from a number of Unofficial HOWTOs - to each such author a big "Thank-you" is also offered.
Please keep publishing your Unofficial HOWTOs - they are a source of inspiration and
application knowledge that is most to be desired by many Samba users and administrators.
-</p></div></div></div><div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2799919">Legal Notice</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2799941">Attributions</a></dt><dt>I. <a href="#introduction">General Installation</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2799013">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2799095">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858014">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858083">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858171">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858244">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858386">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858430">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858468">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858657">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858703">Try listing the shares available on your
- server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858761">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858878">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858961">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858993">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859006">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859105">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859124">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#FastStart">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867442">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>II. <a href="#type">Server Configuration Basics</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>4. <a href="#ServerType">Server Types and Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867622">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867717">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867803">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867922">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868060">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852162">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852420">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852521">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869450">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869643">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869671">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869710">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869747">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869786">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc">Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870118">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870332">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870347">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870592">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868460">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868947">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868985">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869000">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873315">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873322">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873381">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873436">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873520">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873592">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873625">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873647">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc">Backup Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873807">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873997">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874026">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874268">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874289">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874316">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874329">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874464">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874620">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874633">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874664">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874691">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874735">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#domain-member">Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874943">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875556">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875771">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875842">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876489">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876674">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876803">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877177">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877199">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877226">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877258">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#StandAloneServer">Stand-Alone Servers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877459">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877498">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877581">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878101">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>9. <a href="#ClientConfig">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878165">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>III. <a href="#optional">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>10. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878319">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878720">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879137">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879284">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879819">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880395">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880412">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880448">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880607">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880684">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880872">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881128">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881154">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881238">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881252">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881317">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881481">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881541">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881662">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881749">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882439">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882454">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882497">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882539">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882820">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882834">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882936">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883109">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883235">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883502">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883688">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883959">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884197">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884238">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884279">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884392">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884420">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886247">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2887095">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887102">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887147">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887258">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887948">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888015">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888029">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888108">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888184">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888199">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888268">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888294">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>13. <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888551">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888688">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889023">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889117">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889345">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890553">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890626">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890925">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890933">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890978">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891057">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891188">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891423">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891979">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892060">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892074">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892503">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892555">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892803">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892860">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893002">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893677">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893787">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894184">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894410">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894437">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894516">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894546">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894619">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894658">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894680">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894712">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894878">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894910">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894983">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895003">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895102">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895162">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895230">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895287">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895375">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895433">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895457">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895476">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895500">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895790">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895819">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895908">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895935">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896007">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896054">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896233">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896417">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896555">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896661">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2896731">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897006">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#printing">Classical Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2897126">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897192">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2897230">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897302">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2897853">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898017">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898105">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898438">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898769">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900032">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900758">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901088">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901237">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901389">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901502">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901973">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902140">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902234">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902432">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
-rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904055">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904073">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904269">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904576">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904670">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904838">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904870">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905319">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905915">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
-different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906013">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906300">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906377">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906398">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2906443">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906484">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906504">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906528">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906681">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907000">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907046">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907213">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907227">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907234">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907268">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907403">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907410">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907453">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907507">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907841">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908362">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2908382">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908431">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908485">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908552">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908865">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
-with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909441">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909567">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909654">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909760">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2909959">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910315">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910493">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910595">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910704">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910875">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910938">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911090">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911562">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911576">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911630">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911697">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911929">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912410">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912731">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912872">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2912949">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2912965">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913020">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913201">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
-Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913432">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913594">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913643">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913717">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913734">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
-Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913768">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913789">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913833">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
-Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913895">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913913">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914014">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914516">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914656">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914689">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
-WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915714">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915798">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915877">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916097">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
-Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916423">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916536">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916644">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918418">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918497">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918559">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918617">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918890">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919583">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920055">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920098">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920162">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920202">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920282">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920392">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920463">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920510">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920525">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920734">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920792">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921030">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921088">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921154">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
-Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921434">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921535">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921542">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921558">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
- neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921604">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
- message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921660">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
- from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921914">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
- "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921967">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
- NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921981">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
- a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922010">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922027">Win2K/XP "Local Security
- Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922043">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
- printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922065">"Print Change Notify" functions on
- NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922084">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922126">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922400">Most common blunders in driver
- settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922445">cupsaddsmb does not work
- with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922506">Permissions on
+</p></div></div></div><div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2796910">Legal Notice</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2799782">Attributions</a></dt><dt>I. <a href="#introduction">General Installation</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2801584">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801642">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801779">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801848">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801936">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802009">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2802151">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802195">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2802232">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866164">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866210">Try listing the shares available on your
+ server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866267">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866384">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866468">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866500">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866513">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866612">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866630">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#FastStart">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866757">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>II. <a href="#type">Server Configuration Basics</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>4. <a href="#ServerType">Server Types and Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866937">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867038">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867124">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867244">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867382">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867518">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867776">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867877">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868158">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868359">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868387">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868427">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868463">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868503">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc">Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868835">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869049">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869064">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869309">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869698">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870186">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870238">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870253">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2870825">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870831">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870890">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870945">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871029">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871102">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871135">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871156">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc">Backup Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871317">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871494">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871522">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871772">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871793">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871819">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871833">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871968">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872125">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872138">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872169">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872196">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872240">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#domain-member">Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872448">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873061">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873276">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873347">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873995">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874178">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874307">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874683">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874706">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874732">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874764">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#StandAloneServer">Stand-Alone Servers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874966">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875004">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875078">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875598">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>9. <a href="#ClientConfig">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875663">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>III. <a href="#optional">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>10. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875816">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876217">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876635">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2876781">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877309">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877893">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877911">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877946">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878104">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878182">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878371">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878627">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878652">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878737">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878750">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878822">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878986">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879046">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879168">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879254">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879936">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879950">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879979">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880021">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880302">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880315">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880417">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880590">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880717">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880966">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881151">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881423">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881676">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881717">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881758">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881871">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881898">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883727">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884575">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884582">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884627">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884738">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885422">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885489">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885503">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885582">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885658">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885674">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885742">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885768">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>13. <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886154">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886489">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886582">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2886810">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888020">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888092">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888391">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888399">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888444">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888523">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888655">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888889">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889446">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889526">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889540">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889969">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890022">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890270">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890336">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890479">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891158">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891268">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891665">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891896">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891924">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892003">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892032">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892106">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892144">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892198">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892365">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892398">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892471">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892490">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892590">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892650">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892774">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892867">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892926">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892950">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892968">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892992">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893283">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893311">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893400">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893428">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893500">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893547">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893725">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893918">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894055">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894162">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894231">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894506">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#printing">Classical Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894626">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894693">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894730">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894801">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895354">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895518">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895606">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895939">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896270">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897534">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898261">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898591">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898740">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898892">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899004">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899475">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2899643">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2899736">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899935">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
+rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901625">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901643">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901839">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902136">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902231">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902399">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902431">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902874">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903470">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
+different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903569">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903854">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903932">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2903954">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2903998">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904040">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904059">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904083">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904236">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904556">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904602">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904779">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904793">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904800">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904834">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904970">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904977">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905020">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905074">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905408">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905929">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905949">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905999">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906051">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906119">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906432">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
+with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907029">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907154">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907241">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907348">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907545">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907903">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908080">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908183">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908292">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908476">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908539">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908691">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909176">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909191">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909245">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909312">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909544">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910018">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910331">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910470">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910560">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910577">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910632">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910813">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
+Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911043">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911206">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911255">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911328">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911345">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
+Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911379">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911400">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911445">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
+Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911506">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911524">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911625">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912128">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912268">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912301">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
+WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913264">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913349">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913427">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913646">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
+Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913973">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914086">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914186">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2915962">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916041">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916103">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916162">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916436">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917129">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2917602">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2917645">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917708">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917748">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917829">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917938">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918010">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918058">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918072">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918267">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918326">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918564">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918622">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918682">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
+Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918955">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2796634">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2796642">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919061">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
+ neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919107">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
+ message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919163">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919497">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
+ from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919582">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
+ "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919635">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
+ NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919649">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
+ a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919678">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919695">Win2K/XP "Local Security
+ Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919711">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
+ printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919733">"Print Change Notify" functions on
+ NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919752">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919794">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920067">Most common blunders in driver
+ settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920114">cupsaddsmb does not work
+ with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920175">Permissions on
/var/spool/samba/ get reset after each
-reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922615">Printer named "lp"
+reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920284">Printer named "lp"
intermittently swallows jobs and spits out completely different
-ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922646">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922701">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2922871">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922889">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923117">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923124">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923166">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923296">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923316">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923485">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923530">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923552">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923606">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#winbind">Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923836">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923931">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924016">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924136">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924169">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924320">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924402">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924435">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924463">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924471">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924538">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924632">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926199">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926218">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926270">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926379">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926410">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926508">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926526">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926738">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927010">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927044">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927123">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927177">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927288">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927384">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927516">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927780">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927886">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927925">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927945">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927990">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928140">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928154">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928255">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928289">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928330">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928820">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930060">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930144">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2930397">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930455">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930500">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930520">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930668">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931222">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931730">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931743">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931812">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932026">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#pam">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932306">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932554">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932572">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933235">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933539">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933617">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933706">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934094">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934108">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934194">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934432">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934457">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934521">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934577">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934718">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934762">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934813">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934918">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935185">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935248">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935496">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935528">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935560">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935678">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935694">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935729">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935780">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>27. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935983">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936027">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936224">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936392">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936398">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#Backup">Samba Backup Techniques</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936512">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936526">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#SambaHA">High Availability Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936596">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>IV. <a href="#migration">Migration and Updating</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>30. <a href="#upgrading-to-3.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936735">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936865">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936880">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937006">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937402">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2937476">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937483">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937718">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937767">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937909">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937933">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938265">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938290">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938728">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2938940">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939031">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939287">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939647">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939686">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939924">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940035">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940097">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940204">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940332">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940380">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940432">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940455">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>V. <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>33. <a href="#diagnosis">The Samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940585">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940619">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942320">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942341">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942454">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942476">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942528">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942845">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942886">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870642">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870770">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870833">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870870">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871212">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871258">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>VI. <a href="#Appendixes">Appendixes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>36. <a href="#compiling">How to compile Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871417">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871434">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871712">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871776">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871926">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872104">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872271">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872625">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>37. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872789">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872876">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872906">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943012">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943056">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943063">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943089">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943096">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>38. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943249">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943327">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943334">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
- OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943403">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
- OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
455">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943555">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943563">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943653">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943683">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943736">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943774">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943791">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943837">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943911">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943935">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944122">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>39. <a href="#speed">Samba Performance Tuning</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944254">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944298">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944388">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944438">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944498">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944528">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944612">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944675">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944704">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944729">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944774">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>40. <a href="#DNSDHCP">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944876">Note</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>41. <a href="#Further-Resources">Further Resources</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944943">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945351">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2945421">Index</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><b>List of Figures</b></p><dl><dt>5.1. <a href="#domain-example">An Example Domain</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#browsing1">Cross subnet browsing example</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#idmap-diag">IDMAP</a></dt><dt>12.1. <a href="#idmap-group-diag">IDMAP groups</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#access1">Overview of unix permissions field</a></dt><dt>16.1. <a href="#trusts1">Trusts overview</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#small1">Windows Printing to a local Printer</a></dt><dt>19.2. <a href="#small2">Printing to a Postscript Printer</a></dt><dt>19.3. <a href="#small3">Ghostscript as a RIP for non-postscript printers</a></dt><dt>19.4. <a href="#small4">Prefiltering in CUPS to form Postscript</a></dt><dt>19.5. <a href="#small5">Adding Device-specific Print Options</a></dt><dt>19.6. <a href="#small6">Postscript to intermediate Raster format</a></dt><dt>19.7. <a href="#small7">CUPS-raster production using Ghostscript</a></dt><dt>19.8. <a href="#small8">Image format to CUPS-raster format conversion</a></dt><dt>19.9. <a href="#small9">Raster to Printer Specific formats</a></dt><dt>19.10. <a href="#small10">cupsomatic/foomatic processing versus Native CUPS</a></dt><dt>19.11. <a href="#pdftosocket">PDF to socket chain</a></dt><dt>19.12. <a href="#pdftoepsonusb">PDF to USB chain</a></dt><dt>19.13. <a href="#small11">Print Driver execution on the Client</a></dt><dt>19.14. <a href="#small12">Print Driver execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>19.15. <a href="#small13">Printing via CUPS/samba server</a></dt><dt>19.16. <a href="#small14">cupsaddsmb flowchart</a></dt><dt>19.17. <a href="#cups1">Filtering chain 1</a></dt><dt>19.18. <a href="#cups2">Filtering chain with cupsomatic</a></dt><dt>19.19. <a href="#a_small">CUPS Printing Overview</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>7.1. <a href="#id2876064">Assumptions</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#id2881940">Browse subnet example 1</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#id2882053">Browse subnet example 2</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#id2882166">Browse subnet example 3</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#id2882283">Browse subnet example 4</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#id2885640">Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)</a></dt><dt>11.2. <a href="#id2886434">Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</a></dt><dt>11.3. <a href="#id2886566">MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#id2889043">Managing directories with unix and windows</a></dt><dt>13.2. <a href="#id2889459">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>13.3. <a href="#id2889815">File and Directory Permission Based Controls</a></dt><dt>13.4. <a href="#id2890195">Other Controls</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#id2912008">PPD's shipped with CUPS</a></dt><dt>20.1. <a href="#id2923214">Extended Auditing Log Information</a></dt><dt>24.1. <a href="#id2931019">User Shell Folder registry keys default values</a></dt><dt>24.2. <a href="#id2931163">Defaults of profile settings registry keys</a></dt><dt>24.3. <a href="#id2931418">Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys</a></dt><dt>25.1. <a href="#id2933738">Options recognized by pam_smbpass</a></dt><dt>26.1. <a href="#id2934950">Unique NetBIOS names</a></dt><dt>26.2. <a href="#id2935020">Group Names</a></dt><dt>30.1. <a href="#id2937502">TDB File Descriptions</a></dt><dt>31.1. <a href="#id2938955">The 3 Major Site Types</a></dt><dt>31.2. <a href="#id2939102">Nature of the Conversion Choices</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><b>List of Examples</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="#id2858491">Simplest possible smb.conf file</a></dt><dt>5.1. <a href="#pdc-example">smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>5.2. <a href="#id2869056">smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>6.1. <a href="#id2874200">Minimal smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>6.2. <a href="#id2874479">Minimal setup for being a BDC</a></dt><dt>8.1. <a href="#id2877627">smb.conf for Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt>8.2. <a href="#id2877945">smb.conf for anonymous printing</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#id2879534">Domain master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#id2879624">Local master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#id2879762">smb.conf for not being a master browser</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#id2879868">Local master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.5. <a href="#id2879985">smb.conf for not being a master browser</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#idmapbackendexample"></a></dt><dt>11.2. <a href="#id2885206">Configuration with LDAP</a></dt><dt>12.1. <a href="#id2888052">smbgrpadd.sh</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#id2889268">Example File</a></dt><dt>14.1. <a href="#id2893990">Share with some files oplocked</a></dt><dt>14.2. <a href="#id2894131"></a></dt><dt>17.1. <a href="#id2896842">smb.conf with DFS configured</a></dt><dt>18.1. <a href="#id2897881">Simple configuration with BSD printing</a></dt><dt>18.2. <a href="#extbsdpr">Extended configuration with BSD printing</a></dt><dt>18.3. <a href="#id2901544">[print\$] example</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#id2907869">Simplest printing-related smb.conf</a></dt><dt>19.2. <a href="#id2908047">Overriding global CUPS settings for one printer</a></dt><dt>19.3. <a href="#id2914041">smb.conf for cupsaddsmb usage</a></dt><dt>20.1. <a href="#id2922927">smb.conf with VFS modules</a></dt><dt>20.2. <a href="#id2923026">smb.conf with multiple VFS modules</a></dt><dt>21.1. <a href="#id2925020">smb.conf for winbind set-up</a></dt><dt>33.1. <a href="#id2940668">smb.conf with [tmp] share</a></dt><dt>38.1. <a href="#id2944007">Minimal profile share</a></dt></dl></div><div class="preface" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2799919"></a>Legal Notice</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920314">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920369">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920538">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920556">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920786">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920793">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920835">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920965">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920984">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921153">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921198">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921220">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921286">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#winbind">Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921516">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921611">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921756">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921786">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921815">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921849">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921872">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922009">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922081">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922128">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922156">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2922164">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922231">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922333">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923890">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923909">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923962">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924071">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924101">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924200">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924218">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924438">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924711">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924744">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924822">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924888">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924999">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925094">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925227">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925491">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925596">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925636">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925655">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925700">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925851">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925865">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925964">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925999">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926040">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926530">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927776">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927861">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2928114">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928172">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928216">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928237">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928385">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928939">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2929447">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2929460">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929529">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929742">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#pam">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930271">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930288">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930969">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931283">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931361">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931445">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931826">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931839">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931926">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932164">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932188">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932259">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932315">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932456">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932499">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932551">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2932655">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932922">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932985">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933234">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933266">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933298">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2933416">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2933432">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933465">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933517">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>27. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2933721">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933765">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933962">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934130">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934137">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#Backup">Samba Backup Techniques</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934250">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934264">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#SambaHA">High Availability Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934334">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>IV. <a href="#migration">Migration and Updating</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>30. <a href="#upgrading-to-3.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934473">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934602">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934617">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934744">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935140">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935215">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935222">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935456">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935505">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935648">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935672">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936004">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936029">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936467">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2936679">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936770">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937026">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937386">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937426">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937663">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937775">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937837">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937944">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938008">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938072">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938120">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938171">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938195">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>V. <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>33. <a href="#diagnosis">The Samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938325">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938359">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940060">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940082">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940195">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940216">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2940586">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940626">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940778">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940906">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940969">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941006">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941348">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941395">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>VI. <a href="#Appendixes">Appendixes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>36. <a href="#compiling">How to compile Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2941554">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2941570">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941600">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2941849">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941913">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942063">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942242">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942409">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942763">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>37. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942927">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943015">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943044">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943217">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943261">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943268">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943294">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943299">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>38. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943452">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943531">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943538">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
+ OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943607">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
+ OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
660">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943760">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943768">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943858">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943888">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943941">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943979">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943996">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944042">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944116">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944140">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944326">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>39. <a href="#speed">Samba Performance Tuning</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944458">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944501">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944592">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944641">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944701">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944732">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944816">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944879">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944908">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944932">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944965">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>40. <a href="#DNSDHCP">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2945070">Note</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>41. <a href="#Further-Resources">Further Resources</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2945137">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945545">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2945614">Index</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><b>List of Figures</b></p><dl><dt>5.1. <a href="#domain-example">An Example Domain</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#browsing1">Cross subnet browsing example</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#idmap-diag">IDMAP</a></dt><dt>12.1. <a href="#idmap-group-diag">IDMAP groups</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#access1">Overview of unix permissions field</a></dt><dt>16.1. <a href="#trusts1">Trusts overview</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#small1">Windows Printing to a local Printer</a></dt><dt>19.2. <a href="#small2">Printing to a Postscript Printer</a></dt><dt>19.3. <a href="#small3">Ghostscript as a RIP for non-postscript printers</a></dt><dt>19.4. <a href="#small4">Prefiltering in CUPS to form Postscript</a></dt><dt>19.5. <a href="#small5">Adding Device-specific Print Options</a></dt><dt>19.6. <a href="#small6">Postscript to intermediate Raster format</a></dt><dt>19.7. <a href="#small7">CUPS-raster production using Ghostscript</a></dt><dt>19.8. <a href="#small8">Image format to CUPS-raster format conversion</a></dt><dt>19.9. <a href="#small9">Raster to Printer Specific formats</a></dt><dt>19.10. <a href="#small10">cupsomatic/foomatic processing versus Native CUPS</a></dt><dt>19.11. <a href="#pdftosocket">PDF to socket chain</a></dt><dt>19.12. <a href="#pdftoepsonusb">PDF to USB chain</a></dt><dt>19.13. <a href="#small11">Print Driver execution on the Client</a></dt><dt>19.14. <a href="#small12">Print Driver execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>19.15. <a href="#small13">Printing via CUPS/samba server</a></dt><dt>19.16. <a href="#small14">cupsaddsmb flowchart</a></dt><dt>19.17. <a href="#cups1">Filtering chain 1</a></dt><dt>19.18. <a href="#cups2">Filtering chain with cupsomatic</a></dt><dt>19.19. <a href="#a_small">CUPS Printing Overview</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>7.1. <a href="#id2873569">Assumptions</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#id2879437">Browse subnet example 1</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#id2879550">Browse subnet example 2</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#id2879662">Browse subnet example 3</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#id2879779">Browse subnet example 4</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#id2883118">Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)</a></dt><dt>11.2. <a href="#id2883914">Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</a></dt><dt>11.3. <a href="#id2884046">MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#id2886508">Managing directories with unix and windows</a></dt><dt>13.2. <a href="#id2886925">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>13.3. <a href="#id2887281">File and Directory Permission Based Controls</a></dt><dt>13.4. <a href="#id2887661">Other Controls</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#id2909623">PPD's shipped with CUPS</a></dt><dt>20.1. <a href="#id2920882">Extended Auditing Log Information</a></dt><dt>24.1. <a href="#id2928735">User Shell Folder registry keys default values</a></dt><dt>24.2. <a href="#id2928879">Defaults of profile settings registry keys</a></dt><dt>24.3. <a href="#id2929134">Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys</a></dt><dt>25.1. <a href="#id2931477">Options recognized by pam_smbpass</a></dt><dt>26.1. <a href="#id2932688">Unique NetBIOS names</a></dt><dt>26.2. <a href="#id2932758">Group Names</a></dt><dt>30.1. <a href="#id2935241">TDB File Descriptions</a></dt><dt>31.1. <a href="#id2936694">The 3 Major Site Types</a></dt><dt>31.2. <a href="#id2936841">Nature of the Conversion Choices</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><b>List of Examples</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="#id2802256">Simplest possible smb.conf file</a></dt><dt>5.1. <a href="#pdc-example">smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>5.2. <a href="#id2870309">smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>6.1. <a href="#id2871704">Minimal smb.conf for being a PDC</a></dt><dt>6.2. <a href="#id2871983">Minimal setup for being a BDC</a></dt><dt>8.1. <a href="#id2875123">smb.conf for Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt>8.2. <a href="#id2875442">smb.conf for anonymous printing</a></dt><dt>10.1. <a href="#id2877023">Domain master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#id2877114">Local master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#id2877252">smb.conf for not being a master browser</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#id2877358">Local master browser smb.conf</a></dt><dt>10.5. <a href="#id2877475">smb.conf for not being a master browser</a></dt><dt>11.1. <a href="#idmapbackendexample"></a></dt><dt>11.2. <a href="#id2882685">Configuration with LDAP</a></dt><dt>12.1. <a href="#id2885526">smbgrpadd.sh</a></dt><dt>13.1. <a href="#id2886704">Example File</a></dt><dt>14.1. <a href="#id2891471">Share with some files oplocked</a></dt><dt>14.2. <a href="#id2891612"></a></dt><dt>17.1. <a href="#id2894342">smb.conf with DFS configured</a></dt><dt>18.1. <a href="#id2895382">Simple configuration with BSD printing</a></dt><dt>18.2. <a href="#extbsdpr">Extended configuration with BSD printing</a></dt><dt>18.3. <a href="#id2899046">[print\$] example</a></dt><dt>19.1. <a href="#id2905436">Simplest printing-related smb.conf</a></dt><dt>19.2. <a href="#id2905615">Overriding global CUPS settings for one printer</a></dt><dt>19.3. <a href="#id2911654">smb.conf for cupsaddsmb usage</a></dt><dt>20.1. <a href="#id2920594">smb.conf with VFS modules</a></dt><dt>20.2. <a href="#id2920694">smb.conf with multiple VFS modules</a></dt><dt>21.1. <a href="#id2922722">smb.conf for winbind set-up</a></dt><dt>33.1. <a href="#id2938408">smb.conf with [tmp] share</a></dt><dt>38.1. <a href="#id2944212">Minimal profile share</a></dt></dl></div><div class="preface" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2796910"></a>Legal Notice</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This documentation is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL)
version 2. A copy of the license is included with the Samba source
distribution. A copy can be found on-line at <a href="http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt</a>
-</p></div><div class="preface" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2799
941"></a>Attributions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p><a href="#IntroSMB" title="Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba">Introduction to Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>David Lechnyr <<a href="mailto:david@lechnyr.com" target="_top">david@lechnyr.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#install" title="Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Karl Auer</p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#FastStart" title="Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ServerType" title="Chapter 4. Server Types and Security Modes">Server Types and Security Modes</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#samba-pdc" title="Chapter 5. Domain Control">Domain Control</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>David Bannon <<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org" target="_top">dbannon@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#samba-bdc" title="Chapter 6. Backup Domain Control">Backup Domain Control</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Volker Lendecke <<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE" target="_top">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 7. Domain Membership">Domain Membership</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#StandAloneServer" title="Chapter 8. Stand-Alone Servers">Stand-Alone Servers</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ClientConfig" title="Chapter 9. MS Windows Network Configuration Guide">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">Account Information Databases</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Olivier (lem) Lemaire <<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org" target="_top">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#groupmapping" title="Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jean François Micouleau</p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#AccessControls" title="Chapter 13. File, Directory and Share Access Controls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawing) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#locking" title="Chapter 14. File and Record Locking">File and Record Locking</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Eric Roseme <<a href="mailto:eric.roseme@hp.com" target="_top">eric.roseme@hp.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#securing-samba" title="Chapter 15. Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#InterdomainTrusts" title="Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Rafal Szczesniak <<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org" target="_top">mimir@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawing) </p></li><li><p>Stephen Langasek <<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net" target="_top">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#msdfs" title="Chapter 17. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Shirish Kalele <<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">samba@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#printing" title="Chapter 18. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing Support</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Kurt Pfeifle <<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de" target="_top">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#CUPS-printing" title="Chapter 19. CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Kurt Pfeifle <<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de" target="_top">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></p></li><li><p>Ciprian Vizitiu <<a href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org" target="_top">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>> (drawings) </p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawings) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#VFS" title="Chapter 20. Stackable VFS modules">Stackable VFS modules</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Tim Potter</p></li><li><p>Simo Sorce (original vfs_skel README) </p></li><li><p>Alexander Bokovoy (original vfs_netatalk docs) </p></li><li><p>Stefan Metzmacher (Update for multiple modules) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement" title="Chapter 22. Advanced Network Management">Advanced Network Management</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#PolicyMgmt" title="Chapter 23. System and Account Policies">System and Account Policies</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ProfileMgmt" title="Chapter 24. Desktop Profile Management">Desktop Profile Management</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#pam" title="Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Stephen Langasek <<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net" target="_top">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#integrate-ms-networks" title="Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#unicode" title="Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets">Unicode/Charsets</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>TAKAHASHI Motonobu <<a href="mailto:monyo@home.monyo.com" target="_top">monyo@home.monyo.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Backup" title="Chapter 28. Samba Backup Techniques">Samba Backup Techniques</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#SambaHA" title="Chapter 29. High Availability Options">High Availability Options</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#upgrading-to-3.0" title="Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#NT4Migration" title="Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#SWAT" title="Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 33. The Samba checklist">The Samba checklist</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#problems" title="Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>David Bannon <<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org" target="_top">dbannon@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#bugreport" title="Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs">Reporting Bugs</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#compiling" title="Chapter 36. How to compile Samba">How to compile Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Portability" title="Chapter 37. Portability">Portability</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Other-Clients" title="Chapter 38. Samba and other CIFS clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jim McDonough <<a href="mailto:jmcd@us.ibm.com" target="_top">jmcd@us.ibm.com</a>> (OS/2) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#speed" title="Chapter 39. Samba Performance Tuning">Samba Performance Tuning</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Paul Cochrane <<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk" target="_top">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#DNSDHCP" title="Chapter 40. DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Further-Resources" title="Chapter 41. Further Resources">Further Resources</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="introduction"></a>General Installation</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2798930"></a>Preparing Samba for Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>This section of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection contains general info on how to install samba
+</p></div><div class="preface" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2799
782"></a>Attributions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p><a href="#IntroSMB" title="Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba">Introduction to Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>David Lechnyr <<a href="mailto:david@lechnyr.com" target="_top">david@lechnyr.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#install" title="Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Karl Auer</p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#FastStart" title="Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ServerType" title="Chapter 4. Server Types and Security Modes">Server Types and Security Modes</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#samba-pdc" title="Chapter 5. Domain Control">Domain Control</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>David Bannon <<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org" target="_top">dbannon@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#samba-bdc" title="Chapter 6. Backup Domain Control">Backup Domain Control</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Volker Lendecke <<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE" target="_top">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 7. Domain Membership">Domain Membership</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#StandAloneServer" title="Chapter 8. Stand-Alone Servers">Stand-Alone Servers</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ClientConfig" title="Chapter 9. MS Windows Network Configuration Guide">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">Account Information Databases</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Olivier (lem) Lemaire <<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org" target="_top">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#groupmapping" title="Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jean François Micouleau</p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#AccessControls" title="Chapter 13. File, Directory and Share Access Controls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawing) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#locking" title="Chapter 14. File and Record Locking">File and Record Locking</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jeremy Allison <<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org" target="_top">jra@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Eric Roseme <<a href="mailto:eric.roseme@hp.com" target="_top">eric.roseme@hp.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#securing-samba" title="Chapter 15. Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#InterdomainTrusts" title="Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Rafal Szczesniak <<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org" target="_top">mimir@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawing) </p></li><li><p>Stephen Langasek <<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net" target="_top">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#msdfs" title="Chapter 17. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Shirish Kalele <<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">samba@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#printing" title="Chapter 18. Classical Printing Support">Classical Printing Support</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Kurt Pfeifle <<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de" target="_top">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#CUPS-printing" title="Chapter 19. CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Kurt Pfeifle <<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de" target="_top">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></p></li><li><p>Ciprian Vizitiu <<a href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org" target="_top">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>> (drawings) </p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>> (drawings) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#VFS" title="Chapter 20. Stackable VFS modules">Stackable VFS modules</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Tim Potter</p></li><li><p>Simo Sorce (original vfs_skel README) </p></li><li><p>Alexander Bokovoy (original vfs_netatalk docs) </p></li><li><p>Stefan Metzmacher (Update for multiple modules) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement" title="Chapter 22. Advanced Network Management">Advanced Network Management</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#PolicyMgmt" title="Chapter 23. System and Account Policies">System and Account Policies</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#ProfileMgmt" title="Chapter 24. Desktop Profile Management">Desktop Profile Management</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#pam" title="Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Stephen Langasek <<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net" target="_top">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#integrate-ms-networks" title="Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#unicode" title="Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets">Unicode/Charsets</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>TAKAHASHI Motonobu <<a href="mailto:monyo@home.monyo.com" target="_top">monyo@home.monyo.com</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Backup" title="Chapter 28. Samba Backup Techniques">Samba Backup Techniques</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#SambaHA" title="Chapter 29. High Availability Options">High Availability Options</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#upgrading-to-3.0" title="Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#NT4Migration" title="Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#SWAT" title="Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 33. The Samba checklist">The Samba checklist</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#problems" title="Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Gerald (Jerry) Carter <<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>David Bannon <<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org" target="_top">dbannon@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#bugreport" title="Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs">Reporting Bugs</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#compiling" title="Chapter 36. How to compile Samba">How to compile Samba</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Andrew Tridgell <<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org" target="_top">tridge@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Portability" title="Chapter 37. Portability">Portability</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Other-Clients" title="Chapter 38. Samba and other CIFS clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>Jim McDonough <<a href="mailto:jmcd@us.ibm.com" target="_top">jmcd@us.ibm.com</a>> (OS/2) </p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#speed" title="Chapter 39. Samba Performance Tuning">Samba Performance Tuning</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Paul Cochrane <<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk" target="_top">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></p></li><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#DNSDHCP" title="Chapter 40. DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>John H. Terpstra <<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">jht@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div><p><a href="#Further-Resources" title="Chapter 41. Further Resources">Further Resources</a></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Jelmer R. Vernooij <<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">jelmer@samba.org</a>></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="introduction"></a>General Installation</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2801502"></a>Preparing Samba for Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>This section of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection contains general info on how to install samba
and how to configure the parts of samba you will most likely need.
