2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
63 debug - Specifies the debug message level
64 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
65 2 = verbose debug messages)
66 This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
67 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
68 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
73 The PCM OSS emulation module.
74 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
76 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
78 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
81 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
83 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
84 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
85 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
86 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
87 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
89 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
90 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
91 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
92 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
97 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
98 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
100 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
102 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
105 Common parameters for top sound card modules
106 --------------------------------------------
108 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
110 index - index (slot #) of sound card
111 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
112 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
113 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
114 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
116 id - card ID (identifier or name)
117 - Can be up to 15 characters long
118 - Default: the card type
119 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card
121 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
124 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
129 Module for AdLib FM cards.
131 port - port # for OPL chip
133 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
134 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
135 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
138 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
139 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
140 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
142 Port Client name Port name
143 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
145 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
147 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
149 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
150 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
152 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
157 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
159 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
161 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
166 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
168 port - port # for AD1848 chip
169 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
170 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
172 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
173 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
175 The power-management is supported.
180 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
182 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
183 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
185 This module supports multiple cards.
190 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
192 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
193 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
196 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
198 The power-management is supported.
203 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
207 The power-management is supported.
212 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
214 This module supports multiple cards.
216 The power-management is supported.
221 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
223 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
224 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
226 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
228 The power-management is supported.
233 Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
235 enable_hpi_hwdep - enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
237 This module supports multiple cards.
238 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
243 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
245 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
246 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
247 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
248 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
249 instead of probing. If this works for you
250 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
252 -1 -- Default behavior.
253 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
254 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
256 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
258 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
259 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
260 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
261 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
263 The power-management is supported.
265 Module snd-atiixp-modem
266 -----------------------
268 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
270 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
272 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
275 The power-management is supported.
277 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
278 -----------------------------------------
280 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
282 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
283 0 = Disable all workarounds
284 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
285 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
286 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
287 3 = Force both settings
288 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
290 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
291 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
292 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
293 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
294 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
295 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
296 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
299 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
300 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
301 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
306 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
309 port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
310 wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
311 irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
312 dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
313 dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
314 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
315 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
316 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
318 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
319 wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
322 "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
323 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
324 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
325 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
327 If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
328 full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
329 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
331 Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
332 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
334 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
335 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
340 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
343 port - port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
344 wss_port - port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
345 irq - IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
346 dma1 - DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
347 dma2 - DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
348 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
349 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
350 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
352 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe: port,
353 wss_port, irq and dma1 have to be specified. The other values are
356 "port" needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
357 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
358 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
359 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
361 If dma2 is specified and different from dma1, the card will operate in
362 full-duplex mode. When dma1=3, only dma2=0 is valid and the only way to
363 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
365 Generic settings are "port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
366 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388".
368 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
369 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
374 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
376 This module supports multiple cards.
381 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
383 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
385 The power-management is supported.
390 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
392 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
394 This module supports multiple cards.
399 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
401 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
402 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
404 This module supports multiple cards.
406 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
412 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
414 This module supports multiple cards.
420 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
422 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
424 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
426 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
427 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
428 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
429 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
430 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
431 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
432 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
433 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
434 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
435 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
437 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
439 The power-management is supported.
444 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
446 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
447 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
448 0 = disable (default)
449 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
451 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
453 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
455 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
457 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
459 The power-management is supported.
464 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
466 port - port # for CS4231 chip
467 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
468 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
469 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
470 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
471 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
473 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
474 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
476 The power-management is supported.
481 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
482 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
483 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
485 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
487 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
489 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
490 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
491 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
492 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
493 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
494 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
495 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
496 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
498 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
499 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
500 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
502 The power-management is supported.
504 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
505 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
510 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
512 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
514 This module supports multiple cards.
516 The power-management is supported.
521 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
522 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
524 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
525 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
526 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
528 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
529 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
530 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
533 The power-management is supported.
538 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
540 Module snd-cs5535audio
541 ----------------------
543 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
545 The power-management is supported.
550 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
551 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
552 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
553 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
554 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
555 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
556 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
557 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
558 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
559 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
561 reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
562 multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
563 subsystem - override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
564 consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. The default is
565 zero, which means no override.
