source4/lib/charset/iconv.c

   1 /*
   2    Unix SMB/CIFS implementation.
   3    minimal iconv implementation
   4    Copyright (C) Andrew Tridgell 2001
   5    Copyright (C) Jelmer Vernooij 2002
   6
   7    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   9    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
  10    (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15    GNU General Public License for more details.
  16
  17    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  19 */
  20
  21 #include "includes.h"
  22 #include "lib/util/dlinklist.h"
  23 #include "system/iconv.h"
  24 #include "system/filesys.h"
  25 #include "param/param.h"
  26
  27
  28 /**
  29  * @file
  30  *
  31  * @brief Samba wrapper/stub for iconv character set conversion.
  32  *
  33  * iconv is the XPG2 interface for converting between character
  34  * encodings.  This file provides a Samba wrapper around it, and also
  35  * a simple reimplementation that is used if the system does not
  36  * implement iconv.
  37  *
  38  * Samba only works with encodings that are supersets of ASCII: ascii
  39  * characters like whitespace can be tested for directly, multibyte
  40  * sequences start with a byte with the high bit set, and strings are
  41  * terminated by a nul byte.
  42  *
  43  * Note that the only function provided by iconv is conversion between
  44  * characters.  It doesn't directly support operations like
  45  * uppercasing or comparison.  We have to convert to UTF-16LE and
  46  * compare there.
  47  *
  48  * @sa Samba Developers Guide
  49  **/
  50
  51 static size_t ascii_pull  (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  52 static size_t ascii_push  (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  53 static size_t utf8_pull   (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  54 static size_t utf8_push   (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  55 static size_t ucs2hex_pull(void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  56 static size_t ucs2hex_push(void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  57 static size_t iconv_copy  (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  58 static size_t iconv_swab  (void *,const char **, size_t *, char **, size_t *);
  59
  60 static const struct charset_functions builtin_functions[] = {
  61         /* windows is closest to UTF-16 */
  62         {"UCS-2LE",  iconv_copy, iconv_copy},
  63         {"UTF-16LE",  iconv_copy, iconv_copy},
  64         {"UCS-2BE",  iconv_swab, iconv_swab},
  65         {"UTF-16BE",  iconv_swab, iconv_swab},
  66
  67         /* we include the UTF-8 alias to cope with differing locale settings */
  68         {"UTF8",   utf8_pull,  utf8_push},
  69         {"UTF-8",   utf8_pull,  utf8_push},
  70         {"ASCII", ascii_pull, ascii_push},
  71         {"UCS2-HEX", ucs2hex_pull, ucs2hex_push}
  72 };
  73
  74 static struct charset_functions *charsets = NULL;
  75
  76 bool charset_register_backend(const void *_funcs)
  77 {
  78         struct charset_functions *funcs = (struct charset_functions *)memdup(_funcs,sizeof(struct charset_functions));
  79         struct charset_functions *c;
  80
  81         /* Check whether we already have this charset... */
  82         for (c = charsets; c != NULL; c = c->next) {
  83                 if(!strcasecmp(c->name, funcs->name)) {
  84                         DEBUG(2, ("Duplicate charset %s, not registering\n", funcs->name));
  85                         return false;
  86                 }
  87         }
  88
  89         funcs->next = funcs->prev = NULL;
  90         DLIST_ADD(charsets, funcs);
  91         return true;
  92 }
  93
  94 #ifdef HAVE_NATIVE_ICONV
  95 /* if there was an error then reset the internal state,
  96    this ensures that we don't have a shift state remaining for
  97    character sets like SJIS */
  98 static size_t sys_iconv(void *cd,
  99                         const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 100                         char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 101 {
 102         size_t ret = iconv((iconv_t)cd,
 103                            discard_const_p(char *, inbuf), inbytesleft,
 104                            outbuf, outbytesleft);
 105         if (ret == (size_t)-1) iconv(cd, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 106         return ret;
 107 }
 108 #endif
 109
 110 /**
 111  * This is a simple portable iconv() implementaion.
