5 * Ethereal - Network traffic analyzer
6 * By Gerald Combs <gerald@ethereal.com>
7 * Copyright 1998 Gerald Combs
9 * Text-mode variant, by Gilbert Ramirez <gram@alumni.rice.edu>
10 * and Guy Harris <guy@alum.mit.edu>.
12 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
13 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
14 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
15 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
20 * GNU General Public License for more details.
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
23 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
24 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
55 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
56 # include <sys/stat.h>
59 #ifdef NEED_SNPRINTF_H
60 # include "snprintf.h"
63 #ifdef NEED_STRERROR_H
71 #include "svnversion.h"
74 #include <epan/epan.h>
75 #include <epan/filesystem.h>
78 #include <epan/timestamp.h>
79 #include <epan/packet.h>
81 #include "disabled_protos.h"
82 #include <epan/prefs.h>
83 #include <epan/column.h>
85 #include <epan/addr_resolv.h>
87 #include "clopts_common.h"
88 #include "version_info.h"
89 #include <epan/conversation.h>
90 #include <epan/plugins.h>
92 #include "conditions.h"
93 #include "capture_stop_conditions.h"
94 #include "ringbuffer.h"
95 #include "capture_ui_utils.h"
96 #include <epan/epan_dissect.h>
98 #include <epan/timestamp.h>
102 #include "pcap-util.h"
103 #include <wiretap/wtap-capture.h>
104 #include <wiretap/libpcap.h>
106 #include "capture-wpcap.h"
113 * This is the template for the decode as option; it is shared between the
114 * various functions that output the usage for this parameter.
116 static const gchar decode_as_arg_template[] = "<layer_type>==<selector>,<decode_as_protocol>";
118 static guint32 firstsec, firstusec;
119 static guint32 prevsec, prevusec;
120 static GString *comp_info_str, *runtime_info_str;
122 static gboolean print_packet_info; /* TRUE if we're to print packet information */
124 * The way the packet decode is to be written.
127 WRITE_TEXT, /* summary or detail text */
128 WRITE_XML /* PDML or PSML */
129 /* Add CSV and the like here */
131 static output_action_e output_action;
132 static gboolean do_dissection; /* TRUE if we have to dissect each packet */
133 static gboolean verbose;
134 static gboolean print_hex;
135 static gboolean line_buffered;
136 static guint32 cum_bytes = 0;
137 static print_format_e print_format = PR_FMT_TEXT;
138 static print_stream_t *print_stream;
142 * TRUE if we're to print packet counts to keep track of captured packets.
144 static gboolean print_packet_counts;
146 typedef struct _loop_data {
147 gboolean go; /* TRUE as long as we're supposed to keep capturing */
149 gboolean from_pipe; /* TRUE if we are capturing data from a pipe */
151 char *save_file; /* Name of file to which we're writing */
154 gboolean output_to_pipe;
157 gboolean modified; /* TRUE if data in the pipe uses modified pcap headers */
158 gboolean byte_swapped; /* TRUE if data in the pipe is byte swapped */
159 unsigned int bytes_to_read, bytes_read; /* Used by pipe_dispatch */
161 STATE_EXPECT_REC_HDR, STATE_READ_REC_HDR,
162 STATE_EXPECT_DATA, STATE_READ_DATA
164 enum { PIPOK, PIPEOF, PIPERR, PIPNEXIST } pipe_err;
171 static capture_options capture_opts;
175 static gboolean infodelay; /* if TRUE, don't print capture info in SIGINFO handler */
176 static gboolean infoprint; /* if TRUE, print capture info after clearing infodelay */
178 #endif /* HAVE_LIBPCAP */
181 static int capture(char *, int);
182 static void capture_pcap_cb(guchar *, const struct pcap_pkthdr *,
184 static void report_counts(void);
186 static BOOL WINAPI capture_cleanup(DWORD);
188 static void capture_cleanup(int);
190 static void report_counts_siginfo(int);
193 #endif /* HAVE_LIBPCAP */
195 static int load_cap_file(capture_file *, char *, int);
196 static gboolean process_packet(capture_file *cf, wtap_dumper *pdh, long offset,
197 const struct wtap_pkthdr *whdr, union wtap_pseudo_header *pseudo_header,
198 const guchar *pd, int *err);
199 static void show_capture_file_io_error(const char *, int, gboolean);
200 static void show_print_file_io_error(int err);
201 static gboolean write_preamble(capture_file *cf);
202 static gboolean print_packet(capture_file *cf, epan_dissect_t *edt);
203 static gboolean write_finale(void);
204 static char *cf_open_error_message(int err, gchar *err_info,
205 gboolean for_writing, int file_type);
208 static void adjust_header(loop_data *, struct pcap_hdr *, struct pcaprec_hdr *);
209 static int pipe_open_live(char *, struct pcap_hdr *, loop_data *, char *, int);
210 static int pipe_dispatch(int, loop_data *, struct pcap_hdr *, \
211 struct pcaprec_modified_hdr *, guchar *, char *, int);
215 static void open_failure_message(const char *filename, int err,
216 gboolean for_writing);
217 static void failure_message(const char *msg_format, va_list ap);
218 static void read_failure_message(const char *filename, int err);
224 print_usage(gboolean print_ver)
231 fprintf(output, "This is GNU t" PACKAGE " " VERSION
235 "\n (C) 1998-2004 Gerald Combs <gerald@ethereal.com>"
238 comp_info_str->str, runtime_info_str->str);
243 fprintf(output, "\nt%s [ -vh ] [ -DlLnpqSVx ] [ -a <capture autostop condition> ] ...\n",
245 fprintf(output, "\t[ -b <number of ring buffer files>[:<duration>] ] [ -c <count> ]\n");
246 fprintf(output, "\t[ -d %s ] ...\n", decode_as_arg_template);
247 fprintf(output, "\t[ -f <capture filter> ] [ -F <output file type> ] [ -i <interface> ]\n");
248 fprintf(output, "\t[ -N <resolving> ] [ -o <preference setting> ] ... [ -r <infile> ]\n");
249 fprintf(output, "\t[ -R <read filter> ] [ -s <snaplen> ] [ -t <time stamp format> ]\n");
250 fprintf(output, "\t[ -T pdml|ps|psml|text ] [ -w <savefile> ] [ -y <link type> ]\n");
251 fprintf(output, "\t[ -z <statistics string> ]\n");
253 fprintf(output, "\nt%s [ -vh ] [ -lnVx ]\n", PACKAGE);
254 fprintf(output, "\t[ -d %s ] ...\n", decode_as_arg_template);
255 fprintf(output, "\t[ -F <output file type> ] [ -N <resolving> ]\n");
256 fprintf(output, "\t[ -o <preference setting> ] ... [ -r <infile> ] [ -R <read filter> ]\n");
257 fprintf(output, "\t[ -t <time stamp format> ] [ -T pdml|ps|psml|text ] [ -w <savefile> ]\n");
258 fprintf(output, "\t[ -z <statistics string> ]\n");
260 fprintf(output, "Valid file type arguments to the \"-F\" flag:\n");
261 for (i = 0; i < WTAP_NUM_FILE_TYPES; i++) {
262 if (wtap_dump_can_open(i))
263 fprintf(output, "\t%s - %s\n",
264 wtap_file_type_short_string(i), wtap_file_type_string(i));
266 fprintf(output, "\tdefault is libpcap\n");
269 /* structure to keep track of what tap listeners have been registered.
271 typedef struct _ethereal_tap_list {
272 struct _ethereal_tap_list *next;
274 void (*func)(char *arg);
276 static ethereal_tap_list *tap_list=NULL;
279 register_ethereal_tap(char *cmd, void (*func)(char *arg))
281 ethereal_tap_list *newtl;
283 newtl=malloc(sizeof(ethereal_tap_list));
284 newtl->next=tap_list;
292 * For a dissector table, print on the stream described by output,
293 * its short name (which is what's used in the "-d" option) and its
297 display_dissector_table_names(char *table_name, char *ui_name, gpointer output)
299 fprintf((FILE *)output, "\t%s (%s)\n", table_name, ui_name);
303 * For a dissector handle, print on the stream described by output,
304 * the filter name (which is what's used in the "-d" option) and the full
305 * name for the protocol that corresponds to this handle.
308 display_dissector_names(gchar *table _U_, gpointer handle, gpointer output)
311 const gchar* proto_filter_name;
312 const gchar* proto_ui_name;
314 proto_id = dissector_handle_get_protocol_index((dissector_handle_t)handle);
316 if (proto_id != -1) {
317 proto_filter_name = proto_get_protocol_filter_name(proto_id);
318 proto_ui_name = proto_get_protocol_name(proto_id);
319 g_assert(proto_filter_name != NULL);
320 g_assert(proto_ui_name != NULL);
322 fprintf((FILE *)output, "\t%s (%s)\n",
329 * The protocol_name_search structure is used by find_protocol_name_func()
330 * to pass parameters and store results
332 struct protocol_name_search{
333 gchar *searched_name; /* Protocol filter name we are looking for */
334 dissector_handle_t matched_handle; /* Handle for a dissector whose protocol has the specified filter name */
335 guint nb_match; /* How many dissectors matched searched_name */
337 typedef struct protocol_name_search *protocol_name_search_t;
340 * This function parses all dissectors associated with a table to find the
341 * one whose protocol has the specified filter name. It is called
342 * as a reference function in a call to dissector_table_foreach_handle.
343 * The name we are looking for, as well as the results, are stored in the
344 * protocol_name_search struct pointed to by user_data.
345 * If called using dissector_table_foreach_handle, we actually parse the
346 * whole list of dissectors.
349 find_protocol_name_func(gchar *table _U_, gpointer handle, gpointer user_data)
353 const gchar *protocol_filter_name;
354 protocol_name_search_t search_info;
358 search_info = (protocol_name_search_t)user_data;
360 proto_id = dissector_handle_get_protocol_index((dissector_handle_t)handle);
361 if (proto_id != -1) {
362 protocol_filter_name = proto_get_protocol_filter_name(proto_id);
363 g_assert(protocol_filter_name != NULL);
364 if (strcmp(protocol_filter_name, search_info->searched_name) == 0) {
366 if (search_info->nb_match == 0) {
367 /* Record this handle only if this is the first match */
368 search_info->matched_handle = (dissector_handle_t)handle; /* Record the handle for this matching dissector */
370 search_info->nb_match++;
376 * Print all layer type names supported.
377 * We send the output to the stream described by the handle output.
381 fprint_all_layer_types(FILE *output)
384 dissector_all_tables_foreach_table(display_dissector_table_names, (gpointer)output);
388 * Print all protocol names supported for a specific layer type.
389 * table_name contains the layer type name in which the search is performed.
390 * We send the output to the stream described by the handle output.
394 fprint_all_protocols_for_layer_types(FILE *output, gchar *table_name)
397 dissector_table_foreach_handle(table_name,
398 display_dissector_names,
403 * The function below parses the command-line parameters for the decode as
404 * feature (a string pointer by cl_param).
405 * It checks the format of the command-line, searches for a matching table
406 * and dissector. If a table/dissector match is not found, we display a
407 * summary of the available tables/dissectors (on stderr) and return FALSE.
408 * If everything is fine, we get the "Decode as" preference activated,
409 * then we return TRUE.
