2 * Routines for Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories "Real-Time Automation Controller" (RTAC) Serial Line Dissection
3 * By Chris Bontje (cbontje[AT]gmail.com)
6 ************************************************************************************************
7 * Wireshark - Network traffic analyzer
8 * By Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org>
9 * Copyright 1998 Gerald Combs
11 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
12 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
13 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
14 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
16 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19 * GNU General Public License for more details.
21 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
23 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
25 ************************************************************************************************
28 * The RTAC product family (SEL-3530, SEL-2241, SEL-3505) is a Linux-based Automation Controller
29 * product that is capable of interfacing with SEL and 3rd-party equipment using a variety of
30 * standard industrial protocols such as SEL FM, DNP3, Modbus, C37.118, Telegyr 8979 and others.
31 * Each protocol instance (master/client or slave/server) is configured to utilize either Ethernet
32 * or EIA-232/485 serial connectivity with protocol variations for each medium taken into account.
34 * The configuration software for the RTAC platform is named AcSELerator RTAC (SEL-5033) and
35 * is used to set up all communications and user logic for the controller as well as provide
36 * downloading and online debugging facilities. One particularly useful aspect of the online
37 * debugging capabilities is a robust Communication Monitor tool that can show raw data streams
38 * from either serial or Ethernet interfaces. Many similar products have this same capability
39 * but the RTAC software goes a step beyond by providing a "save-as" function to save all captured
40 * data into pcap format for further analysis in Wireshark.
42 * All Ethernet-style capture files will have a packets with a "Linux Cooked Capture" header
43 * including the "source" MAC address of the device responsible for the generation of the message
44 * and the TCP/IP header(s) maintained from the original conversation. The application data from the
45 * message will follow as per a standard Wireshark packet.
47 * Serial-based pcap capture files were orignally stored using "User 0" DLT type 147 to specify a
48 * user-defined dissector for pcap data but this format was later modified to specify a custom DLT type
49 * known as LINKTYPE_RTAC_SERIAL (DLT 250). The pcap file data portion contains a standard 12-byte serial
50 * header followed by the application payload data from actual rx/tx activity on the line. Some useful
51 * information can be retrieved from the 12-byte header information, such as conversation time-stamps,
52 * UART function and EIA-232 serial control line states at the time of the message.
54 * This dissector will automatically be used for any newer-style DLT 250 files, and the payload protocol
55 * can be configured via built-in preferences to use whatever standardized industrial protocol is present
56 * on the line for attempted dissection (selfm, mbrtu, dnp3.udp, synphasor). Older pcap files of DLT type 147
57 * can be used by setting the DLT_USER preferences configuration of User 0 (DLT=147) with a 'Header Size'
58 * of '12' and a 'Header Protocol' of 'rtacser'. The payload protocol should be set to use the protocol
59 * dissector for the data that is present on the line (again, selfm, mbrtu, dnp3.udp or synphasor). */
63 #include <epan/packet.h>
64 #include <epan/prefs.h>
65 #include <wiretap/wtap.h>
67 void proto_register_rtacser(void);
69 /* Initialize the protocol and registered fields */
70 static int proto_rtacser = -1;
71 static int hf_rtacser_timestamp = -1;
72 static int hf_rtacser_event_type = -1;
73 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_cts = -1;
74 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_dcd = -1;
75 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_dsr = -1;
76 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_rts = -1;
77 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_dtr = -1;
78 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_ring = -1;
79 static int hf_rtacser_ctrl_mbok = -1;
80 static int hf_rtacser_footer = -1;
81 static int hf_rtacser_data = -1;
83 /* Initialize the subtree pointers */
84 static gint ett_rtacser = -1;
85 static gint ett_rtacser_cl = -1;
87 /* Globals for RTAC Serial Preferences */
88 static guint global_rtacser_payload_proto = 0; /* No Payload, by default */
90 /* Handles for Payload Protocols */
91 static dissector_handle_t selfm_handle;
