tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 #include <math.h>
   3 #include <stdio.h>
   4 #include "evsel.h"
   5 #include "stat.h"
   6 #include "color.h"
   7 #include "debug.h"
   8 #include "pmu.h"
   9 #include "rblist.h"
  10 #include "evlist.h"
  11 #include "expr.h"
  12 #include "metricgroup.h"
  13 #include "cgroup.h"
  14 #include "units.h"
  15 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
  16 #include "iostat.h"
  17 #include "util/hashmap.h"
  18
  19 /*
  20  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  21  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  22  * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  23  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  24  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  25  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  26  */
  27
  28 struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  29 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  30 struct rusage_stats ru_stats;
  31
  32 struct saved_value {
  33         struct rb_node rb_node;
  34         struct evsel *evsel;
  35         enum stat_type type;
  36         int ctx;
  37         int map_idx;  /* cpu or thread map index */
  38         struct cgroup *cgrp;
  39         struct stats stats;
  40         u64 metric_total;
  41         int metric_other;
  42 };
  43
  44 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  45 {
  46         struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  47                                              struct saved_value,
  48                                              rb_node);
  49         const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  50
  51         if (a->map_idx != b->map_idx)
  52                 return a->map_idx - b->map_idx;
  53
  54         /*
  55          * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  56          * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  57          * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  58          * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  59          * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  60          */
  61         if (a->type != b->type)
  62                 return a->type - b->type;
  63
  64         if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  65                 return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  66
  67         if (a->cgrp != b->cgrp)
  68                 return (char *)a->cgrp < (char *)b->cgrp ? -1 : +1;
  69
  70         if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  71                 return 0;
  72         if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  73                 return -1;
  74         return +1;
  75 }
  76
  77 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  78                                      const void *entry)
  79 {
  80         struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  81
  82         if (!nd)
  83                 return NULL;
  84         memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  85         return &nd->rb_node;
  86 }
  87
  88 static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  89                                struct rb_node *rb_node)
  90 {
  91         struct saved_value *v;
  92
  93         BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  94         v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  95         free(v);
  96 }
  97
  98 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
  99                                               int map_idx,
 100                                               bool create,
 101                                               enum stat_type type,
 102                                               int ctx,
 103                                               struct runtime_stat *st,
 104                                               struct cgroup *cgrp)
 105 {
 106         struct rblist *rblist;
 107         struct rb_node *nd;
 108         struct saved_value dm = {
 109                 .map_idx = map_idx,
 110                 .evsel = evsel,
 111                 .type = type,
 112                 .ctx = ctx,
 113                 .cgrp = cgrp,
 114         };
 115
 116         rblist = &st->value_list;
 117
 118         /* don't use context info for clock events */
 119         if (type == STAT_NSECS)
 120                 dm.ctx = 0;
 121
 122         nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 123         if (nd)
 124                 return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 125         if (create) {
 126                 rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 127                 nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 128                 if (nd)
 129                         return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 130         }
 131         return NULL;
 132 }
 133
 134 void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 135 {
 136         struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 137
 138         rblist__init(rblist);
 139         rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 140         rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 141         rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 142 }
 143
 144 void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 145 {
 146         rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 147 }
 148
 149 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 150 {
 151         runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 152 }
 153
 154 static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 155 {
 156         int ctx = 0;
 157
 158         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 159                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 160         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 161                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 162         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 163                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 164         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 165                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 166         if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 167                 ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 168
 169         return ctx;
 170 }
 171
 172 static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 173 {
 174         struct rblist *rblist;
 175         struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 176
 177         rblist = &st->value_list;
 178         next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 179         while (next) {
 180                 pos = next;
 181                 next = rb_next(pos);
 182                 memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 183                        0,
 184                        sizeof(struct stats));
 185         }
 186 }
 187
 188 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 189 {
 190         reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 191         memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 192         memset(&ru_stats, 0, sizeof(ru_stats));
 193 }
 194
 195 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 196 {
 197         reset_stat(st);
 198 }
 199
 200 struct runtime_stat_data {
 201         int ctx;
 202         struct cgroup *cgrp;
 203 };
 204
 205 static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 206                                 enum stat_type type,
 207                                 int map_idx, u64 count,
 208                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 209 {
 210         struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, true, type,
 211                                                    rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 212
 213         if (v)
 214                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 215 }
 216
 217 /*
 218  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 219  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 220  * instruction rates, etc:
 221  */
 222 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 223                                     int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st)
 224 {
 225         u64 count_ns = count;
 226         struct saved_value *v;
 227         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 228                 .ctx = evsel_context(counter),
 229                 .cgrp = counter->cgrp,
 230         };
 231
 232         count *= counter->scale;
 233
 234         if (evsel__is_clock(counter))
 235                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, count_ns, &rsd);
 236         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 237                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 238         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 239                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 240         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 241                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 242         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 243                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 244         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 245                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 246                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 247         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 248                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 249                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 250         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 251                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 252                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 253         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 254                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 255                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 256         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 257                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 258                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 259         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RETIRING))
 260                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING,
 261                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 262         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC))
 263                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC,
 264                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 265         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND))
 266                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND,
 267                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 268         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND))
 269                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND,
 270                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 271         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS))
 272                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS,
 273                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 274         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT))
 275                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT,
 276                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 277         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT))
 278                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT,
 279                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 280         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND))
 281                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND,
 282                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 283         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 284                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 285                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 286         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 287                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 288                                     map_idx, count, &rsd);
 289         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 290                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 291         else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 292                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 293         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 294                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 295         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 296                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 297         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 298                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 299         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 300                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 301         else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 302                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 303         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 304                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 305         else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 306                 update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 307
 308         if (counter->collect_stat) {
 309                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter, map_idx, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 310                                        rsd.cgrp);
 311                 update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 312                 if (counter->metric_leader)
 313                         v->metric_total += count;
 314         } else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 315                 v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 316                                        map_idx, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st, rsd.cgrp);
 317                 v->metric_total += count;
 318                 v->metric_other++;
 319         }
 320 }
 321
 322 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
 323 enum grc_type {
 324         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 325         GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 326         GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 327         GRC_MAX_NR
 328 };
 329
 330 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 331 {
 332         static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 333                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 334                 [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 335                 [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 336         };
 337         const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 338
 339         if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 340                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 341         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 342                 color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 343         else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 344                 color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 345
 346         return color;
 347 }
 348
 349 static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 350                                                 const char *name)
 351 {
 352         struct evsel *c2;
 353
 354         evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 355                 if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 356                         return c2;
 357         }
 358         return NULL;
 359 }
 360
 361 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 362 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 363 {
 364         struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 365         bool found;
 366         struct expr_parse_ctx *ctx;
 367         struct hashmap_entry *cur;
 368         size_t bkt;
 369         int i;
 370
 371         ctx = expr__ctx_new();
 372         if (!ctx) {
 373                 pr_debug("expr__ctx_new failed");
 374                 return;
 375         }
 376         evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 377                 bool invalid = false;
 378
 379                 leader = evsel__leader(counter);
 380                 if (!counter->metric_expr)
 381                         continue;
 382
 383                 expr__ctx_clear(ctx);
 384                 metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 385                 if (!metric_events) {
 386                         if (expr__find_ids(counter->metric_expr,
 387                                            counter->name,
 388                                            ctx) < 0)
 389                                 continue;
 390
 391                         metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 392                                                hashmap__size(ctx->ids) + 1);
 393                         if (!metric_events) {
 394                                 expr__ctx_free(ctx);
 395                                 return;
 396                         }
 397                         counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 398                 }
 399
 400                 i = 0;
 401                 hashmap__for_each_entry(ctx->ids, cur, bkt) {
 402                         const char *metric_name = cur->pkey;
 403
 404                         found = false;
 405                         if (leader) {
 406                                 /* Search in group */
 407                                 for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 408                                         if (!strcasecmp(oc->name,
 409                                                         metric_name) &&
 410                                                 !oc->collect_stat) {
 411                                                 found = true;
 412                                                 break;
 413                                         }
 414                                 }
 415                         }
 416                         if (!found) {
 417                                 /* Search ignoring groups */
 418                                 oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list,
 419                                                            metric_name);
 420                         }
 421                         if (!oc) {
 422                                 /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 423                                 static char *printed;
 424
 425                                 /*
 426                                  * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 427                                  * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 428                                  * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 429                                  * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 430                                  * events.
 431                                  */
 432                                 if (!printed ||
 433                                     strcasecmp(printed, metric_name)) {
 434                                         fprintf(stderr,
 435                                                 "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 436                                                 metric_name,
 437                                                 counter->name);
 438                                         free(printed);
 439                                         printed = strdup(metric_name);
 440                                 }
 441                                 invalid = true;
 442                                 continue;
 443                         }
 444                         metric_events[i++] = oc;
 445                         oc->collect_stat = true;
 446                 }
 447                 metric_events[i] = NULL;
 448                 if (invalid) {
 449                         free(metric_events);
 450                         counter->metric_events = NULL;
 451                         counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 452                 }
 453         }
 454         expr__ctx_free(ctx);
 455 }
 456
 457 static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 458                                enum stat_type type, int map_idx,
 459                                struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 460 {
 461         struct saved_value *v;
 462
 463         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 464         if (!v)
 465                 return 0.0;
 466
 467         return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 468 }
 469
 470 static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 471                              enum stat_type type, int map_idx,
 472                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 473 {
 474         struct saved_value *v;
 475
 476         v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 477         if (!v)
 478                 return 0.0;
 479
 480         return v->stats.n;
 481 }
 482
 483 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 484                                           int map_idx, double avg,
 485                                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 486                                           struct runtime_stat *st,
 487                                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 488 {
 489         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 490         const char *color;
 491
 492         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 493
 494         if (total)
 495                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 496
 497         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 498
 499         if (ratio)
 500                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 501                                   ratio);
 502         else
 503                 out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 504 }
 505
 506 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 507                                          int map_idx, double avg,
 508                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 509                                          struct runtime_stat *st,
 510                                          struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 511 {
 512         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 513         const char *color;
 514
 515         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 516
 517         if (total)
 518                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 519
 520         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 521
 522         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 523 }
 524
 525 static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 526                                 int map_idx, double avg,
 527                                 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 528                                 struct runtime_stat *st,
 529                                 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 530 {
 531         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 532         const char *color;
 533
 534         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, rsd);
 535
 536         if (total)
 537                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 538
 539         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 540
 541         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 542 }
 543
 544 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 545                                    int map_idx, double avg,
 546                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 547                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 548                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 549 {
 550         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 551         const char *color;
 552
 553         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 554
 555         if (total)
 556                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 557
 558         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 559
 560         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache accesses", ratio);
 561 }
 562
 563 static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 564                                    int map_idx, double avg,
 565                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 566                                    struct runtime_stat *st,
 567                                    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 568 {
 569         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 570         const char *color;
 571
 572         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 573
 574         if (total)
 575                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 576
 577         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 578         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache accesses", ratio);
 579 }
 580
 581 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 582                                     int map_idx, double avg,
 583                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 584                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 585                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 586 {
 587         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 588         const char *color;
 589
 590         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 591
 592         if (total)
 593                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 594
 595         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 596         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 597 }
 598
 599 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 600                                     int map_idx, double avg,
 601                                     struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 602                                     struct runtime_stat *st,
 603                                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 604 {
 605         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 606         const char *color;
 607
 608         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 609
 610         if (total)
 611                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 612
 613         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 614         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 615 }
 616
 617 static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 618                                   int map_idx, double avg,
 619                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 620                                   struct runtime_stat *st,
 621                                   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 622 {
 623         double total, ratio = 0.0;
 624         const char *color;
 625
 626         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 627
 628         if (total)
 629                 ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 630
 631         color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 632         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache accesses", ratio);
 633 }
 634
 635 /*
 636  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 637  *
 638  * Basic concept following
 639  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 640  * ISPASS14
 641  *
 642  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 643  *
 644  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 645  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 646  * (for example branch mispredictions)
 647  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 648  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 649  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 650  *
 651  * The formulas are computed in slots.
 652  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 653  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 654  *
 655  * Formulas:
 656  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 657  *                      TotalSlots
 658  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 659  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 660  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 661  *
 662  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 663  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 664  *
 665  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 666  *
 667  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 668  *
 669  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 670  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 671  *
 672  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 673  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 674  * support Level 1 TopDown.
 675  */
 676
 677 static double sanitize_val(double x)
 678 {
 679         if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 680                 return 0.0;
 681         return x;
 682 }
 683
 684 static double td_total_slots(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 685                              struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 686 {
 687         return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, map_idx, rsd);
 688 }
 689
 690 static double td_bad_spec(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 691                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 692 {
 693         double bad_spec = 0;
 694         double total_slots;
 695         double total;
 696
 697         total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, map_idx, rsd) -
 698                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, map_idx, rsd) +
 699                 runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, map_idx, rsd);
 700
 701         total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 702         if (total_slots)
 703                 bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 704         return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 705 }
 706
 707 static double td_retiring(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 708                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 709 {
 710         double retiring = 0;
 711         double total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 712         double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 713                                             map_idx, rsd);
 714
 715         if (total_slots)
 716                 retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 717         return retiring;
 718 }
 719
 720 static double td_fe_bound(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 721                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 722 {
 723         double fe_bound = 0;
 724         double total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 725         double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 726                                             map_idx, rsd);
 727
 728         if (total_slots)
 729                 fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 730         return fe_bound;
 731 }
 732
 733 static double td_be_bound(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 734                           struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 735 {
 736         double sum = (td_fe_bound(map_idx, st, rsd) +
 737                       td_bad_spec(map_idx, st, rsd) +
 738                       td_retiring(map_idx, st, rsd));
 739         if (sum == 0)
 740                 return 0;
 741         return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 742 }
 743
 744 /*
 745  * Kernel reports metrics multiplied with slots. To get back
 746  * the ratios we need to recreate the sum.
 747  */
 748
 749 static double td_metric_ratio(int map_idx, enum stat_type type,
 750                               struct runtime_stat *stat,
 751                               struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 752 {
 753         double sum = runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, map_idx, rsd) +
 754                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) +
 755                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) +
 756                 runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, map_idx, rsd);
 757         double d = runtime_stat_avg(stat, type, map_idx, rsd);
 758
 759         if (sum)
 760                 return d / sum;
 761         return 0;
 762 }
 763
 764 /*
 765  * ... but only if most of the values are actually available.
 766  * We allow two missing.
 767  */
 768
 769 static bool full_td(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *stat,
 770                     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 771 {
 772         int c = 0;
 773
 774         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 775                 c++;
 776         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 777                 c++;
 778         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 779                 c++;
 780         if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 781                 c++;
 782         return c >= 2;
 783 }
 784
 785 static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config, int map_idx,
 786                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 787                            struct runtime_stat *st,
 788                            struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 789 {
 790         double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 791         const char *color = NULL;
 792
 793         smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, map_idx, rsd);
 794         aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, map_idx, rsd);
 795         cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 796
 797         if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 798                 return;
 799
 800         if (smi_num)
 801                 cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 802
 803         if (cost > 10)
 804                 color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 805         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 806         out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 807 }
 808
 809 static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
 810                           struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 811                           struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
 812                           int map_idx,
 813                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 814 {
 815         double scale;
 816         char *n;
 817         int i, j, ret;
 818
 819         for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 820                 struct saved_value *v;
 821                 struct stats *stats;
 822                 u64 metric_total = 0;
 823                 int source_count;
 824
 825                 if (evsel__is_tool(metric_events[i])) {
 826                         source_count = 1;
 827                         switch (metric_events[i]->tool_event) {
 828                         case PERF_TOOL_DURATION_TIME:
 829                                 stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 830                                 scale = 1e-9;
 831                                 break;
 832                         case PERF_TOOL_USER_TIME:
 833                                 stats = &ru_stats.ru_utime_usec_stat;
 834                                 scale = 1e-6;
 835                                 break;
 836                         case PERF_TOOL_SYSTEM_TIME:
 837                                 stats = &ru_stats.ru_stime_usec_stat;
 838                                 scale = 1e-6;
 839                                 break;
 840                         case PERF_TOOL_NONE:
 841                                 pr_err("Invalid tool event 'none'");
 842                                 abort();
 843                         case PERF_TOOL_MAX:
 844                                 pr_err("Invalid tool event 'max'");
 845                                 abort();
 846                         default:
 847                                 pr_err("Unknown tool event '%s'", evsel__name(metric_events[i]));
 848                                 abort();
 849                         }
 850                 } else {
 851                         v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], map_idx, false,
 852                                                STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 853                                                metric_events[i]->cgrp);
 854                         if (!v)
 855                                 break;
 856                         stats = &v->stats;
 857                         /*
 858                          * If an event was scaled during stat gathering, reverse
 859                          * the scale before computing the metric.
 860                          */
 861                         scale = 1.0 / metric_events[i]->scale;
 862
 863                         source_count = evsel__source_count(metric_events[i]);
 864
 865                         if (v->metric_other)
 866                                 metric_total = v->metric_total * scale;
 867                 }
 868                 n = strdup(evsel__metric_id(metric_events[i]));
 869                 if (!n)
 870                         return -ENOMEM;
 871
 872                 expr__add_id_val_source_count(pctx, n,
 873                                         metric_total ? : avg_stats(stats) * scale,
 874                                         source_count);
 875         }
 876
 877         for (j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
 878                 ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
 879                 if (ret)
 880                         return ret;
 881         }
 882
 883         return i;
 884 }
 885
 886 static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 887                            const char *metric_expr,
 888                            struct evsel **metric_events,
 889                            struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 890                            char *name,
 891                            const char *metric_name,
 892                            const char *metric_unit,
 893                            int runtime,
 894                            int map_idx,
 895                            struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 896                            struct runtime_stat *st)
 897 {
 898         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 899         struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
 900         double ratio, scale;
 901         int i;
 902         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 903
 904         pctx = expr__ctx_new();
 905         if (!pctx)
 906                 return;
 907
 908         if (config->user_requested_cpu_list)
 909                 pctx->sctx.user_requested_cpu_list = strdup(config->user_requested_cpu_list);
 910         pctx->sctx.runtime = runtime;
 911         pctx->sctx.system_wide = config->system_wide;
 912         i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, pctx, map_idx, st);
 913         if (i < 0) {
 914                 expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 915                 return;
 916         }
 917         if (!metric_events[i]) {
 918                 if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, metric_expr) == 0) {
 919                         char *unit;
 920                         char metric_bf[64];
 921
 922                         if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 923                                 if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 924                                         &unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 925                                         ratio *= scale;
 926                                 }
 927                                 if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
 928                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 929                                           "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
 930                                 else
 931                                         scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 932                                           "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 933
 934                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 935                                              metric_bf, ratio);
 936                         } else {
 937                                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.2f",
 938                                         metric_name ?
 939                                         metric_name :
 940                                         out->force_header ?  name : "",
 941                                         ratio);
 942                         }
 943                 } else {
 944                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 945                                      out->force_header ?
 946                                      (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 947                 }
 948         } else {
 949                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 950                              out->force_header ?
 951                              (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 952         }
 953
 954         expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 955 }
 956
 957 double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st)
 958 {
 959         struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
 960         double ratio = 0.0;
 961
 962         pctx = expr__ctx_new();
 963         if (!pctx)
 964                 return NAN;
 965
 966         if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, pctx, map_idx, st) < 0)
 967                 goto out;
 968
 969         if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, mexp->metric_expr))
 970                 ratio = 0.0;
 971
 972 out:
 973         expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 974         return ratio;
 975 }
 976
 977 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 978                                    struct evsel *evsel,
 979                                    double avg, int map_idx,
 980                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 981                                    struct rblist *metric_events,
 982                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 983 {
 984         void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 985         print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 986         double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 987         const char *color = NULL;
 988         struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 989                 .ctx = evsel_context(evsel),
 990                 .cgrp = evsel->cgrp,
 991         };
 992         struct metric_event *me;
 993         int num = 1;
 994
 995         if (config->iostat_run) {
 996                 iostat_print_metric(config, evsel, out);
 997         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 998                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
 999
1000                 if (total) {
1001                         ratio = avg / total;
1002                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
1003                                         "insn per cycle", ratio);
1004                 } else {
1005                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
1006                 }
1007
1008                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT, map_idx, &rsd);
1009
1010                 total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
1011                                                     STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
1012                                                     map_idx, &rsd));
1013
1014                 if (total && avg) {
1015                         out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1016                         ratio = total / avg;
1017                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
1018                                         "stalled cycles per insn",
1019                                         ratio);
1020                 }
1021         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
1022                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1023                         print_branch_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1024                 else
1025                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
1026         } else if (
1027                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1028                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1029                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1030                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1031
1032                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1033                         print_l1_dcache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1034                 else
1035                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache accesses", 0);
1036         } else if (
1037                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1038                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
1039                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1040                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1041
1042                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1043                         print_l1_icache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1044                 else
1045                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache accesses", 0);
1046         } else if (
1047                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1048                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1049                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1050                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1051
1052                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1053                         print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1054                 else
1055                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache accesses", 0);
1056         } else if (
1057                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1058                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1059                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1060                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1061
1062                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1063                         print_itlb_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1064                 else
1065                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache accesses", 0);
1066         } else if (
1067                 evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1068                 evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1069                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1070                                          ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1071
1072                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1073                         print_ll_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1074                 else
1075                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache accesses", 0);
1076         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
1077                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, &rsd);
1078
1079                 if (total)
1080                         ratio = avg * 100 / total;
1081
1082                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1083                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
1084                                      "of all cache refs", ratio);
1085                 else
1086                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
1087         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
1088                 print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1089         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
1090                 print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1091         } else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
1092                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd);
1093
1094                 if (total) {
1095                         ratio = avg / total;
1096                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
1097                 } else {
1098                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
1099                 }
1100         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
1101                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
1102
1103                 if (total)
1104                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
1105                                         "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
1106                                         100.0 * (avg / total));
1107                 else
1108                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
1109                                      0);
1110         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
1111                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
1112                 total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
1113
1114                 if (total2 < avg)
1115                         total2 = avg;
1116                 if (total)
1117                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
1118                                 100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1119                 else
1120                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
1121         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
1122                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
1123
1124                 if (avg)
1125                         ratio = total / avg;
1126
1127                 if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1128                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
1129                                      "cycles / transaction", ratio);
1130                 else
1131                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
1132                                       0);
1133         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
1134                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
1135
1136                 if (avg)
1137                         ratio = total / avg;
1138
1139                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
1140         } else if (evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
1141                 if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
1142                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
1143                                      avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
1144                 else
1145                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
1146         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
1147                 double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1148
1149                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1150                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1151                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1152                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1153         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
1154                 double retiring = td_retiring(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1155
1156                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1157                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1158                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1159                                 retiring * 100.);
1160         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1161                 double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1162