412 add_decode_as(const gchar *cl_param)
416 gchar *decoded_param;
417 gchar *remaining_param;
419 gchar *dissector_str;
420 dissector_handle_t dissector_matching;
421 dissector_table_t table_matching;
422 ftenum_t dissector_table_selector_type;
423 struct protocol_name_search user_protocol_name;
425 /* The following code will allocate and copy the command-line options in a string pointed by decoded_param */
428 decoded_param = g_malloc( sizeof(gchar) * (strlen(cl_param) + 1) ); /* Allocate enough space to have a working copy of the command-line parameter */
429 g_assert(decoded_param);
430 strcpy(decoded_param, cl_param);
433 /* The lines below will parse this string (modifying it) to extract all
434 necessary information. Note that decoded_param is still needed since
435 strings are not copied - we just save pointers. */
437 /* This section extracts a layer type (table_name) from decoded_param */
438 table_name = decoded_param; /* Layer type string starts from beginning */
440 remaining_param = strchr(table_name, '=');
441 if (remaining_param == NULL) {
442 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Parameter \"%s\" doesn't follow the template \"%s\"\n", cl_param, decode_as_arg_template);
443 /* If the argument does not follow the template, carry on anyway to check
444 if the table name is at least correct. If remaining_param is NULL,
445 we'll exit anyway further down */
448 *remaining_param = '\0'; /* Terminate the layer type string (table_name) where '=' was detected */
451 /* Remove leading and trailing spaces from the table name */
452 while ( table_name[0] == ' ' )
454 while ( table_name[strlen(table_name) - 1] == ' ' )
455 table_name[strlen(table_name) - 1] = '\0'; /* Note: if empty string, while loop will eventually exit */
457 /* The following part searches a table matching with the layer type specified */
458 table_matching = NULL;
460 /* Look for the requested table */
461 if ( !(*(table_name)) ) { /* Is the table name empty, if so, don't even search for anything, display a message */
462 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: No layer type specified\n"); /* Note, we don't exit here, but table_matching will remain NULL, so we exit below */
465 table_matching = find_dissector_table(table_name);
466 if (!table_matching) {
467 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Unknown layer type -- %s\n", table_name); /* Note, we don't exit here, but table_matching will remain NULL, so we exit below */
471 if (!table_matching) {
472 /* Display a list of supported layer types to help the user, if the
473 specified layer type was not found */
474 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Valid layer types are:\n");
475 fprint_all_layer_types(stderr);
477 if (remaining_param == NULL || !table_matching) {
478 /* Exit if the layer type was not found, or if no '=' separator was found
480 g_free(decoded_param);
484 if (*(remaining_param + 1) != '=') { /* Check for "==" and not only '=' */
485 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: WARNING: -d requires \"==\" instead of \"=\". Option will be treated as \"%s==%s\"\n", table_name, remaining_param + 1);
488 remaining_param++; /* Move to the second '=' */
489 *remaining_param = '\0'; /* Remove the second '=' */
491 remaining_param++; /* Position after the layer type string */
493 /* This section extracts a selector value (selector_str) from decoded_param */
495 selector_str = remaining_param; /* Next part starts with the selector number */
497 remaining_param = strchr(selector_str, ',');
498 if (remaining_param == NULL) {
499 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Parameter \"%s\" doesn't follow the template \"%s\"\n", cl_param, decode_as_arg_template);
500 /* If the argument does not follow the template, carry on anyway to check
501 if the selector value is at least correct. If remaining_param is NULL,
502 we'll exit anyway further down */
505 *remaining_param = '\0'; /* Terminate the selector number string (selector_str) where ',' was detected */
508 dissector_table_selector_type = get_dissector_table_selector_type(table_name);
510 switch (dissector_table_selector_type) {
516 /* The selector for this table is an unsigned number. Parse it as such.
517 There's no need to remove leading and trailing spaces from the
518 selector number string, because sscanf will do that for us. */
519 if ( sscanf(selector_str, "%u", &selector) != 1 ) {
520 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Invalid selector number \"%s\"\n", selector_str);
521 g_free(decoded_param);
528 /* The selector for this table is a string. */
532 /* There are currently no dissector tables with any types other
533 than the ones listed above. */
534 g_assert_not_reached();
537 if (remaining_param == NULL) {
538 /* Exit if no ',' separator was found (see above) */
539 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Valid protocols for layer type \"%s\" are:\n", table_name);
540 fprint_all_protocols_for_layer_types(stderr, table_name);
541 g_free(decoded_param);
545 remaining_param++; /* Position after the selector number string */
547 /* This section extracts a protocol filter name (dissector_str) from decoded_param */
549 dissector_str = remaining_param; /* All the rest of the string is the dissector (decode as protocol) name */
551 /* Remove leading and trailing spaces from the dissector name */
552 while ( dissector_str[0] == ' ' )
554 while ( dissector_str[strlen(dissector_str) - 1] == ' ' )
555 dissector_str[strlen(dissector_str) - 1] = '\0'; /* Note: if empty string, while loop will eventually exit */
557 dissector_matching = NULL;
559 /* We now have a pointer to the handle for the requested table inside the variable table_matching */
560 if ( ! (*dissector_str) ) { /* Is the dissector name empty, if so, don't even search for a matching dissector and display all dissectors found for the selected table */
561 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: No protocol name specified\n"); /* Note, we don't exit here, but dissector_matching will remain NULL, so we exit below */
564 user_protocol_name.nb_match = 0;
565 user_protocol_name.searched_name = dissector_str;
566 user_protocol_name.matched_handle = NULL;
568 dissector_table_foreach_handle(table_name, find_protocol_name_func, &user_protocol_name); /* Go and perform the search for this dissector in the this table's dissectors' names and shortnames */
570 if (user_protocol_name.nb_match != 0) {
571 dissector_matching = user_protocol_name.matched_handle;
572 if (user_protocol_name.nb_match > 1) {
573 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: WARNING: Protocol \"%s\" matched %u dissectors, first one will be used\n", dissector_str, user_protocol_name.nb_match);
577 /* OK, check whether the problem is that there isn't any such
578 protocol, or that there is but it's not specified as a protocol
579 that's valid for that dissector table.
580 Note, we don't exit here, but dissector_matching will remain NULL,
582 if (proto_get_id_by_filter_name(dissector_str) == -1) {
583 /* No such protocol */
584 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Unknown protocol -- \"%s\"\n", dissector_str);
586 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Protocol \"%s\" isn't valid for layer type \"%s\"\n",
587 dissector_str, table_name);
592 if (!dissector_matching) {
593 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Valid protocols for layer type \"%s\" are:\n", table_name);
594 fprint_all_protocols_for_layer_types(stderr, table_name);
595 g_free(decoded_param);
599 /* This is the end of the code that parses the command-line options.
600 All information is now stored in the variables:
604 The above variables that are strings are still pointing to areas within
605 decoded_parm. decoded_parm thus still needs to be kept allocated in
606 until we stop needing these variables
607 decoded_param will be deallocated at each exit point of this function */
610 /* We now have a pointer to the handle for the requested dissector
611 (requested protocol) inside the variable dissector_matching */
612 switch (dissector_table_selector_type) {
618 /* The selector for this table is an unsigned number. */
619 dissector_change(table_name, selector, dissector_matching);
624 /* The selector for this table is a string. */
625 dissector_change_string(table_name, selector_str, dissector_matching);
629 /* There are currently no dissector tables with any types other
630 than the ones listed above. */
631 g_assert_not_reached();
633 g_free(decoded_param); /* "Decode As" rule has been succesfully added */
638 main(int argc, char *argv[])
642 gboolean arg_error = FALSE;
648 char *gpf_path, *pf_path;
649 char *gdp_path, *dp_path;
650 int gpf_open_errno, gpf_read_errno;
651 int pf_open_errno, pf_read_errno;
652 int gdp_open_errno, gdp_read_errno;
653 int dp_open_errno, dp_read_errno;
656 gboolean capture_filter_specified = FALSE;
657 GList *if_list, *if_entry;
661 gchar err_str[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
662 gchar *cant_get_if_list_errstr;
663 gboolean list_link_layer_types = FALSE;
665 gboolean capture_option_specified = FALSE;
667 gboolean quiet = FALSE;
668 gchar *save_file = NULL;
669 int out_file_type = WTAP_FILE_PCAP;
670 gchar *cf_name = NULL, *rfilter = NULL;
672 gboolean start_capture = FALSE;
674 GList *lt_list, *lt_entry;
675 data_link_info_t *data_link_info;
677 #ifdef HAVE_PCAP_OPEN_DEAD
678 struct bpf_program fcode;
680 dfilter_t *rfcode = NULL;
683 ethereal_tap_list *tli = NULL;
684 guint8* tli_optarg = NULL;
687 capture_opts_init(&capture_opts, NULL /* cfile */);
690 set_timestamp_setting(TS_RELATIVE);
692 /* Register all dissectors; we must do this before checking for the
693 "-G" flag, as the "-G" flag dumps information registered by the
694 dissectors, and we must do it before we read the preferences, in
695 case any dissectors register preferences. */
696 epan_init(PLUGIN_DIR,register_all_protocols,register_all_protocol_handoffs,
697 failure_message,open_failure_message,read_failure_message);
699 /* Register all tap listeners; we do this before we parse the arguments,
700 as the "-z" argument can specify a registered tap. */
702 /* we register the plugin taps before the other taps because
703 stats_tree taps plugins will be registered as tap listeners
704 by stats_tree_stat.c and need to registered before that */
705 register_all_plugin_tap_listeners();
706 register_all_tap_listeners();
708 /* Now register the preferences for any non-dissector modules.
709 We must do that before we read the preferences as well. */
710 prefs_register_modules();
712 /* If invoked with the "-G" flag, we dump out information based on
713 the argument to the "-G" flag; if no argument is specified,
714 for backwards compatibility we dump out a glossary of display
717 We do this here to mirror what happens in the GTK+ version, although
718 it's not necessary here. */
719 handle_dashG_option(argc, argv, "tethereal");
721 /* Set the C-language locale to the native environment. */
722 setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
724 prefs = read_prefs(&gpf_open_errno, &gpf_read_errno, &gpf_path,
725 &pf_open_errno, &pf_read_errno, &pf_path);
726 if (gpf_path != NULL) {
727 if (gpf_open_errno != 0) {
728 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open global preferences file \"%s\": %s.\n",
729 pf_path, strerror(gpf_open_errno));
731 if (gpf_read_errno != 0) {
732 fprintf(stderr, "I/O error reading global preferences file \"%s\": %s.\n",
733 pf_path, strerror(gpf_read_errno));
736 if (pf_path != NULL) {
737 if (pf_open_errno != 0) {
738 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open your preferences file \"%s\": %s.\n", pf_path,
739 strerror(pf_open_errno));
741 if (pf_read_errno != 0) {
742 fprintf(stderr, "I/O error reading your preferences file \"%s\": %s.\n",
743 pf_path, strerror(pf_read_errno));
749 /* Set the name resolution code's flags from the preferences. */
750 g_resolv_flags = prefs->name_resolve;
752 /* Read the disabled protocols file. */
753 read_disabled_protos_list(&gdp_path, &gdp_open_errno, &gdp_read_errno,
754 &dp_path, &dp_open_errno, &dp_read_errno);
755 if (gdp_path != NULL) {
756 if (gdp_open_errno != 0) {
758 "Could not open global disabled protocols file\n\"%s\": %s.\n",
759 gdp_path, strerror(gdp_open_errno));
761 if (gdp_read_errno != 0) {
763 "I/O error reading global disabled protocols file\n\"%s\": %s.\n",
764 gdp_path, strerror(gdp_read_errno));
768 if (dp_path != NULL) {
769 if (dp_open_errno != 0) {
771 "Could not open your disabled protocols file\n\"%s\": %s.\n", dp_path,
772 strerror(dp_open_errno));
774 if (dp_read_errno != 0) {
776 "I/O error reading your disabled protocols file\n\"%s\": %s.\n", dp_path,
777 strerror(dp_read_errno));
783 /* Load Wpcap, if possible */
787 init_cap_file(&cfile);
789 /* Assemble the compile-time version information string */
790 comp_info_str = g_string_new("Compiled ");
791 get_compiled_version_info(comp_info_str);
793 /* Assemble the run-time version information string */
794 runtime_info_str = g_string_new("Running ");
795 get_runtime_version_info(runtime_info_str);
797 /* Print format defaults to this. */
798 print_format = PR_FMT_TEXT;
800 /* Now get our args */
801 while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "a:b:c:d:Df:F:hi:lLnN:o:pqr:R:s:St:T:vw:Vxy:z:")) != -1) {
803 case 'a': /* autostop criteria */
804 case 'b': /* Ringbuffer option */
805 case 'c': /* Capture xxx packets */
806 case 'f': /* capture filter */
807 case 'p': /* Don't capture in promiscuous mode */
808 case 's': /* Set the snapshot (capture) length */
809 case 'y': /* Set the pcap data link type */
811 capture_opts_add_opt(&capture_opts, "tethereal", opt, optarg, &start_capture);
813 capture_option_specified = TRUE;
817 case 'd': /* Decode as rule */
818 if (!add_decode_as(optarg))
821 case 'D': /* Print a list of capture devices */
823 if_list = get_interface_list(&err, err_str);
824 if (if_list == NULL) {
827 case CANT_GET_INTERFACE_LIST:
828 cant_get_if_list_errstr =
829 cant_get_if_list_error_message(err_str);
830 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", cant_get_if_list_errstr);
831 g_free(cant_get_if_list_errstr);
834 case NO_INTERFACES_FOUND:
835 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: There are no interfaces on which a capture can be done\n");
840 i = 1; /* Interface id number */
841 for (if_entry = g_list_first(if_list); if_entry != NULL;
842 if_entry = g_list_next(if_entry)) {
843 if_info = if_entry->data;
844 printf("%d. %s", i++, if_info->name);
845 if (if_info->description != NULL)
846 printf(" (%s)", if_info->description);
849 free_interface_list(if_list);
852 capture_option_specified = TRUE;
857 out_file_type = wtap_short_string_to_file_type(optarg);
858 if (out_file_type < 0) {
859 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: \"%s\" isn't a valid capture file type\n",
864 case 'h': /* Print help and exit */
868 case 'i': /* Use interface xxx */
871 * If the argument is a number, treat it as an index into the list
872 * of adapters, as printed by "tethereal -D".