92 static dissector_handle_t dnp3_handle;
93 static dissector_handle_t modbus_handle;
94 static dissector_handle_t synphasor_handle;
95 static dissector_handle_t lg8979_handle;
97 #define RTACSER_HEADER_LEN 12
99 /* Bit-masks for EIA-232 serial control lines */
100 #define RTACSER_CTRL_CTS 0x01
101 #define RTACSER_CTRL_DCD 0x02
102 #define RTACSER_CTRL_DSR 0x04
103 #define RTACSER_CTRL_RTS 0x08
104 #define RTACSER_CTRL_DTR 0x10
105 #define RTACSER_CTRL_RING 0x20
106 #define RTACSER_CTRL_MBOK 0x40
108 /* Payload Protocol Types from Preferences */
109 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_NONE 0
110 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SELFM 1
111 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_DNP3 2
112 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_MODBUS 3
113 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SYNPHASOR 4
114 #define RTACSER_PAYLOAD_LG8979 5
117 static const value_string rtacser_eventtype_vals[] = {
118 { 0x00, "STATUS_CHANGE" },
119 { 0x01, "DATA_TX_START" },
120 { 0x02, "DATA_RX_START" },
121 { 0x03, "DATA_TX_END" },
122 { 0x04, "DATA_RX_END" },
123 { 0x05, "CAPTURE_DATA_LOST" },
124 { 0x06, "CAPTURE_COMPLETE" },
125 { 0x07, "FRAMING_ERROR" },
126 { 0x08, "PARITY_ERROR" },
127 { 0x09, "SERIAL_BREAK_EVENT" },
128 { 0x0A, "SERIAL_OVERFLOW_EVENT" },
132 static const enum_val_t rtacser_payload_proto_type[] = {
133 { "NONE ", "NONE ", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_NONE },
134 { "SEL FM ", "SEL FM ", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SELFM },
135 { "DNP3 ", "DNP3 ", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_DNP3 },
136 { "MODBUS RTU", "MODBUS RTU", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_MODBUS },
137 { "SYNPHASOR ", "SYNPHASOR ", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SYNPHASOR },
138 { "L&G 8979 ", "L&G 8979 ", RTACSER_PAYLOAD_LG8979 },
143 /******************************************************************************************************/
144 /* Code to dissect RTAC Serial-Line Protocol packets */
145 /******************************************************************************************************/
147 dissect_rtacser_data(tvbuff_t *tvb, packet_info *pinfo, proto_tree *tree)
149 /* Set up structures needed to add the protocol subtree and manage it */
150 proto_item *rtacser_item, *ts_item, *cl_item, *data_payload;
151 proto_tree *rtacser_tree, *cl_tree;
154 guint32 timestamp1, timestamp2;
155 gboolean cts, dcd, dsr, rts, dtr, ring, mbok;
156 tvbuff_t *payload_tvb;
158 len = RTACSER_HEADER_LEN;
160 /* Make entries in Protocol column on summary display */
161 col_set_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_PROTOCOL, "RTAC Serial");
162 col_clear(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO);
164 rtacser_item = proto_tree_add_protocol_format(tree, proto_rtacser, tvb, 0, len, "RTAC Serial Line");
165 rtacser_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(rtacser_item, ett_rtacser);
167 /* Time-stamp is stored as 2 x 32-bit unsigned integers, the left and right-hand side of the decimal point respectively */
168 /* The format mirrors the timeval struct - absolute Epoch time (seconds since 1/1/1970) with an added microsecond component */
169 timestamp1 = tvb_get_ntohl(tvb, offset);
170 timestamp2 = tvb_get_ntohl(tvb, offset+4);
171 ts_item = proto_tree_add_item(rtacser_tree, hf_rtacser_timestamp, tvb, offset, 8, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
172 proto_item_set_text(ts_item, "Arrived At Time: %u.%u" , timestamp1, timestamp2);
175 /* Set INFO column with RTAC Serial Event Type */
176 event_type = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset);
177 col_add_fstr(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, "%-21s", val_to_str_const(event_type, rtacser_eventtype_vals, "Unknown Type"));
179 /* Add event type to tree */
180 proto_tree_add_item(rtacser_tree, hf_rtacser_event_type, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
183 /* Retrieve EIA-232 serial control line states */
184 cts = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_CTS;
185 dcd = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_DCD;
186 dsr = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_DSR;
187 rts = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_RTS;
188 dtr = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_DTR;
189 ring = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_RING;
190 mbok = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset) & RTACSER_CTRL_MBOK;
192 cl_item = proto_tree_add_text(rtacser_tree, tvb, offset, 1, "Control Lines");
193 cl_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(cl_item, ett_rtacser_cl);
195 /* Add UART Control Line information to INFO column */
196 col_append_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, " ( ");
