2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
65 The PCM OSS emulation module.
66 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
68 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
70 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
73 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
75 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
76 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
77 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
78 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
79 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
81 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
82 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
83 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
84 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
89 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
90 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
92 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
94 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
97 Common parameters for top sound card modules
98 --------------------------------------------
100 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
102 index - index (slot #) of sound card
103 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
104 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
105 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
106 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
108 id - card ID (identifier or name)
109 - Can be up to 15 characters long
110 - Default: the card type
111 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
112 containing information about the card
113 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
116 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
121 Module for AdLib FM cards.
123 port - port # for OPL chip
125 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
126 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
127 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
130 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
131 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
132 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
134 Port Client name Port name
135 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
137 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
139 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
141 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
142 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
144 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
149 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
151 port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
152 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
153 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
154 irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
155 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
156 dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
157 dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
158 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
160 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
165 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
167 port - port # for AD1848 chip
168 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
169 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
171 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
172 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
174 The power-management is supported.
179 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
181 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
182 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
184 This module supports multiple cards.
189 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
191 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
192 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
195 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
197 The power-management is supported.
202 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
204 port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
205 irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
206 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
207 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
208 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
209 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
210 fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
212 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
214 The power-management is supported.
219 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
221 This module supports multiple cards.
223 The power-management is supported.
228 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
230 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
231 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
233 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
235 The power-management is supported.
240 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
242 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
243 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
244 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
245 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
246 instead of probing. If this works for you
247 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
249 -1 -- Default behavior.
250 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
251 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
253 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
255 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
256 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
257 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
258 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
260 The power-management is supported.
262 Module snd-atiixp-modem
263 -----------------------
265 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
267 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
269 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
272 The power-management is supported.
274 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
275 -----------------------------------------
277 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
279 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
280 0 = Disable all workarounds
281 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
282 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
283 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
284 3 = Force both settings
285 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
287 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
288 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
289 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
290 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
291 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
292 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
293 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
296 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
297 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
298 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
303 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
305 port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
306 wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
307 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
308 fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
309 irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
310 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
311 dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
312 dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
314 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
316 The power-management is supported.
321 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
323 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
325 This module supports multiple cards.
330 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
332 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
333 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
335 This module supports multiple cards.
337 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
343 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
345 This module supports multiple cards.
351 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
353 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
354 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
355 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
356 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
357 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
358 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
359 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
361 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
363 The power-management is supported.
368 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
370 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface:
371 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
372 1 = integrated PCI port (8738 or later),
373 0 = disable (default)
374 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
376 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
378 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
380 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
382 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
384 The power-management is supported.
389 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
391 port - port # for CS4231 chip
392 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
393 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
394 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
395 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
396 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
398 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
399 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
401 The power-management is supported.
406 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
408 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
409 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
410 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
411 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
412 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
413 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
414 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
415 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
416 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
418 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
419 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
421 The power-management is supported.
426 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
427 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
429 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
430 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
431 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
432 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
433 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
434 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
435 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
436 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
437 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
439 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
440 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
441 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
443 The power-management is supported.
448 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
450 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
452 This module supports multiple cards.
454 The power-management is supported.
459 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
460 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
462 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
463 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
464 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
466 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
467 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
468 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
471 The power-management is supported.
476 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
478 Module snd-cs5535audio
479 ----------------------
481 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
483 The power-management is supported.
488 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
490 This module supports multiple cards.
491 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
496 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
498 This module supports multiple cards.
499 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
504 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
507 port - Port # (PnP setup)
508 mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
509 fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
510 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
511 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
512 dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
514 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
517 The power-management is supported.
522 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
523 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
524 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
526 The power-management is supported.
531 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
533 This module supports multiple cards.
534 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
539 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
540 * Sound Blaster Live!