567 This module supports multiple cards.
572 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
574 This module supports multiple cards.
575 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
580 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
582 This module supports multiple cards.
583 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
588 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
591 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
594 The power-management is supported.
599 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
600 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
601 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
603 pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
604 (default = 1, up to 4)
605 pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
606 (default = 8, up to 128)
607 hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
608 fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
610 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
611 behavior to each PCM device:
612 0 = interleaved with mmap support
613 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
614 2 = interleaved without mmap
615 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
617 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
618 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
619 buffer pages, in order to save the resources. If your apps need
620 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
623 The power-management is supported.
628 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
630 This module supports multiple cards.
631 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
636 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
637 * Sound Blaster Live!
638 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
639 * Emu APS (partially supported)
640 * Sound Blaster Audigy
642 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
643 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
644 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
645 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
646 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
647 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
648 enable_ir - enable IR
650 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
652 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
653 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
654 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
655 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
656 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
657 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
658 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
659 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
660 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
661 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
662 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
663 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
664 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
666 The power-management is supported.
671 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
673 This module supports multiple cards.
678 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
679 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
680 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
682 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
684 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
686 The power-management is supported.
691 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
692 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
693 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
694 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
696 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
697 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
699 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
701 The power-management is supported.
706 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
708 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
709 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
710 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
711 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
713 with isapnp=0, the following additional options are available:
714 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
715 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
716 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
718 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
719 and PnP with the ES968 chip.
724 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
726 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
728 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
730 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
731 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
732 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
733 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
734 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
735 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
737 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
738 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
739 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
741 The power-management is supported.
746 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
748 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
750 The power-management is supported.
755 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
757 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
758 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
759 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
760 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
761 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
763 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
764 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
766 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
768 The power-management is supported.
773 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
775 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
776 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
777 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
778 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
779 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
780 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
782 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
784 The power-management is supported.
789 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
791 This module supports multiple cards.
792 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
797 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
799 This module supports multiple cards.
800 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
802 Module snd-gusclassic
803 ---------------------
805 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
807 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
808 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
809 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
810 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
811 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
812 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
813 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
815 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
817 Module snd-gusextreme
818 ---------------------
820 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
822 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
823 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
824 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
825 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
826 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
827 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
828 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
829 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
830 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
831 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
832 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
834 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
839 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
841 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
842 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
843 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
844 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
845 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
846 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
847 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
849 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
854 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
856 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
857 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
861 [Multiple options for each card instance]
862 model - force the model name
863 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer
864 -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller
866 0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work
868 2 = POSBUF: use position buffer
869 3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture
870 4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
871 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
872 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
873 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
874 slots regardless what hardware reports back
875 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
876 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
877 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
878 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
879 value based on the controller chip.
880 patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
881 setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
882 available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
883 See HD-Audio.txt for details.
884 beep_mode - Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on); default
885 value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
887 [Single (global) options]
888 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
889 codecs (for debugging only)
890 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
891 power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
893 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
895 align_buffer_size - Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples
896 of 128 bytes. This is more efficient in terms of memory
897 access but isn't required by the HDA spec and prevents
898 users from specifying exact period/buffer sizes.
900 snoop - Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
902 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
904 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
907 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
908 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
909 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
910 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
911 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
912 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
914 The model name "generic" is treated as a special case. When this
915 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
916 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
918 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
919 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
920 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
921 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
923 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
924 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
926 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
927 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
928 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
929 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
930 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
931 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
934 position_fix=3 is specific to VIA devices. The position
935 of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
936 values. position_fix=4 is a combination mode, using LPIB
937 for playback and POSBUF for capture.
939 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
940 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
941 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
942 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
943 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
944 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
945 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
946 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
947 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
948 avoided as much as possible...
950 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
951 On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
952 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
953 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
954 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
955 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
956 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
957 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
958 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
959 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
961 The power-management is supported.
966 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
968 This module supports multiple cards.
970 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
971 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
972 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
974 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
976 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
977 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
978 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
979 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
980 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
986 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
988 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
989 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
990 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
992 See hdspm.txt for details.
997 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
998 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
999 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1000 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1001 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1002 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1003 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1004 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1007 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1008 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1010 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1011 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1012 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1013 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1015 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1018 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1019 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1020 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1021 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1022 phase88, mediastation
1023 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1024 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1025 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1027 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1028 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1031 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1032 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1033 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1034 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1040 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1041 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1042 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1043 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1045 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1046 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1047 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1050 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1051 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1052 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1053 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1054 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1055 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1057 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1058 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1059 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1067 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
1068 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1070 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1071 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1072 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1073 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1074 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1075 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1077 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1079 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1080 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1081 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1082 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1088 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1090 This module supports multiple cards.
1091 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1096 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1098 This module supports multiple cards.
1099 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1104 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1106 This module supports multiple cards.
1107 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1112 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1113 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1114 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
1115 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1116 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1118 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1121 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1122 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1123 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1124 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1125 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1127 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardware with buggy
1128 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1130 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1131 from the controller chip
1132 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1134 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1136 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1137 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1138 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1140 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1141 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1142 modules, respectively.
1144 The power-management is supported.
1146 Module snd-intel8x0m
1147 --------------------
1149 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1150 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1152 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1153 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1157 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1159 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1161 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1164 The power-management is supported.
1166 Module snd-interwave
1167 --------------------
1169 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1170 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1172 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1173 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1174 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1175 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1177 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1179 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1181 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1182 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1183 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1184 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1186 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1188 Module snd-interwave-stb
1189 ------------------------
1191 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1192 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1193 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1195 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1196 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1197 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1198 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1200 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1202 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1204 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1205 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1206 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1207 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1208 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1210 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1215 Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1216 MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1218 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1219 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1220 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1221 dma16 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1222 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1223 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1225 This module supports multiple cards.
1230 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1232 This module supports multiple cards.
1237 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1239 This module supports multiple cards.
1240 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1245 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1247 This module supports multiple cards.
1248 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1253 Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1255 This module supports multiple cards.
1260 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1262 This module supports multiple cards.
1267 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1269 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1270 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1271 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1274 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1276 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1277 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1278 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1279 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1282 The power-management is supported.
1287 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1289 This module supports multiple cards.
1290 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1295 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1297 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1299 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1300 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1301 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1302 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1303 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1304 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1305 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1306 wss - enable WSS mode
1307 ide - enable onboard ide support
1312 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1314 This module supports multiple cards.
1315 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1316 See MIXART.txt for details.
1318 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1319 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1320 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1321 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1322 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1327 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1329 This module supports multiple cards.
1330 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1335 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1337 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1338 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1339 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1341 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1343 Module snd-msnd-classic
1344 -----------------------
1346 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1349 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1350 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1351 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1353 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1354 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1355 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1356 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1357 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1358 reset - Reset all devices
1359 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1360 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1361 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1362 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1364 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1366 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1367 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1369 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1370 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1371 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1373 http://www.turtlebeach.com
1375 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1376 ------------------------
1378 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1380 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1381 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1382 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1384 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1385 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1386 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1388 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1389 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1394 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1397 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1398 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1399 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1401 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1406 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1408 This module supports multiple devices.
1409 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1414 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1416 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1417 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1418 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1419 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1420 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1421 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1422 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1423 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1426 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1428 The power-management is supported.
1430 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1431 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1432 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1433 the buffer_top option.
1435 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1436 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1437 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1438 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1439 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1442 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1443 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1444 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1445 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1446 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1447 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1448 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1450 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1451 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1452 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1453 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1455 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1456 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1457 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1458 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1460 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1461 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1462 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1463 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1464 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1465 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1471 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1473 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1475 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1477 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1478 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1479 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1480 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1481 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1482 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1483 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1484 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1486 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1487 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1489 The power-management is supported.
1491 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1492 -------------------------
1494 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1495 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1497 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1499 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1501 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1502 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1503 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1504 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1505 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1506 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1508 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1510 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1511 -------------------------
1513 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1515 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1517 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1519 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1520 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1521 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1522 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1523 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1524 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1525 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1527 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1532 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1534 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1536 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1538 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1539 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1540 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1541 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1542 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1543 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1544 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1546 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1551 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1554 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1555 * AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1557 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1558 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1559 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1560 * Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1561 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1563 * TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1564 * TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1566 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1571 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1573 nopcm - Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1574 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1576 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1577 even a few mixer controls.
1582 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1584 This module supports multiple cards.
1586 Module snd-portman2x4
1587 ---------------------
1589 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1591 This module supports multiple cards.
1593 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1594 ---------------------------------
1596 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1598 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1600 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1602 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1604 The power-management is supported.
1606 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1607 ------------------------------------
1609 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1611 For ARM architecture only.
1613 The power-management is supported.
1618 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1620 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1621 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1622 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1624 This module supports multiple cards.
1625 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1626 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1627 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1632 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1633 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1635 This module supports multiple cards.
1640 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1642 This module supports multiple cards.
1647 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1649 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1652 This module supports multiple cards.
1654 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1655 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1656 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1657 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1658 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1661 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1662 ---------------------------------------
1664 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1666 Module supports only one card.
1667 Module has no enable and index options.
1669 The power-management is supported.
1674 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1678 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1679 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1680 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1682 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1684 The power-management is supported.
1686 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1687 -----------------------------
1689 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1690 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1691 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1693 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1694 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1695 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1697 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1699 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1700 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1701 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1702 (snd-sbawe module only)
1703 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1704 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1705 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1707 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1709 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1710 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1711 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1712 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1715 The power-management is supported.
1720 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
1723 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1724 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1725 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1726 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1728 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1730 This module supports multiple cards.
1732 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1737 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
1739 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1740 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1741 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1742 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1743 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1744 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1745 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1747 This module supports multiple cards.
1749 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1751 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1752 --------------------------------------
1754 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1756 This module supports multiple cards.
1758 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1759 -------------------------------------
1761 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1763 This module supports multiple cards.
1765 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1766 -----------------------------------
1768 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1770 This module supports multiple cards.
1772 Module snd-wavefront
1773 --------------------
1775 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1777 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1778 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1779 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1781 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1783 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1784 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1785 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1786 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1787 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1788 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1789 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1790 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1791 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1793 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1794 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1795 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1796 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1797 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1798 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1799 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1800 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1801 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1802 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1803 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1805 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1806 based on my limited experimentation.
1807 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1808 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1809 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1810 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1812 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1813 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1814 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1816 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1818 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1819 (default:wavefront.os)
1820 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1821 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1822 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1824 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1826 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1828 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1831 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1833 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1834 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1835 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1836 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1837 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1839 Module snd-sonicvibes
1840 ---------------------
1842 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1843 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1845 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1846 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1847 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1849 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1851 Module snd-serial-u16550
1852 ------------------------
1854 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1856 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1857 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1858 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1860 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1862 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1864 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1865 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1866 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1868 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1869 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1874 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1875 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1877 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1880 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1881 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1882 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1883 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1884 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1886 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1887 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1889 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1891 The power-management is supported.
1896 Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
1898 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1900 Module snd-usb-audio
1901 --------------------
1903 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1905 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1906 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1907 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1908 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1909 - Influence depends on the device
1911 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1912 interface (default: no)
1913 autoclock - Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices
1915 quirk_alias - Quirk alias list, pass strings like
1916 "0123abcd:5678beef", which applies the existing
1917 quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new device
1920 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1922 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1923 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1925 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1926 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1927 buggy USB device or the controller.
1928 NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
1929 If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
1930 adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
1932 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1933 --------------------
1935 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1936 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1937 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1938 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1939 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1941 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1943 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1944 --------------------
1946 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1948 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1950 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1951 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1956 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1957 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1959 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1961 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1962 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1963 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1964 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1965 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1966 rate and different sample rates on different
1968 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1969 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1970 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1972 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1974 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1975 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1976 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1977 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1978 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1980 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1981 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1982 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1983 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1985 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1986 except for the known devices since the output is often
1987 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1989 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1990 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1991 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1993 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1994 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1995 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1996 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1997 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1998 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1999 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
2000 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
2001 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
2004 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2005 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2007 The power-management is supported.
2009 Module snd-via82xx-modem
2010 ------------------------
2012 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2014 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2016 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2018 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2021 The power-management is supported.
2026 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2027 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2028 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2030 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2032 This module supports multiple cards.
2037 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2038 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
2039 Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2041 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2046 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2048 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2049 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2051 This module supports multiple cards.
2053 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2054 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2055 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2056 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2057 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
2058 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2060 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
2062 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
2063 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2064 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
2065 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2066 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
2067 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2068 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2070 The power-management is supported.
2075 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2077 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2079 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2080 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2082 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2083 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2084 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2085 longer require a config file.
2087 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2088 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2089 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2090 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2091 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2093 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2095 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2098 The power-management is supported.
2103 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2105 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2106 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2107 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2108 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2109 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2111 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2113 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2115 The power-management is supported.
2117 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2118 --------------------
2120 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2122 The power-management is supported.
2128 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2129 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2130 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2131 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2132 specifications from version to version :-)
2134 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2135 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2136 the proper value with this option.
2138 The following strings are accepted:
2139 - default Don't override the default setting
2140 - none Disable the quirk
2141 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2142 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2143 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2144 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2145 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2146 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2147 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2149 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2150 ... are accepted, too.
2152 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2153 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2156 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2157 ============================
2159 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2160 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2161 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2162 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2163 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2165 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2166 will be not built in.
2169 Module Autoloading Support
2170 ==========================
2172 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2173 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2174 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2176 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2177 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2178 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2179 as the same card module.
2181 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2182 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2183 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2184 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2185 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2187 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2188 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2189 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2190 sound cards in that option.
2192 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2193 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2194 cards is kept consistent.
2196 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2198 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2200 options snd cards_limit=2
2201 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2202 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2203 options snd-interwave index=0
2204 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2206 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2207 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2208 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2210 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2211 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2213 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2214 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2217 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2219 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2220 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2221 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2222 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2224 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2225 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2226 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2227 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2228 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2230 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2231 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2232 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2235 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2236 =======================================
2238 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2239 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2240 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2241 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2242 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2243 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2244 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2245 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2246 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2248 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2249 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2250 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2251 playback, respectively.
2253 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2254 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2257 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2258 ==============================
2260 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2261 -------------------------------
2262 String "erase" - erase all additional information about OSS applications
2263 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2265 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2266 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2267 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2268 <options> - optional parameters
2269 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2270 this channel but does not want to use it.
2271 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2272 It's good for Quake etc...
2273 - direct don't use plugins
2274 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2275 - non-block force non-block mode
2276 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2278 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2279 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2280 instead of filled blocks
2282 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2283 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2284 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2287 Early Buffer Allocation
2288 =======================
2290 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2291 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2292 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2293 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2294 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2295 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2297 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2298 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2299 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2301 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2303 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2304 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2305 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2306 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2307 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2308 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2309 than 0. The max number is 4.
2313 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2320 ALSA project homepage
2321 http://www.alsa-project.org
2324 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2327 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2330 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
git.samba.org / sfrench / cifs-2.6.git / blob