874 * This should be OK on UNIX systems, as interfaces shouldn't have
875 * names that begin with digits. It can be useful on Windows, where
876 * more than one interface can have the same name.
878 adapter_index = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
879 if (p != NULL && *p == '\0') {
880 if (adapter_index < 0) {
882 "tethereal: The specified adapter index is a negative number\n");
885 if (adapter_index > INT_MAX) {
887 "tethereal: The specified adapter index is too large (greater than %d)\n",
891 if (adapter_index == 0) {
892 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: there is no interface with that adapter index\n");
895 if_list = get_interface_list(&err, err_str);
896 if (if_list == NULL) {
899 case CANT_GET_INTERFACE_LIST:
900 cant_get_if_list_errstr =
901 cant_get_if_list_error_message(err_str);
902 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", cant_get_if_list_errstr);
903 g_free(cant_get_if_list_errstr);
906 case NO_INTERFACES_FOUND:
907 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: There are no interfaces on which a capture can be done\n");
912 if_info = g_list_nth_data(if_list, adapter_index - 1);
913 if (if_info == NULL) {
914 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: there is no interface with that adapter index\n");
917 capture_opts.iface = g_strdup(if_info->name);
918 free_interface_list(if_list);
920 capture_opts.iface = g_strdup(optarg);
922 capture_option_specified = TRUE;
926 case 'l': /* "Line-buffer" standard output */
927 /* This isn't line-buffering, strictly speaking, it's just
928 flushing the standard output after the information for
929 each packet is printed; however, that should be good
930 enough for all the purposes to which "-l" is put (and
931 is probably actually better for "-V", as it does fewer
934 See the comment in "process_packet()" for an explanation of
935 why we do that, and why we don't just use "setvbuf()" to
936 make the standard output line-buffered (short version: in
937 Windows, "line-buffered" is the same as "fully-buffered",
938 and the output buffer is only flushed when it fills up). */
939 line_buffered = TRUE;
941 case 'L': /* Print list of link-layer types and exit */
943 list_link_layer_types = TRUE;
946 capture_option_specified = TRUE;
950 case 'n': /* No name resolution */
951 g_resolv_flags = RESOLV_NONE;
953 case 'N': /* Select what types of addresses/port #s to resolve */
954 if (g_resolv_flags == RESOLV_ALL)
955 g_resolv_flags = RESOLV_NONE;
956 badopt = string_to_name_resolve(optarg, &g_resolv_flags);
957 if (badopt != '\0') {
958 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: -N specifies unknown resolving option '%c'; valid options are 'm', 'n', and 't'\n",
963 case 'o': /* Override preference from command line */
964 switch (prefs_set_pref(optarg)) {
966 case PREFS_SET_SYNTAX_ERR:
967 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Invalid -o flag \"%s\"\n", optarg);
971 case PREFS_SET_NO_SUCH_PREF:
972 case PREFS_SET_OBSOLETE:
973 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: -o flag \"%s\" specifies unknown preference\n",
979 case 'q': /* Quiet */
982 case 'r': /* Read capture file xxx */
983 cf_name = g_strdup(optarg);
985 case 'R': /* Read file filter */
988 case 'S': /* show packets in real time */
989 print_packet_info = TRUE;
991 case 't': /* Time stamp type */
992 if (strcmp(optarg, "r") == 0)
993 set_timestamp_setting(TS_RELATIVE);
994 else if (strcmp(optarg, "a") == 0)
995 set_timestamp_setting(TS_ABSOLUTE);
996 else if (strcmp(optarg, "ad") == 0)
997 set_timestamp_setting(TS_ABSOLUTE_WITH_DATE);
998 else if (strcmp(optarg, "d") == 0)
999 set_timestamp_setting(TS_DELTA);
1001 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Invalid time stamp type \"%s\"\n",
1003 fprintf(stderr, "It must be \"r\" for relative, \"a\" for absolute,\n");
1004 fprintf(stderr, "\"ad\" for absolute with date, or \"d\" for delta.\n");
1008 case 'T': /* printing Type */
1009 if (strcmp(optarg, "text") == 0) {
1010 output_action = WRITE_TEXT;
1011 print_format = PR_FMT_TEXT;
1012 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "ps") == 0) {
1013 output_action = WRITE_TEXT;
1014 print_format = PR_FMT_PS;
1015 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "pdml") == 0) {
1016 output_action = WRITE_XML;
1018 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "psml") == 0) {
1019 output_action = WRITE_XML;
1022 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Invalid -T parameter.\n");
1023 fprintf(stderr, "It must be \"ps\", \"text\", \"pdml\", or \"psml\".\n");
1027 case 'v': /* Show version and exit */
1028 printf("t" PACKAGE " " VERSION
1033 comp_info_str->str, runtime_info_str->str);
1036 case 'w': /* Write to capture file xxx */
1037 save_file = g_strdup(optarg);
1039 case 'V': /* Verbose */
1042 case 'x': /* Print packet data in hex (and ASCII) */
1046 for(tli=tap_list;tli;tli=tli->next){
1047 if(!strncmp(tli->cmd,optarg,strlen(tli->cmd))){
1048 /* we won't call the init function for the tap this soon
1049 as it would disallow mate's fields (which are registered
1050 by the preferences set callback) from being used as
1051 part of a tap filter */
1052 tli_optarg = g_strdup(optarg);
1057 fprintf(stderr,"tethereal: invalid -z argument.\n");
1058 fprintf(stderr," -z argument must be one of :\n");
1059 for(tli=tap_list;tli;tli=tli->next){
1060 fprintf(stderr," %s\n",tli->cmd);
1066 case '?': /* Bad flag - print usage message */
1072 /* If no capture filter or read filter has been specified, and there are
1073 still command-line arguments, treat them as the tokens of a capture
1074 filter (if no "-r" flag was specified) or a read filter (if a "-r"
1075 flag was specified. */
1076 if (optind < argc) {
1077 if (cf_name != NULL) {
1078 if (rfilter != NULL) {
1080 "tethereal: Read filters were specified both with \"-R\" and with additional command-line arguments\n");
1083 rfilter = get_args_as_string(argc, argv, optind);
1086 if (capture_filter_specified) {
1088 "tethereal: Capture filters were specified both with \"-f\" and with additional command-line arguments\n");
1091 capture_opts.cfilter = get_args_as_string(argc, argv, optind);
1093 capture_option_specified = TRUE;
1098 /* See if we're writing a capture file and the file is a pipe */
1100 ld.output_to_pipe = FALSE;
1102 if (save_file != NULL) {
1103 /* We're writing to a capture file. */
1104 if (strcmp(save_file, "-") == 0) {
1105 /* Write to the standard output. */
1107 save_file = g_strdup("");
1109 /* XXX - should we check whether it's a pipe? It's arguably
1110 silly to do "-w - >output_file" rather than "-w output_file",
1111 but by not checking we might be violating the Principle Of
1112 Least Astonishment. */
1113 ld.output_to_pipe = TRUE;
1118 err = test_for_fifo(save_file);
1121 case ENOENT: /* it doesn't exist, so we'll be creating it,
1122 and it won't be a FIFO */
1123 case 0: /* found it, but it's not a FIFO */
1126 case ESPIPE: /* it is a FIFO */
1127 ld.output_to_pipe = TRUE;
1130 default: /* couldn't stat it */
1132 "tethereal: Error testing whether capture file is a pipe: %s\n",
1139 /* We're not writing to a file, so we should print packet information
1140 unless "-q" was specified. */
1142 print_packet_info = TRUE;
1145 #ifndef HAVE_LIBPCAP
1146 if (capture_option_specified)
1147 fprintf(stderr, "This version of Tethereal was not built with support for capturing packets.\n");
1154 /* We don't support capture filters when reading from a capture file
1155 (the BPF compiler doesn't support all link-layer types that we
1156 support in capture files we read). */
1158 if (cf_name != NULL) {
1159 if (capture_filter_specified) {
1161 "tethereal: Only read filters, not capture filters, can be specified when reading a capture file.\n");
1168 if (output_action != WRITE_TEXT) {
1169 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Raw packet hex data can only be printed as text or PostScript\n");
1175 if (list_link_layer_types) {
1176 /* We're supposed to list the link-layer types for an interface;
1177 did the user also specify a capture file to be read? */
1179 /* Yes - that's bogus. */
1180 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: You can't specify -L and a capture file to be read.\n");
1183 /* No - did they specify a ring buffer option? */
1184 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1185 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Ring buffer requested, but a capture isn't being done.\n");
1189 /* If they didn't specify a "-w" flag, but specified a maximum capture
1190 file size, tell them that this doesn't work, and exit. */
1191 if (capture_opts.has_autostop_filesize && save_file == NULL) {
1192 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Maximum capture file size specified, but "
1193 "capture isn't being saved to a file.\n");
1197 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1198 /* Ring buffer works only under certain conditions:
1199 a) ring buffer does not work if you're not saving the capture to
1201 b) ring buffer only works if you're saving in libpcap format;
1202 c) it makes no sense to enable the ring buffer if the maximum
1203 file size is set to "infinite";
1204 d) file must not be a pipe. */
1205 if (save_file == NULL) {
1206 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Ring buffer requested, but "
1207 "capture isn't being saved to a file.\n");
1210 if (out_file_type != WTAP_FILE_PCAP) {
1211 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Ring buffer requested, but "
1212 "capture isn't being saved in libpcap format.\n");
1215 if (!capture_opts.has_autostop_filesize) {
1216 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Ring buffer requested, but "
1217 "no maximum capture file size was specified.\n");
1220 if (ld.output_to_pipe) {
1221 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Ring buffer requested, but "
1222 "capture file is a pipe.\n");
1230 /* Start windows sockets */
1231 WSAStartup( MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ), &wsaData );
1234 /* Notify all registered modules that have had any of their preferences
1235 changed either from one of the preferences file or from the command
1236 line that their preferences have changed. */
1239 /* At this point mate will have registered its field array so we can
1240 have a filter with one of mate's late registered fields as part
1241 of the tap's filter */
1242 if (tli_optarg != NULL) {
1243 (*tli->func)(tli_optarg);
1247 /* disabled protocols as per configuration file */
