2 * Linux driver for SSFDC Flash Translation Layer (Read only)
4 * Author: Claudio Lanconelli <lanconelli.claudio@eptar.com>
6 * Based on NTFL and MTDBLOCK_RO drivers
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
18 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
19 #include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
20 #include <linux/mtd/blktrans.h>
22 struct ssfdcr_record {
23 struct mtd_blktrans_dev mbd;
26 unsigned char sectors;
27 unsigned short cylinders;
28 int cis_block; /* block n. containing CIS/IDI */
29 int erase_size; /* phys_block_size */
30 unsigned short *logic_block_map; /* all zones (max 8192 phys blocks on
32 int map_len; /* n. phys_blocks on the card */
35 #define SSFDCR_MAJOR 257
36 #define SSFDCR_PARTN_BITS 3
38 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
39 #define SECTOR_SHIFT 9
42 #define MAX_LOGIC_BLK_PER_ZONE 1000
43 #define MAX_PHYS_BLK_PER_ZONE 1024
45 #define KiB(x) ( (x) * 1024L )
46 #define MiB(x) ( KiB(x) * 1024L )
49 1MiB 2MiB 4MiB 8MiB 16MiB 32MiB 64MiB 128MiB
50 NCylinder 125 125 250 250 500 500 500 500
51 NHead 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 16
52 NSector 4 8 8 16 16 16 32 32
53 SumSector 2,000 4,000 8,000 16,000 32,000 64,000 128,000 256,000
54 SectorSize 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 512
64 /* Must be ordered by size */
65 static const chs_entry_t chs_table[] = {
66 { MiB( 1), 125, 4, 4 },
67 { MiB( 2), 125, 4, 8 },
68 { MiB( 4), 250, 4, 8 },
69 { MiB( 8), 250, 4, 16 },
70 { MiB( 16), 500, 4, 16 },
71 { MiB( 32), 500, 8, 16 },
72 { MiB( 64), 500, 8, 32 },
73 { MiB(128), 500, 16, 32 },
77 static int get_chs(unsigned long size, unsigned short *cyl, unsigned char *head,
84 while (chs_table[k].size > 0 && size > chs_table[k].size)
87 if (chs_table[k].size > 0) {
89 *cyl = chs_table[k].cyl;
91 *head = chs_table[k].head;
93 *sec = chs_table[k].sec;
100 /* These bytes are the signature for the CIS/IDI sector */
101 static const uint8_t cis_numbers[] = {
102 0x01, 0x03, 0xD9, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x18, 0x02, 0xDF, 0x01, 0x20
105 /* Read and check for a valid CIS sector */
106 static int get_valid_cis_sector(struct mtd_info *mtd)
108 int ret, k, cis_sector;
115 sect_buf = kmalloc(SECTOR_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
120 * Look for CIS/IDI sector on the first GOOD block (give up after 4 bad
121 * blocks). If the first good block doesn't contain CIS number the flash
122 * is not SSFDC formatted
124 for (k = 0, offset = 0; k < 4; k++, offset += mtd->erasesize) {
125 if (!mtd->block_isbad(mtd, offset)) {
126 ret = mtd->read(mtd, offset, SECTOR_SIZE, &retlen,
129 /* CIS pattern match on the sector buffer */
130 if (ret < 0 || retlen != SECTOR_SIZE) {
132 "SSFDC_RO:can't read CIS/IDI sector\n");
133 } else if (!memcmp(sect_buf, cis_numbers,
134 sizeof(cis_numbers))) {
136 cis_sector = (int)(offset >> SECTOR_SHIFT);
138 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,
139 "SSFDC_RO: CIS/IDI sector not found"
140 " on %s (mtd%d)\n", mtd->name,
152 /* Read physical sector (wrapper to MTD_READ) */
153 static int read_physical_sector(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *sect_buf,
158 loff_t offset = (loff_t)sect_no << SECTOR_SHIFT;
160 ret = mtd->read(mtd, offset, SECTOR_SIZE, &retlen, sect_buf);
161 if (ret < 0 || retlen != SECTOR_SIZE)
167 /* Read redundancy area (wrapper to MTD_READ_OOB */
168 static int read_raw_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, uint8_t *buf)
170 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
173 ops.mode = MTD_OOB_RAW;
175 ops.ooblen = mtd->oobsize;
180 ret = mtd->read_oob(mtd, offs, &ops);
181 if (ret < 0 || ops.retlen != OOB_SIZE)
187 /* Parity calculator on a word of n bit size */
188 static int get_parity(int number, int size)
194 for (k = 0; k < size; k++) {
195 parity += (number >> k);
201 /* Read and validate the logical block address field stored in the OOB */
202 static int get_logical_address(uint8_t *oob_buf)
204 int block_address, parity;
205 int offset[2] = {6, 11}; /* offset of the 2 address fields within OOB */
210 * Look for the first valid logical address
211 * Valid address has fixed pattern on most significant bits and
214 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(offset); j++) {
215 block_address = ((int)oob_buf[offset[j]] << 8) |
216 oob_buf[offset[j]+1];
218 /* Check for the signature bits in the address field (MSBits) */
219 if ((block_address & ~0x7FF) == 0x1000) {
220 parity = block_address & 0x01;
221 block_address &= 0x7FF;
224 if (get_parity(block_address, 10) != parity) {
225 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0,
226 "SSFDC_RO: logical address field%d"
227 "parity error(0x%04X)\n", j+1,
239 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "SSFDC_RO: get_logical_address() %d\n",
242 return block_address;
245 /* Build the logic block map */
246 static int build_logical_block_map(struct ssfdcr_record *ssfdc)
248 unsigned long offset;
249 uint8_t oob_buf[OOB_SIZE];
250 int ret, block_address, phys_block;
251 struct mtd_info *mtd = ssfdc->mbd.mtd;
253 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "SSFDC_RO: build_block_map() nblks=%d (%luK)\n",
255 (unsigned long)ssfdc->map_len * ssfdc->erase_size / 1024);
257 /* Scan every physical block, skip CIS block */
258 for (phys_block = ssfdc->cis_block + 1; phys_block < ssfdc->map_len;
260 offset = (unsigned long)phys_block * ssfdc->erase_size;
261 if (mtd->block_isbad(mtd, offset))
262 continue; /* skip bad blocks */
264 ret = read_raw_oob(mtd, offset, oob_buf);
266 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0,
267 "SSFDC_RO: mtd read_oob() failed at %lu\n",
271 block_address = get_logical_address(oob_buf);
273 /* Skip invalid addresses */
274 if (block_address >= 0 &&
275 block_address < MAX_LOGIC_BLK_PER_ZONE) {
278 zone_index = phys_block / MAX_PHYS_BLK_PER_ZONE;
279 block_address += zone_index * MAX_LOGIC_BLK_PER_ZONE;
280 ssfdc->logic_block_map[block_address] =
281 (unsigned short)phys_block;
283 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2,
284 "SSFDC_RO: build_block_map() phys_block=%d,"
285 "logic_block_addr=%d, zone=%d\n",
286 phys_block, block_address, zone_index);
292 static void ssfdcr_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
294 struct ssfdcr_record *ssfdc;
297 /* Check for small page NAND flash */
298 if (mtd->type != MTD_NANDFLASH || mtd->oobsize != OOB_SIZE)
301 /* Check for SSDFC format by reading CIS/IDI sector */
302 cis_sector = get_valid_cis_sector(mtd);
303 if (cis_sector == -1)
306 ssfdc = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ssfdcr_record), GFP_KERNEL);
309 "SSFDC_RO: out of memory for data structures\n");
313 ssfdc->mbd.mtd = mtd;
314 ssfdc->mbd.devnum = -1;
315 ssfdc->mbd.blksize = SECTOR_SIZE;
317 ssfdc->mbd.readonly = 1;
319 ssfdc->cis_block = cis_sector / (mtd->erasesize >> SECTOR_SHIFT);
320 ssfdc->erase_size = mtd->erasesize;
321 ssfdc->map_len = mtd->size / mtd->erasesize;
323 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,
324 "SSFDC_RO: cis_block=%d,erase_size=%d,map_len=%d,n_zones=%d\n",
325 ssfdc->cis_block, ssfdc->erase_size, ssfdc->map_len,
326 (ssfdc->map_len + MAX_PHYS_BLK_PER_ZONE - 1) /
327 MAX_PHYS_BLK_PER_ZONE);
332 get_chs(mtd->size, NULL, &ssfdc->heads, &ssfdc->sectors);
333 ssfdc->cylinders = (unsigned short)((mtd->size >> SECTOR_SHIFT) /
334 ((long)ssfdc->sectors * (long)ssfdc->heads));
336 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "SSFDC_RO: using C:%d H:%d S:%d == %ld sects\n",
337 ssfdc->cylinders, ssfdc->heads , ssfdc->sectors,
