source4/torture/raw/oplock.c

   1 /*
   2    Unix SMB/CIFS implementation.
   3    basic raw test suite for oplocks
   4    Copyright (C) Andrew Tridgell 2003
   5
   6    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   8    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   9    (at your option) any later version.
  10
  11    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  12    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  14    GNU General Public License for more details.
  15
  16    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  18    Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  19 */
  20
  21 #include "includes.h"
  22 #include "torture/torture.h"
  23 #include "librpc/gen_ndr/security.h"
  24 #include "libcli/raw/libcliraw.h"
  25 #include "libcli/libcli.h"
  26 #include "torture/util.h"
  27
  28 #define CHECK_VAL(v, correct) do { \
  29         if ((v) != (correct)) { \
  30                 printf("(%d) wrong value for %s  got 0x%x - should be 0x%x\n", \
  31                        __LINE__, #v, (int)v, (int)correct); \
  32                 ret = False; \
  33         }} while (0)
  34
  35 #define CHECK_STATUS(status, correct) do { \
  36         if (!NT_STATUS_EQUAL(status, correct)) { \
  37                 printf("(%d) Incorrect status %s - should be %s\n", \
  38                        __LINE__, nt_errstr(status), nt_errstr(correct)); \
  39                 ret = False; \
  40                 goto done; \
  41         }} while (0)
  42
  43
  44 static struct {
  45         int fnum;
  46         uint8_t level;
  47         int count;
  48         int failures;
  49 } break_info;
  50
  51 /*
  52   a handler function for oplock break requests
  53 */
  54 static BOOL oplock_handler_ack(struct smbcli_transport *transport, uint16_t tid, uint16_t fnum, uint8_t level, void *private)
  55 {
  56         struct smbcli_tree *tree = private;
  57         break_info.fnum = fnum;
  58         break_info.level = level;
  59         break_info.count++;
  60
  61         printf("Acking in oplock handler\n");
  62
  63         return smbcli_oplock_ack(tree, fnum, level);
  64 }
  65
  66 static void oplock_handler_close_recv(struct smbcli_request *req)
  67 {
  68         NTSTATUS status;
  69         status = smbcli_request_simple_recv(req);
  70         if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
  71                 printf("close failed in oplock_handler_close\n");
  72                 break_info.failures++;
  73         }
  74 }
  75
  76 /*
  77   a handler function for oplock break requests - close the file
  78 */
  79 static BOOL oplock_handler_close(struct smbcli_transport *transport, uint16_t tid, uint16_t fnum, uint8_t level, void *private)
  80 {
  81         union smb_close io;
  82         struct smbcli_tree *tree = private;
  83         struct smbcli_request *req;
  84
  85         break_info.fnum = fnum;
  86         break_info.level = level;
  87         break_info.count++;
  88
  89         printf("Closing in oplock handler\n");
  90
  91         io.close.level = RAW_CLOSE_CLOSE;
  92         io.close.in.file.fnum = fnum;
  93         io.close.in.write_time = 0;
  94         req = smb_raw_close_send(tree, &io);
  95         if (req == NULL) {
  96                 printf("failed to send close in oplock_handler_close\n");
  97                 return False;
  98         }
  99
 100         req->async.fn = oplock_handler_close_recv;
 101         req->async.private = NULL;
 102
 103         return True;
 104 }
 105
 106 /*
 107   test oplock ops
 108 */
 109 static BOOL test_oplock(struct smbcli_state *cli, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
 110 {
 111         const char *fname = "\\test_oplock.dat";
 112         NTSTATUS status;
 113         BOOL ret = True;
 114         union smb_open io;
 115         union smb_unlink unl;
 116         union smb_read rd;
 117         uint16_t fnum=0, fnum2=0;
 118
 119         /* cleanup */
 120         smbcli_unlink(cli->tree, fname);
 121
 122         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 123
 124         /*
 125           base ntcreatex parms
 126         */
 127         io.generic.level = RAW_OPEN_NTCREATEX;
 128         io.ntcreatex.in.root_fid = 0;
 129         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_RIGHTS_FILE_ALL;
 130         io.ntcreatex.in.alloc_size = 0;
 131         io.ntcreatex.in.file_attr = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL;
 132         io.ntcreatex.in.share_access = NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_NONE;
 133         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_OPEN_IF;
 134         io.ntcreatex.in.create_options = 0;
 135         io.ntcreatex.in.impersonation = NTCREATEX_IMPERSONATION_ANONYMOUS;
 136         io.ntcreatex.in.security_flags = 0;
 137         io.ntcreatex.in.fname = fname;
 138
 139         printf("open a file with a normal oplock\n");
 140         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 141         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED | NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK;
 142
 143         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 144         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 145         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 146         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, EXCLUSIVE_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 147
 148         printf("unlink it - should be no break\n");
 149         unl.unlink.in.pattern = fname;
 150         unl.unlink.in.attrib = 0;
 151         status = smb_raw_unlink(cli->tree, &unl);
 152         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_SHARING_VIOLATION);
 153         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 154         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 155
 156         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 157
 158         /*
 159           with a batch oplock we get a break
 160         */
 161         printf("open with batch oplock\n");
 162         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 163         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 164                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 165                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 166         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 167         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 168         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 169         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 170
 171         printf("unlink should generate a break\n");
 172         unl.unlink.in.pattern = fname;
 173         unl.unlink.in.attrib = 0;
 174         status = smb_raw_unlink(cli->tree, &unl);
 175         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_SHARING_VIOLATION);
 176
 177         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum);
 178         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 1);
 179         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 180         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 181
 182         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 183
 184         printf("if we close on break then the unlink can succeed\n");
 185         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 186         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_close, cli->tree);
 187         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 188                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 189                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 190         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 191         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 192         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 193         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 194
 195         unl.unlink.in.pattern = fname;
 196         unl.unlink.in.attrib = 0;
 197         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 198         status = smb_raw_unlink(cli->tree, &unl);
 199         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 200
 201         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum);
 202         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 1);
 203         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 204         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 205
 206         printf("a self read should not cause a break\n");
 207         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 208         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 209         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 210
 211         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 212                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 213                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 214         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 215         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 216         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 217         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 218
 219         rd.read.level = RAW_READ_READ;
 220         rd.read.in.file.fnum = fnum;
 221         rd.read.in.count = 1;
 222         rd.read.in.offset = 0;
 223         rd.read.in.remaining = 0;
 224         status = smb_raw_read(cli->tree, &rd);
 225         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 226         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 227         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 228
 229         printf("a 2nd open should give a break\n");
 230         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 231         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 232         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 233
 234         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 235                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 236                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 237         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 238         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 239         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 240         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 241
 242         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 243
 244         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED;
 245         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 246         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_SHARING_VIOLATION);
 247
 248         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 249         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum);
 250         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 1);
 251         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 252
 253         printf("a 2nd open should get an oplock when we close instead of ack\n");
 254         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 255         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 256         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_close, cli->tree);
 257
 258         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 259                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 260                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 261         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 262         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 263         fnum2 = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 264         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 265
 266         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 267
 268         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 269                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 270                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 271         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 272         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 273         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 274         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 275
 276         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 277         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum2);
 278         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 1);
 279         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 280
 281         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 282
 283         printf("open with batch oplock\n");
 284         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 285         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 286
 287         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 288                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 289                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 290         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 291         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 292         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 293         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 294
 295         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 296         printf("second open with attributes only shouldn't cause oplock break\n");
 297
 298         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 299                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 300                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 301         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTE|SEC_FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTE|SEC_STD_SYNCHRONIZE;
 302         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 303         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 304         fnum2 = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 305         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, NO_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 306         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 307         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, 0);
 308         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 0);
 309         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 310
 311         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 312         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum2);
 313         smbcli_unlink(cli->tree, fname);
 314
 315         printf("open with attributes only can create file\n");
 316         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 317                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 318                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 319         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTE|SEC_FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTE|SEC_STD_SYNCHRONIZE;
 320         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_CREATE;
 321         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 322         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 323         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 324         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, BATCH_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 325
 326         printf("Subsequent normal open should break oplock on attribute only open to level II\n");
 327
 328         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 329         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 330
 331         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 332                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 333                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 334         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_RIGHTS_FILE_ALL;