1248 if (gdp_path == NULL && dp_path == NULL) {
1249 set_disabled_protos_list();
1252 /* Build the column format array */
1253 col_setup(&cfile.cinfo, prefs->num_cols);
1254 for (i = 0; i < cfile.cinfo.num_cols; i++) {
1255 cfile.cinfo.col_fmt[i] = get_column_format(i);
1256 cfile.cinfo.col_title[i] = g_strdup(get_column_title(i));
1257 cfile.cinfo.fmt_matx[i] = (gboolean *) g_malloc0(sizeof(gboolean) *
1259 get_column_format_matches(cfile.cinfo.fmt_matx[i], cfile.cinfo.col_fmt[i]);
1260 cfile.cinfo.col_data[i] = NULL;
1261 if (cfile.cinfo.col_fmt[i] == COL_INFO)
1262 cfile.cinfo.col_buf[i] = (gchar *) g_malloc(sizeof(gchar) * COL_MAX_INFO_LEN);
1264 cfile.cinfo.col_buf[i] = (gchar *) g_malloc(sizeof(gchar) * COL_MAX_LEN);
1265 cfile.cinfo.col_fence[i] = 0;
1266 cfile.cinfo.col_expr[i] = (gchar *) g_malloc(sizeof(gchar) * COL_MAX_LEN);
1267 cfile.cinfo.col_expr_val[i] = (gchar *) g_malloc(sizeof(gchar) * COL_MAX_LEN);
1270 for (i = 0; i < cfile.cinfo.num_cols; i++) {
1273 for (j = 0; j < NUM_COL_FMTS; j++) {
1274 if (!cfile.cinfo.fmt_matx[i][j])
1277 if (cfile.cinfo.col_first[j] == -1)
1278 cfile.cinfo.col_first[j] = i;
1279 cfile.cinfo.col_last[j] = i;
1284 if (capture_opts.snaplen < 1)
1285 capture_opts.snaplen = WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE;
1286 else if (capture_opts.snaplen < MIN_PACKET_SIZE)
1287 capture_opts.snaplen = MIN_PACKET_SIZE;
1289 /* Check the value range of the ring_num_files parameter */
1290 if (capture_opts.ring_num_files > RINGBUFFER_MAX_NUM_FILES)
1291 capture_opts.ring_num_files = RINGBUFFER_MAX_NUM_FILES;
1292 #if RINGBUFFER_MIN_NUM_FILES > 0
1293 else if (capture_opts.ring_num_files < RINGBUFFER_MIN_NUM_FILES)
1294 capture_opts.ring_num_files = RINGBUFFER_MIN_NUM_FILES;
1298 if (rfilter != NULL) {
1299 if (!dfilter_compile(rfilter, &rfcode)) {
1300 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", dfilter_error_msg);
1302 #ifdef HAVE_PCAP_OPEN_DEAD
1306 pc = pcap_open_dead(DLT_EN10MB, MIN_PACKET_SIZE);
1308 if (pcap_compile(pc, &fcode, rfilter, 0, 0) != -1) {
1310 " Note: That display filter code looks like a valid capture filter;\n"
1311 " maybe you mixed them up?\n");
1320 cfile.rfcode = rfcode;
1322 if (print_packet_info) {
1323 /* If we're printing as text or PostScript, we have
1324 to create a print stream. */
1325 if (output_action == WRITE_TEXT) {
1326 switch (print_format) {
1329 print_stream = print_stream_text_stdio_new(stdout);
1333 print_stream = print_stream_ps_stdio_new(stdout);
1337 g_assert_not_reached();
1342 /* We have to dissect each packet if:
1344 we're printing information about each packet;
1346 we're using a read filter on the packets;
1348 we're using any taps. */
1349 do_dissection = print_packet_info || rfcode || have_tap_listeners();
1353 * We're reading a capture file.
1358 * Immediately relinquish any set-UID or set-GID privileges we have;
1359 * we must not be allowed to read any capture files the user running
1360 * Tethereal can't open.
1366 if (cf_open(&cfile, cf_name, FALSE, &err) != CF_OK) {
1370 err = load_cap_file(&cfile, save_file, out_file_type);
1377 /* No capture file specified, so we're supposed to do a live capture
1378 (or get a list of link-layer types for a live capture device);
1379 do we have support for live captures? */
1384 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Could not load wpcap.dll.\n");
1389 /* Yes; did the user specify an interface to use? */
1390 if (capture_opts.iface == NULL) {
1391 /* No - is a default specified in the preferences file? */
1392 if (prefs->capture_device != NULL) {
1394 if_text = strrchr(prefs->capture_device, ' ');
1395 if (if_text == NULL) {
1396 capture_opts.iface = g_strdup(prefs->capture_device);
1398 capture_opts.iface = g_strdup(if_text + 1); /* Skip over space */
1401 /* No - pick the first one from the list of interfaces. */
1402 if_list = get_interface_list(&err, err_str);
1403 if (if_list == NULL) {
1406 case CANT_GET_INTERFACE_LIST:
1407 cant_get_if_list_errstr =
1408 cant_get_if_list_error_message(err_str);
1409 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", cant_get_if_list_errstr);
1410 g_free(cant_get_if_list_errstr);
1413 case NO_INTERFACES_FOUND:
1414 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: There are no interfaces on which a capture can be done\n");
1419 if_info = if_list->data; /* first interface */
1420 capture_opts.iface = g_strdup(if_info->name);
1421 free_interface_list(if_list);
1425 if (list_link_layer_types) {
1426 /* We were asked to list the link-layer types for an interface.
1427 Get the list of link-layer types for the capture device. */
1428 lt_list = get_pcap_linktype_list(capture_opts.iface, err_str);
1429 if (lt_list == NULL) {
1430 if (err_str[0] != '\0') {
1431 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: The list of data link types for the capture device could not be obtained (%s).\n"
1432 "Please check to make sure you have sufficient permissions, and that\n"
1433 "you have the proper interface or pipe specified.\n", err_str);
1435 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: The capture device has no data link types.\n");
1438 fprintf(stderr, "Data link types (use option -y to set):\n");
1439 for (lt_entry = lt_list; lt_entry != NULL;
1440 lt_entry = g_list_next(lt_entry)) {
1441 data_link_info = lt_entry->data;
1442 fprintf(stderr, " %s", data_link_info->name);
1443 if (data_link_info->description != NULL)
1444 fprintf(stderr, " (%s)", data_link_info->description);
1446 fprintf(stderr, " (not supported)");
1449 free_pcap_linktype_list(lt_list);
1455 * The user didn't ask us not to print a count of packets as
1456 * they arrive, so do so.
1458 print_packet_counts = TRUE;
1461 capture(save_file, out_file_type);
1463 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1467 /* No - complain. */
1468 fprintf(stderr, "This version of Tethereal was not built with support for capturing packets.\n");
1473 draw_tap_listeners(TRUE);
1480 /* Do the low-level work of a capture.
1481 Returns TRUE if it succeeds, FALSE otherwise. */
1483 static condition *volatile cnd_ring_timeout = NULL; /* this must be visible in process_packet */
1486 capture(char *save_file, int out_file_type)
1490 gchar open_err_str[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1491 gchar lookup_net_err_str[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1492 bpf_u_int32 netnum, netmask;
1493 struct bpf_program fcode;
1494 const char *set_linktype_err_str;
1496 int volatile volatile_err = 0;
1497 int volatile inpkts = 0;
1499 char errmsg[1024+1];
1500 condition *volatile cnd_stop_capturesize = NULL;
1501 condition *volatile cnd_stop_timeout = NULL;
1504 void (*oldhandler)(int);
1505 static const char ppamsg[] = "can't find PPA for ";
1507 volatile int pipe_fd = -1;
1508 struct pcap_hdr hdr;
1509 struct pcaprec_modified_hdr rechdr;
1510 guchar pcap_data[WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE];
1512 struct pcap_stat stats;
1515 dfilter_t *rfcode = NULL;
1518 /* Initialize all data structures used for dissection. */
1521 ld.linktype = WTAP_ENCAP_UNKNOWN;
1524 /* Open the network interface to capture from it.
1525 Some versions of libpcap may put warnings into the error buffer
1526 if they succeed; to tell if that's happened, we have to clear
1527 the error buffer, and check if it's still a null string. */
1528 open_err_str[0] = '\0';
1529 ld.pch = pcap_open_live(capture_opts.iface, capture_opts.snaplen,
1530 capture_opts.promisc_mode, 1000, open_err_str);
1532 if (ld.pch != NULL) {
1533 /* setting the data link type only works on real interfaces */
1534 if (capture_opts.linktype != -1) {
1535 set_linktype_err_str = set_pcap_linktype(ld.pch, capture_opts.iface,
1536 capture_opts.linktype);
1537 if (set_linktype_err_str != NULL) {
1538 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg, "Unable to set data link type (%s).",
1539 set_linktype_err_str);
1544 /* We couldn't open "cfile.iface" as a network device. */
1546 /* On Windows, we don't support capturing on pipes, so we give up. */
1548 /* On Win32 OSes, the capture devices are probably available to all
1549 users; don't warn about permissions problems.
1551 Do, however, warn that WAN devices aren't supported. */
1552 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg,
1553 "The capture session could not be initiated (%s).\n"
1554 "Please check that you have the proper interface specified.\n"
1556 "Note that the WinPcap 2.x version of the driver Ethereal uses for packet\n"
1557 "capture on Windows doesn't support capturing on PPP/WAN interfaces in\n"
1558 "Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 Server, and that the WinPcap 3.0 and later versions\n"
1559 "don't support capturing on PPP/WAN interfaces at all.\n",
1563 /* try to open cfile.iface as a pipe */
1564 pipe_fd = pipe_open_live(capture_opts.iface, &hdr, &ld, errmsg,
1567 if (pipe_fd == -1) {
1569 if (ld.pipe_err == PIPNEXIST) {
1570 /* Pipe doesn't exist, so output message for interface */
1572 /* If we got a "can't find PPA for XXX" message, warn the user (who
1573 is running Tethereal on HP-UX) that they don't have a version
1574 of libpcap that properly handles HP-UX (libpcap 0.6.x and later
1575 versions, which properly handle HP-UX, say "can't find /dev/dlpi
1576 PPA for XXX" rather than "can't find PPA for XXX"). */
1577 if (strncmp(open_err_str, ppamsg, sizeof ppamsg - 1) == 0)
1580 "You are running Tethereal with a version of the libpcap library\n"
1581 "that doesn't handle HP-UX network devices well; this means that\n"
1582 "Tethereal may not be able to capture packets.\n"
1584 "To fix this, you should install libpcap 0.6.2, or a later version\n"
1585 "of libpcap, rather than libpcap 0.4 or 0.5.x. It is available in\n"
1586 "packaged binary form from the Software Porting And Archive Centre\n"
1587 "for HP-UX; the Centre is at http://hpux.connect.org.uk/ - the page\n"
1588 "at the URL lists a number of mirror sites.";
1591 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg,
1592 "The capture session could not be initiated (%s).\n"
1593 "Please check to make sure you have sufficient permissions, and that\n"
1594 "you have the proper interface or pipe specified.%s", open_err_str,
1598 * Else pipe (or file) does exist and pipe_open_live() has
1603 /* pipe_open_live() succeeded; don't want
1604 error message from pcap_open_live() */
1605 open_err_str[0] = '\0';
1611 * We've opened the capture device, so, if we're set-UID or set-GID,
1612 * relinquish those privileges.