541 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
542 * Emu APS (partially supported)
543 * Sound Blaster Audigy
545 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
546 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
547 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
548 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
549 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
550 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
551 enable_ir - enable IR
553 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
555 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
556 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
557 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
558 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
559 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
560 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
561 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
562 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
563 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
564 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
565 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
566 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
567 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
569 The power-management is supported.
574 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
576 This module supports multiple cards.
581 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
582 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
583 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
585 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
587 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
589 The power-management is supported.
594 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
595 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
596 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
597 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
599 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
600 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
602 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
604 The power-management is supported.
609 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
611 port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
612 irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
613 dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
615 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
617 The power-management is supported.
622 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
624 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
625 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
626 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
627 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
628 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
630 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
635 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
637 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
638 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
639 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
640 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
641 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
642 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
643 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
645 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
646 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
647 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
649 The power-management is supported.
654 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
656 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
658 The power-management is supported.
663 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
665 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
666 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
667 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
668 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
669 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
671 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
672 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
674 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
676 The power-management is supported.
681 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
683 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
684 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
685 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
686 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
687 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
688 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
690 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
692 The power-management is supported.
697 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
699 This module supports multiple cards.
700 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
705 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
707 This module supports multiple cards.
708 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
710 Module snd-gusclassic
711 ---------------------
713 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
715 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
716 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
717 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
718 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
719 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
720 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
721 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
723 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
725 Module snd-gusextreme
726 ---------------------
728 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
730 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
731 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
732 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
733 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
734 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
735 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
736 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
737 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
738 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
739 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
740 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
742 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
747 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
749 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
750 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
751 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
752 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
753 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
754 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
755 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
757 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
762 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8),
763 ATI SB450, SB600, RS600,
767 model - force the model name
768 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = FIFO size)
769 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
770 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
771 codecs (for debugging only)
772 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
773 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
774 disable, default = 10)
775 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
778 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
780 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
781 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
782 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
783 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
784 models depending on the codec chip.
786 Model name Description
787 ---------- -----------
789 3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
790 3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
791 5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
792 5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
793 6stack 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
794 6stack-digout 6-jack with a SPDIF out
796 z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
797 asus 3-jack (ASUS Mobo)
799 asus-dig ASUS with SPDIF out
800 asus-dig2 ASUS with SPDIF out (using GPIO2)
802 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptops (Pi1536)
804 lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
805 lg-lw LG LW20/LW25 laptop
807 clevo Clevo laptops (m520G, m665n)
808 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
809 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
811 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
815 hp-3013 HP machines (3013-variant)
816 fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
818 will Will laptops (PB V7900)
819 replacer Replacer 672V
820 basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
821 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
824 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
825 hp-bpc HP xw4400/6400/8400/9400 laptops
826 hp-bpc-d7000 HP BPC D7000
829 hippo Hippo (ATI) with jack detection, Sony UX-90s
830 hippo_1 Hippo (Benq) with jack detection
831 sony-assamd Sony ASSAMD
832 basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
833 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
839 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
842 3stack-dig 3-stack (2-channel) with SPDIF
843 3stack-6ch 3-stack (6-channel)
844 3stack-6ch-dig 3-stack (6-channel) with SPDIF
845 6stack-dig 6-stack with SPDIF
846 lenovo-101e Lenovo laptop
847 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
850 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
851 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
853 macpro MacPro support
854 mbp3 Macbook Pro rev3
855 imac24 iMac 24'' with jack detection
857 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
860 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
861 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
862 3stack-6ch 3-jack 6-channel
863 3stack-6ch-dig 3-jack 6-channel with SPDIF I/O
864 6stack-dig-demo 6-jack digital for Intel demo board
865 acer Acer laptops (Travelmate 3012WTMi, Aspire 5600, etc)
866 acer-aspire Acer Aspire 9810
867 medion Medion Laptops
868 medion-md2 Medion MD2
870 targa-2ch-dig Targs/MSI with 2-channel
871 laptop-eapd 3-jack with SPDIF I/O and EAPD (Clevo M540JE, M550JE)
872 lenovo-101e Lenovo 101E
873 lenovo-nb0763 Lenovo NB0763
874 lenovo-ms7195-dig Lenovo MS7195
876 6stack-hp HP machines with 6stack (Nettle boards)
877 3stack-hp HP machines with 3stack (Lucknow, Samba boards)
878 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
882 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
883 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
884 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660)
885 uniwill-m31 Uniwill M31 laptop
886 toshiba Toshiba laptop support
887 asus Asus laptop support
888 asus-laptop ASUS F2/F3 laptops
889 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