-PLEASE read this.</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2799013">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2799095">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858014">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858083">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858171">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858244">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858386">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858430">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858468">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858657">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858703">Try listing the shares available on your
- server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
58761">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858878">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858961">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858993">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859006">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859105">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859124">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#FastStart">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867442">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="IntroSMB"></a>Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Lechnyr</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Unofficial HOWTO<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:david@lechnyr.com">david@lechnyr.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 14, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2799013">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2799095">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858014">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858083">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858171">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858244">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></div><p>“<span class="quote">
+PLEASE read this.</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2801584">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801642">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801779">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801848">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801936">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802009">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2802151">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802195">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2802232">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866164">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866210">Try listing the shares available on your
+ server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
66267">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866384">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866468">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866500">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866513">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866612">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866630">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#FastStart">Fast Start for the Impatient</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866757">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="IntroSMB"></a>Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Lechnyr</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Unofficial HOWTO<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:david@lechnyr.com">david@lechnyr.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 14, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2801584">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801642">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801779">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801848">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2801936">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802009">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></div><p>“<span class="quote">
"If you understand what you're doing, you're not learning anything."
-- Anonymous
</span>”</p><p>
strengths is that you can use it to blend your mix of Windows and Linux machines together
without requiring a separate Windows NT/2000/2003 Server. Samba is actively being developed
by a global team of about 30 active programmers and was originally developed by Andrew Tridgell.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
799013"></a>Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
801584"></a>Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Once long ago, there was a buzzword referred to as DCE/RPC. This stood for Distributed
Computing Environment/Remote Procedure Calls and conceptually was a good idea. It was
originally developed by Apollo/HP as NCA 1.0 (Network Computing Architecture) and only
are *still* many missing pieces... While often tedious, at least the way has been generously
littered with occurrences of clapping hand to forehead and muttering 'crikey, what are they
thinking?
-</em></span></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
799095"></a>Terminology</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
+</em></span></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
801642"></a>Terminology</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
SMB: Acronym for "Server Message Block". This is Microsoft's file and printer sharing protocol.
</p></li><li><p>
CIFS: Acronym for "Common Internet File System". Around 1996, Microsoft apparently
W3K: Acronym for Windows 2003 Server
</p></li></ul></div><p>If you plan on getting help, make sure to subscribe to the Samba Mailing List (available at
<a href="http://www.samba.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba.org</a>).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58014"></a>Related Projects</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
01779"></a>Related Projects</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are currently two network filesystem client projects for Linux that are directly
related to Samba: SMBFS and CIFS VFS. These are both available in the Linux kernel itself.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
There are other Open Source CIFS client implementations, such as the
<a href="http://jcifs.samba.org/" target="_top">jCIFS project</a>
which provides an SMB client toolkit written in Java.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58083"></a>SMB Methodology</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
01848"></a>SMB Methodology</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Traditionally, SMB uses UDP port 137 (NetBIOS name service, or netbios-ns),
UDP port 138 (NetBIOS datagram service, or netbios-dgm), and TCP port 139 (NetBIOS
session service, or netbios-ssn). Anyone looking at their network with a good
A good way to examine this process in depth is to try out
<a href="http://www.securityfriday.com/ToolDownload/SWB/swb_doc.html" target="_top">SecurityFriday's SWB program</a>.
It allows you to walk through the establishment of a SMB/CIFS session step by step.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58171"></a>Epilogue</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
01936"></a>Epilogue</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">
What's fundamentally wrong is that nobody ever had any taste when they
did it. Microsoft has been very much into making the user interface look good,
but internally it's just a complete mess. And even people who program for Microsoft
That's what's really irritating to me."
</span>”</p><p>--
<a href="http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/boot.txt" target="_top">Linus Torvalds, from an interview with BOOT Magazine, Sept 1998</a>
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58244"></a>Miscellaneous</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
02009"></a>Miscellaneous</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter is Copyright 2003 David Lechnyr (david at lechnyr dot com).
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms
of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. A copy of the license is available at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Karl</span> <span class="surname">Auer</span></h3></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2858386">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858430">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858468">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858657">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858703">Try listing the shares available on your
- server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
58761">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858878">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858961">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858993">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859006">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859105">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859124">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858386"></a>Obtaining and installing samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Karl</span> <span class="surname">Auer</span></h3></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2802151">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2802195">Configuring samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2802232">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866164">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866210">Try listing the shares available on your
+ server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
66267">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866384">Try connecting from another SMB client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866468">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866500">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866513">Large number of smbd processes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866612">"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866630">"The network name cannot be found"</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2802151"></a>Obtaining and installing samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Binary packages of samba are included in almost any Linux or
UNIX distribution. There are also some packages available at
<a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">the samba homepage</a>.
<a href="#compiling" title="Chapter 36. How to compile Samba">the chapter about compiling samba from scratch</a>.</p><p>If you have already installed samba, or if your operating system
was pre-installed with samba, then you may not need to bother with this
chapter. On the other hand, you may want to read this chapter anyhow
- for information about updating samba.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58430"></a>Configuring samba (smb.conf)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ for information about updating samba.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
02195"></a>Configuring samba (smb.conf)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba's configuration is stored in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file,
that usually resides in <tt class="filename">/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt>
or <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt>. You can either
edit this file yourself or do it using one of the many graphical
tools that are available, such as the web-based interface swat, that
is included with samba.
- </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
58468"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
02232"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are sample configuration files in the examples subdirectory in the
distribution. I suggest you read them carefully so you can see how the options
go together in practice. See the man page for all the options.
</p><p>
The simplest useful configuration file would be something like this:
</p><p>
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id28
58491"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.1. Simplest possible smb.conf file</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id28
02256"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.1. Simplest possible smb.conf file</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
This will allow connections by anyone with an account on the server, using either
their login name or <i class="parameter"><tt>homes</tt></i>" as the service name.
For more information about security settings for the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i> share please refer to
<a href="#securing-samba" title="Chapter 15. Securing Samba">"Securing Samba"</a>.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
58604"></a>Test your config file with <b class="command">testparm</b></h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
66111"></a>Test your config file with <b class="command">testparm</b></h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
It's important that you test the validity of your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
file using the <span class="application">testparm</span> program. If testparm runs OK
then it will list the loaded services. If not it will give an error message.
Make sure it runs OK and that the services look reasonable before proceeding.
</p><p>
Always run testparm again when you change <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>!
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
58657"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
66164"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
SWAT is a web-based interface that helps you configure samba.
SWAT might not be available in the samba package on your platform,
but in a separate package. Please read the swat manpage
machine but connecting from a remote machine leaves your
connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent
in the clear over the wire.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858703"></a>Try listing the shares available on your
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866210"></a>Try listing the shares available on your
server</h2></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient -L <i class="replaceable"><tt>yourhostname</tt></i></tt></b>
</pre><p>You should get back a list of shares available on
See the <b class="command">smbclient</b> man page for details. (you
can force it to list the shares without a password by
adding the option -U% to the command line. This will not work
- with non-Samba servers)</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58761"></a>Try connecting with the unix client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ with non-Samba servers)</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
66267"></a>Try connecting with the unix client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient <i class="replaceable"><tt> //yourhostname/aservice</tt></i></tt></b>
</pre><p>Typically the <i class="replaceable"><tt>yourhostname</tt></i>
in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>For example if your unix host is <i class="replaceable"><tt>bambi</tt></i>
and your login name is <i class="replaceable"><tt>fred</tt></i> you would type:</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //<i class="replaceable"><tt>bambi</tt></i>/<i class="replaceable"><tt>fred</tt></i></tt></b>
-</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58878"></a>Try connecting from another SMB client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Try mounting disks. from a DOS, Windows or OS/2 client, eg:</p><pre class="screen">
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
66384"></a>Try connecting from another SMB client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Try mounting disks. from a DOS, Windows or OS/2 client, eg:</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">C:\> </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net use d: \\servername\service</tt></b>
</pre><p>Try printing. eg:</p><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">C:\> </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net use lpt1: \\servername\spoolservice</tt></b>
</pre><p>
</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">C:\> </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>print filename</tt></b>
-</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58961"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Then you might read the file chapter <a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 33. The Samba checklist">diagnosis</a>
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
66468"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Then you might read the file chapter <a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 33. The Samba checklist">diagnosis</a>
and the FAQ. If you are still stuck then refer to <a href="#problems" title="Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems">"Analysing and solving problems"</a>.
Samba has been successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide,
- so maybe someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
58993"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ so maybe someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
66500"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following questions and issues get raised on the samba mailing list over and over again.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
59006"></a>Large number of smbd processes</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
66513"></a>Large number of smbd processes</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba consists on three core programs:
<span class="application">nmbd</span>, <span class="application">smbd</span>, <span class="application">winbindd</span>. <span class="application">nmbd</span> is the name server message daemon,
<span class="application">smbd</span> is the server message daemon, <span class="application">winbindd</span> is the daemon that
</p><p>
<span class="application">winbindd</span> will run as one or two daemons, depending on whether or not it is being
run in "split mode" (in which case there will be two instances).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
59105"></a>"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Your loopback device isn't working correctly. Make sure it's configured properly. The loopback device is an internal (virtual) network device with
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
66612"></a>"open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Your loopback device isn't working correctly. Make sure it's configured properly. The loopback device is an internal (virtual) network device with
the ip address 127.0.0.1. Read your OS documentation for details
- on how to configure the loopback on your system.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
59124"></a>"<span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span>"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ on how to configure the loopback on your system.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
66630"></a>"<span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span>"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This error can be caused by one of these misconfigurations:
- </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You specified an nonexisting <a class="indexterm" name="id286
7341"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> for the share in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> </p></li><li><p>The user you are trying to access the share with does not
- have sufficient permissions to access the <a class="indexterm" name="id286
7369"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> for the share. Both read (r) and access (x) should be possible.</p></li><li><p>The share you are trying to access does not exist.</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="FastStart"></a>Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2867442">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867442"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You specified an nonexisting <a class="indexterm" name="id286
6655"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> for the share in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> </p></li><li><p>The user you are trying to access the share with does not
+ have sufficient permissions to access the <a class="indexterm" name="id286
6684"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> for the share. Both read (r) and access (x) should be possible.</p></li><li><p>The share you are trying to access does not exist.</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="FastStart"></a>Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2866757">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866757"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter did not make it into this release.
It is planned for the published release of this document.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="type"></a>Server Configuration Basics</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id286
7469"></a>First Steps in Server Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="type"></a>Server Configuration Basics</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id286
6784"></a>First Steps in Server Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba can operate in various modes within SMB networks. This HOWTO section contains information on
configuring samba to function as the type of server your network requires. Please read this
section carefully.
-</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>4. <a href="#ServerType">Server Types and Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id286
7622">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867717">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867803">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867922">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868060">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852162">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852420">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852521">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869450">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869643">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869671">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869710">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869747">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869786">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc">Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870118">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870332">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870347">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870592">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868460">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868947">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868985">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869000">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873315">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873322">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873381">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873436">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873520">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873592">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873625">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873647">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc">Backup Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873807">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873997">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874026">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874268">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874289">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874316">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874329">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874464">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874620">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874633">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874664">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874691">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874735">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#domain-member">Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874943">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875556">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875771">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875842">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876489">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876674">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876803">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877177">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877199">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877226">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877258">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#StandAloneServer">Stand-Alone Servers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877459">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877498">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877581">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878101">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>9. <a href="#ClientConfig">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878165">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ServerType"></a>Chapter 4. Server Types and Security Modes</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2867622">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867717">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867803">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867922">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868060">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852162">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852420">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2852521">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869450">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869643">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869671">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869710">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869747">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869786">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>4. <a href="#ServerType">Server Types and Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id286
6937">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867038">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867124">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867244">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867382">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867518">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867776">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867877">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868158">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868359">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868387">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868427">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868463">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868503">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc">Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868835">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869049">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869064">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869309">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869698">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870186">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870238">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870253">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2870825">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870831">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870890">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870945">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871029">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871102">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871135">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871156">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc">Backup Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871317">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871494">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871522">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871772">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871793">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871819">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871833">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871968">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872125">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872138">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872169">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872196">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872240">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#domain-member">Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872448">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873061">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873276">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873347">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873995">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874178">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874307">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874683">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874706">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874732">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874764">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#StandAloneServer">Stand-Alone Servers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874966">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875004">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875078">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875598">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>9. <a href="#ClientConfig">MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875663">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ServerType"></a>Chapter 4. Server Types and Security Modes</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2866937">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867038">Server Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867124">Samba Security Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867244">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867382">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867518">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867776">ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867877">Server Security (User Level Security)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868158">Password checking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868359">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868387">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868427">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868463">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868503">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This chapter provides information regarding the types of server that Samba may be
configured to be. A Microsoft network administrator who wishes to migrate to or to
use Samba will want to know what, within a Samba context, terms familiar to MS Windows
that highlights features and benefits. We hope that the information provided will help to
answer this question. Be warned though, we want to be fair and reasonable, so not all
features are positive towards Samba so the benefit may be on the side of our competition.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
7622"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
6937"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Two men were walking down a dusty road, when one suddenly kicked up a small red stone. It
hurt his toe and lodged in his sandal. He took the stone out and cursed it with a passion
and fury fitting his anguish. The other looked at the stone and said, that is a garnet - I
greater flexibility than MS Windows NT4 and in many cases a
significantly higher utility than Active Directory domains
with MS Windows 200x.
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867
717"></a>Server Types</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Administrators of Microsoft networks often refer to three
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867
038"></a>Server Types</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Administrators of Microsoft networks often refer to three
different type of servers:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Domain Controller</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="circle"><li><p>Primary Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>Backup Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>ADS Domain Controller</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Domain Member Server</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="circle"><li><p>Active Directory Domain Server</p></li><li><p>NT4 Style Domain Domain Server</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Stand Alone Server</p></li></ul></div><p>
The chapters covering Domain Control, Backup Domain Control and Domain Membership provide
pertinent information regarding Samba configuration for each of these server roles.
The reader is strongly encouraged to become intimately familiar with the information
presented.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867
803"></a>Samba Security Modes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-In this section the function and purpose of Samba's <a class="indexterm" name="id2867815"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867
124"></a>Samba Security Modes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+In this section the function and purpose of Samba's <a class="indexterm" name="id2867135"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i>
modes are described. An accurate understanding of how Samba implements each security
mode as well as how to configure MS Windows clients for each mode will significantly
reduce user complaints and administrator heartache.
but it fits in with the client/server approach of SMB. In SMB everything is initiated
and controlled by the client, and the server can only tell the client what is
available and whether an action is allowed.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867
922"></a>User Level Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867
244"></a>User Level Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
We will describe <span class="emphasis"><em>user level</em></span> security first, as it's simpler.
In <span class="emphasis"><em>user level</em></span> security, the client will send a
<span class="emphasis"><em>session setup</em></span> command directly after the protocol negotiation.
requests. When the server responds, it gives the client a <span class="emphasis"><em>uid</em></span> to use
as an authentication tag for that username/password. The client can maintain multiple
authentication contexts in this way (WinDD is an example of an application that does this).
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id286
8014"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id286
7336"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter that sets <span class="emphasis"><em>User Level Security</em></span> is:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = user</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
This is the default setting since samba-2.2.x.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
8060"></a>Share Level Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
7382"></a>Share Level Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Ok, now for share level security. In share level security, the client authenticates
itself separately for each share. It will send a password along with each
<span class="emphasis"><em>tree connection</em></span> (share mount). It does not explicitly send a
this username in a list of <span class="emphasis"><em>possible usernames</em></span>. When the client
then does a <span class="emphasis"><em>tree connection</em></span> it also adds to this list the name
of the share they try to connect to (useful for home directories) and any users
-listed in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2852085"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> line. The password is then checked
+listed in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2867441"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> line. The password is then checked
in turn against these <span class="emphasis"><em>possible usernames</em></span>. If a match is found
then the client is authenticated as that user.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
52114"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
67470"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter that sets <span class="emphasis"><em>Share Level Security</em></span> is:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = share</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
Please note that there are reports that recent MS Windows clients do not like to work
with share mode security servers. You are strongly discouraged from using share level security.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
52162"></a>Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-When Samba is operating in <a class="indexterm" name="id2852174"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain mode,
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
67518"></a>Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+When Samba is operating in <a class="indexterm" name="id2867530"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain mode,
the Samba server has a domain security trust account (a machine account) and will cause
all authentication requests to be passed through to the domain controllers.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
52193"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
67549"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>
Samba as a Domain Member Server
</em></span></p><p>
This method involves addition of the following parameters in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file:
presented in <a href="#winbind" title="Chapter 21. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts">the chapter about winbind</a>.
</p><p>
For more information of being a domain member, see <a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 7. Domain Membership">the chapter about domain membership</a>.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
52420"></a>ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
67776"></a>ADS Security Mode (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Both Samba 2.2 and 3.0 can join an Active Directory domain. This is
possible if the domain is run in native mode. Active Directory in
native mode perfectly allows NT4-style domain members. This is contrary to
and above and all use Kerberos. In this case Samba as a NT4-style
domain would still require NT-compatible authentication data. Samba in
AD-member mode can accept Kerberos tickets.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
52450"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>realm = your.kerberos.REALM</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = ADS</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
67806"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>realm = your.kerberos.REALM</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = ADS</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
The following parameter may be required:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ads server = your.kerberos.server</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
Please refer to <a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 7. Domain Membership">the chapter on domain membership</a>
for more information regarding this configuration option.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
52521"></a>Server Security (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
67877"></a>Server Security (User Level Security)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Server security mode is a left over from the time when Samba was not capable of acting
as a domain member server. It is highly recommended NOT to use this feature. Server
security mode has many draw backs. The draw backs include:
In server security mode the Samba server reports to the client that it is in user level
security. The client then does a <span class="emphasis"><em>session setup</em></span> as described earlier.
The Samba server takes the username/password that the client sends and attempts to login to the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2852593"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> by sending exactly the same username/password that
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2867950"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> by sending exactly the same username/password that
it got from the client. If that server is in user level security and accepts the password,
then Samba accepts the clients connection. This allows the Samba server to use another SMB
-server as the <a class="indexterm" name="id2852614"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i>.
+server as the <a class="indexterm" name="id2867970"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i>.
</p><p>
You should also note that at the very start of all this, where the server tells the client
what security level it is in, it also tells the client if it supports encryption. If it
does then it supplies the client with a random cryptkey. The client will then send all
passwords in encrypted form. Samba supports this type of encryption by default.
</p><p>
-The parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2852642"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server means that Samba reports to clients that
+The parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2867997"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server means that Samba reports to clients that
it is running in <span class="emphasis"><em>user mode</em></span> but actually passes off all authentication
requests to another <span class="emphasis"><em>user mode</em></span> server. This requires an additional
-parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2852667"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> that points to the real authentication server.
+parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2868023"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> that points to the real authentication server.
That real authentication server can be another Samba server or can be a Windows NT server,
the later natively capable of encrypted password support.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
be determined from a domain name. In essence, a Samba server that is in
<span class="emphasis"><em>server security mode</em></span> is operating in what used to be known as
workgroup mode.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id286
9360"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id286
8067"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>
Using MS Windows NT as an authentication server
</em></span></p><p>
This method involves the additions of the following parameters in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file:
</p><p>
Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be a standard UNIX account
for the user, though this account can be blocked to prevent logons by non-SMB/CIFS clients.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
9450"></a>Password checking</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
8158"></a>Password checking</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows clients may use encrypted passwords as part of a challenge/response
authentication model (a.k.a. NTLMv1 and NTLMv2) or alone, or clear text strings for simple
password based authentication. It should be realized that with the SMB protocol,
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>password level = integer</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>username level = integer</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
By default Samba will lower case the username before attempting to lookup the user
in the database of local system accounts. Because UNIX usernames conventionally
-only contain lower-case character, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2869569"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username level</tt></i> parameter
+only contain lower-case character, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2868286"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username level</tt></i> parameter
is rarely needed.
</p><p>
However, passwords on UNIX systems often make use of mixed-case characters.
This means that in order for a user on a Windows 9x client to connect to a Samba
-server using clear text authentication, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2869592"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i>
+server using clear text authentication, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2868308"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i>
must be set to the maximum number of upper case letters which <span class="emphasis"><em>could</em></span>
appear in a password. Note that if the server OS uses the traditional DES version
-of crypt(), a <a class="indexterm" name="id2869613"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> of 8 will result in case
+of crypt(), a <a class="indexterm" name="id2868330"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> of 8 will result in case
insensitive passwords as seen from Windows users. This will also result in longer
login times as Samba has to compute the permutations of the password string and
try them one by one until a match is located (or all combinations fail).