1614 * XXX - if we have saved set-user-ID support, we should give up those
1615 * privileges immediately, and then reclaim them long enough to get
1616 * a list of network interfaces and to open one, and then give them
1617 * up again, so that stuff we do while processing the argument list,
1618 * reading the user's preferences, etc. is done as the real user and
1619 * group, not the effective user and group.
1625 if (capture_opts.cfilter && !ld.from_pipe) {
1626 /* A capture filter was specified; set it up. */
1627 if (pcap_lookupnet(capture_opts.iface, &netnum, &netmask, lookup_net_err_str) < 0) {
1629 * Well, we can't get the netmask for this interface; it's used
1630 * only for filters that check for broadcast IP addresses, so
1631 * we just warn the user, and punt and use 0.
1634 "Warning: Couldn't obtain netmask info (%s).\n", lookup_net_err_str);
1637 if (pcap_compile(ld.pch, &fcode, capture_opts.cfilter, 1, netmask) < 0) {
1638 if (dfilter_compile(capture_opts.cfilter, &rfcode)) {
1639 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg,
1640 "Unable to parse capture filter string (%s).\n"
1641 " Interestingly enough, this looks like a valid display filter\n"
1642 " Are you sure you didn't mix them up?",
1643 pcap_geterr(ld.pch));
1645 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg,
1646 "Unable to parse capture filter string (%s).",
1647 pcap_geterr(ld.pch));
1651 if (pcap_setfilter(ld.pch, &fcode) < 0) {
1652 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg, "Can't install filter (%s).",
1653 pcap_geterr(ld.pch));
1658 /* Set up to write to the capture file. */
1661 pcap_encap = hdr.network;
1662 file_snaplen = hdr.snaplen;
1666 pcap_encap = get_pcap_linktype(ld.pch, capture_opts.iface);
1667 file_snaplen = pcap_snapshot(ld.pch);
1669 ld.linktype = wtap_pcap_encap_to_wtap_encap(pcap_encap);
1670 if (save_file != NULL) {
1671 /* Set up to write to the capture file. */
1672 if (ld.linktype == WTAP_ENCAP_UNKNOWN) {
1673 strcpy(errmsg, "The network you're capturing from is of a type"
1674 " that Tethereal doesn't support.");
1677 ld.save_file = save_file;
1678 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1679 save_file_fd = ringbuf_init(save_file,
1680 capture_opts.ring_num_files);
1681 if (save_file_fd != -1) {
1682 ld.pdh = ringbuf_init_wtap_dump_fdopen(out_file_type, ld.linktype,
1683 file_snaplen, &err);
1685 err = errno; /* "ringbuf_init()" failed */
1689 ld.pdh = wtap_dump_open(save_file, out_file_type,
1690 ld.linktype, file_snaplen, &err);
1693 if (ld.pdh == NULL) {
1694 snprintf(errmsg, sizeof errmsg,
1695 cf_open_error_message(err, NULL, TRUE, out_file_type),
1696 *save_file == '\0' ? "stdout" : save_file);
1701 /* Does "open_err_str" contain a non-empty string? If so, "pcap_open_live()"
1702 returned a warning; print it, but keep capturing. */
1703 if (open_err_str[0] != '\0')
1704 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: WARNING: %s.\n", open_err_str);
1707 /* Catch a CTRL+C event and, if we get it, clean up and exit. */
1708 SetConsoleCtrlHandler(capture_cleanup, TRUE);
1710 /* Catch SIGINT and SIGTERM and, if we get either of them, clean up
1712 XXX - deal with signal semantics on various UNIX platforms. Or just
1713 use "sigaction()" and be done with it? */
1714 signal(SIGTERM, capture_cleanup);
1715 signal(SIGINT, capture_cleanup);
1716 if ((oldhandler = signal(SIGHUP, capture_cleanup)) != SIG_DFL)
1717 signal(SIGHUP, oldhandler);
1720 /* Catch SIGINFO and, if we get it and we're capturing to a file in
1721 quiet mode, report the number of packets we've captured. */
1722 signal(SIGINFO, report_counts_siginfo);
1723 #endif /* SIGINFO */
1726 /* Let the user know what interface was chosen. */
1727 descr = get_interface_descriptive_name(capture_opts.iface);
1728 fprintf(stderr, "Capturing on %s\n", descr);
1731 /* initialize capture stop conditions */
1732 init_capture_stop_conditions();
1733 /* create stop conditions */
1734 if (capture_opts.has_autostop_filesize)
1735 cnd_stop_capturesize = cnd_new((const char*)CND_CLASS_CAPTURESIZE,
1736 (long)capture_opts.autostop_filesize * 1000);
1737 if (capture_opts.has_autostop_duration)
1738 cnd_stop_timeout = cnd_new((const char*)CND_CLASS_TIMEOUT,
1739 (gint32)capture_opts.autostop_duration);
1741 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on && capture_opts.has_file_duration)
1742 cnd_ring_timeout = cnd_new(CND_CLASS_TIMEOUT,
1743 capture_opts.file_duration);
1745 if (!setjmp(ld.stopenv)) {
1747 ld.packet_count = 0;
1751 /* We need to be careful with automatic variables defined in the
1752 outer scope which are changed inside the loop. Most compilers
1753 don't try to roll them back to their original values after the
1754 longjmp which causes the loop to finish, but all that the
1755 standards say is that their values are indeterminate. If we
1756 don't want them to be rolled back, we should define them with the
1757 volatile attribute (paraphrasing W. Richard Stevens, Advanced
1758 Programming in the UNIX Environment, p. 178).
1760 The "err" variable causes a particular problem. If we give it
1761 the volatile attribute, then when we pass a reference to it (as
1762 in "&err") to a function, GCC warns: "passing arg <n> of
1763 <function> discards qualifiers from pointer target type".
1764 Therefore within the loop and just beyond we don't use "err".
1765 Within the loop we define "loop_err", and assign its value to
1766 "volatile_err", which is in the outer scope and is checked when
1769 We also define "packet_count_prev" here to keep things tidy,
1770 since it's used only inside the loop. If it were defined in the
1771 outer scope, GCC would give a warning (unnecessary in this case)
1772 that it might be clobbered, and we'd need to give it the volatile
1773 attribute to suppress the warning. */
1776 int packet_count_prev = 0;
1778 if (cnd_stop_capturesize == NULL && cnd_stop_timeout == NULL) {
1779 /* We're not stopping at a particular capture file size, and we're
1780 not stopping after some particular amount of time has expired,
1781 so either we have no stop condition or the only stop condition
1782 is a maximum packet count.
1784 If there's no maximum packet count, pass it -1, meaning "until
1785 you run out of packets in the bufferful you read". Otherwise,
1786 pass it the number of packets we have left to capture.
1788 We don't call "pcap_loop()" as, if we're saving to a file that's
1789 a FIFO, we want to flush the FIFO after we're done processing
1790 this libpcap bufferful of packets, so that the program
1791 reading the FIFO sees the packets immediately and doesn't get
1792 any partial packet, forcing it to block in the middle of reading
1794 if (capture_opts.autostop_packets == 0)
1797 if (ld.packet_count >= capture_opts.autostop_packets) {
1798 /* XXX do we need this test here? */
1799 /* It appears there's nothing more to capture. */
1802 pcap_cnt = capture_opts.autostop_packets - ld.packet_count;
1805 /* We need to check the capture file size or the timeout after
1811 inpkts = pipe_dispatch(pipe_fd, &ld, &hdr, &rechdr, pcap_data,
1812 errmsg, sizeof errmsg);
1815 inpkts = pcap_dispatch(ld.pch, pcap_cnt, capture_pcap_cb, (guchar *) &ld);
1817 /* Error from "pcap_dispatch()", or error or "no more packets" from
1818 "pipe_dispatch(). */
1820 } else if (cnd_stop_timeout != NULL && cnd_eval(cnd_stop_timeout)) {
1821 /* The specified capture time has elapsed; stop the capture. */
1823 } else if (inpkts > 0) {
1824 if (capture_opts.autostop_packets != 0 &&
1825 ld.packet_count >= capture_opts.autostop_packets) {
1826 /* The specified number of packets have been captured and have
1827 passed both any capture filter in effect and any read filter
1830 } else if (cnd_stop_capturesize != NULL &&
1831 cnd_eval(cnd_stop_capturesize,
1832 (guint32)wtap_get_bytes_dumped(ld.pdh))) {
1833 /* We're saving the capture to a file, and the capture file reached
1834 its maximum size. */
1835 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1836 /* Switch to the next ringbuffer file */
1837 if (ringbuf_switch_file(&ld.pdh, &save_file, &save_file_fd, &loop_err)) {
1838 /* File switch succeeded: reset the condition */
1839 cnd_reset(cnd_stop_capturesize);
1840 if (cnd_ring_timeout) {
1841 cnd_reset(cnd_ring_timeout);
1844 /* File switch failed: stop here */
1845 volatile_err = loop_err;
1849 /* No ringbuffer - just stop. */
1853 if (ld.output_to_pipe) {
1854 if (ld.packet_count > packet_count_prev) {
1855 if (fflush(wtap_dump_file(ld.pdh))) {
1856 volatile_err = errno;
1859 packet_count_prev = ld.packet_count;
1863 } /* while (ld.go) */
1865 /* delete stop conditions */
1866 if (cnd_stop_capturesize != NULL)
1867 cnd_delete(cnd_stop_capturesize);
1868 if (cnd_stop_timeout != NULL)
1869 cnd_delete(cnd_stop_timeout);
1870 if (cnd_ring_timeout != NULL)
1871 cnd_delete(cnd_ring_timeout);
1873 if (print_packet_counts) {
1874 /* We're printing packet counts to stderr.
1875 Send a newline so that we move to the line after the packet count. */
1876 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1879 /* If we got an error while capturing, report it. */
1883 if (ld.pipe_err == PIPERR) {
1884 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Error while capturing packets: %s\n",
1890 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Error while capturing packets: %s\n",
1891 pcap_geterr(ld.pch));
1895 if (volatile_err == 0)
1898 show_capture_file_io_error(save_file, volatile_err, FALSE);
1902 if (save_file != NULL) {
1903 /* We're saving to a file or files; close all files. */
1904 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1905 dump_ok = ringbuf_wtap_dump_close(&save_file, &err);
1907 dump_ok = wtap_dump_close(ld.pdh, &err);
1909 /* If we've displayed a message about a write error, there's no point
1910 in displaying another message about an error on close. */
1911 if (!dump_ok && !write_err)
1912 show_capture_file_io_error(save_file, err, TRUE);
1916 if (ld.from_pipe && pipe_fd >= 0)
1921 /* Get the capture statistics, and, if any packets were dropped, report
1923 if (pcap_stats(ld.pch, &stats) >= 0) {
1924 if (stats.ps_drop != 0) {
1925 fprintf(stderr, "%u packets dropped\n", stats.ps_drop);
1928 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: Can't get packet-drop statistics: %s\n",
1929 pcap_geterr(ld.pch));
1934 /* Report the number of captured packets if not reported during capture
1935 and we are saving to a file. */
1941 if (capture_opts.multi_files_on) {
1942 ringbuf_error_cleanup();
1946 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", errmsg);
1962 capture_pcap_cb(guchar *user, const struct pcap_pkthdr *phdr,
1965 struct wtap_pkthdr whdr;
1966 union wtap_pseudo_header pseudo_header;
1967 loop_data *ldat = (loop_data *) user;
1972 /* Convert from libpcap to Wiretap format.
1973 If that fails, ignore the packet (wtap_process_pcap_packet has
1974 written an error message). */
1975 pd = wtap_process_pcap_packet(ldat->linktype, phdr, pd, &pseudo_header,
1982 * Prevent a SIGINFO handler from writing to stdout while we're
1983 * doing so; instead, have it just set a flag telling us to print
1984 * that information when we're done.
1987 #endif /* SIGINFO */
1989 /* The current packet may have arrived after a very long silence,
1990 * way past the time to switch files. In order not to have
1991 * the first packet of a new series of events as the last
1992 * [or only] packet in the file, switch before writing!
1994 if (cnd_ring_timeout != NULL && cnd_eval(cnd_ring_timeout)) {
1995 /* time elapsed for this ring file, switch to the next */
1996 if (ringbuf_switch_file(&ldat->pdh, &ldat->save_file, &save_file_fd, &loop_err)) {
1997 /* File switch succeeded: reset the condition */
1998 cnd_reset(cnd_ring_timeout);
2000 /* File switch failed: stop here */
2001 /* XXX - we should do something with "loop_err" */
2006 if (!process_packet(&cfile, ldat->pdh, 0, &whdr, &pseudo_header, pd, &err)) {
2007 /* Error writing to a capture file */
2008 if (print_packet_counts) {
2009 /* We're printing counts of packets captured; move to the line after
2011 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
2013 show_capture_file_io_error(ldat->save_file, err, FALSE);
2014 pcap_close(ldat->pch);
2015 wtap_dump_close(ldat->pdh, &err);
2021 * Allow SIGINFO handlers to write.
2026 * If a SIGINFO handler asked us to write out capture counts, do so.
2030 #endif /* SIGINFO */
2035 capture_cleanup(DWORD ctrltype _U_)
2037 /* CTRL_C_EVENT is sort of like SIGINT, CTRL_BREAK_EVENT is unique to
2038 Windows, CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT is sort of like SIGHUP, CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT
2039 is also sort of like SIGHUP, and CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT is sort of
2040 like SIGTERM at least when the machine's shutting down.
2042 For now, we handle them all as indications that we should clean up
2043 and quit, just as we handle SIGINT, SIGHUP, and SIGTERM in that
2046 However, as handlers run in a new thread, we can't just longjmp
2047 out; we have to set "ld.go" to FALSE, and must return TRUE so that
2048 no other handler - such as one that would terminate the process -
2051 XXX - for some reason, typing ^C to Tethereal, if you run this in
2052 a Cygwin console window in at least some versions of Cygwin,
2053 causes Tethereal to terminate immediately; this routine gets
2054 called, but the main loop doesn't get a chance to run and
2055 exit cleanly, at least if this is compiled with Microsoft Visual
2056 C++ (i.e., it's a property of the Cygwin console window or Bash;
2057 it happens if Tethereal is not built with Cygwin - for all I know,
2058 building it with Cygwin may make the problem go away). */
2064 capture_cleanup(int signum _U_)
2066 /* Longjmp back to the starting point; "pcap_dispatch()", on many
2067 UNIX platforms, just keeps looping if it gets EINTR, so if we set
2068 "ld.go" to FALSE and return, we won't break out of it and quit
2070 longjmp(ld.stopenv, 1);
2078 /* XXX - if we use sigaction, this doesn't have to be done.
2079 (Yes, this isn't necessary on BSD, but just in case a system
2080 where "signal()" has AT&T semantics adopts SIGINFO....) */
2081 signal(SIGINFO, report_counts_siginfo);
2082 #endif /* SIGINFO */
2084 if (!print_packet_counts) {
2085 /* Report the count only if we aren't printing a packet count
2086 as packets arrive. */
2087 fprintf(stderr, "%u packets captured\n", ld.packet_count);
2090 infoprint = FALSE; /* we just reported it */
2091 #endif /* SIGINFO */
2096 report_counts_siginfo(int signum _U_)
2098 int sav_errno = errno;
2099 /* If we've been told to delay printing, just set a flag asking
2100 that we print counts (if we're supposed to), otherwise print
2101 the count of packets captured (if we're supposed to). */
2108 #endif /* SIGINFO */
2109 #endif /* HAVE_LIBPCAP */
2112 load_cap_file(capture_file *cf, char *save_file, int out_file_type)
2115 int snapshot_length;
2121 linktype = wtap_file_encap(cf->wth);
2122 if (save_file != NULL) {
2123 /* Set up to write to the capture file. */
2124 snapshot_length = wtap_snapshot_length(cf->wth);
2125 if (snapshot_length == 0) {
2126 /* Snapshot length of input file not known. */
2127 snapshot_length = WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE;
2129 pdh = wtap_dump_open(save_file, out_file_type,
2130 linktype, snapshot_length, &err);
2133 /* We couldn't set up to write to the capture file. */
2136 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_FILE_TYPE:
2138 "tethereal: Capture files can't be written in that format.\n");
2141 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ENCAP:
2142 case WTAP_ERR_ENCAP_PER_PACKET_UNSUPPORTED:
2144 "tethereal: The capture file being read can't be written in "
2148 case WTAP_ERR_CANT_OPEN:
2150 "tethereal: The file \"%s\" couldn't be created for some "
2151 "unknown reason.\n",
2152 *save_file == '\0' ? "stdout" : save_file);
2155 case WTAP_ERR_SHORT_WRITE:
2157 "tethereal: A full header couldn't be written to the file \"%s\".\n",
2158 *save_file == '\0' ? "stdout" : save_file);
2163 "tethereal: The file \"%s\" could not be created: %s\n.",
2164 *save_file == '\0' ? "stdout" : save_file,
2165 wtap_strerror(err));
2171 if (print_packet_info) {
2172 if (!write_preamble(cf)) {
2174 show_print_file_io_error(err);
2180 while (wtap_read(cf->wth, &err, &err_info, &data_offset)) {
2181 if (!process_packet(cf, pdh, data_offset, wtap_phdr(cf->wth),
2182 wtap_pseudoheader(cf->wth), wtap_buf_ptr(cf->wth),
2184 /* Error writing to a capture file */
2185 show_capture_file_io_error(save_file, err, FALSE);
2186 wtap_dump_close(pdh, &err);
2191 /* Print a message noting that the read failed somewhere along the line. */
2194 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ENCAP:
2196 "tethereal: \"%s\" has a packet with a network type that Tethereal doesn't support.\n(%s)\n",
2197 cf->filename, err_info);
2200 case WTAP_ERR_CANT_READ:
2202 "tethereal: An attempt to read from \"%s\" failed for some unknown reason.\n",
2206 case WTAP_ERR_SHORT_READ:
2208 "tethereal: \"%s\" appears to have been cut short in the middle of a packet.\n",
2212 case WTAP_ERR_BAD_RECORD:
2214 "tethereal: \"%s\" appears to be damaged or corrupt.\n(%s)\n",
2215 cf->filename, err_info);
2220 "tethereal: An error occurred while reading \"%s\": %s.\n",
2221 cf->filename, wtap_strerror(err));
2224 if (save_file != NULL) {
2225 /* Now close the capture file. */
2226 if (!wtap_dump_close(pdh, &err))
2227 show_capture_file_io_error(save_file, err, TRUE);
2230 if (save_file != NULL) {
2231 /* Now close the capture file. */
2232 if (!wtap_dump_close(pdh, &err))
2233 show_capture_file_io_error(save_file, err, TRUE);
2235 if (print_packet_info) {
2236 if (!write_finale()) {
2238 show_print_file_io_error(err);
2245 wtap_close(cf->wth);
2252 fill_in_fdata(frame_data *fdata, capture_file *cf,
2253 const struct wtap_pkthdr *phdr, long offset)
2258 fdata->num = cf->count;
2259 fdata->pkt_len = phdr->len;
2260 cum_bytes += phdr->len;
2261 fdata->cum_bytes = cum_bytes;
2262 fdata->cap_len = phdr->caplen;
2263 fdata->file_off = offset;
2264 fdata->lnk_t = phdr->pkt_encap;
2265 fdata->abs_secs = phdr->ts.tv_sec;
2266 fdata->abs_usecs = phdr->ts.tv_usec;
2267 fdata->flags.passed_dfilter = 0;
2268 fdata->flags.encoding = CHAR_ASCII;
2269 fdata->flags.visited = 0;
2270 fdata->flags.marked = 0;
2271 fdata->flags.ref_time = 0;
2273 /* If we don't have the time stamp of the first packet in the
2274 capture, it's because this is the first packet. Save the time
2275 stamp of this packet as the time stamp of the first packet. */
2276 if (!firstsec && !firstusec) {
2277 firstsec = fdata->abs_secs;
2278 firstusec = fdata->abs_usecs;
2281 /* If we don't have the time stamp of the previous displayed packet,
2282 it's because this is the first displayed packet. Save the time
2283 stamp of this packet as the time stamp of the previous displayed
2285 if (!prevsec && !prevusec) {
2286 prevsec = fdata->abs_secs;
2287 prevusec = fdata->abs_usecs;
2290 /* Get the time elapsed between the first packet and this packet. */
2291 compute_timestamp_diff(&fdata->rel_secs, &fdata->rel_usecs,
2292 fdata->abs_secs, fdata->abs_usecs, firstsec, firstusec);
2294 /* If it's greater than the current elapsed time, set the elapsed time
2295 to it (we check for "greater than" so as not to be confused by
2296 time moving backwards). */
2297 if ((gint32)cf->esec < fdata->rel_secs
2298 || ((gint32)cf->esec == fdata->rel_secs && (gint32)cf->eusec < fdata->rel_usecs)) {
2299 cf->esec = fdata->rel_secs;
2300 cf->eusec = fdata->rel_usecs;
2303 /* Get the time elapsed between the previous displayed packet and
2305 compute_timestamp_diff(&fdata->del_secs, &fdata->del_usecs,
2306 fdata->abs_secs, fdata->abs_usecs, prevsec, prevusec);
2307 prevsec = fdata->abs_secs;
2308 prevusec = fdata->abs_usecs;
2311 /* Free up all data attached to a "frame_data" structure. */
2313 clear_fdata(frame_data *fdata)
2316 g_slist_free(fdata->pfd);
2320 process_packet(capture_file *cf, wtap_dumper *pdh, long offset,
2321 const struct wtap_pkthdr *whdr,
2322 union wtap_pseudo_header *pseudo_header, const guchar *pd,
2326 gboolean create_proto_tree;
2327 epan_dissect_t *edt;
2330 /* Count this packet. */
2333 /* If we're going to print packet information, or we're going to
2334 run a read filter, or we're going to process taps, set up to
2335 do a dissection and do so. */
2336 if (do_dissection) {
2337 fill_in_fdata(&fdata, cf, whdr, offset);
2339 if (print_packet_info) {
2340 /* Grab any resolved addresses */
2342 if (g_resolv_flags) {
2343 host_name_lookup_process(NULL);
2348 if (cf->rfcode || verbose || num_tap_filters!=0)
2349 create_proto_tree = TRUE;
2351 create_proto_tree = FALSE;
2352 /* The protocol tree will be "visible", i.e., printed, only if we're
2353 printing packet details, which is true if we're printing stuff
2354 ("print_packet_info" is true) and we're in verbose mode ("verbose"
2356 edt = epan_dissect_new(create_proto_tree, print_packet_info && verbose);
2358 /* If we're running a read filter, prime the epan_dissect_t with that
2361 epan_dissect_prime_dfilter(edt, cf->rfcode);
2363 tap_queue_init(edt);
2365 /* We only need the columns if we're printing packet info but we're
2366 *not* verbose; in verbose mode, we print the protocol tree, not
2367 the protocol summary. */
2368 epan_dissect_run(edt, pseudo_header, pd, &fdata,
2369 (print_packet_info && !verbose) ? &cf->cinfo : NULL);
2371 tap_push_tapped_queue(edt);
2373 /* Run the read filter if we have one. */
2375 passed = dfilter_apply_edt(cf->rfcode, edt);
2379 /* We're not running a display filter and we're not printing any
2380 packet information, so we don't need to do a dissection, and all
2381 packets are processed. */
2387 /* Count this packet. */
2392 /* Process this packet. */
2394 /* We're writing to a capture file; write this packet. */
2395 if (!wtap_dump(pdh, whdr, pseudo_header, pd, err))
2398 if (print_packet_counts) {
2399 /* We're printing packet counts. */
2400 if (ld.packet_count != 0) {
2401 fprintf(stderr, "\r%u ", ld.packet_count);
2402 /* stderr could be line buffered */
2408 if (print_packet_info) {
2409 /* We're printing packet information; print the information for
2411 print_packet(cf, edt);
2413 /* The ANSI C standard does not appear to *require* that a line-buffered
2414 stream be flushed to the host environment whenever a newline is
2415 written, it just says that, on such a stream, characters "are
2416 intended to be transmitted to or from the host environment as a
2417 block when a new-line character is encountered".