893 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF OUT
894 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF OUT
895 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660VD)
896 3stack-660-digout 3-jack with SPDIF OUT (for ALC660VD)
897 lenovo Lenovo 3000 C200
898 dallas Dallas laptops
900 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
903 minimal 3-jack in back
904 min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
905 full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
906 full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
907 allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
908 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
911 3stack 3-stack mode (default)
918 basic 3-jack (default)
920 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T60/X60/Z60
927 basic default configuration
928 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T61/X61
931 6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
932 3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
933 laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
934 laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)
935 ultra 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung Ultra tablet PC)
939 6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
941 3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
942 laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
943 laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
944 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
948 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
949 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
953 laptop Basic Laptop config
954 laptop-hp Laptop config for some HP models (subdevice 30A5)
955 laptop-eapd Laptop config with EAPD support
956 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
957 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
962 dell-m21 Dell Inspiron 630m, Dell Inspiron 640m
963 dell-m22 Dell Latitude D620, Dell Latitude D820
964 dell-m23 Dell XPS M1710, Dell Precision M90
965 dell-m24 Dell Latitude 120L
966 dell-m25 Dell Inspiron E1505n
967 dell-m26 Dell Inspiron 1501
968 dell-m27 Dell Inspiron E1705/9400
972 dell-m42 Dell (unknown)
973 dell-m43 Dell Precision
974 dell-m44 Dell Inspiron
979 5stack D945 5stack + SPDIF
980 intel-mac-v1 Intel Mac Type 1
981 intel-mac-v2 Intel Mac Type 2
982 intel-mac-v3 Intel Mac Type 3
983 intel-mac-v4 Intel Mac Type 4
984 intel-mac-v5 Intel Mac Type 5
985 macmini Intel Mac Mini (equivalent with type 3)
986 macbook Intel Mac Book (eq. type 5)
987 macbook-pro-v1 Intel Mac Book Pro 1st generation (eq. type 3)
988 macbook-pro Intel Mac Book Pro 2nd generation (eq. type 3)
989 imac-intel Intel iMac (eq. type 2)
990 imac-intel-20 Intel iMac (newer version) (eq. type 3)
991 dell-d81 Dell (unknown)
992 dell-d82 Dell (unknown)
993 dell-m81 Dell (unknown)
994 dell-m82 Dell XPS M1210
997 ref Reference board, base config
998 m2-2 Some Gateway MX series laptops
999 m6 Some Gateway NX series laptops
1000 pa6 Gateway NX860 series
1002 STAC9227/9228/9229/927x
1005 5stack D965 5stack + SPDIF
1006 dell-3stack Dell Dimension E520
1009 vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110
1010 vaio-ar Setup for VAIO AR
1012 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
1013 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1014 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1016 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1017 matches with your device, report it together with the PCI
1018 subsystem ID (output of "lspci -nv") to ALSA BTS or alsa-devel
1019 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
1021 When CONFIG_SND_HDA_POWER_SAVE is set, two options, power_save and
1022 power_save_controller become available. power_save specifies the
1023 time to turn off the power automatically at idle status. When
1024 power_save_controller is true, the controller is also turned off.
1025 This might result in more obvious click noise at turning on/off.
1027 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1028 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
1029 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1030 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
1031 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1032 (Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
1035 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
1036 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1037 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
1038 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
1039 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1040 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
1041 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1042 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
1043 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1044 avoided as much as possible...
1046 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
1047 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1048 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
1049 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1050 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1051 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1052 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_DETECT, or simply from the file name of the codec
1053 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1054 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
1055 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
1057 The power-management is supported.
1062 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1064 This module supports multiple cards.
1066 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1067 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
1068 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1070 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1072 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1073 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1074 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
1075 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1076 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1082 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1084 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1085 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1086 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1088 See hdspm.txt for details.
1093 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1094 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1095 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1096 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1097 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1098 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1099 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1100 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1103 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1104 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1106 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1107 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1108 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1109 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1111 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1113 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1114 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1115 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1116 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1117 phase88, mediastation
1118 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1119 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1120 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1122 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1123 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1126 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1127 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1128 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1129 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1135 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1136 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1137 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1138 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1140 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1141 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1142 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1145 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1146 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1LT
1147 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1149 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1150 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1151 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1156 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1157 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1158 prodigy192, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192,
1159 k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300, av710
1161 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1163 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1164 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1165 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1166 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1172 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1174 This module supports multiple cards.
1175 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1180 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1182 This module supports multiple cards.
1183 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1188 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1190 This module supports multiple cards.
1191 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1196 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1197 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1198 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ESB2
1199 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1200 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1202 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1205 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1206 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1207 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1208 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1209 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1211 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1212 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1214 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1215 from the controller chip
1216 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1218 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1220 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1221 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1222 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1224 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1225 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1226 modules, respectively.
1228 The power-management is supported.
1230 Module snd-intel8x0m
1231 --------------------
1233 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1234 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1236 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1237 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1241 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1243 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1245 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1248 The power-management is supported.
1250 Module snd-interwave
1251 --------------------
1253 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1254 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1256 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1257 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1258 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1259 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1260 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1261 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1262 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1263 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1266 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1268 Module snd-interwave-stb
1269 ------------------------
1271 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1272 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1273 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1275 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1276 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1277 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1278 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1279 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1280 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1281 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1282 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1283 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1286 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1291 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1293 This module supports multiple cards.
1298 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1300 This module supports multiple cards.
1301 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1306 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1308 This module supports multiple cards.
1309 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1314 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1316 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1317 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1318 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1321 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1323 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1324 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1325 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1326 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1329 The power-management is supported.
1334 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1336 This module supports multiple cards.
1337 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1342 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1344 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1346 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1347 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1348 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1349 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1350 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1351 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1352 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1353 wss - enable WSS mode
1354 ide - enable onboard ide support
1359 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1361 This module supports multiple cards.
1362 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1363 See MIXART.txt for details.
1365 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1366 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1367 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1368 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1369 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1374 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1376 This module supports multiple cards.
1377 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1382 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1384 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1385 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1386 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1387 uart_enter - Issue UART_ENTER command at open - bool, default = on
1389 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1394 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1397 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1398 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1399 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1401 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1406 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1408 This module supports multiple devices.
1409 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1414 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1416 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1417 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1418 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1419 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1420 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1421 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1422 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1423 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1426 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1428 The power-management is supported.
1430 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1431 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1432 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1433 the buffer_top option.
1435 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1436 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1437 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1438 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1439 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1442 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1443 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1444 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1445 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1446 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1447 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1448 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1450 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1451 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1452 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1453 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1455 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1456 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1457 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1458 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1460 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1461 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1462 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1463 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1464 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1465 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1471 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1473 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1474 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1475 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1476 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1477 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1478 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1479 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1480 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1481 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1483 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1484 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1486 The power-management is supported.
1488 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1489 -------------------------
1491 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1492 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1494 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1495 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1496 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1497 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1498 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1499 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1501 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1503 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1504 -------------------------
1506 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1508 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1509 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1510 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1511 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1512 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1513 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1514 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1516 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1521 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1523 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1524 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1525 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1526 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1527 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1528 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1529 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1531 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1536 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1538 This module supports multiple cards.
1540 Module snd-portman2x4
1541 ---------------------
1543 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1545 This module supports multiple cards.
1547 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1548 ---------------------------------
1550 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1552 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1554 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1556 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1558 The power-management is supported.
1560 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1561 ------------------------------------
1563 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1565 For ARM architecture only.
1567 The power-management is supported.
1572 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1574 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1575 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1576 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1578 This module supports multiple cards.
1579 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1580 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1581 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1586 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1587 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1589 This module supports multiple cards.
1594 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1596 This module supports multiple cards.
1601 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1603 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1606 This module supports multiple cards.
1608 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1609 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1610 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1611 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1612 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1615 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1616 ---------------------------------------
1618 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1620 Module supports only one card.
1621 Module has no enable and index options.
1623 The power-management is supported.
1628 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1632 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1633 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1634 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1636 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1638 The power-management is supported.
1640 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1641 -----------------------------
1643 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1644 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1645 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1647 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1648 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1649 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1650 (snd-sbawe module only)
1651 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1652 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1653 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1654 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1655 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1656 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1658 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1660 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1661 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1662 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1663 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1666 The power-management is supported.
1671 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1673 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1674 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1675 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1678 This module supports multiple cards.
1680 The power-management is supported.
1685 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1687 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1688 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1689 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1690 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1692 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1693 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1696 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1697 --------------------------------------
1699 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1701 This module supports multiple cards.
1703 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1704 -------------------------------------
1706 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1708 This module supports multiple cards.
1710 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1711 -----------------------------------
1713 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1715 This module supports multiple cards.
1717 Module snd-wavefront
1718 --------------------
1720 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1722 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1723 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1724 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1725 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1726 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1727 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1728 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1729 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1730 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1731 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1732 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1733 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1735 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1736 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1737 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1738 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1739 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1740 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1741 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1742 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1743 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1744 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1745 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1747 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1748 based on my limited experimentation.