The best option to adopt is to enable support for encrypted passwords wherever
Samba is used. Most attempts to apply the registry change to re-enable plain text
passwords will eventually lead to user complaints and unhappiness.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
9643"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
8359"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
We all make mistakes. It is Ok to make mistakes, so long as they are made in the right places
and at the right time. A mistake that causes lost productivity is seldom tolerated. A mistake
made in a developmental test lab is expected.
a Samba implementation. Some are the result of misunderstanding of the English language. The
English language has many turns of phrase that are potentially vague and may be highly confusing
to those for whom English is not their native tongue.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
9671"></a>What makes Samba a SERVER?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
8387"></a>What makes Samba a SERVER?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To some the nature of the Samba <span class="emphasis"><em>security</em></span> mode is very obvious, but entirely
-wrong all the same. It is assumed that <a class="indexterm" name="id2869687"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server means that Samba
+wrong all the same. It is assumed that <a class="indexterm" name="id2868403"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server means that Samba
will act as a server. Not so! See above - this setting means that Samba will <span class="emphasis"><em>try</em></span>
to use another SMB server as its source of user authentication alone.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
9710"></a>What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2869728"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain does NOT really make Samba behave
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
8427"></a>What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2868445"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain does NOT really make Samba behave
as a Domain Controller! This setting means we want Samba to be a domain member!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
9747"></a>What makes Samba a Domain Member?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-Guess! So many others do. But whatever you do, do NOT think that <a class="indexterm" name="id2869758"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
8463"></a>What makes Samba a Domain Member?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Guess! So many others do. But whatever you do, do NOT think that <a class="indexterm" name="id2868474"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user
makes Samba act as a domain member. Read the manufacturers manual before the warranty expires! See
<a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 7. Domain Membership">the chapter about domain membership</a> for more information.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
9786"></a>Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id286
8503"></a>Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
Why does server_validate() simply give up rather than re-establishing its connection to the
password server? Though I am not fluent in the SMB protocol, perhaps the cluster server
server, which means the password hashes submitted by the client would not work on a subsequent
connection, whose session key would be different. So server_validate() must give up.</span>”
</p><p>
- Indeed. That's why <a class="indexterm" name="id2869814"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server is at best a nasty hack. Please use <a class="indexterm" name="id2869828"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain.
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2869841"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server mode is also known as pass-through authentication.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-pdc"></a>Chapter 5. Domain Control</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id28
70118">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870332">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870347">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870592">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868460">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868947">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868985">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869000">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873315">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873322">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873381">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873436">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873520">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873592">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873625">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873647">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p><b><span class="emphasis"><em>The Essence of Learning:</em></span> </b>
+ Indeed. That's why <a class="indexterm" name="id2868531"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server is at best a nasty hack. Please use <a class="indexterm" name="id2868545"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2868558"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server mode is also known as pass-through authentication.
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-pdc"></a>Chapter 5. Domain Control</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id28
68835">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869049">Basics of Domain Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869064">Domain Controller Types</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869309">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869698">Domain Control - Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870186">Samba ADS Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870238">Domain and Network Logon Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870253">Domain Network Logon Service</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2870825">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870831">'$' cannot be included in machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870890">Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870945">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871029">The machine trust account not accessible</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871102">Account disabled</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871135">Domain Controller Unavailable</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871156">Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p><b><span class="emphasis"><em>The Essence of Learning:</em></span> </b>
There are many who approach MS Windows networking with incredible misconceptions.
That's OK, because it gives the rest of us plenty of opportunity to be of assistance.
Those who really want help would be well advised to become familiar with information
Where is the right place to make mistakes? Only out of harm's way! If you are going to
make mistakes, then please do this on a test network, away from users and in such a way as
to not inflict pain on others. Do your learning on a test network.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
70118"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
68835"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>What is the key benefit of Microsoft Domain security?</em></span>
</p><p>
In a word, <span class="emphasis"><em>Single Sign On</em></span>, or SSO for short. To many, this is the holy
Refer <a href="#machine-trust-accounts" title="MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts">to the section on machine trust accounts</a>. With Samba-3 there can be multiple
back-ends for this. A complete discussion of account database backends can be found in
<a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">the chapter on Account Information Databases</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
70332"></a>Basics of Domain Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
69049"></a>Basics of Domain Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Over the years, public perceptions of what Domain Control really is has taken on an
almost mystical nature. Before we branch into a brief overview of Domain Control,
there are three basic types of domain controllers:
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
70347"></a>Domain Controller Types</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Primary Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>Backup Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>ADS Domain Controller</p></li></ul></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
69064"></a>Domain Controller Types</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Primary Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>Backup Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>ADS Domain Controller</p></li></ul></div><p>
The <span class="emphasis"><em>Primary Domain Controller</em></span> or PDC plays an important role in the MS
Windows NT4. In Windows 200x Domain Control architecture this role is held by domain controllers.
There is folk lore that dictates that because of it's role in the MS Windows
</p><p>
New to Samba-3 is the ability to use a back-end database that holds the same type of data as
the NT4 style SAM (Security Account Manager) database (one of the registry files).
-<sup>[<a name="id2870424" href="#ftn.id2870424">1</a>]</sup>
+<sup>[<a name="id2869141" href="#ftn.id2869141">1</a>]</sup>
</p><p>
The <span class="emphasis"><em>Backup Domain Controller</em></span> or BDC plays a key role in servicing network
authentication requests. The BDC is biased to answer logon requests in preference to the PDC.
environment. However, there are certain compromises:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>No machine policy files</p></li><li><p>No Group Policy Objects</p></li><li><p>No synchronously executed AD logon scripts</p></li><li><p>Can't use ANY Active Directory management tools to manage users and machines</p></li><li><p>Registry changes tattoo the main registry, while with AD they do NOT. ie: Leave permanent changes in effect</p></li><li><p>Without AD you can not peprform the function of exporting specific applications to specific users or groups</p></li></ul></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
70592"></a>Preparing for Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
69309"></a>Preparing for Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are two ways that MS Windows machines may interact with each other, with other servers,
and with Domain Controllers: Either as <span class="emphasis"><em>Stand-Alone</em></span> systems, more commonly
called <span class="emphasis"><em>Workgroup</em></span> members, or as full participants in a security system,
</p></div><p>
The following are necessary for configuring Samba-3 as an MS Windows NT4 style PDC for MS Windows
NT4 / 200x / XP clients.
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Configuration of basic TCP/IP and MS Windows Networking</p></li><li><p>Correct designation of the Server Role (<a class="indexterm" name="id286
8185"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user)</p></li><li><p>Consistent configuration of Name Resolution (See chapter on <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">Network Browsing</a> and on
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Configuration of basic TCP/IP and MS Windows Networking</p></li><li><p>Correct designation of the Server Role (<a class="indexterm" name="id286
9424"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user)</p></li><li><p>Consistent configuration of Name Resolution (See chapter on <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">Network Browsing</a> and on
<a href="#integrate-ms-networks" title="Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba">Integrating Unix into Windows networks</a>)</p></li><li><p>Domain logons for Windows NT4 / 200x / XP Professional clients</p></li><li><p>Configuration of Roaming Profiles or explicit configuration to force local profile usage</p></li><li><p>Configuration of Network/System Policies</p></li><li><p>Adding and managing domain user accounts</p></li><li><p>Configuring MS Windows client machines to become domain members</p></li></ul></div><p>
The following provisions are required to serve MS Windows 9x / Me Clients:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Configuration of basic TCP/IP and MS Windows Networking</p></li><li><p>Correct designation of the Server Role (<a class="indexterm" name="id286
8279"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user)</p></li><li><p>Network Logon Configuration (Since Windows 9x / XP Home are not technically domain
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Configuration of basic TCP/IP and MS Windows Networking</p></li><li><p>Correct designation of the Server Role (<a class="indexterm" name="id286
9517"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user)</p></li><li><p>Network Logon Configuration (Since Windows 9x / XP Home are not technically domain
members, they do not really participate in the security aspects of Domain logons as such)</p></li><li><p>Roaming Profile Configuration</p></li><li><p>Configuration of System Policy handling</p></li><li><p>Installation of the Network driver "Client for MS Windows Networks" and configuration
to log onto the domain</p></li><li><p>Placing Windows 9x / Me clients in user level security - if it is desired to allow
all client share access to be controlled according to domain user / group identities.</p></li><li><p>Adding and managing domain user accounts</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Provides a share called NETLOGON
</p></li></ul></div><p>
For Samba to provide these is rather easy to configure. Each Samba Domain Controller must provide
-the NETLOGON service which Samba calls the <a class="indexterm" name="id2868409"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons</tt></i> functionality
+the NETLOGON service which Samba calls the <a class="indexterm" name="id2869647"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons</tt></i> functionality
(after the name of the parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file). Additionally, one (1) server in a Samba-3
-Domain must advertise itself as the domain master browser<sup>[<a name="id2868434" href="#ftn.id2868434">2</a>]</sup>. This causes the Primary Domain Controller
+Domain must advertise itself as the domain master browser<sup>[<a name="id2869672" href="#ftn.id2869672">2</a>]</sup>. This causes the Primary Domain Controller
to claim domain specific NetBIOS name that identifies it as a domain master browser for its given
domain/workgroup. Local master browsers in the same domain/workgroup on broadcast-isolated subnets
then ask for a complete copy of the browse list for the whole wide area network. Browser clients
will then contact their local master browser, and will receive the domain-wide browse list,
instead of just the list for their broadcast-isolated subnet.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
8460"></a>Domain Control - Example Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id286
9698"></a>Domain Control - Example Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The first step in creating a working Samba PDC is to understand the parameters necessary
in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. An example <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> for acting as a PDC can be found in the example
<a href="#pdc-example" title="Example 5.1. smb.conf for being a PDC">for being a PDC</a>.
</p><p>
The additional parameters shown in the longer listing above just makes for
more complete explanation.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
68947"></a>Samba ADS Domain Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
70186"></a>Samba ADS Domain Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 is not, and can not act as, an Active Directory Server. It can not truly function as
an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller. The protocols for some of the functionality
the Active Directory Domain Controllers has been partially implemented on an experimental
a number of features that Windows NT4 domain contollers do not have. In short, Samba-3 is not NT4 and it
is not Windows Server 200x and it is not an Active Directory server. We hope this is plain and simple
enough for all to understand.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
68985"></a>Domain and Network Logon Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
70238"></a>Domain and Network Logon Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The subject of Network or Domain Logons is discussed here because it forms
an integral part of the essential functionality that is provided by a Domain Controller.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
69000"></a>Domain Network Logon Service</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
70253"></a>Domain Network Logon Service</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
All Domain Controllers must run the netlogon service (<span class="emphasis"><em>domain logons</em></span>
-in Samba). One Domain Controller must be configured with <a class="indexterm" name="id2869017"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = Yes
-(the Primary Domain Controller); on ALL Backup Domain Controllers <a class="indexterm" name="id2869034"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = No
+in Samba). One Domain Controller must be configured with <a class="indexterm" name="id2870270"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = Yes
+(the Primary Domain Controller); on ALL Backup Domain Controllers <a class="indexterm" name="id2870287"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = No
must be set.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
69049"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="example"><a name="id2869056"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 5.2. smb.conf for being a PDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = (Yes on PDC, No on BDCs)</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[netlogon]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Network Logon Service</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = No</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2869140"></a>The Special Case of MS Windows XP Home Edition</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
70302"></a>Example Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="example"><a name="id2870309"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 5.2. smb.conf for being a PDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = (Yes on PDC, No on BDCs)</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[netlogon]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Network Logon Service</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = No</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2870393"></a>The Special Case of MS Windows XP Home Edition</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
MS Windows XP Home Edition does not have the ability to join any type of Domain
security facility. Unlike, MS Windows 9x / Me, MS Windows XP Home Edition also completely
lacks the ability to log onto a network.
Samba-Team members with your questions asking how to make this work. It can't be done.
If it can be done, then to do so would violate your software license agreement with
Microsoft, and we recommend that you do not do that.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
69178"></a>The Special Case of Windows 9x / Me</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
70431"></a>The Special Case of Windows 9x / Me</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same in terms of network
browsing. The difference is that a distributable authentication
database is associated with a domain, for secure login access to a
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Use of plain-text passwords is strongly discouraged. Where used they are easily detected
using a sniffer tool to examine network traffic.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3169"></a>Security Mode and Master Browsers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
0678"></a>Security Mode and Master Browsers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a few comments to make in order to tie up some
loose ends. There has been much debate over the issue of whether
or not it is ok to configure Samba as a Domain Controller in security
For this reason, it is very wise to configure the Samba DC as the DMB.
</p><p>
Now back to the issue of configuring a Samba DC to use a mode other
-than <a class="indexterm" name="id2873238"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user. If a Samba host is configured to use
+than <a class="indexterm" name="id2870747"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user. If a Samba host is configured to use
another SMB server or DC in order to validate user connection
requests, then it is a fact that some other machine on the network
-(the <a class="indexterm" name="id2873255"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i>) knows more about the user than the Samba host.
+(the <a class="indexterm" name="id2870765"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i>) knows more about the user than the Samba host.
99% of the time, this other host is a domain controller. Now
-in order to operate in domain mode security, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2873272"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> parameter
+in order to operate in domain mode security, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2870782"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> parameter
must be set to the name of the Windows NT domain (which already
has a domain controller). If the domain does NOT already have a Domain Controller
then you do not yet have a Domain!
</p><p>
Configuring a Samba box as a DC for a domain that already by definition has a
PDC is asking for trouble. Therefore, you should always configure the Samba DC
-to be the DMB for its domain and set <a class="indexterm" name="id2873297"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user.
+to be the DMB for its domain and set <a class="indexterm" name="id2870806"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user.
This is the only officially supported mode of operation.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
3315"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2873322"></a>'$' cannot be included in machine name</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
0825"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870831"></a>'$' cannot be included in machine name</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A 'machine account', (typically) stored in <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt>,
takes the form of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD
systems?) won't create a user with a '$' in their name.
the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if you like; make sure you use a unique User ID!
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
The UNIX tool <b class="command">vipw</b> is a common tool for directly editting the <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> file.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3381"></a>Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...."
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
0890"></a>Joining domain fails because of existing machine account</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...."
or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an
existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</span>”</p><p>
This happens if you try to create a machine trust account from the
is the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will
get this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it
does not matter what, reboot, and try again.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3436"></a>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
0945"></a>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading
to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, <span class="errorname">The system
can not log you on (C000019B), Please try again or consult your
system administrator</span> when attempting to logon.</span>”
then domain members (workstations) will not be able to log onto the domain. The original Domain SID
can be recovered from the secrets.tdb file. The alternative is to visit each workstation to re-join
it to the domain.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3520"></a>The machine trust account not accessible</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1029"></a>The machine trust account not accessible</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">When I try to join the domain I get the message <span class="errorname">The machine account
for this computer either does not exist or is not accessible</span>. What's
wrong?</span>”
</p><p>
This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine trust account.
-If you are using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2873546"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script</tt></i> method to create
+If you are using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2871056"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script</tt></i> method to create
accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain
admin user system is working.
</p><p>
that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT
client can cause this problem. Make sure that these are consistent
for both client and server.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3592"></a>Account disabled</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation,
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1102"></a>Account disabled</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation,
I get a message about my account being disabled.</span>”</p><p>
Enable the user accounts with <b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -e <i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i>
</tt></b>, this is normally done as an account is created.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3625"></a>Domain Controller Unavailable</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">Until a few minutes after Samba has started, clients get the error "Domain Controller Unavailable"</span>”</p><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1135"></a>Domain Controller Unavailable</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">Until a few minutes after Samba has started, clients get the error "Domain Controller Unavailable"</span>”</p><p>
A domain controller has to announce on the network who it is. This usually takes a while.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3647"></a>Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>After successfully joining the domain user logons fail with one of two messages:</p><p>One to the effect that the domain controller can not be found, the other claiming that the
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1156"></a>Can not log onto domain member workstation after joining domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>After successfully joining the domain user logons fail with one of two messages:</p><p>One to the effect that the domain controller can not be found, the other claiming that the
account does not exist in the domain or that the password is incorrect.</p><p>This may be due to incompatible settings between
the Windows client and the Samba-3 server for <span class="emphasis"><em>schannel</em></span> (secure channel) settings
or <span class="emphasis"><em>smb signing</em></span> settings. Check your samba settings for <span class="emphasis"><em>
<span class="emphasis"><em>Secure Channel: ..., and Digitally sign ...</em></span>.
</p><p>
It is important that these be set consistently with the Samba-3 server settings.
- </p></div></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id28
70424" href="#id2870424">1</a>] </sup>See also <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">the chapter on Account Information Databases</a>.</p></div><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id2868434" href="#id2868434">2</a>] </sup>See also <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">the chapter about network browsing</a></p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-bdc"></a>Chapter 6. Backup Domain Control</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Volker</span> <span class="surname">Lendecke</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2873807">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873997">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874026">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874268">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874289">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874316">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874329">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874464">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874620">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874633">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874664">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874691">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874735">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id28
69141" href="#id2869141">1</a>] </sup>See also <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">the chapter on Account Information Databases</a>.</p></div><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id2869672" href="#id2869672">2</a>] </sup>See also <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">the chapter about network browsing</a></p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-bdc"></a>Chapter 6. Backup Domain Control</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Volker</span> <span class="surname">Lendecke</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2871317">Features And Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871494">Essential Background Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871522">MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871772">Active Directory Domain Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871793">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871819">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871833">Backup Domain Controller Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871968">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872125">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872138">Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872169">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872196">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872240">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
Before you continue reading in this section, please make sure that you are comfortable
with configuring a Samba Domain Controller as described in <a href="#samba-pdc" title="Chapter 5. Domain Control">chapter on setting up Samba as a PDC</a>.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
3807"></a>Features And Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
1317"></a>Features And Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This is one of the most difficult chapters to summarise. It does not matter what we say here
for someone will still draw conclusions and / or approach the Samba-Team with expectations
that are either not yet capable of being delivered, or that can be achieved far more
Arguments Against: All machine trust accounts and user accounts will be locally
maintained. Domain users will NOT be able to roam from office to office. This is
a broken and flawed solution. Do NOT do this.
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
3997"></a>Essential Background Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
1494"></a>Essential Background Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A Domain Controller is a machine that is able to answer logon requests from network
workstations. Microsoft LanManager and IBM LanServer were two early products that
provided this capability. The technology has become known as the LanMan Netlogon service.
This service became known as the NT NetLogon Service. The nature of this service has
changed with the evolution of MS Windows NT and today provides a very complex array of
services that are implemented over a complex spectrum of technologies.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4026"></a>MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1522"></a>MS Windows NT4 Style Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Whenever a user logs into a Windows NT4 / 200x / XP Professional Workstation,
the workstation connects to a Domain Controller (authentication server) to validate
the username and password that the user entered are valid. If the information entered
line then it is automatically demoted to a BDC. This is an important aspect of Domain
Controller management. The tool that is used to affect a promotion or a demotion is the
Server Manager for Domains.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
4169"></a>Example PDC Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
1673"></a>Example PDC Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since version 2.2 Samba officially supports domain logons for all current Windows Clients,
including Windows NT4, 2003 and XP Professional. For samba to be enabled as a PDC some
parameters in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i>-section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> have to be set:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
4200"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 6.1. Minimal smb.conf for being a PDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
1704"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 6.1. Minimal smb.conf for being a PDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
Several other things like a <i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i> and a
<i class="parameter"><tt>[netlogon]</tt></i> share also need to be set along with
settings for the profile path, the users home drive, etc.. This will not be covered in this
chapter, for more information please refer to <a href="#samba-pdc" title="Chapter 5. Domain Control">the chapter about samba as a PDC</a>.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4268"></a>Active Directory Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1772"></a>Active Directory Domain Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As of the release of MS Windows 2000 and Active Directory, this information is now stored
in a directory that can be replicated and for which partial or full administrative control
can be delegated. Samba-3 is NOT able to be a Domain Controller within an Active Directory
tree, and it can not be an Active Directory server. This means that Samba-3 also can NOT
act as a Backup Domain Controller to an Active Directory Domain Controller.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4289"></a>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1793"></a>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Every machine that is a Domain Controller for the domain SAMBA has to register the NetBIOS
group name SAMBA<#1c> with the WINS server and/or by broadcast on the local network.
The PDC also registers the unique NetBIOS name SAMBA<#1b> with the WINS server.
The name type <#1b> name is normally reserved for the Domain Master Browser, a role
that has nothing to do with anything related to authentication, but the Microsoft Domain
implementation requires the domain master browser to be on the same machine as the PDC.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4316"></a>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1819"></a>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
An MS Windows NT4 / 200x / XP Professional workstation in the domain SAMBA that wants a
local user to be authenticated has to find the domain controller for SAMBA. It does this
by doing a NetBIOS name query for the group name SAMBA<#1c>. It assumes that each
requests. To not open security holes both the workstation and the selected domain controller
authenticate each other. After that the workstation sends the user's credentials (name and
password) to the local Domain Controller, for validation.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
4329"></a>Backup Domain Controller Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
1833"></a>Backup Domain Controller Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Several things have to be done:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
The domain SID has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC. This used to
BDC. This can be done manually whenever login scripts are changed,
or it can be done automatically together with the smbpasswd
synchronization.
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4464"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
1968"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Finally, the BDC has to be found by the workstations. This can be done by setting:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
4479"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 6.2. Minimal setup for being a BDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap backend = ldapsam://slave-ldap.quenya.org</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
1983"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 6.2. Minimal setup for being a BDC</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain logons = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap backend = ldapsam://slave-ldap.quenya.org</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
In the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i>-section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> of the BDC. This makes the BDC
only register the name SAMBA<#1c> with the WINS server. This is no
problem as the name SAMBA<#1c> is a NetBIOS group name that is meant to
be registered by more than one machine. The parameter
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2874547"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = no
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2872052"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = no
forces the BDC not to register SAMBA<#1b> which as a unique NetBIOS
name is reserved for the Primary Domain Controller.
</p><p>
will be consistent on the PDC, all BDCs and all Domain Member servers. The parameter that controls this
is called <i class="parameter"><tt>idmap backend</tt></i>. Please refer to the man page for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> for more information
regarding it's behaviour. Do NOT set this parameter except where an LDAP backend (ldapsam) is in use.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
4620"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
2125"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As this is a rather new area for Samba there are not many examples that we may refer to. Keep
watching for updates to this section.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4633"></a>Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
2138"></a>Machine Accounts keep expiring, what can I do?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This problem will occur when occur when the passdb (SAM) files are copied from a central
server but the local Backup Domain Controllers. Local machine trust account password updates
are not copied back to the central server. The newer machine account password is then over
</p><p>
The solution: use a more robust passdb backend, such as the ldapsam backend, setting up
an slave LDAP server for each BDC, and a master LDAP server for the PDC.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4664"></a>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
2169"></a>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT4 PDC?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
With version 2.2, no. The native NT4 SAM replication protocols have not yet been fully
implemented. The Samba Team is working on understanding and implementing the protocols,
but this work has not been finished for Samba-3.
Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes, but only to a Samba PDC. The main reason for implementing a
BDC is availability. If the PDC is a Samba machine, a second Samba machine can be set up to
service logon requests whenever the PDC is down.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4691"></a>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
2196"></a>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done whenever changes
to the SAM are made. Every user's password change is done in the smbpasswd file and
has to be replicated to the BDC. So replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary.
As said a few times before, use of this method is broken and flawed. Machine trust
accounts will go out of sync, resulting in a very broken domain. This method is
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> recommended. Try using LDAP instead.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4735"></a>Can I do this all with LDAP?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
2240"></a>Can I do this all with LDAP?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The simple answer is YES. Samba's pdb_ldap code supports binding to a replica
LDAP server, and will also follow referrals and rebind to the master if it ever
needs to make a modification to the database. (Normally BDCs are read only, so
this will not occur often).
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="domain-member"></a>Chapter 7. Domain Membership</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
4943">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875556">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875771">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875842">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876489">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876674">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876803">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877177">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877199">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877226">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877258">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="domain-member"></a>Chapter 7. Domain Membership</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
2448">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873061">Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873276">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873347">Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#domain-member-server">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873995">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874178">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874307">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874683">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874706">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874732">Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874764">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
Domain Membership is a subject of vital concern, Samba must be able to
participate as a member server in a Microsoft Domain security context, and
Samba must be capable of providing Domain machine member trust accounts,
UNIX/Linux networking and administration world, a considerable level of
mis-information, incorrect understanding, and a lack of knowledge. Hopefully
this chapter will fill the voids.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
4943"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
2448"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows workstations and servers that want to participate in domain security need to
be made Domain members. Participating in Domain security is often called
<span class="emphasis"><em>Single Sign On</em></span> or <span class="acronym">SSO</span> for short. This
client or server, other than the central Domain database
(either NT4/Samba SAM style Domain, NT4 Domain that is back ended with an
LDAP directory, or via an Active Directory infrastructure)
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="machine-trust-accounts"></a>MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
5074"></a><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="machine-trust-accounts"></a>MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
2579"></a><p>
A machine trust account is an account that is used to authenticate a client
machine
(rather than a user) to the Domain Controller server. In Windows terminology,
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
A Domain Security Account (stored in the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2875124"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> that has been configured in the
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2872629"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> that has been configured in the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file. The precise nature of the account information that is
stored depends on the type of backend database that has been chosen.
</p><p>
simplified mode of operation that does not require UNIX user accounts, but
this may not be a feature of the early releases of Samba-3.
</p></li></ul></div><p>
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
5206"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
2712"></a><p>
There are three ways to create machine trust accounts:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
Manual creation from the UNIX/Linux command line. Here, both the Samba and
corresponding UNIX account are created by hand.
</p></li><li><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2875239"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2872744"></a>
Using the MS Windows NT4 Server Manager (either from an NT4 Domain member
server, or using the Nexus toolkit available from the Microsoft web site.
This tool can be run from any MS Windows machine so long as the user is
created by Samba at the time the client is joined to the domain.
(For security, this is the recommended method.) The corresponding UNIX
account may be created automatically or manually.
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
5264"></a>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
2769"></a>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The first step in manually creating a machine trust account is to manually
create the corresponding UNIX account in <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt>.
This can be done using <b class="command">vipw</b> or another 'add user' command
that is normally used to create new UNIX accounts. The following is an example for a Linux based Samba server:
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2875294"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2875302"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2872799"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2872808"></a>
</p><p>
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>passwd -l <i class="replaceable"><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$</tt></b>
</pre><p>
</p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2875364"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2872869"></a>
On *BSD systems, this can be done using the <b class="command">chpass</b> utility:
</p><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Join the client to the domain immediately</h3><p>
Manually creating a machine trust account using this method is the
equivalent of creating a machine trust account on a Windows NT PDC using
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2875530"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2873036"></a>
the <span class="application">Server Manager</span>. From the time at which the
account is created to the time which the client joins the domain and
changes the password, your domain is vulnerable to an intruder joining
your domain using a machine with the same NetBIOS name. A PDC inherently
trusts members of the domain and will serve out a large degree of user
information to such clients. You have been warned!
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
5556"></a>Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3061"></a>Using NT4 Server Manager to Add Machine Accounts to the Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If the machine from which you are trying to manage the domain is an
<span class="application">MS Windows NT4 workstation or MS Windows 200x / XP Professional</span>
then the tool of choice is the package called <b class="command">SRVTOOLS.EXE</b>.
<span class="guilabel">Add NT Workstation of Server</span>, then
enter the machine name in the field provided, then click the
<span class="guibutton">Add</span> button.
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
5771"></a>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3276"></a>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The second (and recommended) way of creating machine trust accounts is
simply to allow the Samba server to create them as needed when the client
is joined to the domain.
accounts may also be created manually.
</p><p>
Below is an example for a RedHat Linux system.
-</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># <...remainder of parameters...></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u </tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
5842"></a>Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># <...remainder of parameters...></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u </tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3347"></a>Making an MS Windows Workstation or Server a Domain Member</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The procedure for making an MS Windows workstation of server a member of the domain varies
with the version of Windows:
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
5855"></a>Windows 200x XP Professional</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
3360"></a>Windows 200x XP Professional</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When the user elects to make the client a domain member, Windows 200x prompts for
an account and password that has privileges to create machine accounts in the domain.
A Samba administrative account (i.e., a Samba account that has root privileges on the
The name of the account that is used to create domain member machine accounts can be
anything the network administrator may choose. If it is other than <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span>
then this is easily mapped to root using the file pointed to be the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2875906"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username map</tt></i> = /etc/samba/smbusers.
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2873412"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username map</tt></i> = /etc/samba/smbusers.
</p><p>
The session key of the Samba administrative account acts as an
encryption key for setting the password of the machine trust
account. The machine trust account will be created on-the-fly, or
updated if it already exists.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
5931"></a>Windows NT4</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
3436"></a>Windows NT4</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If the machine trust account was created manually, on the
Identification Changes menu enter the domain name, but do not
check the box <span class="guilabel">Create a Computer Account in the Domain</span>.
Domain</span>. In this case, joining the domain proceeds as above
for Windows 2000 (i.e., you must supply a Samba administrative account when
prompted).
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
5971"></a>Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>Joining a Samba client to a domain is documented in
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
3477"></a>Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>Joining a Samba client to a domain is documented in
<a href="#domain-member-server" title="Domain Member Server">the domain member chapter</a>.
</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="domain-member-server"></a>Domain Member Server</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This mode of server operation involves the Samba machine being made a member
machine account for a domain member server as well as for information
regarding how to enable the Samba domain member machine to join the domain and
to be fully trusted by it.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6053"></a>Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id287
6064"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 7.1. Assumptions</b></p><table summary="Assumptions" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">NetBIOS name:</td><td align="left">SERV1</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Win2K/NT domain name:</td><td align="left">MIDEARTH</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Domain's PDC NetBIOS name:</td><td align="left">DOMPDC</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Domain's BDC NetBIOS names:</td><td align="left">DOMBDC1 and DOMBDC2</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3558"></a>Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id287
3569"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 7.1. Assumptions</b></p><table summary="Assumptions" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">NetBIOS name:</td><td align="left">SERV1</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Win2K/NT domain name:</td><td align="left">MIDEARTH</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Domain's PDC NetBIOS name:</td><td align="left">DOMPDC</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Domain's BDC NetBIOS names:</td><td align="left">DOMBDC1 and DOMBDC2</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
First, you must edit your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file to tell Samba it should
now use domain security.
</p><p>
Change (or add) your
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2876137"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> line in the [global] section
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2873642"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> line in the [global] section
of your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to read:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = domain</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
</p><p>
-Next change the <a class="indexterm" name="id2876180"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> line in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i>
+Next change the <a class="indexterm" name="id2873686"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> line in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i>
section to read:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
as this is the name of the domain we are joining.
</p><p>
You must also have the parameter
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2876230"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> set to <tt class="constant">yes
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2873735"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> set to <tt class="constant">yes
</tt> in order for your users to authenticate to the NT PDC.
</p><p>
-Finally, add (or modify) a <a class="indexterm" name="id2876255"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> line in the [global]
+Finally, add (or modify) a <a class="indexterm" name="id2873760"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> line in the [global]
section to read:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>password server = DOMPDC DOMBDC1 DOMBDC2</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt>/etc/init.d/samba restart
</pre><p>
does the job.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6489"></a>Why is this better than security = server?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
3995"></a>Why is this better than security = server?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Currently, domain security in Samba doesn't free you from
having to create local UNIX users to represent the users attaching
to your server. This means that if domain user <tt class="constant">DOM\fred
a resource domain and have the authentication passed on from a resource
domain PDC to an account domain PDC).
</p><p>
-In addition, with <a class="indexterm" name="id2876545"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server every Samba
+In addition, with <a class="indexterm" name="id2874050"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server every Samba
daemon on a server has to keep a connection open to the
authenticating server for as long as that daemon lasts. This can drain
the connection resources on a Microsoft NT server and cause it to run
-out of available connections. With <a class="indexterm" name="id2876564"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain,
+out of available connections. With <a class="indexterm" name="id2874069"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain,
however, the Samba daemons connect to the PDC/BDC only for as long
as is necessary to authenticate the user, and then drop the connection,
thus conserving PDC connection resources.
was first published in the Web magazine
<a href="http://www.linuxworld.com" target="_top">LinuxWorld</a> as the article <a href="http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1998-10/lw-10-samba.html" target="_top">Doing
the NIS/NT Samba</a>.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ads-member"></a>Samba ADS Domain Membership</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
6631"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2876640"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2876651"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2876659"></a><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ads-member"></a>Samba ADS Domain Membership</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
4135"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2874144"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2874155"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2874163"></a><p>
This is a rough guide to setting up Samba 3.0 with Kerberos authentication against a
Windows2000 KDC. A familiarity with Kerberos is assumed.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6674"></a>Setup your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4178"></a>Setup your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You must use at least the following 3 options in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>realm = your.kerberos.REALM</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = ADS</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
In case samba can't figure out your ads server using your realm name, use the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2876735"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ads server</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2874239"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ads server</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ads server = your.kerberos.server</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
You do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> need a smbpasswd file, and older clients will be authenticated as
-if <a class="indexterm" name="id2876782"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain, although it won't do any harm and
+if <a class="indexterm" name="id2874286"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = domain, although it won't do any harm and
allows you to have local users not in the domain. It is expected that the above
required options will change soon when active directory integration will get
better.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6803"></a>Setup your <tt class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4307"></a>Setup your <tt class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The minimal configuration for <tt class="filename">krb5.conf</tt> is:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
[libdefaults]
YOUR.KERBEROS.REALM = {
kdc = your.kerberos.server
}
-</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id287
6839"></a><p>
+</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id287
4343"></a><p>
Test your config by doing a <b class="userinput"><tt>kinit
<i class="replaceable"><tt>USERNAME</tt></i>@<i class="replaceable"><tt>REALM</tt></i></tt></b> and
making sure that your password is accepted by the Win2000 KDC.
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>net ads join -U Administrator%password</tt></b>
</pre><p>
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
7020"></a>Possible errors</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id287
4526"></a>Possible errors</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorname">ADS support not compiled in</span></span></dt><dd><p>Samba must be reconfigured (remove config.cache) and recompiled
(make clean all install) after the Kerberos libs and headers are installed.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorname">net ads join prompts for user name</span></span></dt><dd><p>You need to login to the domain using <b class="userinput"><tt>kinit
be logged in with Kerberos without needing to know a password. If
this fails then run <b class="userinput"><tt>klist tickets</tt></b>. Did you get a ticket for the
server? Does it have an encoding type of DES-CBC-MD5 ?
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="ads-test-smbclient"></a>Testing with <span class="application">smbclient</span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
7145"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="ads-test-smbclient"></a>Testing with <span class="application">smbclient</span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
4651"></a><p>
On your Samba server try to login to a Win2000 server or your Samba
server using <span class="application">smbclient</span> and Kerberos. Use <span class="application">smbclient</span> as usual, but
specify the <tt class="option">-k</tt> option to choose Kerberos authentication.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
7177"></a>Notes</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4683"></a>Notes</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You must change administrator password at least once after DC
install, to create the right encoding types
</p><p>
W2k doesn't seem to create the _kerberos._udp and _ldap._tcp in
their defaults DNS setup. Maybe this will be fixed later in service packs.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
7199"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
4706"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In the process of adding / deleting / re-adding domain member machine accounts there are
many traps for the unwary player and there are many “<span class="quote">little</span>” things that can go wrong.
It is particularly interesting how often subscribers on the samba mailing list have concluded
MS Windows on t he machine. In truth, it is seldom necessary to reinstall because of this type
of problem. The real solution is often very simple, and with understanding of how MS Windows
networking functions easy to overcome.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
7226"></a>Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4732"></a>Can Not Add Machine Back to Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote"> A Windows workstation was reinstalled. The original domain machine
account was deleted and added immediately. The workstation will not join the domain if I use
the same machine name. Attempts to add the machine fail with a message that the machine already
The original name is still in the NetBIOS name cache and must expire after machine account
deletion BEFORE adding that same name as a domain member again. The best advice is to delete
the old account and then to add the machine with a new name.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
7258"></a>Adding Machine to Domain Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
4764"></a>Adding Machine to Domain Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">Adding a Windows 200x or XP Professional machine to the Samba PDC Domain fails with a
message that, <span class="errorname">The machine could not be added at this time, there is a network problem.
Please try again later.</span> Why?</span>”
</p><p>
-You should check that there is an <a class="indexterm" name="id2877285"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script</tt></i> in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+You should check that there is an <a class="indexterm" name="id2874791"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add machine script</tt></i> in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
file. If there is not, please add one that is appropriate for your OS platform. If a script
-has been defined you will need to debug it's operation. Increase the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877310"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i>
+has been defined you will need to debug it's operation. Increase the <a class="indexterm" name="id2874816"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i>
in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file to level 10, then try to rejoin the domain. Check the logs to see which
operation is failing.
</p><p>
then make sure that the machine name you are trying to add can be added using this
tool. <b class="command">Useradd</b> on some systems will not allow any upper case characters
nor will it allow spaces in the name.
- </p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="StandAloneServer"></a>Chapter 8. Stand-Alone Servers</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
7459">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877498">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877581">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878101">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="StandAloneServer"></a>Chapter 8. Stand-Alone Servers</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
4966">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875004">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875078">Example Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#RefDocServer">Reference Documentation Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#SimplePrintServer">Central Print Serving</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875598">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><p>
Stand-Alone servers are independent of Domain Controllers on the network.
They are NOT domain members and function more like workgroup servers. In many
cases a stand-alone server is configured with a minimum of security control
with the intent that all data served will be readily accessible to all users.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
7459"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
4966"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Stand-Alone servers can be as secure or as insecure as needs dictate. They can
have simple or complex configurations. Above all, despite the hoopla about
Domain security they remain a very common installation.
to the printers, there is no need to affect any access controls and no files will
be served from the print server. Again a share mode stand-alone server makes
a great solution.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
7498"></a>Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
5004"></a>Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The term <span class="emphasis"><em>stand-alone server</em></span> means that the server
will provide local authentication and access control for all resources
that are available from it. In general this means that there will be a
local smbpasswd file, or may use
an LDAP back end, or even via PAM and Winbind another CIFS/SMB server
for authentication.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
7581"></a>Example Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
5078"></a>Example Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following examples are designed to inspire simplicity. It is too easy to
attempt a high level of creativity and to introduce too much complexity in
server and network design.
are stored in the directory /export, that the documents are owned by a user other than
nobody. No home directories are shared, that are no users in the <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt>
UNIX system database. This is a very simple system to administer.
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7627"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 8.1. smb.conf for Reference Documentation Server</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td># Global parameters</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = SHARE</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = guest</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server = 192.168.1.1</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[data]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest only = Yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
5123"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 8.1. smb.conf for Reference Documentation Server</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td># Global parameters</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = SHARE</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = guest</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server = 192.168.1.1</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[data]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest only = Yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
In the above example the machine name is set to REFDOCS, the workgroup is set to the name
of the local workgroup so that the machine will appear in with systems users are familiar
with. The only password backend required is the "guest" backend so as to allow default
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>chmod a+rwt /var/spool/samba</tt></b>
</pre><p>
</p></li></ul></div><p>
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7945"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 8.2. smb.conf for anonymous printing</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td># Global parameters</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = SHARE</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = guest</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server = noldor</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = No</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
8101"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
5442"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 8.2. smb.conf for anonymous printing</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td># Global parameters</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = SHARE</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = guest</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server = noldor</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = No</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
5598"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The greatest mistake so often made is to make a network configuration too complex.
It pays to use the simplest solution that will meet the needs of the moment.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ClientConfig"></a>Chapter 9. MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
8165">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878165"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ClientConfig"></a>Chapter 9. MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id287
5663">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875663"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter did not make it into this release.
It is planned for the published release of this document.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="optional"></a>Advanced Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id287
8194"></a>Valuable Nuts and Bolts Information</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="optional"></a>Advanced Configuration</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id287
5691"></a>Valuable Nuts and Bolts Information</h1></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba has several features that you might want or might not want to use. The chapters in this part each cover specific Samba features.
-</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>10. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878319">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878720">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879137">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879284">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879819">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880395">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880412">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880448">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880607">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880684">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880872">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881128">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881154">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881238">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881252">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881317">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881481">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881541">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881662">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881749">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882439">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882454">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882497">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882539">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882820">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882834">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882936">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883109">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883235">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883502">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883688">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883959">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884197">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884238">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884279">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884392">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884420">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886247">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2887095">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887102">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887147">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887258">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887948">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888015">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888029">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888108">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888184">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888199">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888268">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888294">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>13. <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888551">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888688">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889023">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889117">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889345">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890553">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890626">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890925">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890933">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890978">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891057">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891188">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891423">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891979">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892060">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892074">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892503">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892555">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892803">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892860">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893002">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893677">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893787">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894184">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894410">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894437">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894516">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894546">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894619">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894658">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894680">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894712">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894878">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894910">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894983">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895003">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895102">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895162">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895230">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895287">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895375">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895433">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895457">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895476">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895500">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895790">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895819">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895908">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895935">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896007">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896054">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896233">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896417">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896555">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896661">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2896731">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897006">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#printing">Classical Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2897126">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897192">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2897230">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897302">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2897853">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898017">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898105">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898438">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898769">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900032">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900758">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901088">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901237">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901389">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901502">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901973">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902140">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902234">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902432">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
-rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904055">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904073">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904269">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904576">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904670">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904838">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904870">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905319">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905915">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
-different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906013">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906300">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906377">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906398">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2906443">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906484">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906504">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906528">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906681">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907000">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907046">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907213">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907227">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907234">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907268">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907403">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907410">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907453">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907507">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907841">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908362">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2908382">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908431">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908485">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908552">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908865">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
-with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909441">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909567">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909654">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909760">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2909959">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910315">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910493">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910595">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910704">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910875">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910938">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911090">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911562">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911576">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911630">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911697">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911929">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912410">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912731">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912872">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2912949">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2912965">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913020">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913201">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
-Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913432">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913594">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913643">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913717">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913734">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
-Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913768">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913789">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913833">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
-Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913895">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913913">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914014">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914516">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914656">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914689">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
-WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915714">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915798">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915877">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916097">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
-Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916423">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916536">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916644">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918418">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918497">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918559">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918617">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918890">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919583">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920055">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920098">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920162">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920202">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920282">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920392">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920463">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920510">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920525">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920734">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920792">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921030">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921088">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921154">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
-Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921434">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921535">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921542">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921558">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
- neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921604">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
- message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921660">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
- from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921914">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
- "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921967">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
- NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921981">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
- a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922010">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922027">Win2K/XP "Local Security
- Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922043">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
- printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922065">"Print Change Notify" functions on
- NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922084">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922126">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922400">Most common blunders in driver
- settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922445">cupsaddsmb does not work
- with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922506">Permissions on
+</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>10. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875816">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876217">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876635">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2876781">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877309">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877893">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877911">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877946">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878104">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878182">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878371">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878627">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878652">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878737">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878750">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878822">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878986">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879046">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879168">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879254">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879936">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879950">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879979">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880021">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880302">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880315">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880417">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880590">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880717">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880966">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881151">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881423">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881676">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881717">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881758">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881871">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881898">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883727">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884575">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884582">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884627">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884738">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885422">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885489">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885503">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885582">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885658">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885674">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885742">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885768">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>13. <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886154">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886489">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886582">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2886810">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888020">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888092">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888391">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888399">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888444">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888523">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888655">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888889">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889446">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889526">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889540">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889969">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890022">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890270">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890336">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890479">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891158">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891268">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891665">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891896">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891924">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892003">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892032">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892106">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892144">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892198">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892365">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892398">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892471">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892490">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892590">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892650">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892774">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892867">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892926">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892950">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892968">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892992">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893283">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893311">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893400">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893428">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893500">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893547">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893725">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893918">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894055">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894162">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894231">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894506">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#printing">Classical Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894626">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894693">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894730">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894801">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895354">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895518">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895606">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895939">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896270">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897534">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898261">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898591">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898740">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898892">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899004">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899475">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2899643">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2899736">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899935">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
+rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901625">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901643">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901839">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902136">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902231">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902399">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902431">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902874">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903470">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
+different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903569">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903854">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903932">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2903954">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2903998">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904040">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904059">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904083">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904236">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904556">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904602">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904779">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904793">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904800">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904834">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904970">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904977">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905020">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905074">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905408">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905929">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905949">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905999">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906051">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906119">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906432">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
+with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907029">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907154">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907241">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907348">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907545">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907903">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908080">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908183">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908292">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908476">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908539">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908691">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909176">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909191">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909245">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909312">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909544">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910018">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910331">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910470">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910560">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910577">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910632">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910813">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
+Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911043">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911206">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911255">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911328">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911345">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
+Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911379">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911400">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911445">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
+Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911506">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911524">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911625">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912128">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912268">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912301">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
+WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913264">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913349">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913427">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913646">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
+Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913973">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914086">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914186">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2915962">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916041">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916103">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916162">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916436">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917129">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2917602">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2917645">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917708">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917748">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917829">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917938">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918010">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918058">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918072">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918267">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918326">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918564">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918622">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918682">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
+Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918955">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2796634">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2796642">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919061">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
+ neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919107">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
+ message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919163">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919497">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
+ from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919582">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
+ "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919635">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
+ NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919649">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
+ a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919678">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919695">Win2K/XP "Local Security
+ Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919711">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
+ printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919733">"Print Change Notify" functions on
+ NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919752">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919794">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920067">Most common blunders in driver
+ settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920114">cupsaddsmb does not work
+ with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920175">Permissions on
/var/spool/samba/ get reset after each
-reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922615">Printer named "lp"
+reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920284">Printer named "lp"
intermittently swallows jobs and spits out completely different
-ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id292
2646">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922701">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2922871">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922889">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923117">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923124">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923166">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923296">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923316">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923485">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923530">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923552">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923606">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#winbind">Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923836">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923931">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924016">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924136">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924169">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924320">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924402">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924435">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924463">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924471">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924538">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924632">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926199">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926218">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926270">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926379">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926410">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926508">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926526">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926738">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927010">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927044">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927123">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927177">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927288">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927384">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927516">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927780">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927886">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927925">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927945">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927990">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928140">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928154">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928255">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928289">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928330">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928820">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930060">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930144">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2930397">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930455">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930500">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930520">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930668">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931222">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931730">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931743">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931812">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932026">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#pam">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932306">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932554">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932572">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933235">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933539">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933617">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933706">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934094">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934108">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934194">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934432">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934457">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934521">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934577">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934718">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934762">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934813">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934918">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935185">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935248">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935496">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935528">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935560">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935678">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935694">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935729">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935780">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>27. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935983">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936027">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936224">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936392">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936398">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#Backup">Samba Backup Techniques</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936512">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936526">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#SambaHA">High Availability Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936596">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NetworkBrowsing"></a>Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">July 5, 1998</p></div><div><p class="pubdate">Updated: April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2878319">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878720">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879137">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879284">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879819">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880395">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880412">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880448">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880607">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880684">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880872">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881128">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881154">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881238">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881252">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881317">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881481">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881541">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881662">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881749">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882439">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882454">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882497">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882539">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id292
0314">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920369">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920538">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920556">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920786">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920793">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920835">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920965">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920984">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921153">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921198">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921220">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921286">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#winbind">Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921516">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921611">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921756">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921786">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921815">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921849">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921872">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922009">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922081">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922128">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922156">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2922164">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922231">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922333">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923890">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923909">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923962">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924071">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924101">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924200">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924218">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924438">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924711">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924744">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924822">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924888">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924999">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925094">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925227">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925491">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925596">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925636">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925655">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925700">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925851">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925865">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925964">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925999">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926040">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926530">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927776">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927861">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2928114">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928172">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928216">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928237">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928385">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928939">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2929447">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2929460">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929529">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929742">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#pam">PAM based Distributed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930271">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930288">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930969">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931283">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931361">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931445">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931826">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931839">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931926">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932164">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932188">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932259">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932315">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932456">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932499">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932551">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2932655">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932922">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932985">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933234">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933266">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933298">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2933416">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2933432">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933465">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933517">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>27. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2933721">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933765">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933962">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934130">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934137">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#Backup">Samba Backup Techniques</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934250">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934264">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#SambaHA">High Availability Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934334">Note</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NetworkBrowsing"></a>Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">July 5, 1998</p></div><div><p class="pubdate">Updated: April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2875816">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876217">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2876635">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2876781">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877309">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877893">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877911">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877946">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878104">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878182">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878371">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878627">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878652">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878737">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878750">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878822">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878986">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879046">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879168">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879254">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879936">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2879950">How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879979">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880021">I get an Unable to browse the network error</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This document contains detailed information as well as a fast track guide to
implementing browsing across subnets and / or across workgroups (or domains).
WINS is the best tool for resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addresses. WINS is
When the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP has been disabled then the primary
means for resolution of MS Windows machine names is via DNS and Active Directory.
The following information assumes that your site is running NetBIOS over TCP/IP.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
8319"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
5816"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Someone once referred to the past in terms of: <span class="emphasis"><em>They were the worst of times,
they were the best of times. The more we look back, them more we long for what was and
hope it never returns!</em></span>.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
8340"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
5837"></a><p>
For many MS Windows network administrators, that statement sums up their feelings about
NetBIOS networking precisely. For those who mastered NetBIOS networking, its fickle
nature was just par for the course. For those who never quite managed to tame its
</p><p>
For those networks on which NetBIOS has been disabled (ie: WINS is NOT required)
the use of DNS is necessary for host name resolution.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
8408"></a>What is Browsing?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
5904"></a>What is Browsing?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To most people browsing means that they can see the MS Windows and Samba servers
in the Network Neighborhood, and when the computer icon for a particular server is
clicked, it opens up and shows the shares and printers available on the target server.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>MS Windows machines register their presence to the network</p></li><li><p>Machines announce themselves to other machines on the network</p></li><li><p>One or more machine on the network collates the local announcements</p></li><li><p>The client machine finds the machine that has the collated list of machines</p></li><li><p>The client machine is able to resolve the machine names to IP addresses</p></li><li><p>The client machine is able to connect to a target machine</p></li></ul></div><p>
The Samba application that controls browse list management and name resolution is
called <tt class="filename">nmbd</tt>. The configuration parameters involved in nmbd's operation are:
-</p><p>Browsing options: <a class="indexterm" name="id2878491"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878505"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lm announce</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878519"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lm interval</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878532"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878547"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>local master</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878561"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878575"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browse list</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878588"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enhanced browsing</tt></i>.
+</p><p>Browsing options: <a class="indexterm" name="id2875988"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876002"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lm announce</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876016"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lm interval</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876030"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876044"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>local master</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876058"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876072"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browse list</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876085"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enhanced browsing</tt></i>.
</p><p>Name Resolution Method:
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878607"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>name resolve order</tt></i>(*).
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876103"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>name resolve order</tt></i>(*).
</p><p>WINS options:
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878625"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dns proxy</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878639"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins proxy</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878652"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878666"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i>(*),
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2878680"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins hook</tt></i>.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
8696"></a><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876122"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dns proxy</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876136"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins proxy</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876150"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876163"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i>(*),
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876178"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins hook</tt></i>.
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
6193"></a><p>
For Samba, the WINS Server and WINS Support are mutually exclusive options. Those marked with
an '*' are the only options that commonly MAY need to be modified. Even if not one of these
parameters is set <tt class="filename">nmbd</tt> will still do it's job.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
8720"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
6217"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Firstly, all MS Windows networking uses SMB (Server Message Block) based messaging.
SMB messaging may be implemented with or without NetBIOS. MS Windows 200x supports
NetBIOS over TCP/IP for backwards compatibility. Microsoft is intent on phasing out NetBIOS
support.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
8736"></a>NetBIOS over TCP/IP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6233"></a>NetBIOS over TCP/IP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba implements NetBIOS, as does MS Windows NT / 200x / XP, by encapsulating it over TCP/IP.
MS Windows products can do likewise. NetBIOS based networking uses broadcast messaging to
affect browse list management. When running NetBIOS over TCP/IP, this uses UDP based messaging.
UDP messages can be broadcast or unicast.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
8754"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id287
6251"></a><p>
Normally, only unicast UDP messaging can be forwarded by routers. The
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878766"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876262"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements
to remote network segments via unicast UDP. Similarly, the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878783"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876280"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
implements browse list collation using unicast UDP.