338 (long)ssfdc->cylinders * (long)ssfdc->heads *
339 (long)ssfdc->sectors);
341 ssfdc->mbd.size = (long)ssfdc->heads * (long)ssfdc->cylinders *
342 (long)ssfdc->sectors;
344 /* Allocate logical block map */
345 ssfdc->logic_block_map = kmalloc(sizeof(ssfdc->logic_block_map[0]) *
346 ssfdc->map_len, GFP_KERNEL);
347 if (!ssfdc->logic_block_map) {
349 "SSFDC_RO: out of memory for data structures\n");
352 memset(ssfdc->logic_block_map, 0xff, sizeof(ssfdc->logic_block_map[0]) *
355 /* Build logical block map */
356 if (build_logical_block_map(ssfdc) < 0)
359 /* Register device + partitions */
360 if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(&ssfdc->mbd))
363 printk(KERN_INFO "SSFDC_RO: Found ssfdc%c on mtd%d (%s)\n",
364 ssfdc->mbd.devnum + 'a', mtd->index, mtd->name);
368 kfree(ssfdc->logic_block_map);
372 static void ssfdcr_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
374 struct ssfdcr_record *ssfdc = (struct ssfdcr_record *)dev;
376 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "SSFDC_RO: remove_dev (i=%d)\n", dev->devnum);
378 del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
379 kfree(ssfdc->logic_block_map);
383 static int ssfdcr_readsect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
384 unsigned long logic_sect_no, char *buf)
386 struct ssfdcr_record *ssfdc = (struct ssfdcr_record *)dev;
387 int sectors_per_block, offset, block_address;
389 sectors_per_block = ssfdc->erase_size >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
390 offset = (int)(logic_sect_no % sectors_per_block);
391 block_address = (int)(logic_sect_no / sectors_per_block);
393 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3,
394 "SSFDC_RO: ssfdcr_readsect(%lu) sec_per_blk=%d, ofst=%d,"
395 " block_addr=%d\n", logic_sect_no, sectors_per_block, offset,
398 if (block_address >= ssfdc->map_len)
401 block_address = ssfdc->logic_block_map[block_address];
403 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3,
404 "SSFDC_RO: ssfdcr_readsect() phys_block_addr=%d\n",
407 if (block_address < 0xffff) {
408 unsigned long sect_no;
410 sect_no = (unsigned long)block_address * sectors_per_block +
413 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3,
414 "SSFDC_RO: ssfdcr_readsect() phys_sect_no=%lu\n",
417 if (read_physical_sector(ssfdc->mbd.mtd, buf, sect_no) < 0)
420 memset(buf, 0xff, SECTOR_SIZE);
426 static int ssfdcr_getgeo(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
428 struct ssfdcr_record *ssfdc = (struct ssfdcr_record *)dev;
430 DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "SSFDC_RO: ssfdcr_getgeo() C=%d, H=%d, S=%d\n",
431 ssfdc->cylinders, ssfdc->heads, ssfdc->sectors);
433 geo->heads = ssfdc->heads;
434 geo->sectors = ssfdc->sectors;
435 geo->cylinders = ssfdc->cylinders;
440 /****************************************************************************
444 ****************************************************************************/
446 static struct mtd_blktrans_ops ssfdcr_tr = {
448 .major = SSFDCR_MAJOR,
449 .part_bits = SSFDCR_PARTN_BITS,
450 .getgeo = ssfdcr_getgeo,
451 .readsect = ssfdcr_readsect,
452 .add_mtd = ssfdcr_add_mtd,
453 .remove_dev = ssfdcr_remove_dev,
454 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
457 static int __init init_ssfdcr(void)
459 printk(KERN_INFO "SSFDC read-only Flash Translation layer\n");
461 return register_mtd_blktrans(&ssfdcr_tr);
464 static void __exit cleanup_ssfdcr(void)
466 deregister_mtd_blktrans(&ssfdcr_tr);
469 module_init(init_ssfdcr);
470 module_exit(cleanup_ssfdcr);
472 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
473 MODULE_AUTHOR("Claudio Lanconelli <lanconelli.claudio@eptar.com>");
474 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Flash Translation Layer for read-only SSFDC SmartMedia card");