 112  *
 113  * It only knows about a very small number of character sets - just
 114  * enough that Samba works on systems that don't have iconv.
 115  **/
 116 size_t smb_iconv(smb_iconv_t cd,
 117                  const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 118                  char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 119 {
 120         char cvtbuf[2048];
 121         size_t bufsize;
 122
 123         /* in many cases we can go direct */
 124         if (cd->direct) {
 125                 return cd->direct(cd->cd_direct,
 126                                   inbuf, inbytesleft, outbuf, outbytesleft);
 127         }
 128
 129
 130         /* otherwise we have to do it chunks at a time */
 131         while (*inbytesleft > 0) {
 132                 char *bufp1 = cvtbuf;
 133                 const char *bufp2 = cvtbuf;
 134
 135                 bufsize = sizeof(cvtbuf);
 136
 137                 if (cd->pull(cd->cd_pull,
 138                              inbuf, inbytesleft, &bufp1, &bufsize) == -1
 139                     && errno != E2BIG) return -1;
 140
 141                 bufsize = sizeof(cvtbuf) - bufsize;
 142
 143                 if (cd->push(cd->cd_push,
 144                              &bufp2, &bufsize,
 145                              outbuf, outbytesleft) == -1) return -1;
 146         }
 147
 148         return 0;
 149 }
 150
 151 static bool is_utf16(const char *name)
 152 {
 153         return strcasecmp(name, "UCS-2LE") == 0 ||
 154                 strcasecmp(name, "UTF-16LE") == 0;
 155 }
 156
 157 /*
 158   simple iconv_open() wrapper
 159  */
 160 smb_iconv_t smb_iconv_open(const char *tocode, const char *fromcode)
 161 {
 162         smb_iconv_t ret;
 163         const struct charset_functions *from=NULL, *to=NULL;
 164         int i;
 165
 166         ret = (smb_iconv_t)talloc_named(NULL, sizeof(*ret),
 167                                         "iconv(%s,%s)", tocode, fromcode);
 168         if (!ret) {
 169                 errno = ENOMEM;
 170                 return (smb_iconv_t)-1;
 171         }
 172         memset(ret, 0, sizeof(*ret));
 173
 174         /* check for the simplest null conversion */
 175         if (strcmp(fromcode, tocode) == 0) {
 176                 ret->direct = iconv_copy;
 177                 return ret;
 178         }
 179
 180         for (i=0;i<ARRAY_SIZE(builtin_functions);i++) {
 181                 if (strcasecmp(fromcode, builtin_functions[i].name) == 0) {
 182                         from = &builtin_functions[i];
 183                 }
 184                 if (strcasecmp(tocode, builtin_functions[i].name) == 0) {
 185                         to = &builtin_functions[i];
 186                 }
 187         }
 188
 189         if (from == NULL) {
 190                 for (from=charsets; from; from=from->next) {
 191                         if (strcasecmp(from->name, fromcode) == 0) break;
 192                 }
 193         }
 194
 195         if (to == NULL) {
 196                 for (to=charsets; to; to=to->next) {
 197                         if (strcasecmp(to->name, tocode) == 0) break;
 198                 }
 199         }
 200
 201 #ifdef HAVE_NATIVE_ICONV
 202         if ((!from || !to) && !lp_parm_bool(NULL, "iconv", "native", true)) {
 203                 goto failed;
 204         }
 205         if (!from) {
 206                 ret->pull = sys_iconv;
 207                 ret->cd_pull = iconv_open("UTF-16LE", fromcode);
 208                 if (ret->cd_pull == (iconv_t)-1)
 209                         ret->cd_pull = iconv_open("UCS-2LE", fromcode);
 210                 if (ret->cd_pull == (iconv_t)-1) goto failed;
 211         }
 212
 213         if (!to) {
 214                 ret->push = sys_iconv;
 215                 ret->cd_push = iconv_open(tocode, "UTF-16LE");
 216                 if (ret->cd_push == (iconv_t)-1)
 217                         ret->cd_push = iconv_open(tocode, "UCS-2LE");
 218                 if (ret->cd_push == (iconv_t)-1) goto failed;
 219         }
 220 #else
 221         if (!from || !to) {
 222                 goto failed;
 223         }
 224 #endif
 225
 226         /* check for conversion to/from ucs2 */
 227         if (is_utf16(fromcode) && to) {