</p><p>
Secondly, in those networks where Samba is the only SMB server technology,
server. This makes it easy to manage the browsing environment. If each network
segment is configured with it's own Samba WINS server, then the only way to
get cross segment browsing to work is by using the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878822"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> and the <a class="indexterm" name="id2878836"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876319"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> and the <a class="indexterm" name="id2876333"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i>
parameters to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
</p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878861"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876359"></a>
If only one WINS server is used for an entire multi-segment network then
-the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2878871"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> and the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878885"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameters should NOT be necessary.
+the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2876368"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> and the
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876382"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameters should NOT be necessary.
</p><p>
As of Samba 3 WINS replication is being worked on. The bulk of the code has
been committed, but it still needs maturation. This is NOT a supported feature
when setting up Samba as a WINS server there must only be one <tt class="filename">nmbd</tt>
configured as a WINS server on the network. Some sites have used multiple Samba WINS
servers for redundancy (one server per subnet) and then used
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878925"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2878939"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876422"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2876436"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i>
to affect browse list collation across all segments. Note that this means clients
will only resolve local names, and must be configured to use DNS to resolve names
on other subnets in order to resolve the IP addresses of the servers they can see
messages that are repeated at intervals of not more than 15 minutes. This means
that it will take time to establish a browse list and it can take up to 45
minutes to stabilise, particularly across network segments.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
8972"></a>TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878983"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2878991"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2879000"></a>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6469"></a>TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876480"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876488"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876497"></a>
All TCP/IP using systems use various forms of host name resolution. The primary
methods for TCP/IP hostname resolutions involves either a static file (<tt class="filename">/etc/hosts
</tt>) or DNS (the Domain Name System). DNS is the technology that makes
</p></li><li><p>
Looks up entries in LMHOSTS. It is located in
<tt class="filename">C:\WinNT\System32\Drivers\etc</tt>.
- </p></li></ol></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
9097"></a><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div><a class="indexterm" name="id287
6594"></a><p>
Windows 200x / XP can register it's host name with a Dynamic DNS server. You can
force register with a Dynamic DNS server in Windows 200x / XP using:
<b class="command">ipconfig /registerdns</b>
The use of Dynamic DNS is highly recommended with Active Directory, in which case
the use of BIND9 is preferred for it's ability to adequately support the SRV (service)
records that are needed for Active Directory.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
9137"></a>DNS and Active Directory</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2879145"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
6635"></a>DNS and Active Directory</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2876642"></a><p>
Occasionally we hear from UNIX network administrators who want to use a UNIX based Dynamic
DNS server in place of the Microsoft DNS server. While this might be desirable to some, the
MS Windows 200x DNS server is auto-configured to work with Active Directory. It is possible
</p></li><li><p>_ldap._tcp.<span class="emphasis"><em>Site</em></span>.gc.ms-dcs.<span class="emphasis"><em>DomainTree</em></span></p><p>
Used by MS Windows clients to locate site configuration dependent
Global Catalog server.
- </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
9284"></a>How Browsing Functions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id287
6781"></a>How Browsing Functions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows machines register their NetBIOS names
(ie: the machine name for each service type in operation) on start
up. The exact method by which this name registration
names and IP addresses. In such situations Samba provides a means by
which the Samba server name may be forcibly injected into the browse
list of a remote MS Windows network (using the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2879321"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter).
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2876810"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter).
</p><p>
Where a WINS server is used, the MS Windows client will use UDP
unicast to register with the WINS server. Such packets can be routed
inability to use the network services.
</p><p>
Samba supports a feature that allows forced synchronisation
-of browse lists across routed networks using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2879384"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
+of browse lists across routed networks using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2876873"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
This causes Samba to contact the local master browser on a remote network and
to request browse list synchronisation. This effectively bridges
two networks that are separated by routers. The two remote
networks may use either broadcast based name resolution or WINS
-based name resolution, but it should be noted that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2879412"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter provides browse list synchronisation - and
+based name resolution, but it should be noted that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2876902"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter provides browse list synchronisation - and
that is distinct from name to address resolution, in other
words, for cross subnet browsing to function correctly it is
essential that a name to address resolution mechanism be provided.
browser for its own subnet. In order to achieve this set the following
options in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file :
</p><p>
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
9534"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.1. Domain master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7023"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.1. Domain master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
The domain master browser may be the same machine as the WINS
server, if you require.
set the following options in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section of the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file :
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
9624"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.2. Local master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7114"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.2. Local master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
Do not do this for more than one Samba server on each subnet,
or they will war with each other over which is to be the local
master browser.
</p><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2879690"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>local master</tt></i> parameter allows Samba to act as a
-local master browser. The <a class="indexterm" name="id2879707"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> causes nmbd
-to force a browser election on startup and the <a class="indexterm" name="id2879722"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i>
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2877180"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>local master</tt></i> parameter allows Samba to act as a
+local master browser. The <a class="indexterm" name="id2877196"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> causes nmbd
+to force a browser election on startup and the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877212"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i>
parameter sets Samba high enough so that it should win any browser elections.
</p><p>
If you have an NT machine on the subnet that you wish to
options in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section of the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file :
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
9762"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.3. smb.conf for not being a master browser</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
9819"></a>Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7252"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.3. smb.conf for not being a master browser</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id287
7309"></a>Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you are adding Samba servers to a Windows NT Domain then
you must not set up a Samba server as a domain master browser.
By default, a Windows NT Primary Domain Controller for a domain
the following options in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section
of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file :
</p><p>
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
9868"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.4. Local master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7358"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.4. Local master browser smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 65</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
If you wish to have a Samba server fight the election with machines
-on the same subnet you may set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2879929"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> parameter
+on the same subnet you may set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877419"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> parameter
to lower levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that
will become local master browsers if they are running. For
more details on this see the section <a href="#browse-force-master" title="Forcing Samba to be the master">
in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
file :
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
9985"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.5. smb.conf for not being a master browser</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id287
7475"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 10.5. smb.conf for not being a master browser</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>local master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>os level = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="browse-force-master"></a>Forcing Samba to be the master</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Who becomes the master browser is determined by an election
process using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters
election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses
elections to just about anyone else.
</p><p>
-If you want Samba to win elections then just set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880069"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> global
+If you want Samba to win elections then just set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877559"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> global
option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34
would make it win all elections over every other system (except other
samba systems!)
</p><p>
-A <a class="indexterm" name="id2880096"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not MS Windows
+A <a class="indexterm" name="id2877585"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not MS Windows
NT/2K Server. A MS Windows NT/2K Server domain controller uses level 32.
</p><p>The maximum os level is 255</p><p>
If you want Samba to force an election on startup, then set the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880121"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> global option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>. Samba will
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2877610"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> global option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>. Samba will
then have a slight advantage over other potential master browsers
that are not preferred master browsers. Use this parameter with
care, as if you have two hosts (whether they are Windows 95 or NT or
-Samba) on the same local subnet both set with <a class="indexterm" name="id2880151"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to
+Samba) on the same local subnet both set with <a class="indexterm" name="id2877641"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to
<tt class="constant">yes</tt>, then periodically and continually they will force an election
in order to become the local master browser.
</p><p>
If you want Samba to be a <span class="emphasis"><em>domain master browser</em></span>, then it is
-recommended that you also set <a class="indexterm" name="id2880180"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, because
+recommended that you also set <a class="indexterm" name="id2877670"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, because
Samba will not become a domain master browser for the whole of your
LAN or WAN if it is not also a local master browser on its own
broadcast isolated subnet.
will find that another Samba server is already the domain master
browser and will fail. This provides automatic redundancy, should
the current domain master browser fail.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80217"></a>Making Samba the domain master</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
77716"></a>Making Samba the domain master</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of
multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can
-make Samba act as the domain master by setting <a class="indexterm" name="id2880231"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = yes
+make Samba act as the domain master by setting <a class="indexterm" name="id2877730"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>domain master</tt></i> = yes
in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. By default it will not be a domain master.
</p><p>
Note that you should <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> set Samba to be the domain master for a
browse lists.
</p><p>
If you want Samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set
-the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880277"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880292"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, to get Samba to force an election on
+the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877774"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os level</tt></i> high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2877790"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, to get Samba to force an election on
startup.
</p><p>
Note that all your servers (including Samba) and clients should be
resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. as long as that host has
registered its NetBIOS name with the same WINS server, the user will
be able to see that host.
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80395"></a>Note about broadcast addresses</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
77893"></a>Note about broadcast addresses</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it
ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups
does not seem to support a 0's broadcast and you will probably find
that browsing and name lookups won't work.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80412"></a>Multiple interfaces</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
77911"></a>Multiple interfaces</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you
-have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880425"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i>
+have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877922"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i>
option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to configure them.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80448"></a>Use of the Remote Announce parameter</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2880458"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter of
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
77946"></a>Use of the Remote Announce parameter</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2877956"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter of
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> can be used to forcibly ensure
that all the NetBIOS names on a network get announced to a remote network.
-The syntax of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880482"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter is:
+The syntax of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2877981"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> parameter is:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce = a.b.c.d [e.f.g.h] ...</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>or</em></span>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce = a.b.c.d/WORKGROUP [e.f.g.h/WORKGROUP] ...</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
where:
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><i class="replaceable"><tt>a.b.c.d</tt></i> and
<i class="replaceable"><tt>e.f.g.h</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2880552"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880563"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2878051"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878062"></a>
is either the LMB (Local Master Browser) IP address
or the broadcast address of the remote network.
they belong to that workgroup, this may cause
name resolution problems and should be avoided.
</p></dd></dl></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80607"></a>Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2880617"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter of
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78104"></a>Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2878115"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter of
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is used to announce to
another LMB that it must synchronise its NetBIOS name list with our
Samba LMB. It works ONLY if the Samba server that has this option is
simultaneously the LMB on its network segment.
</p><p>
-The syntax of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880646"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter is:
+The syntax of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2878144"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i> parameter is:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>remote browse sync = a.b.c.d</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
where <i class="replaceable"><tt>a.b.c.d</tt></i> is either the IP address of the
remote LMB or else is the network broadcast address of the remote segment.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
80684"></a>WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
78182"></a>WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Use of WINS (either Samba WINS <span class="emphasis"><em>or</em></span> MS Windows NT Server WINS) is highly
recommended. Every NetBIOS machine registers its name together with a
name_type value for each of several types of service it has available.
errors.
</p><p>
To configure Samba as a WINS server just add
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880774"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878272"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
file [global] section.
</p><p>
To configure Samba to register with a WINS server just add
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880801"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = a.b.c.d to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878300"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = a.b.c.d to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section.
</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Important</h3><p>
-Never use both <a class="indexterm" name="id2880833"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes together
-with <a class="indexterm" name="id2880849"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = a.b.c.d
+Never use both <a class="indexterm" name="id2878332"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes together
+with <a class="indexterm" name="id2878348"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = a.b.c.d
particularly not using it's own IP address.
Specifying both will cause <span class="application">nmbd</span> to refuse to start!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
80872"></a>Setting up a WINS server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78371"></a>Setting up a WINS server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Either a Samba machine or a Windows NT Server machine may be set up
as a WINS server. To set a Samba machine to be a WINS server you must
add the following option to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file on the selected machine :
strongly suggested you upgrade to a recent version, or at the very
least set the parameter to 'no' on all these machines.
</p><p>
-Machines with <a class="indexterm" name="id2880931"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes will keep a list of
+Machines with <a class="indexterm" name="id2878430"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes will keep a list of
all NetBIOS names registered with them, acting as a DNS for NetBIOS names.
</p><p>
You should set up only ONE WINS server. Do NOT set the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880953"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes option on more than one Samba
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878452"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes option on more than one Samba
server.
</p><p>
To set up a Windows NT Server as a WINS server you need to set up
a Samba->Samba WINS replication protocol may be defined, in which
case more than one Samba machine could be set up as a WINS server
but currently only one Samba server should have the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2880988"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes parameter set.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878487"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes parameter set.
</p><p>
After the WINS server has been configured you must ensure that all
machines participating on the network are configured with the address
</p><p>
Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file of the Samba
server acting as the WINS server itself. If you set both the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2881086"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes option and the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2881101"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = <name> option then
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878585"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins support</tt></i> = yes option and the
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2878600"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>wins server</tt></i> = <name> option then
nmbd will fail to start.
</p><p>
There are two possible scenarios for setting up cross subnet browsing.
Windows 95, Samba and Windows NT machines that are not configured as
part of a Windows NT Domain. The second details setting up cross subnet
browsing on networks that contain NT Domains.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81128"></a>WINS Replication</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78627"></a>WINS Replication</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 permits WINS replication through the use of the <tt class="filename">wrepld</tt> utility.
This tool is not currently capable of being used as it is still in active development.
As soon as this tool becomes moderately functional we will prepare man pages and enhance this
section of the documentation to provide usage and technical details.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81154"></a>Static WINS Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78652"></a>Static WINS Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Adding static entries to your Samba WINS server is actually fairly easy.
All you have to do is add a line to <tt class="filename">wins.dat</tt>, typically
located in <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/var/locks</tt>.
Though this method works with early Samba-3 versions, there's a
possibility that it may change in future versions if WINS replication
is added.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
81238"></a>Helpful Hints</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
78737"></a>Helpful Hints</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following hints should be carefully considered as they are stumbling points
for many new network administrators.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81252"></a>Windows Networking Protocols</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78750"></a>Windows Networking Protocols</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines
</p></div><p>
A very common cause of browsing problems results from installing more than
the newer or extended protocol, these will fall back to the NT4 protocols.
</em></span></p><p>
The safest rule of all to follow it this - USE ONLY ONE PROTOCOL!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81317"></a>Name Resolution Order</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
78822"></a>Name Resolution Order</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addresses can take place using a number
of methods. The only ones that can provide NetBIOS name_type information
are:
where "host" refers to the native methods used by the UNIX system
to implement the gethostbyname() function call. This is normally
controlled by <tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt>, <tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> and <tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt>.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
81481"></a>Technical Overview of browsing</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
78986"></a>Technical Overview of browsing</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
SMB networking provides a mechanism by which clients can access a list
-of machines in a network, a so-called <a class="indexterm" name="id2881493"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browse list</tt></i>. This list
+of machines in a network, a so-called <a class="indexterm" name="id2878999"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browse list</tt></i>. This list
contains machines that are ready to offer file and/or print services
to other machines within the network. Thus it does not include
machines which aren't currently able to do server tasks. The browse
recommended to aid the resolution of NetBIOS (SMB) names to IP addresses.
WINS allows remote segment clients to obtain NetBIOS name_type information
that can NOT be provided by any other means of name resolution.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81541"></a>Browsing support in Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
79046"></a>Browsing support in Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba facilitates browsing. The browsing is supported by <span class="application">nmbd</span>
and is also controlled by options in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability
recommended that you use one and only one Samba server as your WINS server.
</p></div><p>
To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need
-to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2881609"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2879114"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
to control what workgroup Samba becomes a part of.
</p><p>
Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for
browsing on another subnet. It is recommended that this option is only
used for 'unusual' purposes: announcements over the internet, for
-example. See <a class="indexterm" name="id2881639"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> in the
+example. See <a class="indexterm" name="id2879144"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>remote announce</tt></i> in the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81662"></a>Problem resolution</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
79168"></a>Problem resolution</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmbd file will help
you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for finding
problems. Also note that the current browse list usually gets stored
hit enter and filemanager should display the list of available shares.
</p><p>
Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2881704"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i> set to a valid account. Remember that the
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2879209"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i> set to a valid account. Remember that the
IPC$ connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must
have a valid guest account.
</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>
The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address,
netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the "interfaces" option
in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>)
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
81749"></a>Browsing across subnets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
79254"></a>Browsing across subnets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1), Samba has supported the
replication of browse lists across subnet boundaries. This section
describes how to set this feature up in different settings.
of a WINS server given to them by a DHCP server, or by manual configuration
(for Win95 and WinNT, this is in the TCP/IP Properties, under Network
settings) for Samba this is in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
81798"></a>How does cross subnet browsing work ?</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
79303"></a>How does cross subnet browsing work ?</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Cross subnet browsing is a complicated dance, containing multiple
moving parts. It has taken Microsoft several years to get the code
that achieves this correct, and Samba lags behind in some areas.
the machines you would see in your network neighborhood if
you looked in it on a particular network right now).
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
81940"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.1. Browse subnet example 1</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 1" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="left">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="left">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet2</td><td align="left">N2_B</td><td align="left">N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet3</td><td align="left">N3_D</td><td align="left">N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
79437"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.1. Browse subnet example 1</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 1" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="left">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="left">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet2</td><td align="left">N2_B</td><td align="left">N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet3</td><td align="left">N3_D</td><td align="left">N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
Note that at this point all the subnets are separate, no
machine is seen across any of the subnets.
request to the sender of that packet. After both synchronizations
are done the browse lists look like :
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
82053"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.2. Browse subnet example 2</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 2" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
79550"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.2. Browse subnet example 2</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 2" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet2</td><td align="left">N2_B</td><td align="justify">N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D, N1_A(*),
N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet3</td><td align="left">N3_D</td><td align="justify">N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
subnet 2. After N3_D has synchronized with N1_C and vica-versa
the browse lists look like.
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
82166"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.3. Browse subnet example 3</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 3" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
79662"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.3. Browse subnet example 3</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 3" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet2</td><td align="left">N2_B</td><td align="justify">N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D, N1_A(*),
N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet3</td><td align="left">N3_D</td><td align="justify">N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D, N1_A(*),
N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*)</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
server entries. Finally - and as a steady state (if no machines
are removed or shut off) the browse lists will look like :
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
82283"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.4. Browse subnet example 4</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 4" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id28
79779"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 10.4. Browse subnet example 4</b></p><table summary="Browse subnet example 4" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Subnet</th><th align="left">Browse Master</th><th align="justify">List</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Subnet1</td><td align="left">N1_C</td><td align="justify">N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E,
N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), N3_A(*), N3_B(*),
N3_C(*), N3_D(*)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Subnet2</td><td align="left">N2_B</td><td align="justify">N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D, N1_A(*),
N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), N3_A(*), N3_B(*),
be able to access servers on its local subnet, by using subnet-isolated
broadcast NetBIOS name resolution. The effects are similar to that of
losing access to a DNS server.
- </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
82439"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
79936"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Many questions are asked on the mailing lists regarding browsing. The majority of browsing
problems originate out of incorrect configuration of NetBIOS name resolution. Some are of
particular note.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
82454"></a>How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
79950"></a>How can one flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache without restarting Samba?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba's nmbd process controls all browse list handling. Under normal circumstances it is
safe to restart nmbd. This will effectively flush the Samba NetBIOS name cache and cause it
to be rebuilt. Note that this does NOT make certain that a rogue machine name will not re-appear
shut down and restarted at after all machines are down. Failing a complete restart, the only
other thing you can do is wait until the entry times out and is then flushed from the list.
This may take a long time on some networks (months).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
82497"></a>My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
79979"></a>My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the
guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is
valid.
-</p><p>See also <a class="indexterm" name="id28
82516"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i> in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882539"></a>I get an <span class="errorname">Unable to browse the network</span> error</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>This error can have multiple causes:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>There is no local master browser. Configure <span class="application">nmbd</span>
+</p><p>See also <a class="indexterm" name="id28
79997"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i> in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2880021"></a>I get an <span class="errorname">Unable to browse the network</span> error</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>This error can have multiple causes:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>There is no local master browser. Configure <span class="application">nmbd</span>
or any other machine to serve as local master browser.</p></li><li><p>You can not log onto the machine that is the local master
browser. Can you logon to it as guest user? </p></li><li><p>There is no IP connectivity to the local master browser.
- Can you reach it by broadcast?</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="passdb"></a>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Olivier (lem)</span> <span class="surname">Lemaire</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IDEALX<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 24, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id288
2820">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882834">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882936">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883109">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883235">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883502">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883688">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883959">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884197">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884238">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884279">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884392">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884420">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886247">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2887095">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887102">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887147">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887258">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+ Can you reach it by broadcast?</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="passdb"></a>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Olivier (lem)</span> <span class="surname">Lemaire</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IDEALX<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 24, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id288
0302">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880315">Backwards Compatibility Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880417">New Backends</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2880590">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880717">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880966">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#idmapbackend">Mapping Common UIDs/GIDs on Distributed Machines</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#acctmgmttools">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881151">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881423">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881676">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881717">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881758">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881871">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881898">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883727">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2884575">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884582">Users can not logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884627">Users being added to wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884738">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
Samba 3 implements a new capability to work concurrently with multiple account backends.
The possible new combinations of password backends allows Samba 3 a degree of flexibility
and scalability that previously could be achieved only with MS Windows Active Directory.
ability to migrate MS Windows NT4 SAM accounts to Samba-3 without the need to provide
matching UNIX/Linux accounts. We called this the <span class="emphasis"><em>Non UNIX Accounts (NUA)</em></span>
capability. The intent was that an administrator could decide to use the <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam</em></span>
-backend and by simply specifying <a class="indexterm" name="id2882788"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = tdbsam_nua
+backend and by simply specifying <a class="indexterm" name="id2880269"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = tdbsam_nua
this would allow Samba-3 to implement a solution that did not use UNIX accounts per se. Late
in the development cycle, the team doing this work hit upon some obstacles that prevents this
solution from being used. Given the delays with Samba-3 release a decision was made to NOT
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Samba-3 does NOT support Non-UNIX Account (NUA) operation for user accounts.
Samba-3 does support NUA operation for machine accounts.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
2820"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
0302"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 provides for complete backwards compatibility with Samba-2.2.x functionality
as follows:
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
2834"></a>Backwards Compatibility Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Plain Text:</span></dt><dd><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
0315"></a>Backwards Compatibility Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Plain Text:</span></dt><dd><p>
This option uses nothing but the UNIX/Linux <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt>
style back end. On systems that have PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules)
support all PAM modules are supported. The behaviour is just as it was with
This option is provided primarily as a migration tool, although there is
no reason to force migration at this time. Note that this tool will eventually
be deprecated.
- </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
2936"></a>New Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
0417"></a>New Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities:
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">tdbsam:</span></dt><dd><p>
This backend provides a rich database backend for local servers. This
The xmlsam option can be useful for account migration between database
backends or backups. Use of this tool will allow the data to be edited before migration
into another backend format.
- </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
3109"></a>Technical Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
0590"></a>Technical Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Old windows clients send plain text passwords over the wire. Samba can check these
passwords by crypting them and comparing them to the hash stored in the unix user database.
</p><p>
In addition to differently encrypted passwords, windows also stores certain data for each
user that is not stored in a unix user database. e.g: workstations the user may logon from,
the location where the users' profile is stored, and so on. Samba retrieves and stores this
- information using a <a class="indexterm" name="id2883150"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>. Commonly available backends are LDAP, plain text
+ information using a <a class="indexterm" name="id2880630"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>. Commonly available backends are LDAP, plain text
file, MySQL and nisplus. For more information, see the man page for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> regarding the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2883172"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> parameter.
- </p><div class="figure"><a name="idmap-diag"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 11.1. IDMAP</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/idmap.png" width="270" alt="IDMAP"></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
3235"></a>Important Notes About Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2880654"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> parameter.
+ </p><div class="figure"><a name="idmap-diag"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 11.1. IDMAP</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/idmap.png" width="270" alt="IDMAP"></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
0717"></a>Important Notes About Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The unix and SMB password encryption techniques seem similar on the surface. This
similarity is, however, only skin deep. The unix scheme typically sends clear text
passwords over the network when logging in. This is bad. The SMB encryption scheme
(broken) only the cached (encrypted) password will be sent to the resource server to
affect a auto-reconnect. If the resource server does not support encrypted passwords the
auto-reconnect will fail. <span class="emphasis"><em>USE OF ENCRYPTED PASSWORDS IS STRONGLY ADVISED.</em></span>
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3412"></a>Advantages of Encrypted Passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not passed across
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
0875"></a>Advantages of Encrypted Passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not passed across
the network. Someone using a network sniffer cannot just
record passwords going to the SMB server.</p></li><li><p>Plain text passwords are not stored anywhere in
memory or on disk.</p></li><li><p>WinNT doesn't like talking to a server
only things you can do to stop this is to use SMB encryption.
</p></li><li><p>Encrypted password support allows automatic share
(resource) reconnects.</p></li><li><p>Encrypted passwords are essential for PDC/BDC
- operation.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3466"></a>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not kept
+ operation.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
0929"></a>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not kept
on disk, and are NOT cached in memory. </p></li><li><p>Uses same password file as other unix
services such as login and ftp</p></li><li><p>Use of other services (such as telnet and ftp) which
send plain text passwords over the net, so sending them for SMB
- isn't such a big deal.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
3502"></a>Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ isn't such a big deal.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
0966"></a>Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Every operation in UNIX/Linux requires a user identifier (UID), just as in
MS Windows NT4 / 200x this requires a Security Identifier (SID). Samba provides
two means for mapping an MS Windows user to a UNIX/Linux UID.
</p><p>
Firstly, all Samba SAM (Security Account Manager database) accounts require
a UNIX/Linux UID that the account will map to. As users are added to the account
- information database, Samba will call the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883525"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add user script</tt></i>
+ information database, Samba will call the <a class="indexterm" name="id2880988"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add user script</tt></i>
interface to add the account to the Samba host OS. In essence all accounts in
the local SAM require a local user account.
</p><p>
development but is NOT expected to ship in time for Samba-3.0.0. The new tool will be a TCL/TK
GUI tool that looks much like the MS Windows NT4 Domain User Manager - hopefully this will
be announced in time for the Samba-3.0.1 release.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
3688"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1151"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The smbpasswd utility is a utility similar to the <b class="command">passwd</b>
or <b class="command">yppasswd</b> programs. It maintains the two 32 byte password
fields in the passdb backend.
</p><p>
For more details on using <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> refer to the man page (the
definitive reference).
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
3959"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>pdbedit</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1423"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>pdbedit</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<b class="command">pdbedit</b> is a tool that can be used only by root. It is used to
manage the passdb backend. <b class="command">pdbedit</b> can be used to:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>add, remove or modify user accounts</p></li><li><p>listing user accounts</p></li><li><p>migrate user accounts</p></li></ul></div><p>
old <tt class="filename">smbpasswd</tt> database to a <i class="parameter"><tt>tdbsam</tt></i>
backend:
</p><div class="procedure"><ol type="1"><li><p>
- Set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2884127"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = tdbsam, smbpasswd.