2419 The Visual C++ 6.0 C implementation doesn't do what is intended;
2420 even if you set a stream to be line-buffered, it still doesn't
2421 flush the buffer at the end of every line.
2423 So, if the "-l" flag was specified, we flush the standard output
2424 at the end of a packet. This will do the right thing if we're
2425 printing packet summary lines, and, as we print the entire protocol
2426 tree for a single packet without waiting for anything to happen,
2427 it should be as good as line-buffered mode if we're printing
2428 protocol trees. (The whole reason for the "-l" flag in either
2429 tcpdump or Tethereal is to allow the output of a live capture to
2430 be piped to a program or script and to have that script see the
2431 information for the packet as soon as it's printed, rather than
2432 having to wait until a standard I/O buffer fills up. */
2436 if (ferror(stdout)) {
2437 show_print_file_io_error(errno);
2443 if (do_dissection) {
2444 epan_dissect_free(edt);
2445 clear_fdata(&fdata);
2451 show_capture_file_io_error(const char *fname, int err, gboolean is_close)
2460 "tethereal: Not all the packets could be written to \"%s\" because there is "
2461 "no space left on the file system.\n",
2468 "tethereal: Not all the packets could be written to \"%s\" because you are "
2469 "too close to, or over your disk quota.\n",
2474 case WTAP_ERR_CANT_CLOSE:
2476 "tethereal: \"%s\" couldn't be closed for some unknown reason.\n",
2480 case WTAP_ERR_SHORT_WRITE:
2482 "tethereal: Not all the packets could be written to \"%s\".\n",
2489 "tethereal: \"%s\" could not be closed: %s.\n",
2490 fname, wtap_strerror(err));
2493 "tethereal: An error occurred while writing to \"%s\": %s.\n",
2494 fname, wtap_strerror(err));
2501 write_preamble(capture_file *cf)
2503 switch (output_action) {
2506 return print_preamble(print_stream, cf->filename);
2511 write_pdml_preamble(stdout);
2513 write_psml_preamble(stdout);
2514 return !ferror(stdout);
2517 g_assert_not_reached();
2523 get_line_buf(size_t len)
2525 static char *line_bufp = NULL;
2526 static size_t line_buf_len = 256;
2527 size_t new_line_buf_len;
2529 for (new_line_buf_len = line_buf_len; len > new_line_buf_len;
2530 new_line_buf_len *= 2)
2532 if (line_bufp == NULL) {
2533 line_buf_len = new_line_buf_len;
2534 line_bufp = g_malloc(line_buf_len + 1);
2536 if (new_line_buf_len > line_buf_len) {
2537 line_buf_len = new_line_buf_len;
2538 line_bufp = g_realloc(line_bufp, line_buf_len + 1);
2545 print_columns(capture_file *cf)
2552 line_bufp = get_line_buf(256);
2555 for (i = 0; i < cf->cinfo.num_cols; i++) {
2556 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i]) {
2560 * Don't print this if we're doing a live capture from a network
2561 * interface - if we're doing a live capture, you won't be
2562 * able to look at the capture in the future (it's not being
2563 * saved anywhere), so the frame numbers are unlikely to be
2566 * (XXX - it might be nice to be able to save and print at
2567 * the same time, sort of like an "Update list of packets
2568 * in real time" capture in Ethereal.)
2570 if (capture_opts.iface != NULL)
2573 column_len = strlen(cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2576 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + column_len);
2577 sprintf(line_bufp + buf_offset, "%3s", cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2583 case COL_ABS_DATE_TIME: /* XXX - wider */
2584 column_len = strlen(cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2585 if (column_len < 10)
2587 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + column_len);
2588 sprintf(line_bufp + buf_offset, "%10s", cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2594 case COL_DEF_DL_SRC:
2595 case COL_RES_DL_SRC:
2596 case COL_UNRES_DL_SRC:
2597 case COL_DEF_NET_SRC:
2598 case COL_RES_NET_SRC:
2599 case COL_UNRES_NET_SRC:
2600 column_len = strlen(cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2601 if (column_len < 12)
2603 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + column_len);
2604 sprintf(line_bufp + buf_offset, "%12s", cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2610 case COL_DEF_DL_DST:
2611 case COL_RES_DL_DST:
2612 case COL_UNRES_DL_DST:
2613 case COL_DEF_NET_DST:
2614 case COL_RES_NET_DST:
2615 case COL_UNRES_NET_DST:
2616 column_len = strlen(cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2617 if (column_len < 12)
2619 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + column_len);
2620 sprintf(line_bufp + buf_offset, "%-12s", cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2624 column_len = strlen(cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2625 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + column_len);
2626 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, cf->cinfo.col_data[i]);
2629 buf_offset += column_len;
2630 if (i != cf->cinfo.num_cols - 1) {
2632 * This isn't the last column, so we need to print a
2633 * separator between this column and the next.
2635 * If we printed a network source and are printing a
2636 * network destination of the same type next, separate
2637 * them with "->"; if we printed a network destination
2638 * and are printing a network source of the same type
2639 * next, separate them with "<-"; otherwise separate them
2642 * We add enough space to the buffer for " <- " or " -> ",
2643 * even if we're only adding " ".
2645 line_bufp = get_line_buf(buf_offset + 4);
2646 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i]) {
2651 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2656 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " -> ");
2661 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2667 case COL_DEF_DL_SRC:
2668 case COL_RES_DL_SRC:
2669 case COL_UNRES_DL_SRC:
2670 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2672 case COL_DEF_DL_DST:
2673 case COL_RES_DL_DST:
2674 case COL_UNRES_DL_DST:
2675 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " -> ");
2680 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2686 case COL_DEF_NET_SRC:
2687 case COL_RES_NET_SRC:
2688 case COL_UNRES_NET_SRC:
2689 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2691 case COL_DEF_NET_DST:
2692 case COL_RES_NET_DST:
2693 case COL_UNRES_NET_DST:
2694 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " -> ");
2699 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2708 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2713 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " <- ");
2718 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2724 case COL_DEF_DL_DST:
2725 case COL_RES_DL_DST:
2726 case COL_UNRES_DL_DST:
2727 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2729 case COL_DEF_DL_SRC:
2730 case COL_RES_DL_SRC:
2731 case COL_UNRES_DL_SRC:
2732 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " <- ");
2737 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2743 case COL_DEF_NET_DST:
2744 case COL_RES_NET_DST:
2745 case COL_UNRES_NET_DST:
2746 switch (cf->cinfo.col_fmt[i + 1]) {
2748 case COL_DEF_NET_SRC:
2749 case COL_RES_NET_SRC:
2750 case COL_UNRES_NET_SRC:
2751 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " <- ");
2756 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2763 strcat(line_bufp + buf_offset, " ");
2769 return print_line(print_stream, 0, line_bufp);
2773 print_packet(capture_file *cf, epan_dissect_t *edt)
2775 print_args_t print_args;
2778 /* Print the information in the protocol tree. */
2779 switch (output_action) {
2782 print_args.to_file = TRUE;
2783 print_args.format = print_format;
2784 print_args.print_summary = !verbose;
2785 print_args.print_hex = verbose && print_hex;
2786 print_args.print_formfeed = FALSE;
2787 print_args.print_dissections = verbose ? print_dissections_expanded : print_dissections_none;
2789 /* init the packet range */
2790 packet_range_init(&print_args.range);
2792 if (!proto_tree_print(&print_args, edt, print_stream))
2795 /* "print_hex_data()" will put out a leading blank line, as well
2796 as a trailing one; print one here, to separate the packets,
2797 only if "print_hex_data()" won't be called. */
2798 if (!print_line(print_stream, 0, ""))
2804 proto_tree_write_pdml(edt, stdout);
2806 return !ferror(stdout);
2809 /* Just fill in the columns. */
2810 epan_dissect_fill_in_columns(edt);
2812 /* Now print them. */
2813 switch (output_action) {
2816 if (!print_columns(cf))
2821 proto_tree_write_psml(edt, stdout);
2822 return !ferror(stdout);
2826 if (!print_hex_data(print_stream, edt))
2828 if (!print_line(print_stream, 0, ""))
2837 switch (output_action) {
2840 return print_finale(print_stream);
2845 write_pdml_finale(stdout);
2847 write_psml_finale(stdout);
2848 return !ferror(stdout);
2851 g_assert_not_reached();
2857 show_print_file_io_error(int err)
2863 "tethereal: Not all the packets could be printed because there is "
2864 "no space left on the file system.\n");
2870 "tethereal: Not all the packets could be printed because you are "
2871 "too close to, or over your disk quota.\n");
2877 "tethereal: An error occurred while printing packets: %s.\n",
2884 cf_open_error_message(int err, gchar *err_info, gboolean for_writing,
2888 static char errmsg_errno[1024+1];
2891 /* Wiretap error. */
2894 case WTAP_ERR_NOT_REGULAR_FILE:
2895 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" is a \"special file\" or socket or other non-regular file.";
2898 case WTAP_ERR_FILE_UNKNOWN_FORMAT:
2899 /* Seen only when opening a capture file for reading. */
2900 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" isn't a capture file in a format Tethereal understands.";
2903 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED:
2904 /* Seen only when opening a capture file for reading. */
2905 snprintf(errmsg_errno, sizeof(errmsg_errno),
2906 "The file \"%%s\" isn't a capture file in a format Tethereal understands.\n"
2909 errmsg = errmsg_errno;
2912 case WTAP_ERR_CANT_WRITE_TO_PIPE:
2913 /* Seen only when opening a capture file for writing. */
2914 snprintf(errmsg_errno, sizeof(errmsg_errno),
2915 "The file \"%%s\" is a pipe, and %s capture files can't be "
2916 "written to a pipe.", wtap_file_type_string(file_type));
2917 errmsg = errmsg_errno;
2920 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_FILE_TYPE:
2921 /* Seen only when opening a capture file for writing. */
2922 errmsg = "Tethereal doesn't support writing capture files in that format.";
2925 case WTAP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ENCAP:
2927 errmsg = "Tethereal can't save this capture in that format.";
2929 snprintf(errmsg_errno, sizeof(errmsg_errno),
2930 "The file \"%%s\" is a capture for a network type that Tethereal doesn't support.\n"
2933 errmsg = errmsg_errno;
2937 case WTAP_ERR_ENCAP_PER_PACKET_UNSUPPORTED:
2939 errmsg = "Tethereal can't save this capture in that format.";
2941 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" is a capture for a network type that Tethereal doesn't support.";
2944 case WTAP_ERR_BAD_RECORD:
2945 /* Seen only when opening a capture file for reading. */
2946 snprintf(errmsg_errno, sizeof(errmsg_errno),
2947 "The file \"%%s\" appears to be damaged or corrupt.\n"
2950 errmsg = errmsg_errno;
2953 case WTAP_ERR_CANT_OPEN:
2955 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" could not be created for some unknown reason.";
2957 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" could not be opened for some unknown reason.";
2960 case WTAP_ERR_SHORT_READ:
2961 errmsg = "The file \"%s\" appears to have been cut short"
2962 " in the middle of a packet or other data.";
2965 case WTAP_ERR_SHORT_WRITE:
2966 errmsg = "A full header couldn't be written to the file \"%s\".";
2970 snprintf(errmsg_errno, sizeof(errmsg_errno),
2971 "The file \"%%s\" could not be %s: %s.",
2972 for_writing ? "created" : "opened",
2973 wtap_strerror(err));
2974 errmsg = errmsg_errno;
2978 errmsg = file_open_error_message(err, for_writing);
2983 * Open/create errors are reported with an console message in Tethereal.