 228                 ret->direct = to->push;
 229                 return ret;
 230         }
 231         if (is_utf16(tocode) && from) {
 232                 ret->direct = from->pull;
 233                 return ret;
 234         }
 235
 236 #ifdef HAVE_NATIVE_ICONV
 237         if (is_utf16(fromcode)) {
 238                 ret->direct = sys_iconv;
 239                 ret->cd_direct = ret->cd_push;
 240                 ret->cd_push = NULL;
 241                 return ret;
 242         }
 243         if (is_utf16(tocode)) {
 244                 ret->direct = sys_iconv;
 245                 ret->cd_direct = ret->cd_pull;
 246                 ret->cd_pull = NULL;
 247                 return ret;
 248         }
 249 #endif
 250
 251         /* the general case has to go via a buffer */
 252         if (!ret->pull) ret->pull = from->pull;
 253         if (!ret->push) ret->push = to->push;
 254         return ret;
 255
 256 failed:
 257         talloc_free(ret);
 258         errno = EINVAL;
 259         return (smb_iconv_t)-1;
 260 }
 261
 262 /*
 263   simple iconv_close() wrapper
 264 */
 265 int smb_iconv_close(smb_iconv_t cd)
 266 {
 267 #ifdef HAVE_NATIVE_ICONV
 268         if (cd->cd_direct) iconv_close((iconv_t)cd->cd_direct);
 269         if (cd->cd_pull) iconv_close((iconv_t)cd->cd_pull);
 270         if (cd->cd_push) iconv_close((iconv_t)cd->cd_push);
 271 #endif
 272
 273         talloc_free(cd);
 274         return 0;
 275 }
 276
 277
 278 /**********************************************************************
 279  the following functions implement the builtin character sets in Samba
 280  and also the "test" character sets that are designed to test
 281  multi-byte character set support for english users
 282 ***********************************************************************/
 283 static size_t ascii_pull(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 284                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 285 {
 286         while (*inbytesleft >= 1 && *outbytesleft >= 2) {
 287                 (*outbuf)[0] = (*inbuf)[0];
 288                 (*outbuf)[1] = 0;
 289                 (*inbytesleft)  -= 1;
 290                 (*outbytesleft) -= 2;
 291                 (*inbuf)  += 1;
 292                 (*outbuf) += 2;
 293         }
 294
 295         if (*inbytesleft > 0) {
 296                 errno = E2BIG;
 297                 return -1;
 298         }
 299
 300         return 0;
 301 }
 302
 303 static size_t ascii_push(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 304                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 305 {
 306         int ir_count=0;
 307
 308         while (*inbytesleft >= 2 && *outbytesleft >= 1) {
 309                 (*outbuf)[0] = (*inbuf)[0] & 0x7F;
 310                 if ((*inbuf)[1]) ir_count++;
 311                 (*inbytesleft)  -= 2;
 312                 (*outbytesleft) -= 1;
 313                 (*inbuf)  += 2;
 314                 (*outbuf) += 1;
 315         }
 316
 317         if (*inbytesleft == 1) {
 318                 errno = EINVAL;
 319                 return -1;
 320         }
 321
 322         if (*inbytesleft > 1) {
 323                 errno = E2BIG;
 324                 return -1;
 325         }
 326
 327         return ir_count;
 328 }
 329
 330
 331 static size_t ucs2hex_pull(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 332                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 333 {
 334         while (*inbytesleft >= 1 && *outbytesleft >= 2) {
 335                 uint_t v;
 336
 337                 if ((*inbuf)[0] != '@') {
 338                         /* seven bit ascii case */
 339                         (*outbuf)[0] = (*inbuf)[0];
 340                         (*outbuf)[1] = 0;
 341                         (*inbytesleft)  -= 1;
 342                         (*outbytesleft) -= 2;
 343                         (*inbuf)  += 1;
 344                         (*outbuf) += 2;
 345                         continue;
 346                 }
 347                 /* it's a hex character */
 348                 if (*inbytesleft < 5) {
 349                         errno = EINVAL;
 350                         return -1;
 351                 }
 352