197 (cts) ? col_append_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, "CTS") : col_append_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, "/CTS");
198 (dcd) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "DCD") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/DCD");
199 (dsr) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "DSR") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/DSR");
200 (rts) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "RTS") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/RTS");
201 (dtr) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "DTR") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/DTR");
202 (ring) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "RING") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/RING");
203 (mbok) ? col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "MBOK") : col_append_sep_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, NULL, "/MBOK");
204 col_append_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, " )");
206 /* Add UART Control Line information to tree */
207 proto_item_append_text(cl_item, " (");
208 (cts) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "CTS, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/CTS, ");
209 (dcd) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "DCD, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/DCD, ");
210 (dsr) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "DSR, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/DSR, ");
211 (rts) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "RTS, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/RTS, ");
212 (dtr) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "DTR, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/DTR, ");
213 (ring) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "RING, ") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/RING, ");
214 (mbok) ? proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "MBOK") : proto_item_append_text(cl_item, "/MBOK");
215 proto_item_append_text(cl_item, ")");
217 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_cts, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
218 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_dcd, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
219 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_dsr, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
220 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_rts, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
221 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_dtr, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
222 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_ring, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
223 proto_tree_add_item(cl_tree, hf_rtacser_ctrl_mbok, tvb, offset, 1, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
227 proto_tree_add_item(rtacser_tree, hf_rtacser_footer, tvb, offset, 2, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);
230 /* If no payload dissector has been selected, indicate to the user the preferences options */
231 if ((tvb_reported_length_remaining(tvb, offset) > 0) && (global_rtacser_payload_proto == RTACSER_PAYLOAD_NONE)) {
232 data_payload = proto_tree_add_item(tree, hf_rtacser_data, tvb, offset, -1, ENC_NA);
233 proto_item_set_text(data_payload,"Payload Protocol not selected. Check 'Preferences-> Protocols-> RTAC Serial' for options");
238 /* Determine correct message type and call appropriate dissector */
239 if (tvb_reported_length_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN) > 0) {
241 switch (global_rtacser_payload_proto) {
242 case RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SELFM:
243 payload_tvb = tvb_new_subset_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN);
244 call_dissector(selfm_handle, payload_tvb, pinfo, tree);
246 case RTACSER_PAYLOAD_DNP3:
247 payload_tvb = tvb_new_subset_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN);
248 call_dissector(dnp3_handle, payload_tvb, pinfo, tree);
250 case RTACSER_PAYLOAD_MODBUS:
251 payload_tvb = tvb_new_subset_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN);
252 call_dissector(modbus_handle, payload_tvb, pinfo, tree);
254 case RTACSER_PAYLOAD_SYNPHASOR:
255 payload_tvb = tvb_new_subset_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN);
256 call_dissector(synphasor_handle, payload_tvb, pinfo, tree);
258 case RTACSER_PAYLOAD_LG8979:
259 payload_tvb = tvb_new_subset_remaining(tvb, RTACSER_HEADER_LEN);
260 call_dissector(lg8979_handle, payload_tvb, pinfo, tree);
271 /******************************************************************************************************/
272 /* Dissect RTAC Serial-line protocol payload */
273 /******************************************************************************************************/