+ Set the <a class="indexterm" name="id2881606"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = tdbsam, smbpasswd.
</p></li><li><p>
Execute:
</p><pre class="screen">
</p></li><li><p>
Now remove the <i class="parameter"><tt>smbpasswd</tt></i> from the passdb backend
configuration in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.
- </p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
4197"></a>Password Backends</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
1676"></a>Password Backends</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba offers the greatest flexibility in backend account database design of any SMB/CIFS server
technology available today. The flexibility is immediately obvious as one begins to explore this
capability.
backends of the same type. For example, to use two different tdbsam databases:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/passdb.tdb, tdbsam:/etc/samba/old-passdb.tdb</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
4238"></a>Plain Text</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1717"></a>Plain Text</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Older versions of Samba retrieved user information from the unix user database
and eventually some other fields from the file <tt class="filename">/etc/samba/smbpasswd</tt>
or <tt class="filename">/etc/smbpasswd</tt>. When password encryption is disabled, no
SMB specific data is stored at all. Instead all operations are conducted via the way
that the Samba host OS will access its <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> database.
eg: On Linux systems that is done via PAM.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
4279"></a>smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- Traditionally, when configuring <a class="indexterm" name="id2884289"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = yes in Samba's <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, user account
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1758"></a>smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ Traditionally, when configuring <a class="indexterm" name="id2881768"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = yes in Samba's <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, user account
information such as username, LM/NT password hashes, password change times, and account
flags have been stored in the <tt class="filename">smbpasswd(5)</tt> file. There are several
disadvantages to this approach for sites with very large numbers of users (counted
Samba provides an enhanced set of passdb backends that overcome the deficiencies
of the smbpasswd plain text database. These are tdbsam, ldapsam, and xmlsam.
Of these ldapsam will be of most interest to large corporate or enterprise sites.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
4392"></a>tdbsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba can store user and machine account data in a "TDB" (Trivial Database).
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1871"></a>tdbsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba can store user and machine account data in a "TDB" (Trivial Database).
Using this backend doesn't require any additional configuration. This backend is
recommended for new installations that do not require LDAP.
</p><p>
that have 250 or more users. Additionally, tdbsam is not capable of scaling for use
in sites that require PDB/BDC implementations that requires replication of the account
database. Clearly, for reason of scalability, the use of ldapsam should be encouraged.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
4420"></a>ldapsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
1898"></a>ldapsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a few points to stress that the ldapsam does not provide. The LDAP
support referred to in the this documentation does not include:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A means of retrieving user account information from
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The <a href="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb/ldap-smb-3-howto.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-LDAP-HOWTO</a>
maintained by Ignacio Coupeau.</p></li><li><p>The NT migration scripts from <a href="http://samba.idealx.org/" target="_top">IDEALX</a> that are
geared to manage users and group in such a Samba-LDAP Domain Controller configuration.
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4572"></a>Supported LDAP Servers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2050"></a>Supported LDAP Servers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The LDAP ldapsam code has been developed and tested using the OpenLDAP 2.0 and 2.1 server and
client libraries. The same code should work with Netscape's Directory Server and client SDK.
However, there are bound to be compile errors and bugs. These should not be hard to fix.
Please submit fixes via <a href="#bugreport" title="Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs">Bug reporting facility</a>.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4598"></a>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2076"></a>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba 3.0 includes the necessary schema file for OpenLDAP 2.0 in
<tt class="filename">examples/LDAP/samba.schema</tt>. The sambaSamAccount objectclass is given here:
</p><p>
and functioning correctly. This division of information makes it possible to
store all Samba account information in LDAP, but still maintain UNIX account
information in NIS while the network is transitioning to a full LDAP infrastructure.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4708"></a>OpenLDAP configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2187"></a>OpenLDAP configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To include support for the sambaSamAccount object in an OpenLDAP directory
server, first copy the samba.schema file to slapd's configuration directory.
The samba.schema file can be found in the directory <tt class="filename">examples/LDAP</tt>
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>/etc/init.d/slapd restart</tt></b>
</pre><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4903"></a>Initialise the LDAP database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2382"></a>Initialise the LDAP database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before you can add accounts to the LDAP database you must create the account containers
that they will be stored in. The following LDIF file should be modified to match your
needs (ie: Your DNS entries, etc.).
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>secret</tt></i></tt></b>
</pre><p>
- </p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
5030"></a>Configuring Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2509"></a>Configuring Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following parameters are available in smb.conf only if your
version of samba was built with LDAP support. Samba automatically builds with LDAP support if the
LDAP libraries are found.
</p><p>LDAP related smb.conf options:
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885048"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = ldapsam:url,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885064"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885077"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap admin dn</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885091"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap suffix</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885104"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap filter</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885118"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap machine suffix</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885132"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap user suffix</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885146"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap delete dn</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885160"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885174"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap trust ids</tt></i>.
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882527"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> = ldapsam:url,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882543"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882556"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap admin dn</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882570"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap suffix</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882583"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap filter</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882597"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap machine suffix</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882611"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap user suffix</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882625"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap delete dn</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882639"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2882653"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap trust ids</tt></i>.
</p><p>
These are described in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man
page and so will not be repeated here. However, a sample smb.conf file for
use with an LDAP directory could appear as
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id288
5206"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 11.2. Configuration with LDAP</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = user</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = TASHTEGO</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = NARNIA</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># ldap related parameters</td></tr><tr><td># define the DN to use when binding to the directory servers</td></tr><tr><td># The password for this DN is not stored in smb.conf. Rather it</td></tr><tr><td># must be set by using 'smbpasswd -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>secretpw</tt></i>' to store the</td></tr><tr><td># passphrase in the secrets.tdb file. If the "ldap admin dn" values</td></tr><tr><td># change, this password will need to be reset.</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap admin dn = "cn=Samba Manager,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org"</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># Define the SSL option when connecting to the directory</td></tr><tr><td># ('off', 'start tls', or 'on' (default))</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl = start tls</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># syntax: passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://server-name[:port]</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://funball.samba.org</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># smbpasswd -x delete the entire dn-entry</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap delete dn = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># the machine and user suffix added to the base suffix</td></tr><tr><td># wrote WITHOUT quotes. NULL suffixes by default</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap user suffix = ou=People</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap machine suffix = ou=Systems</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># Trust unix account information in LDAP</td></tr><tr><td># (see the smb.conf manpage for details)</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap trust ids = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># specify the base DN to use when searching the directory</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap suffix = "ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org"</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># generally the default ldap search filter is ok</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaSamAccount))"</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
5427"></a>Accounts and Groups management</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id288
2685"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 11.2. Configuration with LDAP</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security = user</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = TASHTEGO</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = NARNIA</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># ldap related parameters</td></tr><tr><td># define the DN to use when binding to the directory servers</td></tr><tr><td># The password for this DN is not stored in smb.conf. Rather it</td></tr><tr><td># must be set by using 'smbpasswd -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>secretpw</tt></i>' to store the</td></tr><tr><td># passphrase in the secrets.tdb file. If the "ldap admin dn" values</td></tr><tr><td># change, this password will need to be reset.</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap admin dn = "cn=Samba Manager,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org"</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># Define the SSL option when connecting to the directory</td></tr><tr><td># ('off', 'start tls', or 'on' (default))</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl = start tls</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># syntax: passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://server-name[:port]</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://funball.samba.org</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># smbpasswd -x delete the entire dn-entry</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap delete dn = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># the machine and user suffix added to the base suffix</td></tr><tr><td># wrote WITHOUT quotes. NULL suffixes by default</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap user suffix = ou=People</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap machine suffix = ou=Systems</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># Trust unix account information in LDAP</td></tr><tr><td># (see the smb.conf manpage for details)</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap trust ids = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># specify the base DN to use when searching the directory</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap suffix = "ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org"</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># generally the default ldap search filter is ok</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaSamAccount))"</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2906"></a>Accounts and Groups management</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As users accounts are managed through the sambaSamAccount objectclass, you should
modify your existing administration tools to deal with sambaSamAccount attributes.
</p><p>
groups. This means that Samba makes use of the posixGroup objectclass.
For now, there is no NT-like group system management (global and local
groups).
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
5464"></a>Security and sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
2943"></a>Security and sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are two important points to remember when discussing the security
of sambaSamAccount entries in the directory.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> retrieve the lmPassword or
on the details of LM/NT password hashes, refer to the
<a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">Account Information Database</a> section of this chapter.
</p><p>
- To remedy the first security issue, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2885524"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter defaults
- to require an encrypted session (<a class="indexterm" name="id2885545"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> = on) using
+ To remedy the first security issue, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883003"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter defaults
+ to require an encrypted session (<a class="indexterm" name="id2883024"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> = on) using
the default port of <tt class="constant">636</tt>
when contacting the directory server. When using an OpenLDAP server, it
is possible to use the use the StartTLS LDAP extended operation in the place of
LDAPS. In either case, you are strongly discouraged to disable this security
- (<a class="indexterm" name="id2885567"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> = off).
+ (<a class="indexterm" name="id2883046"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> = off).
</p><p>
Note that the LDAPS protocol is deprecated in favor of the LDAPv3 StartTLS
extended operation. However, the OpenLDAP library still provides support for
by dn="cn=Samba Admin,ou=people,dc=quenya,dc=org" write
by * none
</pre><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
5623"></a>LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3102"></a>LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The sambaSamAccount objectclass is composed of the following attributes:
</p><p>
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
5640"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.1. Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)</b></p><table summary="Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaLMPassword</tt></td><td align="justify">the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
3118"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.1. Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)</b></p><table summary="Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaLMPassword</tt></td><td align="justify">the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character
representation of a hexadecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaNTPassword</tt></td><td align="justify">the NT password hash 16-byte stored as a character
representation of a hexadecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaPwdLastSet</tt></td><td align="justify">The integer time in seconds since 1970 when the
<tt class="constant">sambaLMPassword</tt> and <tt class="constant">sambaNTPassword</tt> attributes were last set.
where X is the letter of the drive to map. Refer to the "logon drive" parameter in the
smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaLogonScript</tt></td><td align="justify">The sambaLogonScript property specifies the path of
the user's logon script, .CMD, .EXE, or .BAT file. The string can be null. The path
- is relative to the netlogon share. Refer to the <a class="indexterm" name="id2885808"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon script</tt></i> parameter in the
+ is relative to the netlogon share. Refer to the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883286"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon script</tt></i> parameter in the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaProfilePath</tt></td><td align="justify">specifies a path to the user's profile.
This value can be a null string, a local absolute path, or a UNC path. Refer to the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2885841"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaHomePath</tt></td><td align="justify">The sambaHomePath property specifies the path of
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2883321"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">sambaHomePath</tt></td><td align="justify">The sambaHomePath property specifies the path of
the home directory for the user. The string can be null. If sambaHomeDrive is set and specifies
a drive letter, sambaHomePath should be a UNC path. The path must be a network
UNC path of the form <tt class="filename">\\server\share\directory</tt>. This value can be a null string.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>sambaHomePath</p></li><li><p>sambaLogonScript</p></li><li><p>sambaProfilePath</p></li><li><p>sambaHomeDrive</p></li></ul></div><p>
These attributes are only stored with the sambaSamAccount entry if
the values are non-default values. For example, assume TASHTEGO has now been
- configured as a PDC and that <a class="indexterm" name="id2885997"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> = \\%L\%u was defined in
+ configured as a PDC and that <a class="indexterm" name="id2883477"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> = \\%L\%u was defined in
its <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file. When a user named "becky" logons to the domain,
- the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886020"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> string is expanded to \\TASHTEGO\becky.
+ the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883500"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> string is expanded to \\TASHTEGO\becky.
If the smbHome attribute exists in the entry "uid=becky,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org",
this value is used. However, if this attribute does not exist, then the value
- of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886038"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter is used in its place. Samba
+ of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883517"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter is used in its place. Samba
will only write the attribute value to the directory entry if the value is
something other than the default (e.g. <tt class="filename">\\MOBY\becky</tt>).
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
6064"></a>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3543"></a>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following is a working LDIF with the inclusion of the posixAccount objectclass:
</p><p>
</p><pre class="programlisting">
sambaPwdMustChange: 2147483647
sambaNTPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7
</pre><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
6130"></a>Password synchronisation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3609"></a>Password synchronisation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since version 3.0 samba can update the non-samba (LDAP) password stored with an account. When
using pam_ldap, this allows changing both unix and windows passwords at once.
- </p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id288
6148"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i> options can have the following values:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">yes</span></dt><dd><p>When the user changes his password, update
+ </p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id288
3627"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i> options can have the following values:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">yes</span></dt><dd><p>When the user changes his password, update
<tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt>, <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt>
- and the <tt class="constant">password</tt> fields.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">no</span></dt><dd><p>Only update <tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt> and <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">only</span></dt><dd><p>Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server worry about the other fields. This option is only available on some LDAP servers. <sup>[<a name="id288
6231" href="#ftn.id2886231">3</a>]</sup></p></dd></dl></div><p>More information can be found in the smb.conf manpage.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
6247"></a>MySQL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ and the <tt class="constant">password</tt> fields.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">no</span></dt><dd><p>Only update <tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt> and <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">only</span></dt><dd><p>Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server worry about the other fields. This option is only available on some LDAP servers. <sup>[<a name="id288
3711" href="#ftn.id2883711">3</a>]</sup></p></dd></dl></div><p>More information can be found in the smb.conf manpage.
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
3727"></a>MySQL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Every so often someone will come along with a great new idea. Storing of user accounts in an
SQL backend is one of them. Those who want to do this are in the best position to know what the
specific benefits are to them. This may sound like a cop-out, but in truth we can not attempt
to document every nitty little detail why certain things of marginal utility to the bulk of
Samba users might make sense to the rest. In any case, the following instructions should help
the determined SQL user to implement a working system.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
6268"></a>Creating the database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
3748"></a>Creating the database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You either can set up your own table and specify the field names to pdb_mysql (see below
for the column names) or use the default table. The file <tt class="filename">examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt>
contains the correct queries to create the required tables. Use the command :
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>mysql -u<i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i> -h<i class="replaceable"><tt>hostname</tt></i> -p<i class="replaceable"><tt>password</tt></i> \
<i class="replaceable"><tt>databasename</tt></i> < <tt class="filename">/path/to/samba/examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt></tt></b>
</pre><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2886336"></a>Configuring</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</p><p>Add a the following to the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886352"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> variable in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2883816"></a>Configuring</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</p><p>Add a the following to the <a class="indexterm" name="id2883830"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> variable in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = [other-plugins] mysql:identifier [other-plugins]</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
</p><p>The identifier can be any string you like, as long as it doesn't collide with
the identifiers of other plugins or other instances of pdb_mysql. If you
- specify multiple pdb_mysql.so entries in <a class="indexterm" name="id2886395"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>, you also need to
+ specify multiple pdb_mysql.so entries in <a class="indexterm" name="id2883875"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>, you also need to
use different identifiers!
</p><p>
Additional options can be given through the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section.
</p><p>
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
6434"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.2. Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="justify">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">mysql host</td><td align="justify">host name, defaults to 'localhost'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql password</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql user</td><td align="justify">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql database</td><td align="justify">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql port</td><td align="justify">defaults to 3306</td></tr><tr><td align="left">table</td><td align="justify">Name of the table containing users</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
3914"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.2. Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="justify">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">mysql host</td><td align="justify">host name, defaults to 'localhost'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql password</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql user</td><td align="justify">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql database</td><td align="justify">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">mysql port</td><td align="justify">defaults to 3306</td></tr><tr><td align="left">table</td><td align="justify">Name of the table containing users</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
Since the password for the MySQL user is stored in the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, you should make the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file
readable only to the user that runs Samba This is considered a security
bug and will be fixed soon.
</p></div><p>Names of the columns in this table (I've added column types those columns should have first):</p><p>
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
6566"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.3. MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Type</th><th align="justify">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">logon time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">logoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">kickoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass last set time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass can change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass must change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">unix username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">domain column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT domain user is part of</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nt username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">fullname column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Full name of user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">home dir column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">UNIX homedir path</td></tr><tr><td align="left">dir drive column</td><td align="left">varchar(2)</td><td align="justify">Directory drive path (eg: 'H:')</td></tr><tr><td align="left">logon script column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Batch file to run on client side when logging on</td></tr><tr><td align="left">profile path column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Path of profile</td></tr><tr><td align="left">acct desc column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Some ASCII NT user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">workstations column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown string column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">unknown string</td></tr><tr><td align="left">munged dial column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">user sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT user SID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">group sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT group ID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">lanman pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">encrypted lanman password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nt pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">encrypted nt passwd</td></tr><tr><td align="left">plain pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">plaintext password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">acct control column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">nt user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 3 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">logon divs column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">hours len column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 5 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 6 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
4046"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.3. MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Type</th><th align="justify">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">logon time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">logoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">kickoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass last set time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass can change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">pass must change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">unix username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">domain column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT domain user is part of</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nt username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">fullname column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Full name of user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">home dir column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">UNIX homedir path</td></tr><tr><td align="left">dir drive column</td><td align="left">varchar(2)</td><td align="justify">Directory drive path (eg: 'H:')</td></tr><tr><td align="left">logon script column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Batch file to run on client side when logging on</td></tr><tr><td align="left">profile path column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Path of profile</td></tr><tr><td align="left">acct desc column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Some ASCII NT user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">workstations column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown string column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">unknown string</td></tr><tr><td align="left">munged dial column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">user sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT user SID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">group sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">NT group ID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">lanman pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">encrypted lanman password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nt pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">encrypted nt passwd</td></tr><tr><td align="left">plain pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="justify">plaintext password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">acct control column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">nt user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 3 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">logon divs column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">hours len column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 5 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unknown 6 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="justify">unknown</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
Eventually, you can put a colon (:) after the name of each column, which
should specify the column to update when updating the table. You can also
specify nothing behind the colon - then the data from the field will not be
updated.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
6956"></a>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4435"></a>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
I strongly discourage the use of plaintext passwords, however, you can use them:
</p><p>
If you would like to use plaintext passwords, set
</p><p>
If you use encrypted passwords, set the 'identifier:plain pass
column' to 'NULL' (without the quotes). This is the default.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
6986"></a>Getting non-column data from the table</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id288
4465"></a>Getting non-column data from the table</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
It is possible to have not all data in the database and making some 'constant'.
</p><p>
For example, you can set 'identifier:fullname column' to :
</p><p>
To import data, use:
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -i xml:filename</tt></b>
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
7095"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887102"></a>Users can not logon</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I've installed samba, but now I can't log on with my unix account!</span>”</p><p>Make sure your user has been added to the current samba <a class="indexterm" name="id2887120"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>. Read the section <a href="#acctmgmttools" title="Account Management Tools">Account Management Tools</a> for details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887147"></a>Users being added to wrong backend database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
4575"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2884582"></a>Users can not logon</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">I've installed samba, but now I can't log on with my unix account!</span>”</p><p>Make sure your user has been added to the current samba <a class="indexterm" name="id2884600"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>. Read the section <a href="#acctmgmttools" title="Account Management Tools">Account Management Tools</a> for details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2884627"></a>Users being added to wrong backend database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A few complaints have been received from users that just moved to Samba-3. The following
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file entries were causing problems, new accounts were being added to the old
smbpasswd file, not to the tdbsam passdb.tdb file:
parameter entry. If you want to update to the tdbsam, then change the entry to:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[globals]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend = tdbsam, smbpasswd</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr></table><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
7258"></a>auth methods does not work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- If you explicitly set an <a class="indexterm" name="id2887269"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i> parameter, guest must be specified as the first
- entry on the line. Eg: <a class="indexterm" name="id2887285"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i> = guest sam.
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
4738"></a>auth methods does not work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ If you explicitly set an <a class="indexterm" name="id2884749"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i> parameter, guest must be specified as the first
+ entry on the line. Eg: <a class="indexterm" name="id2884756"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i> = guest sam.
</p><p>
- This is the exact opposite of the requirement for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2887304"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>
+ This is the exact opposite of the requirement for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2884784"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>
option, where it must be the <span class="emphasis"><em>LAST</em></span> parameter on the line.
- </p></div></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id288
6231" href="#id2886231">3</a>] </sup>Only when the LDAP server supports LDAP_EXOP_X_MODIFY_PASSWD</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="groupmapping"></a>Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jean François</span> <span class="surname">Micouleau</span></h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887948">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888015">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888029">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888108">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888184">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888199">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888268">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888294">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2887415"></a><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="footnotes"><br><hr width="100" align="left"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.id288
3711" href="#id2883711">3</a>] </sup>Only when the LDAP server supports LDAP_EXOP_X_MODIFY_PASSWD</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="groupmapping"></a>Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jean François</span> <span class="surname">Micouleau</span></h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885422">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885489">Configuration Scripts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885503">Sample smb.conf add group script</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885582">Script to configure Group Mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885658">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885674">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885742">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885768">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2884895"></a><p>
Starting with Samba-3, new group mapping functionality is available to create associations
between Windows group SIDs and UNIX groups. The <b class="command">groupmap</b> subcommand
included with the <span class="application">net</span> tool can be used to manage these associations.
</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
The first immediate reason to use the group mapping on a Samba PDC, is that
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2887455"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2884936"></a>
the <i class="parameter"><tt>domain admin group</tt></i> has been removed and should no longer
be specified in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. This parameter was used to give the listed users membership
in the <tt class="constant">Domain Admins</tt> Windows group which gave local admin rights on their workstations
(in default configurations).
- </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
7487"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
4967"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba allows the administrator to create MS Windows NT4 / 200x group accounts and to
arbitrarily associate them with UNIX/Linux group accounts.
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7502"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2887511"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
4983"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2884991"></a><p>
Group accounts can be managed using the MS Windows NT4 or MS Windows 200x / XP Professional MMC tools.
Appropriate interface scripts should be provided in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> if it is desired that UNIX / Linux system
accounts should be automatically created when these tools are used. In the absence of these scripts, and
so long as winbind is running, Samba accounts group accounts that are created using these tools will be
- allocated UNIX UIDs/GIDs from the parameters set by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2887538"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid</tt></i>/<a class="indexterm" name="id2887550"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap gid</tt></i> settings
+ allocated UNIX UIDs/GIDs from the parameters set by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2885018"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid</tt></i>/<a class="indexterm" name="id2885031"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap gid</tt></i> settings
in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
- </p><div class="figure"><a name="idmap-group-diag"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 12.1. IDMAP groups</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/idmap-groups.png" width="270" alt="IDMAP groups"></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7620"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2887628"></a><p>
+ </p><div class="figure"><a name="idmap-group-diag"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 12.1. IDMAP groups</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/idmap-groups.png" width="270" alt="IDMAP groups"></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5101"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2885108"></a><p>
Administrators should be aware that where <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> group interface scripts make
direct calls to the UNIX/Linux system tools (eg: the shadow utilities, <b class="command">groupadd</b>,
<b class="command">groupdel</b>, <b class="command">groupmod</b>) then the resulting UNIX/Linux group names will be subject
or space characters, then the creation of an MS Windows NT4 / 200x style group of
<span class="emphasis"><em>Engineering Managers</em></span> will attempt to create an identically named
UNIX/Linux group, an attempt that will of course fail!
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7680"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2887689"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5160"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2885168"></a><p>
There are several possible work-arounds for the operating system tools limitation. One
method is to use a script that generates a name for the UNIX/Linux system group that
fits the operating system limits, and that then just passes the UNIX/Linux group id (GID)
Another work-around is to manually create a UNIX/Linux group, then manually create the
MS Windows NT4 / 200x group on the Samba server and then use the <b class="command">net groupmap</b>
tool to connect the two to each other.
- </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
7722"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
5202"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When installing <span class="application">MS Windows NT4 / 200x</span> on a computer, the installation
program creates default users and groups, notably the <tt class="constant">Administrators</tt> group,
and gives that group privileges necessary privileges to perform essential system tasks.
eg: Ability to change the date and time or to kill (or close) any process running on the
local machine.
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7752"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5231"></a><p>
The 'Administrator' user is a member of the 'Administrators' group, and thus inherits
'Administrators' group privileges. If a 'joe' user is created to be a member of the
'Administrator' group, 'joe' has exactly the same rights as 'Administrator'.
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=domadm</tt></b>
</pre><p>
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7862"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5344"></a><p>
The quotes around "Domain Admins" are necessary due to the space in the group name.
Also make sure to leave no whitespace surrounding the equal character (=).
</p></li></ol></div><p>
Now joe, john and mary are domain administrators!
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7884"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5365"></a><p>
It is possible to map any arbitrary UNIX group to any Windows NT4 / 200x group as well as
making any UNIX group a Windows domain group. For example, if you wanted to include a
UNIX group (e.g. acct) in a ACL on a local file or printer on a domain member machine,
to a user. Verifying this is done differently depending on the passdb backend
you are using. Future versions of the tools may perform the verification automatically,
but for now the burden is on you.
- </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
7948"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5422"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can list the various groups in the mapping database by executing
<b class="command">net groupmap list</b>. Here is an example:
</p><p>
</pre><p>
</p><p>
For complete details on <b class="command">net groupmap</b>, refer to the net(8) man page.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
8015"></a>Configuration Scripts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
5489"></a>Configuration Scripts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Everyone needs tools. Some of us like to create our own, others prefer to use canned tools
(ie: prepared by someone else for general use).
- </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
8029"></a>Sample <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> add group script</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5503"></a>Sample <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> add group script</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A script to create complying group names for use by the Samba group interfaces:
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id288
8052"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 12.1. smbgrpadd.sh</b></p><pre class="programlisting">
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id288
5526"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 12.1. smbgrpadd.sh</b></p><pre class="programlisting">
#!/bin/bash
</p><p>
The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> entry for the above script would look like:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>add group script = /path_to_tool/smbgrpadd.sh %g</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
8108"></a>Script to configure Group Mapping</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5582"></a>Script to configure Group Mapping</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In our example we have created a UNIX/Linux group called <span class="emphasis"><em>ntadmin</em></span>.
Our script will create the additional groups <span class="emphasis"><em>Orks</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elves</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>Gnomes</em></span>:
</p><p>
Of course it is expected that the administrator will modify this to suit local needs.