1163                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1164                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1165                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1166                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1167         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1168                 double be_bound = td_be_bound(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1169                 const char *name = "backend bound";
1170                 static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1171
1172                 /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1173                 if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1174                         have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1175                                         "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1176                 if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1177                         name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1178
1179                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1180                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1181                 if (td_total_slots(map_idx, st, &rsd) > 0)
1182                         print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1183                                         be_bound * 100.);
1184                 else
1185                         print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1186         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RETIRING) &&
1187                    full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1188                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1189                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1190                                                   &rsd);
1191                 if (retiring > 0.7)
1192                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1193                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Retiring",
1194                                 retiring * 100.);
1195         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND) &&
1196                    full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1197                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1198                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1199                                                   &rsd);
1200                 if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1201                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1202                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Frontend Bound",
1203                                 fe_bound * 100.);
1204         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND) &&
1205                    full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1206                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1207                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1208                                                   &rsd);
1209                 if (be_bound > 0.2)
1210                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1211                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Backend Bound",
1212                                 be_bound * 100.);
1213         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC) &&
1214                    full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1215                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1216                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1217                                                   &rsd);
1218                 if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1219                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1220                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Bad Speculation",
1221                                 bad_spec * 100.);
1222         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS) &&
1223                         full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1224                 double retiring = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1225                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1226                                                   &rsd);
1227                 double heavy_ops = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1228                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS, st,
1229                                                    &rsd);
1230                 double light_ops = retiring - heavy_ops;
1231
1232                 if (retiring > 0.7 && heavy_ops > 0.1)
1233                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1234                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Heavy Operations",
1235                                 heavy_ops * 100.);
1236                 if (retiring > 0.7 && light_ops > 0.6)
1237                         color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1238                 else
1239                         color = NULL;
1240                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Light Operations",
1241                                 light_ops * 100.);
1242         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT) &&
1243                         full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1244                 double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1245                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1246                                                   &rsd);
1247                 double br_mis = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1248                                                 STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT, st,
1249                                                 &rsd);
1250                 double m_clears = bad_spec - br_mis;
1251
1252                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && br_mis > 0.05)
1253                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1254                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Branch Mispredict",
1255                                 br_mis * 100.);
1256                 if (bad_spec > 0.1 && m_clears > 0.05)
1257                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1258                 else
1259                         color = NULL;
1260                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Machine Clears",
1261                                 m_clears * 100.);
1262         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT) &&
1263                         full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1264                 double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1265                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1266                                                   &rsd);
1267                 double fetch_lat = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1268                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT, st,
1269                                                    &rsd);
1270                 double fetch_bw = fe_bound - fetch_lat;
1271
1272                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_lat > 0.15)
1273                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1274                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Fetch Latency",
1275                                 fetch_lat * 100.);
1276                 if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_bw > 0.1)
1277                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1278                 else
1279                         color = NULL;
1280                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Fetch Bandwidth",
1281                                 fetch_bw * 100.);
1282         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND) &&
1283                         full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1284                 double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1285                                                   STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1286                                                   &rsd);
1287                 double mem_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1288                                                    STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND, st,
1289                                                    &rsd);
1290                 double core_bound = be_bound - mem_bound;
1291
1292                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && mem_bound > 0.2)
1293                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1294                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Memory Bound",
1295                                 mem_bound * 100.);
1296                 if (be_bound > 0.2 && core_bound > 0.1)
1297                         color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1298                 else
1299                         color = NULL;
1300                 print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Core Bound",
1301                                 core_bound * 100.);
1302         } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1303                 generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, NULL,
1304                                evsel->name, evsel->metric_name, NULL, 1,
1305                                map_idx, out, st);
1306         } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd) != 0) {
1307                 char unit = ' ';
1308                 char unit_buf[10] = "/sec";
1309
1310                 total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd);
1311                 if (total)
1312                         ratio = convert_unit_double(1000000000.0 * avg / total, &unit);
1313
1314                 if (unit != ' ')
1315                         snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1316                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1317         } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1318                 print_smi_cost(config, map_idx, out, st, &rsd);
1319         } else {
1320                 num = 0;
1321         }
1322
1323         if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1324                 struct metric_expr *mexp;
1325
1326                 list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1327                         if (num++ > 0)
1328                                 out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1329                         generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1330                                        mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1331                                        mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime,
1332                                        map_idx, out, st);
1333                 }
1334         }
1335         if (num == 0)
1336                 print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1337 }