 353                 if (sscanf(&(*inbuf)[1], "%04x", &v) != 1) {
 354                         errno = EILSEQ;
 355                         return -1;
 356                 }
 357
 358                 (*outbuf)[0] = v&0xff;
 359                 (*outbuf)[1] = v>>8;
 360                 (*inbytesleft)  -= 5;
 361                 (*outbytesleft) -= 2;
 362                 (*inbuf)  += 5;
 363                 (*outbuf) += 2;
 364         }
 365
 366         if (*inbytesleft > 0) {
 367                 errno = E2BIG;
 368                 return -1;
 369         }
 370
 371         return 0;
 372 }
 373
 374 static size_t ucs2hex_push(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 375                            char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 376 {
 377         while (*inbytesleft >= 2 && *outbytesleft >= 1) {
 378                 char buf[6];
 379
 380                 if ((*inbuf)[1] == 0 &&
 381                     ((*inbuf)[0] & 0x80) == 0 &&
 382                     (*inbuf)[0] != '@') {
 383                         (*outbuf)[0] = (*inbuf)[0];
 384                         (*inbytesleft)  -= 2;
 385                         (*outbytesleft) -= 1;
 386                         (*inbuf)  += 2;
 387                         (*outbuf) += 1;
 388                         continue;
 389                 }
 390                 if (*outbytesleft < 5) {
 391                         errno = E2BIG;
 392                         return -1;
 393                 }
 394                 snprintf(buf, 6, "@%04x", SVAL(*inbuf, 0));
 395                 memcpy(*outbuf, buf, 5);
 396                 (*inbytesleft)  -= 2;
 397                 (*outbytesleft) -= 5;
 398                 (*inbuf)  += 2;
 399                 (*outbuf) += 5;
 400         }
 401
 402         if (*inbytesleft == 1) {
 403                 errno = EINVAL;
 404                 return -1;
 405         }
 406
 407         if (*inbytesleft > 1) {
 408                 errno = E2BIG;
 409                 return -1;
 410         }
 411
 412         return 0;
 413 }
 414
 415 static size_t iconv_swab(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 416                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 417 {
 418         int n;
 419
 420         n = MIN(*inbytesleft, *outbytesleft);
 421
 422         swab(*inbuf, *outbuf, (n&~1));
 423         if (n&1) {
 424                 (*outbuf)[n-1] = 0;
 425         }
 426
 427         (*inbytesleft) -= n;
 428         (*outbytesleft) -= n;
 429         (*inbuf) += n;
 430         (*outbuf) += n;
 431
 432         if (*inbytesleft > 0) {
 433                 errno = E2BIG;
 434                 return -1;
 435         }
 436
 437         return 0;
 438 }
 439
 440
 441 static size_t iconv_copy(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 442                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 443 {
 444         int n;
 445
 446         n = MIN(*inbytesleft, *outbytesleft);
 447
 448         memmove(*outbuf, *inbuf, n);
 449
 450         (*inbytesleft) -= n;
 451         (*outbytesleft) -= n;
 452         (*inbuf) += n;
 453         (*outbuf) += n;
 454
 455         if (*inbytesleft > 0) {
 456                 errno = E2BIG;
 457                 return -1;
 458         }
 459
 460         return 0;
 461 }
 462
 463 static size_t utf8_pull(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 464                          char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 465 {
 466         size_t in_left=*inbytesleft, out_left=*outbytesleft;
 467         const uint8_t *c = (const uint8_t *)*inbuf;
 468         uint8_t *uc = (uint8_t *)*outbuf;
 469
 470         while (in_left >= 1 && out_left >= 2) {
 471                 if ((c[0] & 0x80) == 0) {
 472                         uc[0] = c[0];
 473                         uc[1] = 0;
 474                         c  += 1;
 475                         in_left  -= 1;
 476                         out_left -= 2;
 477                         uc += 2;
 478                         continue;
 479                 }
 480
 481                 if ((c[0] & 0xe0) == 0xc0) {
 482                         if (in_left < 2 ||
 483                             (c[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