2986 open_failure_message(const char *filename, int err, gboolean for_writing)
2988 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: ");
2989 fprintf(stderr, file_open_error_message(err, for_writing), filename);
2990 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
2994 cf_open(capture_file *cf, const char *fname, gboolean is_tempfile, int *err)
2998 char err_msg[2048+1];
3000 wth = wtap_open_offline(fname, err, &err_info, FALSE);
3004 /* The open succeeded. Fill in the information for this file. */
3006 /* Initialize all data structures used for dissection. */
3010 cf->filed = -1; /* not used, but set it anyway */
3011 cf->f_len = 0; /* not used, but set it anyway */
3013 /* Set the file name because we need it to set the follow stream filter.
3014 XXX - is that still true? We need it for other reasons, though,
3016 cf->filename = g_strdup(fname);
3018 /* Indicate whether it's a permanent or temporary file. */
3019 cf->is_tempfile = is_tempfile;
3021 /* If it's a temporary capture buffer file, mark it as not saved. */
3022 cf->user_saved = !is_tempfile;
3024 cf->cd_t = wtap_file_type(cf->wth);
3026 cf->drops_known = FALSE;
3030 cf->snap = wtap_snapshot_length(cf->wth);
3031 if (cf->snap == 0) {
3032 /* Snapshot length not known. */
3033 cf->has_snap = FALSE;
3034 cf->snap = WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE;
3036 cf->has_snap = TRUE;
3037 firstsec = 0, firstusec = 0;
3038 prevsec = 0, prevusec = 0;
3043 snprintf(err_msg, sizeof err_msg,
3044 cf_open_error_message(*err, err_info, FALSE, 0), fname);
3045 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: %s\n", err_msg);
3051 /* Take care of byte order in the libpcap headers read from pipes.
3052 * (function taken from wiretap/libpcap.c) */
3054 adjust_header(loop_data *ldat, struct pcap_hdr *hdr, struct pcaprec_hdr *rechdr)
3056 if (ldat->byte_swapped) {
3057 /* Byte-swap the record header fields. */
3058 rechdr->ts_sec = BSWAP32(rechdr->ts_sec);
3059 rechdr->ts_usec = BSWAP32(rechdr->ts_usec);
3060 rechdr->incl_len = BSWAP32(rechdr->incl_len);
3061 rechdr->orig_len = BSWAP32(rechdr->orig_len);
3064 /* In file format version 2.3, the "incl_len" and "orig_len" fields were
3065 swapped, in order to match the BPF header layout.
3067 Unfortunately, some files were, according to a comment in the "libpcap"
3068 source, written with version 2.3 in their headers but without the
3069 interchanged fields, so if "incl_len" is greater than "orig_len" - which
3070 would make no sense - we assume that we need to swap them. */
3071 if (hdr->version_major == 2 &&
3072 (hdr->version_minor < 3 ||
3073 (hdr->version_minor == 3 && rechdr->incl_len > rechdr->orig_len))) {
3076 temp = rechdr->orig_len;
3077 rechdr->orig_len = rechdr->incl_len;
3078 rechdr->incl_len = temp;
3082 /* Mimic pcap_open_live() for pipe captures
3083 * We check if "pipename" is "-" (stdin) or a FIFO, open it, and read the
3085 * N.B. : we can't read the libpcap formats used in RedHat 6.1 or SuSE 6.3
3086 * because we can't seek on pipes (see wiretap/libpcap.c for details) */
3088 pipe_open_live(char *pipename, struct pcap_hdr *hdr, loop_data *ldat,
3089 char *errmsg, int errmsgl)
3091 struct stat pipe_stat;
3095 unsigned int bytes_read;
3098 * XXX Tethereal blocks until we return
3100 if (strcmp(pipename, "-") == 0)
3101 fd = 0; /* read from stdin */
3103 if (stat(pipename, &pipe_stat) < 0) {
3104 if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
3105 ldat->pipe_err = PIPNEXIST;
3107 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl,
3108 "The capture session could not be initiated "
3109 "due to error on pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
3110 ldat->pipe_err = PIPERR;
3114 if (! S_ISFIFO(pipe_stat.st_mode)) {
3115 if (S_ISCHR(pipe_stat.st_mode)) {
3117 * Assume the user specified an interface on a system where
3118 * interfaces are in /dev. Pretend we haven't seen it.
3120 ldat->pipe_err = PIPNEXIST;
3122 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl,
3123 "The capture session could not be initiated because\n"
3124 "\"%s\" is neither an interface nor a pipe", pipename);
3125 ldat->pipe_err = PIPERR;
3129 fd = open(pipename, O_RDONLY);
3131 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl,
3132 "The capture session could not be initiated "
3133 "due to error on pipe open: %s", strerror(errno));
3134 ldat->pipe_err = PIPERR;
3139 ldat->from_pipe = TRUE;
3141 /* read the pcap header */
3143 while (bytes_read < sizeof magic) {
3144 b = read(fd, ((char *)&magic)+bytes_read, sizeof magic-bytes_read);
3147 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "End of file on pipe during open");
3149 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Error on pipe during open: %s",
3158 /* Host that wrote it has our byte order, and was running
3159 a program using either standard or ss990417 libpcap. */
3160 ldat->byte_swapped = FALSE;
3161 ldat->modified = FALSE;
3163 case PCAP_MODIFIED_MAGIC:
3164 /* Host that wrote it has our byte order, but was running
3165 a program using either ss990915 or ss991029 libpcap. */
3166 ldat->byte_swapped = FALSE;
3167 ldat->modified = TRUE;
3169 case PCAP_SWAPPED_MAGIC:
3170 /* Host that wrote it has a byte order opposite to ours,
3171 and was running a program using either standard or
3172 ss990417 libpcap. */
3173 ldat->byte_swapped = TRUE;
3174 ldat->modified = FALSE;
3176 case PCAP_SWAPPED_MODIFIED_MAGIC:
3177 /* Host that wrote it out has a byte order opposite to
3178 ours, and was running a program using either ss990915
3179 or ss991029 libpcap. */
3180 ldat->byte_swapped = TRUE;
3181 ldat->modified = TRUE;
3184 /* Not a "libpcap" type we know about. */
3185 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Unrecognized libpcap format");
3189 /* Read the rest of the header */
3191 while (bytes_read < sizeof(struct pcap_hdr)) {
3192 b = read(fd, ((char *)hdr)+bytes_read,
3193 sizeof(struct pcap_hdr) - bytes_read);
3196 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "End of file on pipe during open");
3198 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Error on pipe during open: %s",
3205 if (ldat->byte_swapped) {
3206 /* Byte-swap the header fields about which we care. */
3207 hdr->version_major = BSWAP16(hdr->version_major);
3208 hdr->version_minor = BSWAP16(hdr->version_minor);
3209 hdr->snaplen = BSWAP32(hdr->snaplen);
3210 hdr->network = BSWAP32(hdr->network);
3213 if (hdr->version_major < 2) {
3214 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Unable to read old libpcap format");
3218 ldat->pipe_state = STATE_EXPECT_REC_HDR;
3219 ldat->pipe_err = PIPOK;
3223 ldat->pipe_err = PIPERR;
3228 /* We read one record from the pipe, take care of byte order in the record
3229 * header, write the record in the capture file, and update capture statistics. */
3232 pipe_dispatch(int fd, loop_data *ldat, struct pcap_hdr *hdr,
3233 struct pcaprec_modified_hdr *rechdr, guchar *data,
3234 char *errmsg, int errmsgl)
3236 struct pcap_pkthdr phdr;
3238 enum { PD_REC_HDR_READ, PD_DATA_READ, PD_PIPE_EOF, PD_PIPE_ERR,
3241 switch (ldat->pipe_state) {
3243 case STATE_EXPECT_REC_HDR:
3244 ldat->bytes_to_read = ldat->modified ?
3245 sizeof(struct pcaprec_modified_hdr) : sizeof(struct pcaprec_hdr);
3246 ldat->bytes_read = 0;
3247 ldat->pipe_state = STATE_READ_REC_HDR;
3250 case STATE_READ_REC_HDR:
3251 b = read(fd, ((char *)rechdr)+ldat->bytes_read,
3252 ldat->bytes_to_read - ldat->bytes_read);
3255 result = PD_PIPE_EOF;
3257 result = PD_PIPE_ERR;
3260 if ((ldat->bytes_read += b) < ldat->bytes_to_read)
3262 result = PD_REC_HDR_READ;
3265 case STATE_EXPECT_DATA:
3266 ldat->bytes_read = 0;
3267 ldat->pipe_state = STATE_READ_DATA;
3270 case STATE_READ_DATA:
3271 b = read(fd, data+ldat->bytes_read, rechdr->hdr.incl_len - ldat->bytes_read);
3274 result = PD_PIPE_EOF;
3276 result = PD_PIPE_ERR;
3279 if ((ldat->bytes_read += b) < rechdr->hdr.incl_len)
3281 result = PD_DATA_READ;
3285 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "pipe_dispatch: invalid state");
3288 } /* switch (ldat->pipe_state) */
3291 * We've now read as much data as we were expecting, so process it.
3295 case PD_REC_HDR_READ:
3296 /* We've read the header. Take care of byte order. */
3297 adjust_header(ldat, hdr, &rechdr->hdr);
3298 if (rechdr->hdr.incl_len > WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE) {
3299 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Frame %u too long (%d bytes)",
3300 ldat->packet_count+1, rechdr->hdr.incl_len);
3303 ldat->pipe_state = STATE_EXPECT_DATA;
3307 /* Fill in a "struct pcap_pkthdr", and process the packet. */
3308 phdr.ts.tv_sec = rechdr->hdr.ts_sec;
3309 phdr.ts.tv_usec = rechdr->hdr.ts_usec;
3310 phdr.caplen = rechdr->hdr.incl_len;
3311 phdr.len = rechdr->hdr.orig_len;
3313 capture_pcap_cb((guchar *)ldat, &phdr, data);
3315 ldat->pipe_state = STATE_EXPECT_REC_HDR;
3319 ldat->pipe_err = PIPEOF;
3323 snprintf(errmsg, errmsgl, "Error reading from pipe: %s",
3330 ldat->pipe_err = PIPERR;
3331 /* Return here rather than inside the switch to prevent GCC warning */
3335 #endif /* HAVE_LIBPCAP */
3338 * General errors are reported with an console message in Tethereal.
3341 failure_message(const char *msg_format, va_list ap)
3343 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: ");
3344 vfprintf(stderr, msg_format, ap);
3345 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
3349 * Read errors are reported with an console message in Tethereal.
3352 read_failure_message(const char *filename, int err)
3354 fprintf(stderr, "tethereal: An error occurred while reading from the file \"%s\": %s.\n",
3355 filename, strerror(err));