 335         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_OPEN;
 336         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 337         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 338         fnum2 = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 339         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 340         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum);
 341         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 342         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, LEVEL_II_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 343         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum2);
 344
 345         printf("third oplocked open should grant level2 without break\n");
 346         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 347         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 348         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 349                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 350                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 351         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_RIGHTS_FILE_ALL;
 352         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_OPEN;
 353         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 354         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 355         fnum2 = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 356         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 357         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 358         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, LEVEL_II_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 359
 360         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 361
 362         printf("write should trigger a break to none on both\n");
 363         {
 364                 union smb_write wr;
 365                 wr.write.level = RAW_WRITE_WRITE;
 366                 wr.write.in.file.fnum = fnum2;
 367                 wr.write.in.count = 1;
 368                 wr.write.in.offset = 0;
 369                 wr.write.in.remaining = 0;
 370                 wr.write.in.data = (const uint8_t *)"x";
 371                 status = smb_raw_write(cli->tree, &wr);
 372                 CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 373         }
 374
 375         /* Now the oplock break request comes in. But right now we can't
 376          * answer it. Do another write */
 377
 378         msleep(100);
 379
 380         {
 381                 union smb_write wr;
 382                 wr.write.level = RAW_WRITE_WRITE;
 383                 wr.write.in.file.fnum = fnum2;
 384                 wr.write.in.count = 1;
 385                 wr.write.in.offset = 0;
 386                 wr.write.in.remaining = 0;
 387                 wr.write.in.data = (const uint8_t *)"x";
 388                 status = smb_raw_write(cli->tree, &wr);
 389                 CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 390         }
 391
 392         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 2);
 393         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 0);
 394         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 395
 396         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 397         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum2);
 398
 399         ZERO_STRUCT(break_info);
 400         smbcli_oplock_handler(cli->transport, oplock_handler_ack, cli->tree);
 401
 402         printf("Open with oplock after a on-oplock open should grant level2\n");
 403         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED;
 404         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_RIGHTS_FILE_ALL;
 405         io.ntcreatex.in.share_access = NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_READ|
 406                 NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_WRITE|
 407                 NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_DELETE;
 408         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_OPEN;
 409         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 410         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 411         fnum = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 412         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 413         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, 0);
 414         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 415         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, 0);
 416
 417         io.ntcreatex.in.flags = NTCREATEX_FLAGS_EXTENDED |
 418                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_OPLOCK |
 419                 NTCREATEX_FLAGS_REQUEST_BATCH_OPLOCK;
 420         io.ntcreatex.in.access_mask = SEC_RIGHTS_FILE_ALL;
 421         io.ntcreatex.in.share_access = NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_READ|
 422                 NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_WRITE|
 423                 NTCREATEX_SHARE_ACCESS_DELETE;
 424         io.ntcreatex.in.open_disposition = NTCREATEX_DISP_OPEN;
 425         status = smb_raw_open(cli->tree, mem_ctx, &io);
 426         CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 427         fnum2 = io.ntcreatex.out.file.fnum;
 428         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 0);
 429         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, 0);
 430         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 431         CHECK_VAL(io.ntcreatex.out.oplock_level, LEVEL_II_OPLOCK_RETURN);
 432
 433         printf("write should trigger a break to none\n");
 434         {
 435                 union smb_write wr;
 436                 wr.write.level = RAW_WRITE_WRITE;
 437                 wr.write.in.file.fnum = fnum;
 438                 wr.write.in.count = 1;
 439                 wr.write.in.offset = 0;
 440                 wr.write.in.remaining = 0;
 441                 wr.write.in.data = (const uint8_t *)"x";
 442                 status = smb_raw_write(cli->tree, &wr);
 443                 CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 444         }
 445
 446         /* Now the oplock break request comes in. But right now we can't
 447          * answer it. Do another write */
 448
 449         msleep(100);
 450
 451         {
 452                 union smb_write wr;
 453                 wr.write.level = RAW_WRITE_WRITE;
 454                 wr.write.in.file.fnum = fnum;
 455                 wr.write.in.count = 1;
 456                 wr.write.in.offset = 0;
 457                 wr.write.in.remaining = 0;
 458                 wr.write.in.data = (const uint8_t *)"x";
 459                 status = smb_raw_write(cli->tree, &wr);
 460                 CHECK_STATUS(status, NT_STATUS_OK);
 461         }
 462
 463         CHECK_VAL(break_info.count, 1);
 464         CHECK_VAL(break_info.fnum, fnum2);
 465         CHECK_VAL(break_info.level, 0);
 466         CHECK_VAL(break_info.failures, 0);
 467
 468 done:
 469         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum);
 470         smbcli_close(cli->tree, fnum2);
 471         smbcli_unlink(cli->tree, fname);
 472         return ret;
 473 }
 474
 475
 476 /*
 477    basic testing of oplocks
 478 */
 479 BOOL torture_raw_oplock(struct torture_context *torture)
 480 {
 481         struct smbcli_state *cli1;
 482         BOOL ret = True;
 483         TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx;
 484
 485         if (!torture_open_connection(&cli1)) {
 486                 return False;
 487         }
 488
 489         mem_ctx = talloc_init("torture_raw_oplock");
 490
 491         if (!test_oplock(cli1, mem_ctx)) {
 492                 ret = False;
 493         }
 494
 495         torture_close_connection(cli1);
 496         talloc_free(mem_ctx);
 497         return ret;
 498 }