 484                                 errno = EILSEQ;
 485                                 goto error;
 486                         }
 487                         uc[1] = (c[0]>>2) & 0x7;
 488                         uc[0] = (c[0]<<6) | (c[1]&0x3f);
 489                         c  += 2;
 490                         in_left  -= 2;
 491                         out_left -= 2;
 492                         uc += 2;
 493                         continue;
 494                 }
 495
 496                 if ((c[0] & 0xf0) == 0xe0) {
 497                         if (in_left < 3 ||
 498                             (c[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
 499                             (c[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
 500                                 errno = EILSEQ;
 501                                 goto error;
 502                         }
 503                         uc[1] = ((c[0]&0xF)<<4) | ((c[1]>>2)&0xF);
 504                         uc[0] = (c[1]<<6) | (c[2]&0x3f);
 505                         c  += 3;
 506                         in_left  -= 3;
 507                         out_left -= 2;
 508                         uc += 2;
 509                         continue;
 510                 }
 511
 512                 if ((c[0] & 0xf8) == 0xf0) {
 513                         unsigned int codepoint;
 514                         if (in_left < 4 ||
 515                             (c[1] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
 516                             (c[2] & 0xc0) != 0x80 ||
 517                             (c[3] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
 518                                 errno = EILSEQ;
 519                                 goto error;
 520                         }
 521                         codepoint =
 522                                 (c[3]&0x3f) |
 523                                 ((c[2]&0x3f)<<6) |
 524                                 ((c[1]&0x3f)<<12) |
 525                                 ((c[0]&0x7)<<18);
 526                         if (codepoint < 0x10000) {
 527                                 /* accept UTF-8 characters that are not
 528                                    minimally packed, but pack the result */
 529                                 uc[0] = (codepoint & 0xFF);
 530                                 uc[1] = (codepoint >> 8);
 531                                 c += 4;
 532                                 in_left -= 4;
 533                                 out_left -= 2;
 534                                 uc += 2;
 535                                 continue;
 536                         }
 537
 538                         codepoint -= 0x10000;
 539
 540                         if (out_left < 4) {
 541                                 errno = E2BIG;
 542                                 goto error;
 543                         }
 544
 545                         uc[0] = (codepoint>>10) & 0xFF;
 546                         uc[1] = (codepoint>>18) | 0xd8;
 547                         uc[2] = codepoint & 0xFF;
 548                         uc[3] = ((codepoint>>8) & 0x3) | 0xdc;
 549                         c  += 4;
 550                         in_left  -= 4;
 551                         out_left -= 4;
 552                         uc += 4;
 553                         continue;
 554                 }
 555
 556                 /* we don't handle 5 byte sequences */
 557                 errno = EINVAL;
 558                 goto error;
 559         }
 560
 561         if (in_left > 0) {
 562                 errno = E2BIG;
 563                 goto error;
 564         }
 565
 566         *inbytesleft = in_left;
 567         *outbytesleft = out_left;
 568         *inbuf = (const char *)c;
 569         *outbuf = (char *)uc;
 570         return 0;
 571
 572 error:
 573         *inbytesleft = in_left;
 574         *outbytesleft = out_left;
 575         *inbuf = (const char *)c;
 576         *outbuf = (char *)uc;
 577         return -1;
 578 }
 579
 580 static size_t utf8_push(void *cd, const char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
 581                         char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
 582 {
 583         size_t in_left=*inbytesleft, out_left=*outbytesleft;
 584         uint8_t *c = (uint8_t *)*outbuf;
 585         const uint8_t *uc = (const uint8_t *)*inbuf;
 586
 587         while (in_left >= 2 && out_left >= 1) {
 588                 unsigned int codepoint;
 589
 590                 if (uc[1] == 0 && !(uc[0] & 0x80)) {
 591                         /* simplest case */
 592                         c[0] = uc[0];
 593                         in_left  -= 2;
 594                         out_left -= 1;
 595                         uc += 2;
 596                         c  += 1;
 597                         continue;
 598                 }
 599
 600                 if ((uc[1]&0xf8) == 0) {
 601                         /* next simplest case */
 602                         if (out_left < 2) {
 603                                 errno = E2BIG;
 604                                 goto error;
 605                         }
 606                         c[0] = 0xc0 | (uc[0]>>6) | (uc[1]<<2);
 607                         c[1] = 0x80 | (uc[0] & 0x3f);
 608                         in_left  -= 2;
 609                         out_left -= 2;
 610                         uc += 2;
 611                         c  += 2;
 612                         continue;
 613                 }
 614
 615                 if ((uc[1] & 0xfc) == 0xdc) {
 616                         /* its the second part of a 4 byte sequence. Illegal */
 617                         if (in_left < 4) {
 618                                 errno = EINVAL;
 619                         } else {
 620                                 errno = EILSEQ;
 621                         }
 622                         goto error;
 623                 }
 624
 625                 if ((uc[1] & 0xfc) != 0xd8) {
 626                         codepoint = uc[0] | (uc[1]<<8);
 627                         if (out_left < 3) {
 628                                 errno = E2BIG;
 629                                 goto error;
 630                         }
 631                         c[0] = 0xe0 | (codepoint >> 12);
 632                         c[1] = 0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3f);
 633                         c[2] = 0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3f);
 634
 635                         in_left  -= 2;
 636                         out_left -= 3;
 637                         uc  += 2;
 638                         c   += 3;
 639                         continue;
 640                 }
 641
 642                 /* its the first part of a 4 byte sequence */
 643                 if (in_left < 4) {
 644                         errno = EINVAL;
 645                         goto error;
 646                 }
 647                 if ((uc[3] & 0xfc) != 0xdc) {
 648                         errno = EILSEQ;
 649                         goto error;
 650                 }
 651                 codepoint = 0x10000 + (uc[2] | ((uc[3] & 0x3)<<8) |
 652                                        (uc[0]<<10) | ((uc[1] & 0x3)<<18));
 653
 654                 if (out_left < 4) {
 655                         errno = E2BIG;
 656                         goto error;
 657                 }
 658                 c[0] = 0xf0 | (codepoint >> 18);
 659                 c[1] = 0x80 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x3f);
 660                 c[2] = 0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3f);
 661                 c[3] = 0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3f);
 662
 663                 in_left  -= 4;
 664                 out_left -= 4;
 665                 uc       += 4;
 666                 c        += 4;
 667         }
 668
 669         if (in_left == 1) {
 670                 errno = EINVAL;
 671                 goto error;
 672         }
 673
 674         if (in_left > 1) {
 675                 errno = E2BIG;
 676                 goto error;
 677         }
 678
 679         *inbytesleft = in_left;
 680         *outbytesleft = out_left;
 681         *inbuf  = (const char *)uc;
 682         *outbuf = (char *)c;
 683
 684         return 0;
 685
 686 error:
 687         *inbytesleft = in_left;
 688         *outbytesleft = out_left;
 689         *inbuf  = (const char *)uc;
 690         *outbuf = (char *)c;
 691         return -1;
 692 }
 693
 694
 695