For information regarding the use of the <b class="command">net groupmap</b> tool please
refer to the man page.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
8184"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
5658"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
At this time there are many little surprises for the unwary administrator. In a real sense
it is imperative that every step of automated control scripts must be carefully tested
manually before putting them into active service.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
8199"></a>Adding Groups Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5674"></a>Adding Groups Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This is a common problem when the <b class="command">groupadd</b> is called directly
- by the Samba interface script for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2888220"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add group script</tt></i> in
+ by the Samba interface script for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2885694"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add group script</tt></i> in
the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
</p><p>
The most common cause of failure is an attempt to add an MS Windows group account
third option is to manually create a UNIX/Linux group account that can substitute
for the MS Windows group name, then use the procedure listed above to map that group
to the MS Windows group.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
8268"></a>Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2888277"></a><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5742"></a>Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2885751"></a><p>
Samba-3 does NOT support nested groups from the MS Windows control environment.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
8294"></a>Adding <span class="emphasis"><em>Domain Users</em></span> to the <span class="emphasis"><em>Power Users</em></span> group</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
5768"></a>Adding <span class="emphasis"><em>Domain Users</em></span> to the <span class="emphasis"><em>Power Users</em></span> group</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">
What must I do to add Domain Users to the Power Users group?
</span>”</p><p>
The Power Users group is a group that is local to each Windows
group automatically, this must be done on each workstation by logging in as the local workstation
<span class="emphasis"><em>administrator</em></span> and then using click on Start / Control Panel / Users and Passwords
now click on the 'Advanced' tab, then on the 'Advanced' Button.
- </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
8333"></a><p>
+ </p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5807"></a><p>
Now click on 'Groups', then double click on 'Power Users'. This will launch the panel to add users
or groups to the local machine 'Power Uses' group. Click on the 'Add' button, select the domain
from which the 'Domain Users' group is to be added, double click on the 'Domain Users' group, then
click on the 'Ok' button. Note: If a logon box is presented during this process please remember to
enter the connect as DOMAIN\UserName. ie: For the domain MIDEARTH and the user 'root' enter
MIDEARTH\root.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AccessControls"></a>Chapter 13. File, Directory and Share Access Controls</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawing</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 10, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2888551">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888688">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889023">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889117">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889345">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890553">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890626">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890925">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890933">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890978">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891057">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891188">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891423">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
91979">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892060">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892074">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892503">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892555">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2888473"></a><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AccessControls"></a>Chapter 13. File, Directory and Share Access Controls</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawing</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 10, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2886024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886154">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886489">Managing Directories</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886582">File and Directory Access Control</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2886810">Share Definition Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888020">Access Controls on Shares</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888092">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888391">MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888399">Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888444">Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888523">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888655">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888889">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id28
89446">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889526">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889540">Users can not write to a public share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889969">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890022">MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2885947"></a><p>
Advanced MS Windows users are frequently perplexed when file, directory and share manipulation of
resources shared via Samba do not behave in the manner they might expect. MS Windows network
administrators are often confused regarding network access controls and how to
The problem lies in the differences in how file and directory permissions and controls work
between the two environments. This difference is one that Samba can not completely hide, even
though it does try to bridge the chasm to a degree.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
8509"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
5983"></a><p>
POSIX Access Control List technology has been available (along with Extended Attributes)
for UNIX for many years, yet there is little evidence today of any significant use. This
explains to some extent the slow adoption of ACLs into commercial Linux products. MS Windows
UNIX/Linux into a platform like MS Windows. Instead the purpose was and is to provide a sufficient
level of exchange of data between the two environments. What is available today extends well
beyond early plans and expectations, yet the gap continues to shrink.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
8551"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
6024"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba offers a lot of flexibility in file system access management. These are the key access control
facilities present in Samba today:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><p class="title"><b>Samba Access Control Facilities</b></p><ul type="disc"><li><p>
this also. Sadly, few Linux platforms ship today with native ACLs and
Extended Attributes enabled. This chapter has pertinent information
for users of platforms that support them.
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
8688"></a>File System Access Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
6154"></a>File System Access Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Perhaps the most important recognition to be made is the simple fact that MS Windows NT4 / 200x / XP
implement a totally divergent file system technology from what is provided in the UNIX operating system
environment. Firstly we should consider what the most significant differences are, then we shall look
at how Samba helps to bridge the differences.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
8708"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2888716"></a><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888724"></a>MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id288
6173"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2886182"></a><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886190"></a>MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba operates on top of the UNIX file system. This means it is subject to UNIX file system conventions
and permissions. It also means that if the MS Windows networking environment requires file system
behaviour that differs from unix file system behaviour then somehow Samba is responsible for emulating
</p><p>
What MS Windows calls a Folder, UNIX calls a directory.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Case Sensitivity</span></dt><dd><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2888810"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2886276"></a>
MS Windows file names are generally upper case if made up of 8.3 (ie: 8 character file name
and 3 character extension. If longer than 8.3 file names are Case Preserving, and Case
Insensitive.
either start up files for various UNIX applications, or they may be files that contain
start-up configuration data.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Links and Short-Cuts</span></dt><dd><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2888961"></a>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2888972"></a>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2888983"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2886426"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2886437"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2886448"></a>
MS Windows make use of "links and Short-Cuts" that are actually special types of files that will
redirect an attempt to execute the file to the real location of the file. UNIX knows of file and directory
There are many other subtle differences that may cause the MS Windows administrator some temporary discomfort
in the process of becoming familiar with UNIX/Linux. These are best left for a text that is dedicated to the
purpose of UNIX/Linux training/education.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
9023"></a>Managing Directories</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
6489"></a>Managing Directories</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are three basic operations for managing directories, <b class="command">create, delete, rename</b>.
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
9043"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.1. Managing directories with unix and windows</b></p><table summary="Managing directories with unix and windows" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Action</th><th align="center">MS Windows Command</th><th align="center">UNIX Command</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">create</td><td align="center">md folder</td><td align="center">mkdir folder</td></tr><tr><td align="center">delete</td><td align="center">rd folder</td><td align="center">rmdir folder</td></tr><tr><td align="center">rename</td><td align="center">rename oldname newname</td><td align="center">mv oldname newname</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
9117"></a>File and Directory Access Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
6508"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.1. Managing directories with unix and windows</b></p><table summary="Managing directories with unix and windows" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Action</th><th align="center">MS Windows Command</th><th align="center">UNIX Command</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">create</td><td align="center">md folder</td><td align="center">mkdir folder</td></tr><tr><td align="center">delete</td><td align="center">rd folder</td><td align="center">rmdir folder</td></tr><tr><td align="center">rename</td><td align="center">rename oldname newname</td><td align="center">mv oldname newname</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
6582"></a>File and Directory Access Control</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The network administrator is strongly advised to read foundational training manuals and reference materials
regarding file and directory permissions maintenance. Much can be achieved with the basic UNIX permissions
without having to resort to more complex facilities like POSIX Access Control Lists (ACLs) or Extended
</p><div class="figure"><a name="access1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 13.1. Overview of unix permissions field</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/access1.png" width="270" alt="Overview of unix permissions field"></div></div><p>
Any bit flag may be unset. An unset bit flag is the equivalent of 'Can NOT' and is represented as a '-' character.
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id288
9268"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 13.1. Example File</b></p><pre class="programlisting">
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id288
6704"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 13.1. Example File</b></p><pre class="programlisting">
-rwxr-x--- Means: The owner (user) can read, write, execute
the group can read and execute
everyone else can NOT do anything with it
the (x) execute flags are not set files can not be listed (seen) in the directory by anyone. The group can read files in the
directory but can NOT create new files. NOTE: If files in the directory are set to be readable and writable for the group, then
group members will be able to write to (or delete) them.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
9345"></a>Share Definition Access Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id288
6810"></a>Share Definition Access Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following parameters in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file sections that define a share control or affect access controls.
Before using any of the following options please refer to the man page for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
9373"></a>User and Group Based Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
6837"></a>User and Group Based Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
User and group based controls can prove very useful. In some situations it is distinctly desirable to affect all
- file system operations as if a single user is doing this, the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889387"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> and
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2889400"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force group</tt></i> behaviour will achieve this. In other situations it may be necessary to affect a
+ file system operations as if a single user is doing this, the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886852"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> and
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2886865"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force group</tt></i> behaviour will achieve this. In other situations it may be necessary to affect a
paranoia level of control to ensure that only particular authorised persons will be able to access a share or
- it's contents, here the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889418"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> or the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889431"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>invalid users</tt></i> may
+ it's contents, here the use of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886884"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> or the <a class="indexterm" name="id2886897"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>invalid users</tt></i> may
be most useful.
</p><p>
As always, it is highly advisable to use the least difficult to maintain and the least ambiguous method for
controlling access. Remember, that when you leave the scene someone else will need to provide assistance and
if that person finds too great a mess, or if they do not understand what you have done then there is risk of
Samba being removed and an alternative solution being adopted.
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
9459"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.2. User and Group Based Controls</b></p><table summary="User and Group Based Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2889516"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>admin users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
6925"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.2. User and Group Based Controls</b></p><table summary="User and Group Based Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2886982"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>admin users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of users who will be granted administrative privileges on the share.
They will do all file operations as the super-user (root).
Any user in this list will be able to do anything they like on the share,
irrespective of file permissions.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9546"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force group</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7012"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force group</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Specifies a UNIX group name that will be assigned as the default primary group
for all users connecting to this service.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9573"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7039"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Specifies a UNIX user name that will be assigned as the default user for all users connecting to this service.
This is useful for sharing files. Incorrect use can cause security problems.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9602"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7068"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
If this parameter is set for a service, then no password is required to connect to the service. Privileges will be
those of the guest account.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9629"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>invalid users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7095"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>invalid users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of users that should not be allowed to login to this service.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9655"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>only user</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7121"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>only user</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Controls whether connections with usernames not in the user list will be allowed.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9682"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read list</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7148"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read list</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of users that are given read-only access to a service. Users in this list
will not be given write access, no matter what the read only option is set to.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9710"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7176"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>username</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Refer to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page for more information - this is a complex and potentially misused parameter.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9743"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7208"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of users that should be allowed to login to this service.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9769"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write list</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7235"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write list</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of users that are given read-write access to a service.
- </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
9794"></a>File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id288
7260"></a>File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following file and directory permission based controls, if misused, can result in considerable difficulty to
diagnose the cause of mis-configuration. Use them sparingly and carefully. By gradually introducing each one by one
undesirable side-effects may be detected. In the event of a problem, always comment all of them out and then gradually
re-introduce them in a controlled fashion.
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
9815"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.3. File and Directory Permission Based Controls</b></p><table summary="File and Directory Permission Based Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2889870"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id288
7281"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.3. File and Directory Permission Based Controls</b></p><table summary="File and Directory Permission Based Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2887336"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Refer to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9902"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7367"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
The octal modes used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX directories.
See also: directory security mask.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9928"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filemode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7394"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filemode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Enabling this parameter allows a user who has write access to the file to modify the permissions on it.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9955"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force create mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7421"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force create mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that will always be set on a file created by Samba.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
9982"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id288
7447"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that will always be set on a directory created by Samba.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90010"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87476"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Controls UNIX permission bits modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating UNIX permissions on a directory
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90038"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87504"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Controls UNIX permission bits modified when a Windows NT client manipulates UNIX permissions.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90065"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide unreadable</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87530"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide unreadable</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Prevents clients from seeing the existence of files that cannot be read.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90091"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide unwriteable files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87557"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide unwriteable files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Prevents clients from seeing the existence of files that cannot be written to. Unwriteable directories are shown as usual.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90119"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87585"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
This parameter controls whether smbd will attempt to map UNIX permissions into Windows NT access control lists.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90146"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87611"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Controls UNIX permission bits modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX permissions on a file.
- </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
90173"></a>Miscellaneous Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
87639"></a>Miscellaneous Controls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following are documented because of the prevalence of administrators creating inadvertent barriers to file
access by not understanding the full implications of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file settings.
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id28
90195"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.4. Other Controls</b></p><table summary="Other Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id2890250"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>case sensitive</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2890264"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>default case</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2890278"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>short preserve case</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id28
87661"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 13.4. Other Controls</b></p><table summary="Other Controls" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Control Parameter</th><th align="center">Description - Action - Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id2887716"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>case sensitive</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2887730"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>default case</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2887744"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>short preserve case</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
This means that all file name lookup will be done in a case sensitive manner.
Files will be created with the precise filename Samba received from the MS Windows client.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90306"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>csc policy</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87772"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>csc policy</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Client Side Caching Policy - parallels MS Windows client side file caching capabilities.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90333"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dont descend</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87799"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dont descend</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Allows to specify a comma-delimited list of directories that the server should always show as empty.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90360"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filetime resolution</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87826"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filetime resolution</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++ when used against Samba shares.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90387"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filetimes</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87853"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos filetimes</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
DOS and Windows allows users to change file time stamps if they can write to the file. POSIX semantics prevent this.
This options allows DOS and Windows behaviour.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90416"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>fake oplocks</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87882"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>fake oplocks</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission from a server to locally cache file operations. If a server grants an
oplock then the client is free to assume that it is the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively cache file data.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90445"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide dot files</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2890460"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide files</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2890473"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>veto files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87912"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide dot files</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2887926"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hide files</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2887939"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>veto files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
Note: MS Windows Explorer allows over-ride of files marked as hidden so they will still be visible.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90500"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87966"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
If this parameter is yes, then users of a service may not create or modify files in the service's directory.
- </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
90527"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>veto files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
+ </p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><a class="indexterm" name="id28
87993"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>veto files</tt></i></td><td align="justify"><p>
List of files and directories that are neither visible nor accessible.
- </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
90553"></a>Access Controls on Shares</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
88020"></a>Access Controls on Shares</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section deals with how to configure Samba per share access control restrictions.
By default, Samba sets no restrictions on the share itself. Restrictions on the share itself
can be set on MS Windows NT4/200x/XP shares. This can be a very effective way to limit who can
for Samba's tdb files is under <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. If the <tt class="filename">tdbdump</tt>
utility has been compiled and installed on your system, then you can examine the contents of this file
by: <b class="userinput"><tt>tdbdump share_info.tdb</tt></b>.
- </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
90626"></a>Share Permissions Management</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
88092"></a>Share Permissions Management</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The best tool for the task is platform dependant. Choose the best tool for your environment.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
90639"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation/Server</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
88105"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation/Server</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The tool you need to use to manage share permissions on a Samba server is the NT Server Manager.
Server Manager is shipped with Windows NT4 Server products but not with Windows NT4 Workstation.
You can obtain the NT Server Manager for MS Windows NT4 Workstation from Microsoft - see details below.
</p></li><li><p>
Now click on the share that you wish to manage, then click on the <span class="guilabel">Properties</span> tab, next click on
the <span class="guilabel">Permissions</span> tab. Now you can add or change access control settings as you wish.
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
90722"></a>Windows 200x/XP</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
88188"></a>Windows 200x/XP</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
On <span class="application">MS Windows NT4/200x/XP</span> system access control lists on the share itself are set using native
tools, usually from file manager. For example, in Windows 200x: right click on the shared folder,
then select <span class="guimenuitem">Sharing</span>, then click on <span class="guilabel">Permissions</span>. The default
then effectively no user will be able to access the share. This is a result of what is known as
ACL precedence. ie: Everyone with <span class="emphasis"><em>no access</em></span> means that MaryK who is part of the group
<tt class="constant">Everyone</tt> will have no access even if this user is given explicit full control access.
- </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
90925"></a>MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890933"></a>Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
88391"></a>MS Windows Access Control Lists and UNIX Interoperability</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888399"></a>Managing UNIX permissions Using NT Security Dialogs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Windows NT clients can use their native security settings dialog box to view and modify the
underlying UNIX permissions.
</p><p>
When trying to figure out file access problems it is vitally important to find the identity of the Windows
user as it is presented by Samba at the point of file access. This can best be determined from the
Samba log files.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
90978"></a>Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
88444"></a>Viewing File Security on a Samba Share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
From an NT4/2000/XP client, single-click with the right mouse button on any file or directory in a Samba
mounted drive letter or UNC path. When the menu pops-up, click on the <span class="guilabel">Properties</span>
entry at the bottom of the menu. This brings up the file properties dialog box. Click on the tab
to add auditing requirements to a file if the user is logged on as the NT Administrator. This dialog is
non-functional with a Samba share at this time, as the only useful button, the <span class="guibutton">Add</span>
button will not currently allow a list of users to be seen.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
91057"></a>Viewing file ownership</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
88523"></a>Viewing file ownership</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Clicking on the <span class="guibutton">Ownership</span> button brings up a dialog box telling you who owns
the given file. The owner name will be of the form:
</p><p>
descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the GECOS field of the UNIX password database).
Click on the <span class="guibutton">Close </span> button to remove this dialog.
</p><p>
- If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2891120"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> is set to <tt class="constant">false</tt>
+ If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2888586"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> is set to <tt class="constant">false</tt>
then the file owner will be shown as the NT user <tt class="constant">"Everyone"</tt>.
</p><p>
The <span class="guibutton">Take Ownership</span> button will not allow you to change the ownership of this file to
There is an NT chown command that will work with Samba and allow a user with Administrator privilege connected
to a Samba server as root to change the ownership of files on both a local NTFS filesystem or remote mounted NTFS
or Samba drive. This is available as part of the <span class="application">Seclib</span> NT security library written
- by Jeremy Allison of the Samba-Team, available from the main Samba FTP site.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
91188"></a>Viewing File or Directory Permissions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ by Jeremy Allison of the Samba-Team, available from the main Samba FTP site.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
88655"></a>Viewing File or Directory Permissions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The third button is the <span class="guibutton">Permissions</span> button. Clicking on this brings up a dialog box
that shows both the permissions and the UNIX owner of the file or directory. The owner is displayed in the form:
</p><p><b class="command">"<i class="replaceable"><tt>SERVER</tt></i>\
<i class="replaceable"><tt>user</tt></i> is the user name of the UNIX user who owns the file, and
<i class="replaceable"><tt>(Long name)</tt></i> is the descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the
GECOS field of the UNIX password database).</p><p>
- If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2891254"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> is set to <tt class="constant">false</tt>
+ If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2888720"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> is set to <tt class="constant">false</tt>
then the file owner will be shown as the NT user <tt class="constant">"Everyone"</tt> and the permissions will be
shown as NT "Full Control".
</p><p>
The permissions field is displayed differently for files and directories, so I'll describe the way file permissions
are displayed first.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
91287"></a>File Permissions</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>The standard UNIX user/group/world triplet and
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
88753"></a>File Permissions</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>The standard UNIX user/group/world triplet and
the corresponding "read", "write", "execute" permissions
triplets are mapped by Samba into a three element NT ACL
with the 'r', 'w', and 'x' bits mapped into the corresponding
no permissions as having the NT <b class="command">"O"</b> bit set.
This was chosen of course to make it look like a zero, meaning
zero permissions. More details on the decision behind this will
- be given below.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
91379"></a>Directory Permissions</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>Directories on an NT NTFS file system have two
+ be given below.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id28
88845"></a>Directory Permissions</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>Directories on an NT NTFS file system have two
different sets of permissions. The first set of permissions
is the ACL set on the directory itself, this is usually displayed
in the first set of parentheses in the normal <tt class="constant">"RW"</tt>
inherited</tt> permissions that any file created within
this directory would inherit.</p><p>Samba synthesises these inherited permissions for NT by
returning as an NT ACL the UNIX permission mode that a new file
- created by Samba on this share would receive.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
91423"></a>Modifying file or directory permissions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Modifying file and directory permissions is as simple
+ created by Samba on this share would receive.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
88889"></a>Modifying file or directory permissions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Modifying file and directory permissions is as simple
as changing the displayed permissions in the dialog box, and
clicking the <span class="guibutton">OK</span> button. However, there are
limitations that a user needs to be aware of, and also interactions
with the standard Samba permission masks and mapping of DOS
- attributes that need to also be taken into account.</p><p>If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2891452"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i>
+ attributes that need to also be taken into account.</p><p>If the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2888918"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i>
is set to <tt class="constant">false</tt> then any attempt to set
security permissions will fail with an <span class="errorname">"Access Denied"
</span> message.</p><p>The first thing to note is that the <span class="guibutton">"Add"</span>
component and click the <span class="guibutton">Remove</span> button,
or set the component to only have the special <tt class="constant">Take
Ownership</tt> permission (displayed as <b class="command">"O"
- </b>) highlighted.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891583"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ </b>) highlighted.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889049"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>There are four parameters
to control interaction with the standard Samba create mask parameters.
These are :
- </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id28
91603"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2891620"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2891636"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2891653"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></p></li></ul></div><p>
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id28
89069"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2889086"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2889103"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2889120"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></p></li></ul></div><p>
</p><p>Once a user clicks <span class="guibutton">OK</span> to apply the
permissions Samba maps the given permissions into a user/group/world
r/w/x triplet set, and then will check the changed permissions for a
file against the bits set in the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2891683"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i> parameter. Any bits that
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2889150"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i> parameter. Any bits that
were changed that are not set to '1' in this parameter are left alone
- in the file permissions.</p><p>Essentially, zero bits in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2891704"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i>
+ in the file permissions.</p><p>Essentially, zero bits in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889171"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i>
mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span>
allowed to change, and one bits are those the user is allowed to change.
</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value as
- the <a class="indexterm" name="id2891730"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask</tt></i> parameter. To allow a user to modify all the
+ the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889196"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask</tt></i> parameter. To allow a user to modify all the
user/group/world permissions on a file, set this parameter
to 0777.</p><p>Next Samba checks the changed permissions for a file against
the bits set in the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2891751"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i> parameter. Any bits
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2889218"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode</tt></i> parameter. Any bits
that were changed that correspond to bits set to '1' in this parameter
are forced to be set.</p><p>Essentially, bits set in the <i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode
</tt></i> parameter may be treated as a set of bits that, when
modifying security on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value
- as the <a class="indexterm" name="id2891787"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force create mode</tt></i> parameter.
+ as the <a class="indexterm" name="id2889253"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force create mode</tt></i> parameter.
To allow a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file
- with no restrictions set this parameter to 000.</p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2891807"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i> and <i class="parameter"><tt>force
+ with no restrictions set this parameter to 000.</p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2889274"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask</tt></i> and <i class="parameter"><tt>force
security mode</tt></i> parameters are applied to the change
request in that order.</p><p>For a directory Samba will perform the same operations as
described above for a file except using the parameter <i class="parameter"><tt>
directory security mask</tt></i> instead of <i class="parameter"><tt>security
mask</tt></i>, and <i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode
</tt></i> parameter instead of <i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode
- </tt></i>.</p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2891869"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask</tt></i> parameter
+ </tt></i>.</p><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2889335"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask</tt></i> parameter
by default is set to the same value as the <i class="parameter"><tt>directory mask
</tt></i> parameter and the <i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security
mode</tt></i> parameter by default is set to the same value as
- the <a class="indexterm" name="id28
91900"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory mode</tt></i> parameter. </p><p>In this way Samba enforces the permission restrictions that
+ the <a class="indexterm" name="id28
89366"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory mode</tt></i> parameter. </p><p>In this way Samba enforces the permission restrictions that
an administrator can set on a Samba share, whilst still allowing users
to modify the permission bits within that restriction.</p><p>If you want to set up a share that allows users full control
in modifying the permission bits on their files and directories and
doesn't force any particular bits to be set 'on', then set the following
parameters in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file in that share specific section :
- </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask = 0777</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode = 0</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask = 0777</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
91979"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Samba maps some of the DOS attribute bits (such as "read
+ </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>security mask = 0777</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force security mode = 0</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>directory security mask = 0777</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force directory security mode = 0</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
89446"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Samba maps some of the DOS attribute bits (such as "read
only") into the UNIX permissions of a file. This means there can
be a conflict between the permission bits set via the security
dialog and the permission bits set by the file attribute mapping.
permissions and clicking <span class="guibutton">OK</span> to get back to the
attributes dialog you should always hit <span class="guibutton">Cancel</span>
rather than <span class="guibutton">OK</span> to ensure that your changes
- are not overridden.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
92060"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ are not overridden.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id28
89526"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
File, Directory and Share access problems are very common on the mailing list. The following
are examples taken from the mailing list in recent times.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
92074"></a>Users can not write to a public share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
89540"></a>Users can not write to a public share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
We are facing some troubles with file / directory permissions. I can log on the domain as admin user(root),
and there's a public share, on which everyone needs to have permission to create / modify files, but only
</p></div><p>
An alternative is to set in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> entry for the share:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force user = jack</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>force group = engr</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
92503"></a>I have set force user but Samba still makes <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> the owner of all the files I touch!</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- When you have a user in <a class="indexterm" name="id2892519"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>admin users</tt></i>, samba will always do file operations for
- this user as <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span>, even if <a class="indexterm" name="id2892539"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> has been set.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2555"></a>MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id28
89969"></a>I have set force user but Samba still makes <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> the owner of all the files I touch!</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ When you have a user in <a class="indexterm" name="id2889986"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>admin users</tt></i>, samba will always do file operations for
+ this user as <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span>, even if <a class="indexterm" name="id2890005"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> has been set.
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
0022"></a>MS Word with Samba changes owner of file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>Question:</em></span> “<span class="quote">When userB saves a word document that is owned by userA the updated file is now owned by userB.
Why is Samba doing this? How do I fix this?</span>”
</p><p>
</p><p>
These two settings will ensure that all directories and files that get created in the share will be read/writable by the
owner and group set on the directory itself.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="locking"></a>Chapter 14. File and Record Locking</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Roseme</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">HP Oplocks Usage Recommendations Whitepaper<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:eric.roseme@hp.com">eric.roseme@hp.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
2803">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892860">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893002">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893677">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893787">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894184">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894410">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894437">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894516">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894546">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894619">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894658">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894680">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894712">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="locking"></a>Chapter 14. File and Record Locking</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Roseme</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">HP Oplocks Usage Recommendations Whitepaper<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:eric.roseme@hp.com">eric.roseme@hp.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
0270">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890336">Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890479">Opportunistic Locking Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891158">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891268">Example Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891665">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891896">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891924">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892003">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892032">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892106">locking.tdb error messages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892144">Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892198">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></div><p>
One area which causes trouble for many network administrators is locking.
The extent of the problem is readily evident from searches over the internet.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2803"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
0270"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba provides all the same locking semantics that MS Windows clients expect
and that MS Windows NT4 / 200x servers provide also.
</p><p>
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Sometimes it is necessary to disable locking control settings BOTH on the Samba
server as well as on each MS Windows client!