275 dissect_rtacser(tvbuff_t *tvb, packet_info *pinfo, proto_tree *tree, void *data _U_)
277 gint length = tvb_length(tvb);
279 /* Check for a RTAC Serial packet. It should be at least 12 bytes */
285 dissect_rtacser_data(tvb, pinfo, tree);
287 return tvb_length(tvb);
290 /******************************************************************************************************/
291 /* Register the protocol with Wireshark */
292 /******************************************************************************************************/
293 void proto_reg_handoff_rtacser(void);
296 proto_register_rtacser(void)
298 /* RTAC Serial Protocol header fields */
299 static hf_register_info rtacser_hf[] = {
300 { &hf_rtacser_timestamp,
301 { "Timestamp", "rtacser.timestamp", FT_UINT64, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }},
302 { &hf_rtacser_event_type,
303 { "Event Type", "rtacser.eventtype", FT_UINT8, BASE_HEX, VALS(rtacser_eventtype_vals), 0x0, NULL, HFILL }},
304 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_cts,
305 { "CTS", "rtacser.cts", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_CTS, NULL, HFILL }},
306 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_dcd,
307 { "DCD", "rtacser.dcd", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_DCD, NULL, HFILL }},
308 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_dsr,
309 { "DSR", "rtacser.dsr", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_DSR, NULL, HFILL }},
310 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_rts,
311 { "RTS", "rtacser.rts", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_RTS, NULL, HFILL }},
312 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_dtr,
313 { "DTR", "rtacser.dtr", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_DTR, NULL, HFILL }},
314 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_ring,
315 { "RING", "rtacser.ring", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_RING, NULL, HFILL }},
316 { &hf_rtacser_ctrl_mbok,
317 { "MBOK", "rtacser.mbok", FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, NULL, RTACSER_CTRL_MBOK, NULL, HFILL }},
318 { &hf_rtacser_footer,
319 { "Footer", "rtacser.footer", FT_UINT16, BASE_HEX, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }},
321 { "Payload data", "rtacser.data", FT_BYTES, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }},
325 /* Setup protocol subtree array */
326 static gint *ett[] = {
331 module_t *rtacser_module;
333 /* Register the protocol name and description */
334 proto_rtacser = proto_register_protocol("RTAC Serial", "RTAC Serial", "rtacser");
336 /* Registering protocol to be called by another dissector */
337 new_register_dissector("rtacser", dissect_rtacser, proto_rtacser);
339 /* Required function calls to register the header fields and subtrees used */
340 proto_register_field_array(proto_rtacser, rtacser_hf, array_length(rtacser_hf));
341 proto_register_subtree_array(ett, array_length(ett));
343 /* Register required preferences for RTAC Serial Payload Protocol */
344 rtacser_module = prefs_register_protocol(proto_rtacser, proto_reg_handoff_rtacser);
346 /* RTAC Serial Preference - Payload Protocol in use */
347 prefs_register_enum_preference(rtacser_module, "rtacserial_payload_proto",
348 "Payload Protocol Type",
349 "Payload Protocol Type",
350 &global_rtacser_payload_proto,
351 rtacser_payload_proto_type,
357 /******************************************************************************************************/
358 /* If this dissector uses sub-dissector registration add a registration routine.
359 This format is required because a script is used to find these routines and
360 create the code that calls these routines.
362 /******************************************************************************************************/
364 proto_reg_handoff_rtacser(void)
366 static int rtacser_prefs_initialized = FALSE;
367 static dissector_handle_t rtacser_handle;
369 /* Make sure to use RTAC Serial Protocol Preferences field to determine payload protocol to use for decoding */
370 if (! rtacser_prefs_initialized) {
371 rtacser_handle = new_create_dissector_handle(dissect_rtacser, proto_rtacser);
372 rtacser_prefs_initialized = TRUE;
375 /* Create a handle for each expected payload protocol that can be called via the Preferences */
376 selfm_handle = find_dissector("selfm");
377 dnp3_handle = find_dissector("dnp3.udp");
378 modbus_handle = find_dissector("mbrtu");
379 synphasor_handle = find_dissector("synphasor");
380 lg8979_handle = find_dissector("lg8979");
382 dissector_add_uint("wtap_encap", WTAP_ENCAP_RTAC_SERIAL, rtacser_handle);
387 * Editor modelines - http://www.wireshark.org/tools/modelines.html
392 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
395 * vi: set shiftwidth=4 tabstop=8 expandtab:
396 * :indentSize=4:tabSize=8:noTabs=true: