 955                                           event->mmap.filename);
 956                 if (map == NULL)
 957                         goto out_problem;
 958
 959                 name = strdup(short_module_name);
 960                 if (name == NULL)
 961                         goto out_problem;
 962
 963                 dso__set_short_name(map->dso, name, true);
 964                 map->end = map->start + event->mmap.len;
 965         } else if (is_kernel_mmap) {
 966                 const char *symbol_name = (event->mmap.filename +
 967                                 strlen(kmmap_prefix));
 968                 /*
 969                  * Should be there already, from the build-id table in
 970                  * the header.
 971                  */
 972                 struct dso *kernel = __dsos__findnew(&machine->kernel_dsos,
 973                                                      kmmap_prefix);
 974                 if (kernel == NULL)
 975                         goto out_problem;
 976
 977                 kernel->kernel = kernel_type;
 978                 if (__machine__create_kernel_maps(machine, kernel) < 0)
 979                         goto out_problem;
 980
 981                 machine__set_kernel_mmap_len(machine, event);
 982
 983                 /*
 984                  * Avoid using a zero address (kptr_restrict) for the ref reloc
 985                  * symbol. Effectively having zero here means that at record
 986                  * time /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict was non zero.
 987                  */
 988                 if (event->mmap.pgoff != 0) {
 989                         maps__set_kallsyms_ref_reloc_sym(machine->vmlinux_maps,
 990                                                          symbol_name,
 991                                                          event->mmap.pgoff);
 992                 }
 993
 994                 if (machine__is_default_guest(machine)) {
 995                         /*
 996                          * preload dso of guest kernel and modules
 997                          */
 998                         dso__load(kernel, machine->vmlinux_maps[MAP__FUNCTION],
 999                                   NULL);
1000                 }
1001         }
1002         return 0;
1003 out_problem:
1004         return -1;
1005 }
1006
1007 int machine__process_mmap2_event(struct machine *machine,
1008                                  union perf_event *event,
1009                                  struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused)
1010 {
1011         u8 cpumode = event->header.misc & PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_MASK;
1012         struct thread *thread;
1013         struct map *map;
1014         enum map_type type;
1015         int ret = 0;
1016
1017         if (dump_trace)
1018                 perf_event__fprintf_mmap2(event, stdout);
1019
1020         if (cpumode == PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL ||
1021             cpumode == PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL) {
1022                 ret = machine__process_kernel_mmap_event(machine, event);
1023                 if (ret < 0)
1024                         goto out_problem;
1025                 return 0;
1026         }
1027
1028         thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, event->mmap2.pid,
1029                                         event->mmap2.pid);
1030         if (thread == NULL)
1031                 goto out_problem;
1032
1033         if (event->header.misc & PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA)
1034                 type = MAP__VARIABLE;
1035         else
1036                 type = MAP__FUNCTION;
1037
1038         map = map__new(&machine->user_dsos, event->mmap2.start,
1039                         event->mmap2.len, event->mmap2.pgoff,
1040                         event->mmap2.pid, event->mmap2.maj,
1041                         event->mmap2.min, event->mmap2.ino,
1042                         event->mmap2.ino_generation,
1043                         event->mmap2.filename, type);
1044
1045         if (map == NULL)
1046                 goto out_problem;
1047
1048         thread__insert_map(thread, map);
1049         return 0;
1050
1051 out_problem:
1052         dump_printf("problem processing PERF_RECORD_MMAP2, skipping event.\n");
1053         return 0;
1054 }
1055
1056 int machine__process_mmap_event(struct machine *machine, union perf_event *event,
1057                                 struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused)
1058 {
1059         u8 cpumode = event->header.misc & PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_MASK;
1060         struct thread *thread;
1061         struct map *map;
1062         enum map_type type;
1063         int ret = 0;
1064
1065         if (dump_trace)
1066                 perf_event__fprintf_mmap(event, stdout);
1067
1068         if (cpumode == PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL ||
1069             cpumode == PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL) {
1070                 ret = machine__process_kernel_mmap_event(machine, event);
1071                 if (ret < 0)
1072                         goto out_problem;
1073                 return 0;
1074         }
1075
1076         thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, event->mmap.pid,
1077                                          event->mmap.pid);
1078         if (thread == NULL)
1079                 goto out_problem;
1080
1081         if (event->header.misc & PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA)
1082                 type = MAP__VARIABLE;
1083         else
1084                 type = MAP__FUNCTION;
1085
1086         map = map__new(&machine->user_dsos, event->mmap.start,
1087                         event->mmap.len, event->mmap.pgoff,
1088                         event->mmap.pid, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1089                         event->mmap.filename,
1090                         type);
1091
1092         if (map == NULL)
1093                 goto out_problem;
1094
1095         thread__insert_map(thread, map);
1096         return 0;
1097
1098 out_problem:
1099         dump_printf("problem processing PERF_RECORD_MMAP, skipping event.\n");
1100         return 0;
1101 }
1102
1103 static void machine__remove_thread(struct machine *machine, struct thread *th)
1104 {
1105         machine->last_match = NULL;
1106         rb_erase(&th->rb_node, &machine->threads);
1107         /*
1108          * We may have references to this thread, for instance in some hist_entry
1109          * instances, so just move them to a separate list.
1110          */
1111         list_add_tail(&th->node, &machine->dead_threads);
1112 }
1113
1114 int machine__process_fork_event(struct machine *machine, union perf_event *event,
1115                                 struct perf_sample *sample)
1116 {
1117         struct thread *thread = machine__find_thread(machine, event->fork.tid);
1118         struct thread *parent = machine__findnew_thread(machine,
1119                                                         event->fork.ppid,
1120                                                         event->fork.ptid);
1121
1122         /* if a thread currently exists for the thread id remove it */
1123         if (thread != NULL)
1124                 machine__remove_thread(machine, thread);
1125
1126         thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, event->fork.pid,
1127                                          event->fork.tid);
1128         if (dump_trace)
1129                 perf_event__fprintf_task(event, stdout);
1130
1131         if (thread == NULL || parent == NULL ||
1132             thread__fork(thread, parent, sample->time) < 0) {
1133                 dump_printf("problem processing PERF_RECORD_FORK, skipping event.\n");
1134                 return -1;
1135         }
1136
1137         return 0;
1138 }
1139
1140 int machine__process_exit_event(struct machine *machine, union perf_event *event,
1141                                 struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused)
1142 {
1143         struct thread *thread = machine__find_thread(machine, event->fork.tid);
1144
1145         if (dump_trace)
1146                 perf_event__fprintf_task(event, stdout);
1147
1148         if (thread != NULL)
1149                 thread__exited(thread);
1150
1151         return 0;
1152 }
1153
1154 int machine__process_event(struct machine *machine, union perf_event *event,
1155                            struct perf_sample *sample)
1156 {
1157         int ret;
1158
1159         switch (event->header.type) {
1160         case PERF_RECORD_COMM:
1161                 ret = machine__process_comm_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1162         case PERF_RECORD_MMAP:
1163                 ret = machine__process_mmap_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1164         case PERF_RECORD_MMAP2:
1165                 ret = machine__process_mmap2_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1166         case PERF_RECORD_FORK:
1167                 ret = machine__process_fork_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1168         case PERF_RECORD_EXIT:
1169                 ret = machine__process_exit_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1170         case PERF_RECORD_LOST:
1171                 ret = machine__process_lost_event(machine, event, sample); break;
1172         default:
1173                 ret = -1;
1174                 break;
1175         }
1176
1177         return ret;
1178 }
1179
1180 static bool symbol__match_regex(struct symbol *sym, regex_t *regex)
1181 {
1182         if (sym->name && !regexec(regex, sym->name, 0, NULL, 0))
1183                 return 1;
1184         return 0;
1185 }
1186
1187 static const u8 cpumodes[] = {
1188         PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER,
1189         PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL,
1190         PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_USER,
1191         PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL
1192 };
1193 #define NCPUMODES (sizeof(cpumodes)/sizeof(u8))
1194
1195 static void ip__resolve_ams(struct machine *machine, struct thread *thread,
1196                             struct addr_map_symbol *ams,
1197                             u64 ip)
1198 {
1199         struct addr_location al;
1200         size_t i;
1201         u8 m;
1202
1203         memset(&al, 0, sizeof(al));
1204
1205         for (i = 0; i < NCPUMODES; i++) {
1206                 m = cpumodes[i];
1207                 /*
1208                  * We cannot use the header.misc hint to determine whether a
1209                  * branch stack address is user, kernel, guest, hypervisor.
1210                  * Branches may straddle the kernel/user/hypervisor boundaries.
1211                  * Thus, we have to try consecutively until we find a match
1212                  * or else, the symbol is unknown
1213                  */
1214                 thread__find_addr_location(thread, machine, m, MAP__FUNCTION,
1215                                 ip, &al);
1216                 if (al.sym)
1217                         goto found;
1218         }
1219 found:
1220         ams->addr = ip;
1221         ams->al_addr = al.addr;
1222         ams->sym = al.sym;
1223         ams->map = al.map;
1224 }
1225
1226 static void ip__resolve_data(struct machine *machine, struct thread *thread,
1227                              u8 m, struct addr_map_symbol *ams, u64 addr)
1228 {
1229         struct addr_location al;
1230
1231         memset(&al, 0, sizeof(al));
1232
1233         thread__find_addr_location(thread, machine, m, MAP__VARIABLE, addr,
1234                                    &al);
1235         ams->addr = addr;
1236         ams->al_addr = al.addr;
1237         ams->sym = al.sym;
1238         ams->map = al.map;
1239 }
1240
1241 struct mem_info *machine__resolve_mem(struct machine *machine,
1242                                       struct thread *thr,
1243                                       struct perf_sample *sample,
1244                                       u8 cpumode)
1245 {
1246         struct mem_info *mi = zalloc(sizeof(*mi));
1247
1248         if (!mi)
1249                 return NULL;
1250
1251         ip__resolve_ams(machine, thr, &mi->iaddr, sample->ip);
1252         ip__resolve_data(machine, thr, cpumode, &mi->daddr, sample->addr);
1253         mi->data_src.val = sample->data_src;
1254
1255         return mi;
1256 }
1257
1258 struct branch_info *machine__resolve_bstack(struct machine *machine,
1259                                             struct thread *thr,
1260                                             struct branch_stack *bs)
1261 {
1262         struct branch_info *bi;
1263         unsigned int i;
1264
1265         bi = calloc(bs->nr, sizeof(struct branch_info));
1266         if (!bi)
1267                 return NULL;
1268
1269         for (i = 0; i < bs->nr; i++) {
1270                 ip__resolve_ams(machine, thr, &bi[i].to, bs->entries[i].to);
1271                 ip__resolve_ams(machine, thr, &bi[i].from, bs->entries[i].from);
1272                 bi[i].flags = bs->entries[i].flags;
1273         }
1274         return bi;
1275 }
1276
1277 static int machine__resolve_callchain_sample(struct machine *machine,
1278                                              struct thread *thread,
1279                                              struct ip_callchain *chain,
1280                                              struct symbol **parent,
1281                                              struct addr_location *root_al,
1282                                              int max_stack)
1283 {
1284         u8 cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER;
1285         int chain_nr = min(max_stack, (int)chain->nr);
1286         int i;
1287         int err;
1288
1289         callchain_cursor_reset(&callchain_cursor);
1290
1291         if (chain->nr > PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH) {
1292                 pr_warning("corrupted callchain. skipping...\n");
1293                 return 0;
1294         }
1295
1296         for (i = 0; i < chain_nr; i++) {
1297                 u64 ip;
1298                 struct addr_location al;
1299
1300                 if (callchain_param.order == ORDER_CALLEE)
1301                         ip = chain->ips[i];
1302                 else
1303                         ip = chain->ips[chain->nr - i - 1];
1304
1305                 if (ip >= PERF_CONTEXT_MAX) {
1306                         switch (ip) {
1307                         case PERF_CONTEXT_HV:
1308                                 cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_HYPERVISOR;
1309                                 break;
1310                         case PERF_CONTEXT_KERNEL:
1311                                 cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL;
1312                                 break;
1313                         case PERF_CONTEXT_USER:
1314                                 cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER;
1315                                 break;
1316                         default:
1317                                 pr_debug("invalid callchain context: "
1318                                          "%"PRId64"\n", (s64) ip);
1319                                 /*
1320                                  * It seems the callchain is corrupted.