1749 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1750 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1751 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1752 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1754 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1755 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1756 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1758 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1760 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1761 (default:wavefront.os)
1762 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1763 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1764 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1766 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1768 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1770 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1773 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1775 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1776 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1777 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1778 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1779 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1781 Module snd-sonicvibes
1782 ---------------------
1784 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1785 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1787 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1788 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1789 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1791 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1793 Module snd-serial-u16550
1794 ------------------------
1796 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1798 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1799 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1800 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1802 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1804 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1806 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1807 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1808 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1810 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1811 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1816 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1817 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1819 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1822 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1823 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1824 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1826 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1827 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1829 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1831 The power-management is supported.
1833 Module snd-usb-audio
1834 --------------------
1836 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1838 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1839 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1840 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1841 - Influence depends on the device
1844 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1846 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1847 --------------------
1849 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1850 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1851 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1852 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1853 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1855 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1857 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1858 --------------------
1860 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1862 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1864 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1865 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1870 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1871 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1873 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1875 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1876 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1877 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1878 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1879 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1880 rate and different sample rates on different
1882 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1883 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1884 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1886 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1888 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1889 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1890 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1891 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1892 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1894 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1895 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1896 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1897 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1899 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1900 except for the known devices since the output is often
1901 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1903 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1904 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1905 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1907 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1908 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1909 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1910 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1911 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1912 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1913 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1914 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1915 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1918 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1919 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1921 The power-management is supported.
1923 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1924 ------------------------
1926 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1928 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1930 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1932 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1935 The power-management is supported.
1940 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1941 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1942 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1944 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1946 This module supports multiple cards.
1951 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1953 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1954 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1956 This module supports multiple cards.
1958 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1959 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1960 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1961 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1962 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1963 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1965 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1967 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1968 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1969 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1970 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1971 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1972 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1973 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1975 The power-management is supported.
1980 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1982 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1984 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1985 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1987 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1988 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1989 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1990 longer require a config file.
1992 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1993 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1994 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1995 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1996 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1998 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2000 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2003 The power-management is supported.
2008 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2010 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2011 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2012 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2013 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2014 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2016 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2018 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2020 The power-management is supported.
2022 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2023 --------------------
2025 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2027 The power-management is supported.
2033 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2034 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2035 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2036 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2037 specifications from version to version :-)
2039 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2040 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2041 the proper value with this option.
2043 The following strings are accepted:
2044 - default Don't override the default setting
2045 - none Disable the quirk
2046 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2047 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2048 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2049 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2050 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2051 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2052 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2054 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2055 ... are accepted, too.
2057 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2058 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2061 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2062 ============================
2064 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2065 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2066 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2067 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2068 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2070 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2071 will be not built in.
2074 Module Autoloading Support
2075 ==========================
2077 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2078 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2079 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2081 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2082 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2083 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2084 as the same card module.
2086 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2087 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2088 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2089 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2090 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2092 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2093 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2094 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2095 sound cards in that option.
2097 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2098 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2099 cards is kept consistent.
2101 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2103 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2105 options snd cards_limit=2
2106 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2107 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2108 options snd-interwave index=0
2109 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2111 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2112 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2113 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2115 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2116 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2119 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2120 =======================================
2122 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2123 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2124 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2125 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2126 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2127 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2128 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2129 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2130 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2132 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2133 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2134 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2135 playback, respectively.
2137 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2138 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2141 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2142 ==============================
2144 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2145 -------------------------------
2146 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2147 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2149 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2150 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2151 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2152 <options> - optional parameters
2153 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2154 this channel but does not want to use it.
2155 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2156 It's good for Quake etc...
2157 - direct don't use plugins
2158 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2159 - non-block force non-block mode
2160 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2162 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2163 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2164 instead of filled blocks
2166 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2167 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2168 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2171 Early Buffer Allocation
2172 =======================
2174 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2175 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2176 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2177 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2178 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2179 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2181 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2182 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2183 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2185 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2187 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2188 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2189 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2190 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2191 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2192 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2193 than 0. The max number is 4.
2197 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2204 ALSA project homepage
2205 http://www.alsa-project.org
2207 ALSA Bug Tracking System
2208 https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/bugs/
2211 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
git.samba.org / sfrench / cifs-2.6.git / blob