1321                                  * Discard all.
1322                                  */
1323                                 callchain_cursor_reset(&callchain_cursor);
1324                                 return 0;
1325                         }
1326                         continue;
1327                 }
1328
1329                 al.filtered = false;
1330                 thread__find_addr_location(thread, machine, cpumode,
1331                                            MAP__FUNCTION, ip, &al);
1332                 if (al.sym != NULL) {
1333                         if (sort__has_parent && !*parent &&
1334                             symbol__match_regex(al.sym, &parent_regex))
1335                                 *parent = al.sym;
1336                         else if (have_ignore_callees && root_al &&
1337                           symbol__match_regex(al.sym, &ignore_callees_regex)) {
1338                                 /* Treat this symbol as the root,
1339                                    forgetting its callees. */
1340                                 *root_al = al;
1341                                 callchain_cursor_reset(&callchain_cursor);
1342                         }
1343                 }
1344
1345                 err = callchain_cursor_append(&callchain_cursor,
1346                                               ip, al.map, al.sym);
1347                 if (err)
1348                         return err;
1349         }
1350
1351         return 0;
1352 }
1353
1354 static int unwind_entry(struct unwind_entry *entry, void *arg)
1355 {
1356         struct callchain_cursor *cursor = arg;
1357         return callchain_cursor_append(cursor, entry->ip,
1358                                        entry->map, entry->sym);
1359 }
1360
1361 int machine__resolve_callchain(struct machine *machine,
1362                                struct perf_evsel *evsel,
1363                                struct thread *thread,
1364                                struct perf_sample *sample,
1365                                struct symbol **parent,
1366                                struct addr_location *root_al,
1367                                int max_stack)
1368 {
1369         int ret;
1370
1371         ret = machine__resolve_callchain_sample(machine, thread,
1372                                                 sample->callchain, parent,
1373                                                 root_al, max_stack);
1374         if (ret)
1375                 return ret;
1376
1377         /* Can we do dwarf post unwind? */
1378         if (!((evsel->attr.sample_type & PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER) &&
1379               (evsel->attr.sample_type & PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER)))
1380                 return 0;
1381
1382         /* Bail out if nothing was captured. */
1383         if ((!sample->user_regs.regs) ||
1384             (!sample->user_stack.size))
1385                 return 0;
1386
1387         return unwind__get_entries(unwind_entry, &callchain_cursor, machine,
1388                                    thread, evsel->attr.sample_regs_user,
1389                                    sample, max_stack);
1390
1391 }
1392
1393 int machine__for_each_thread(struct machine *machine,
1394                              int (*fn)(struct thread *thread, void *p),
1395                              void *priv)
1396 {
1397         struct rb_node *nd;
1398         struct thread *thread;
1399         int rc = 0;
1400
1401         for (nd = rb_first(&machine->threads); nd; nd = rb_next(nd)) {
1402                 thread = rb_entry(nd, struct thread, rb_node);
1403                 rc = fn(thread, priv);
1404                 if (rc != 0)
1405                         return rc;
1406         }
1407
1408         list_for_each_entry(thread, &machine->dead_threads, node) {
1409                 rc = fn(thread, priv);
1410                 if (rc != 0)
1411                         return rc;
1412         }
1413         return rc;
1414 }
1415
1416 int __machine__synthesize_threads(struct machine *machine, struct perf_tool *tool,
1417                                   struct target *target, struct thread_map *threads,
1418                                   perf_event__handler_t process, bool data_mmap)
1419 {
1420         if (target__has_task(target))
1421                 return perf_event__synthesize_thread_map(tool, threads, process, machine, data_mmap);
1422         else if (target__has_cpu(target))
1423                 return perf_event__synthesize_threads(tool, process, machine, data_mmap);
1424         /* command specified */
1425         return 0;
1426 }