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2860"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
0336"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are two types of locking which need to be performed by a SMB server.
The first is <span class="emphasis"><em>record locking</em></span> which allows a client to lock
a range of bytes in a open file. The second is the <span class="emphasis"><em>deny modes</em></span>
the <b class="command">rpc.lockd</b>. It is also almost always unnecessary as clients are supposed to
independently make locking calls before reads and writes anyway if locking is
important to them. By default Samba only makes locking calls when explicitly asked
-to by a client, but if you set <a class="indexterm" name="id2892927"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>strict locking</tt></i> = yes then it
+to by a client, but if you set <a class="indexterm" name="id2890404"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>strict locking</tt></i> = yes then it
will make lock checking calls on every read and write.
</p><p>
-You can also disable byte range locking completely using <a class="indexterm" name="id2892947"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>locking</tt></i> = no.
+You can also disable byte range locking completely using <a class="indexterm" name="id2890424"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>locking</tt></i> = no.
This is useful for those shares that don't support locking or don't need it
(such as cdroms). In this case Samba fakes the return codes of locking calls to
tell clients that everything is OK.
<tt class="constant">DENY_NONE</tt>, <tt class="constant">DENY_READ</tt>,
<tt class="constant">DENY_WRITE</tt> or <tt class="constant">DENY_ALL</tt>. There are also special compatibility
modes called <tt class="constant">DENY_FCB</tt> and <tt class="constant">DENY_DOS</tt>.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3002"></a>Opportunistic Locking Overview</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
0479"></a>Opportunistic Locking Overview</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Opportunistic locking (Oplocks) is invoked by the Windows file system
(as opposed to an API) via registry entries (on the server AND client)
for the purpose of enhancing network performance when accessing a file
should be given to opportunistic locking. Ideally, comprehensive
testing should be done with all affected applications with oplocks
enabled and disabled.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3304"></a>Exclusively Accessed Shares</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0780"></a>Exclusively Accessed Shares</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Opportunistic locking is most effective when it is confined to shares
that are exclusively accessed by a single user, or by only one user at
a time. Because the true value of opportunistic locking is the local
</p><p>
Home directories are the most obvious examples of where the performance
benefit of opportunistic locking can be safely realized.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3335"></a>Multiple-Accessed Shares or Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0805"></a>Multiple-Accessed Shares or Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As each additional user accesses a file in a share with opportunistic
locking enabled, the potential for delays and resulting perceived poor
performance increases. When multiple users are accessing a file on a
As each additional client attempts to access a file with oplocks set,
the potential performance improvement is negated and eventually results
in a performance bottleneck.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3363"></a>UNIX or NFS Client Accessed Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0834"></a>UNIX or NFS Client Accessed Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Local UNIX and NFS clients access files without a mandatory
file locking mechanism. Thus, these client platforms are incapable of
initiating an oplock break request from the server to a Windows client
</p><p>
If files are shared between Windows clients, and either local UNIX
or NFS users, then turn opportunistic locking off.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3390"></a>Slow and/or Unreliable Networks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0860"></a>Slow and/or Unreliable Networks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The biggest potential performance improvement for opportunistic locking
occurs when the client-side caching of reads and writes delivers the
most differential over sending those reads and writes over the wire.
If the network is slow, unreliable, or a WAN, then do not configure
opportunistic locking if there is any chance of multiple users
regularly opening the same file.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3423"></a>Multi-User Databases</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0894"></a>Multi-User Databases</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Multi-user databases clearly pose a risk due to their very nature -
they are typically heavily accessed by numerous users at random
intervals. Placing a multi-user database on a share with opportunistic
on the Samba server. Whether the database application is developed
in-house or a commercially available product, ensure that the share
has opportunistic locking disabled.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3444"></a>PDM Data Shares</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0914"></a>PDM Data Shares</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Process Data Management (PDM) applications such as IMAN, Enovia, and
Clearcase, are increasing in usage with Windows client platforms, and
therefore SMB data stores. PDM applications manage multi-user
appropriate to eliminate the client OS from any caching tasks, and the
server from any oplock management, by disabling opportunistic locking on
the share.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3471"></a>Beware of Force User</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-Samba includes an <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter called <a class="indexterm" name="id2893490"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> that changes
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
0942"></a>Beware of Force User</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Samba includes an <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter called <a class="indexterm" name="id2890960"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> that changes
the user accessing a share from the incoming user to whatever user is
defined by the smb.conf variable. If opportunistic locking is enabled
on a share, the change in user access causes an oplock break to be sent
</p><p>
Avoid the combination of the following:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2893526"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> share configuration.
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2891007"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>force user</tt></i> in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> share configuration.
</p></li><li><p>
Slow or unreliable networks
</p></li><li><p>
Opportunistic Locking Enabled
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3563"></a>Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
1044"></a>Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba provides opportunistic locking parameters that allow the
administrator to adjust various properties of the oplock mechanism to
account for timing and usage levels. These parameters provide good
versatility for implementing oplocks in environments where they would
likely cause problems. The parameters are:
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2893580"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break wait time</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2893594"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock contention limit</tt></i>.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2891061"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break wait time</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2891075"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock contention limit</tt></i>.
</p><p>
For most users, administrators, and environments, if these parameters
are required, then the better option is to simply turn oplocks off.
The samba SWAT help text for both parameters reads "DO NOT CHANGE THIS
PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE."
This is good advice.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3620"></a>Mission Critical High Availability</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
1101"></a>Mission Critical High Availability</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In mission critical high availability environments, data integrity is
often a priority. Complex and expensive configurations are implemented
to ensure that if a client loses connectivity with a file server, a
should be given to opportunistic locking. Ideally, comprehensive
testing should be done with all affected applications with oplocks
enabled and disabled.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
3677"></a>Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
1158"></a>Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Opportunistic Locking is a unique Windows file locking feature. It is
not really file locking, but is included in most discussions of Windows
file locking, so is considered a de facto locking feature.
</p><p>
Another factor to consider is the perceived performance of file access. If oplocks provide no
measurable speed benefit on your network, it might not be worth the hassle of dealing with them.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3787"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
1268"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In the following we examine two distinct aspects of Samba locking controls.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3800"></a>Disabling Oplocks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
1281"></a>Disabling Oplocks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can disable oplocks on a per-share basis with the following:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[acctdata]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>oplocks = False</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>level2 oplocks = False</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
</p><p>
If you are experiencing problems with oplocks as apparent from Samba's log entries,
you may want to play it safe and disable oplocks and level2 oplocks.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
3897"></a>Disabling Kernel OpLocks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id289
1378"></a>Disabling Kernel OpLocks</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Kernel OpLocks is an <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter that notifies Samba (if
the UNIX kernel has the capability to send a Windows client an oplock
break) when a UNIX process is attempting to open the file that is
enabled on a per-share basis, or globally for the entire server, in the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file:
</p><p>
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id289
3990"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 14.1. Share with some files oplocked</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>veto oplock files = /filename.htm/*.txt/</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share_name]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>veto oplock files = /*.exe/filename.ext/</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id289
1471"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 14.1. Share with some files oplocked</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>veto oplock files = /filename.htm/*.txt/</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share_name]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>veto oplock files = /*.exe/filename.ext/</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2894044"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break wait time</tt></i> is an <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter that adjusts the time
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2891525"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break wait time</tt></i> is an <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter that adjusts the time
interval for Samba to reply to an oplock break request. Samba
recommends "DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND
UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE." Oplock Break Wait Time can only be
Contention Limit can be enable on a per-share basis, or globally for
the entire server, in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file:
</p><p>
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id289
4131"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 14.2. </b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break contention limit = 2 (default)</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share_name]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break contention limit = 2 (default)</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4184"></a>MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id289
1612"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 14.2. </b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break contention limit = 2 (default)</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share_name]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>oplock break contention limit = 2 (default)</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
1665"></a>MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There is a known issue when running applications (like Norton Anti-Virus) on a Windows 2000/ XP
workstation computer that can affect any application attempting to access shared database files
across a network. This is a result of a default setting configured in the Windows 2000/XP
station holds any oplock on the file. Because the workstations can have no cached
writes or locks at this point, they need not respond to the break-to-none advisory;
all they need do is invalidate locally cashed read-ahead data.
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4410"></a>Workstation Service Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
1896"></a>Workstation Service Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\
CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanWorkstation\Parameters
</pre><p>
Indicates whether the redirector should use opportunistic-locking (oplock) performance
enhancement. This parameter should be disabled only to isolate problems.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4437"></a>Server Service Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
1924"></a>Server Service Entries</h3></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\
CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters
Specifies the time that the server waits for a client to respond to an oplock break
request. Smaller values can allow detection of crashed clients more quickly but can
potentially cause loss of cached data.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4516"></a>Persistent Data Corruption</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2003"></a>Persistent Data Corruption</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you have applied all of the settings discussed in this chapter but data corruption problems
and other symptoms persist, here are some additional things to check out:
</p><p>
same definition as the file to be rebuilt and transferring the data from the old file
to the new one. There are several known methods for doing this that can be found in
our Knowledge Base.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4546"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2032"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In some sites locking problems surface as soon as a server is installed, in other sites
locking problems may not surface for a long time. Almost without exception, when a locking
problem does surface it will cause embarrassment and potential data corruption.
report on https://bugzilla.samba.org without delay. Make sure that you give as much
information as you possibly can to help isolate the cause and to allow reproduction
of the problem (an essential step in problem isolation and correction).
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4619"></a>locking.tdb error messages</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2106"></a>locking.tdb error messages</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
We are seeing lots of errors in the samba logs like:
</span>”
</span>”
</p><p>
Corrupted tdb. Stop all instances of smbd, delete locking.tdb, restart smbd.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4658"></a>Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>This is a bug in Windows XP. More information can be
- found in <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/?id=812937" target="_top">Microsoft Knowledge Base article 812937</a>.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4680"></a>Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">It sometimes takes approximately 35 seconds to delete files over the network after XP SP1 has been applied</span>”</p><p>This is a bug in Windows XP. More information can be
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2144"></a>Problems saving files in MS Office on Windows XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>This is a bug in Windows XP. More information can be
+ found in <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/?id=812937" target="_top">Microsoft Knowledge Base article 812937</a>.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2167"></a>Long delays deleting files over network with XP SP1</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">It sometimes takes approximately 35 seconds to delete files over the network after XP SP1 has been applied</span>”</p><p>This is a bug in Windows XP. More information can be
found in <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/?id=811492" target="_top">
- Microsoft Knowledge Base article 811492</a>.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4712"></a>Additional Reading</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ Microsoft Knowledge Base article 811492</a>.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2198"></a>Additional Reading</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You may want to check for an updated version of this white paper on our Web site from
time to time. Many of our white papers are updated as information changes. For those papers,
the Last Edited date is always at the top of the paper.
</p><p>
Microsoft Knowledge Base Article Q129202 "PC Ext: Explanation of Opportunistic Locking on Windows NT",
Microsoft Corporation, April 1995, <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q129202" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q129202</a>.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="securing-samba"></a>Chapter 15. Securing Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 26, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
4878">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894910">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894983">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895003">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895102">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895162">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895230">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895287">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895375">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895433">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895457">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895476">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895500">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2894878"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="securing-samba"></a>Chapter 15. Securing Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 26, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
2365">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892398">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892471">Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892490">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892590">User based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892650">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892774">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892867">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2892926">Upgrading Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892950">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2892968">Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892992">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892365"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This note was attached to the Samba 2.2.8 release notes as it contained an
important security fix. The information contained here applies to Samba
installations in general.
Security concerns are just like that: You need to know a little about the subject to appreciate
how obvious most of it really is. The challenge for most of us is to discover that first morsel
of knowledge with which we may unlock the secrets of the masters.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4910"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2398"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are three level at which security principals must be observed in order to render a site
at least moderately secure. These are: the perimeter firewall, the configuration of the host
server that is running Samba, and Samba itself.
Another method by which Samba may be secured is by way of setting Access Control Entries in an Access
Control List on the shares themselves. This is discussed in the chapter on File, Directory and Share Access
Control.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4983"></a>Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2471"></a>Technical Discussion of Protective Measures and Issues</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The key challenge of security is the fact that protective measures suffice at best
only to close the door on known exploits and breach techniques. Never assume that
because you have followed these few measures that the Samba server is now an impenetrable
fortress! Given the history of information systems so far, it is only a matter of time
before someone will find yet another vulnerability.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5003"></a>Using host based protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2490"></a>Using host based protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In many installations of Samba the greatest threat comes for outside
your immediate network. By default Samba will accept connections from
any host, which means that if you run an insecure version of Samba on
a host that is directly connected to the Internet you can be
especially vulnerable.
</p><p>
- One of the simplest fixes in this case is to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2895024"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> and
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2895039"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> options in the Samba <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> configuration file to only
+ One of the simplest fixes in this case is to use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2892512"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> and
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2892526"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> options in the Samba <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> configuration file to only
allow access to your server from a specific range of hosts. An example
might be:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = 127.0.0.1 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.3.0/24</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/0</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
192.168.3. All other connections will be refused as soon
as the client sends its first packet. The refusal will be marked as a
<span class="errorname">not listening on called name</span> error.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5102"></a>User based protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2590"></a>User based protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you want to restrict access to your server to valid users only then the following
method may be of use. In the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section put:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users = @smbusers, jacko</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
What this does is, it restricts all server access to either the user <span class="emphasis"><em>jacko</em></span>
or to members of the system group <span class="emphasis"><em>smbusers</em></span>.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5162"></a>Using interface protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2650"></a>Using interface protection</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
By default Samba will accept connections on any network interface that
it finds on your system. That means if you have a ISDN line or a PPP
connection to the Internet then Samba will accept connections on those
connection refused reply. In that case no Samba code is run at all as
the operating system has been told not to pass connections from that
interface to any samba process.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5230"></a>Using a firewall</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2717"></a>Using a firewall</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Many people use a firewall to deny access to services that they don't
want exposed outside their network. This can be a very good idea,
although I would recommend using it in conjunction with the above
The last one is important as many older firewall setups may not be
aware of it, given that this port was only added to the protocol in
recent years.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5287"></a>Using a IPC$ share deny</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2774"></a>Using a IPC$ share deny</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If the above methods are not suitable, then you could also place a
more specific deny on the IPC$ share that is used in the recently
discovered security hole. This allows you to offer access to other
</p><p>
This is not recommended unless you cannot use one of the other
methods listed above for some reason.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5375"></a>NTLMv2 Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2867"></a>NTLMv2 Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To configure NTLMv2 authentication the following registry keys are worth knowing about:
</p><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
0x80000 - NTLMv2 session security. If either NtlmMinClientSec or
NtlmMinServerSec is set to 0x80000, the connection will fail if NTLMv2
session security is not negotiated.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5433"></a>Upgrading Samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2926"></a>Upgrading Samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Please check regularly on <a href="http://www.samba.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba.org/</a> for updates and
important announcements. Occasionally security releases are made and
it is highly recommended to upgrade Samba when a security vulnerability
is discovered. Check with your OS vendor for OS specific upgrades.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5457"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
2950"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If all of samba and host platform configuration were really as intuitive as one might like then this
section would not be necessary. Security issues are often vexing for a support person to resolve, not
because of the complexity of the problem, but for reason that most administrators who post what turns
out to be a security problem request are totally convinced that the problem is with Samba.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5476"></a>Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2968"></a>Smbclient works on localhost, but the network is dead</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This is a very common problem. Red Hat Linux (as do others) will install a default firewall.
With the default firewall in place only traffic on the loopback adapter (IP address 127.0.0.1)
will be allowed through the firewall.
</p><p>
The solution is either to remove the firewall (stop it) or to modify the firewall script to
allow SMB networking traffic through. See section above in this chapter.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5500"></a>Why can users access home directories of other users?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
2992"></a>Why can users access home directories of other users?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
We are unable to keep individual users from mapping to any other user's
home directory once they have supplied a valid password! They only need
the policies and permissions he or she desires.
</p><p>
Samba does allow the setup you require when you have set the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2895560"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>only user</tt></i> = yes option on the share, is that you have not set the
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2893052"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>only user</tt></i> = yes option on the share, is that you have not set the
valid users list for the share.
</p><p>
Note that only user works in conjunction with the users= list,
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users = %S</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
to the definition of the <i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i> share, as recommended in
the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="InterdomainTrusts"></a>Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Rafal</span> <span class="surname">Szczesniak</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org">mimir@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawing</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stephen</span> <span class="surname">Langasek</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
5790">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895819">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895908">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895935">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896007">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896054">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896233">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896417">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2896555">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896661">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2895770"></a><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="InterdomainTrusts"></a>Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Rafal</span> <span class="surname">Szczesniak</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org">mimir@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawing</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stephen</span> <span class="surname">Langasek</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
3283">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893311">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893400">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2893428">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893500">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893547">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2893725">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2893918">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2894055">NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894162">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2893263"></a><p>
Samba-3 supports NT4 style domain trust relationships. This is feature that many sites
will want to use if they migrate to Samba-3 from and NT4 style domain and do NOT want to
adopt Active Directory or an LDAP based authentication back end. This section explains
some background information regarding trust relationships and how to create them. It is now
possible for Samba-3 to trust NT4 (and vice versa), as well as to create Samba3-to-Samba3
trusts.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5790"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
3283"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 can participate in Samba-to-Samba as well as in Samba-to-MS Windows NT4 style
trust relationships. This imparts to Samba similar scalability as is possible with
MS Windows NT4.
modes, the administrator would be well advised to consider alternatives to the use of
Interdomain trusts simply because by the very nature of how this works it is fragile.
That was, after all, a key reason for the development and adoption of Microsoft Active Directory.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5819"></a>Trust Relationship Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
3311"></a>Trust Relationship Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows NT3.x/4.0 type security domains employ a non-hierarchical security structure.
The limitations of this architecture as it affects the scalability of MS Windows networking
in large organisations is well known. Additionally, the flat namespace that results from
an inherent feature of ADS domains. Samba-3 implements MS Windows NT4
style Interdomain trusts and interoperates with MS Windows 200x ADS
security domains in similar manner to MS Windows NT4 style domains.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5908"></a>Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
3400"></a>Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are two steps to creating an interdomain trust relationship. To effect a two-way trust
relationship it is necessary for each domain administrator to create a trust account for the
other domain to use in verifying security credentials.
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2895924"></a>
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5935"></a>Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2893417"></a>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3428"></a>Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
For MS Windows NT4, all domain trust relationships are configured using the
<span class="application">Domain User Manager</span>. This is done from the Domain User Manager Policies
entry on the menu bar. From the <span class="guimenu">Policy</span> menu, select
your domain. You will also need to enter a password for this trust relationship, which the
trusting domain will use when authenticating users from the trusted domain.
The password needs to be typed twice (for standard confirmation).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
6007"></a>Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2896018"></a>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3500"></a>Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2893511"></a>
A trust relationship will work only when the other (trusting) domain makes the appropriate connections
with the trusted domain. To consummate the trust relationship the administrator will launch the
Domain User Manager, from the menu select Policies, then select Trust Relationships, then click on the
<span class="guibutton">Add</span> button that is next to the box that is labelled
<span class="guilabel">Trusted Domains</span>. A panel will open in which must be entered the name of the remote
domain as well as the password assigned to that trust.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
6054"></a>Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2896062"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3547"></a>Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2893555"></a><p>
A two-way trust relationship is created when two one-way trusts are created, one in each direction.
Where a one-way trust has been established between two MS Windows NT4 domains (let's call them
DomA and DomB) the following facilities are created:
</p></li><li><p>
Global Groups from the trusted domain CAN be made members in Local Groups on
MS Windows domain member machines.
- </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
6233"></a>Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
3725"></a>Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This description is meant to be a fairly short introduction about how to set up a Samba server so
that it could participate in interdomain trust relationships. Trust relationship support in Samba
is in its early stage, so lot of things don't work yet.
(in the standard way as appropriate for your configuration) and see that account's name is
really RUMBA$ and it has the 'I' flag set in the flags field. Now you're ready to confirm
the trust by establishing it from Windows NT Server.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6356"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id289
3856"></a><p>
Open <span class="application">User Manager for Domains</span> and from the
<span class="guimenu">Policies</span> menu, select <span class="guimenuitem">Trust Relationships...</span>.
Right beside the <span class="guilabel">Trusted domains</span> list box press the
Press OK and, if everything went without incident, you will see
<tt class="computeroutput">Trusted domain relationship successfully
established</tt> message.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
6417"></a>Samba as the Trusting Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
3918"></a>Samba as the Trusting Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This time activities are somewhat reversed. Again, we'll assume that your domain
controlled by the Samba PDC is called SAMBA and NT-controlled domain is called RUMBA.
</p><p>
The very first step is to add an account for the SAMBA domain on RUMBA's PDC.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6438"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id289
3939"></a><p>
Launch the <span class="application">Domain User Manager</span>, then from the menu select
<span class="guimenu">Policies</span>, <span class="guimenuitem">Trust Relationships</span>.
Now, next to the <span class="guilabel">Trusted Domains</span> box press the <span class="guibutton">Add</span>
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Note that you have to run this command as root because you must have write access to
the <tt class="filename">secrets.tdb</tt> file.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
6555"></a>NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4055"></a>NT4-style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Although <span class="application">Domain User Manager</span> is not present in Windows 2000, it is
also possible to establish an NT4-style trust relationship with a Windows 2000 domain
controller running in mixed mode as the trusting server. It should also be possible for
after a moment, Active Directory will respond with <tt class="computeroutput">The trusted domain has
been added and the trust has been verified.</tt> Your Samba users can now be
granted acess to resources in the AD domain.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
6661"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4162"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Interdomain trust relationships should NOT be attempted on networks that are unstable
or that suffer regular outages. Network stability and integrity are key concerns with
distributed trusted domains.
</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="msdfs"></a>Chapter 17. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Shirish</span> <span class="surname">Kalele</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team & Veritas Software<br></span><div class="address"><p><br>
<tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org</a>></tt><br>
- </p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Jul 2000</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
6731">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897006">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2896731"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Jul 2000</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id289
4231">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894506">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2894231"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Distributed File System (or DFS) provides a means of separating the logical
view of files and directories that users see from the actual physical locations
of these resources on the network. It allows for higher availability, smoother
</p><p>
To enable SMB-based DFS for Samba, configure it with the <tt class="option">--with-msdfs</tt>
option. Once built, a Samba server can be made a DFS server by setting the global
- boolean <a class="indexterm" name="id2896778"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>host msdfs</tt></i>
+ boolean <a class="indexterm" name="id2894278"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>host msdfs</tt></i>
parameter in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file. You designate a share as a DFS
- root using the share level boolean <a class="indexterm" name="id2896800"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>msdfs root</tt></i> parameter. A DFS root directory on Samba hosts DFS
+ root using the share level boolean <a class="indexterm" name="id2894300"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>msdfs root</tt></i> parameter. A DFS root directory on Samba hosts DFS
links in the form of symbolic links that point to other servers. For example, a symbolic link
<tt class="filename">junction->msdfs:storage1\share1</tt> in the share directory acts
as the DFS junction. When DFS-aware clients attempt to access the junction link,
DFS trees on Samba work with all DFS-aware clients ranging from Windows 95 to 200x.
</p><p>
Here's an example of setting up a DFS tree on a Samba server.
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id289
6842"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 17.1. smb.conf with DFS configured</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>host msdfs = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[dfs]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export/dfsroot</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>msdfs root = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>In the /export/dfsroot directory we set up our DFS links to
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id289
4342"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 17.1. smb.conf with DFS configured</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = GANDALF</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>host msdfs = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[dfs]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export/dfsroot</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>msdfs root = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>In the /export/dfsroot directory we set up our DFS links to
other servers on the network.</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cd /export/dfsroot</tt></b>
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>chown root /export/dfsroot</tt></b>
network shares you want, and start Samba.</p><p>Users on DFS-aware clients can now browse the DFS tree
on the Samba server at \\samba\dfs. Accessing
links linka or linkb (which appear as directories to the client)
- takes users directly to the appropriate shares on the network.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
7006"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Windows clients need to be rebooted
+ takes users directly to the appropriate shares on the network.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4506"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Windows clients need to be rebooted
if a previously mounted non-dfs share is made a DFS
root or vice versa. A better way is to introduce a
new share and make it the DFS root.</p></li><li><p>Currently there's a restriction that msdfs
symlink names should all be lowercase.</p></li><li><p>For security purposes, the directory
acting as the root of the DFS tree should have ownership
and permissions set so that only designated users can
- modify the symbolic links in the directory.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="printing"></a>Chapter 18. Classical Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname"> Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 31, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2897126">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897192">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2897230">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897302">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2897853">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898017">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898105">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898438">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898769">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900032">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2900758">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901088">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901237">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901389">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901502">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901973">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902140">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902234">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902432">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
-rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904055">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904073">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904269">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904576">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904670">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904838">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904870">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905319">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905915">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
-different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id290
6013">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906300">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906377">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906398">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2906443">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906484">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906504">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906528">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906681">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907000">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907046">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907213">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907227">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907234">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907268">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2897126"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ modify the symbolic links in the directory.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="printing"></a>Chapter 18. Classical Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname"> Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 31, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2894626">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894693">Technical Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2894730">What happens if you send a Job from a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894801">Printing Related Configuration Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895354">A simple Configuration to Print</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2895518">Verification of "Settings in Use" with testparm</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2895606">A little Experiment to warn you</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2895939">Extended Sample Configuration to Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896270">Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897534">Print Commands</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898261">Setting up your own Print Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2898591">Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2898740">Client Drivers on Samba Server for Point'n'Print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2898892">The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899004">Creating the [print$] Share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899475">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2899643">Installing Drivers into [print$]</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2899736">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2899935">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
+rpcclient</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2901625">Client Driver Install Procedure</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2901643">The first Client Driver Installation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2901839">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902136">Further Client Driver Install Procedures</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902231">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2902399">Other Gotchas</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2902431">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2902874">Supporting large Numbers of Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903470">Weird Error Message Cannot connect under a
+different Name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id290
3569">Be careful when assembling Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903854">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2903932">Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2903954">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2903998">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904040">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904059">The Imprints Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904083">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2904236">Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904556">The addprinter command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904602">Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904779">Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904793">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904800">I give my root password but I don't get access</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2904834">My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2894626"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Printing is often a mission-critical service for the users. Samba can
provide this service reliably and seamlessly for a client network
consisting of Windows workstations.
commands given, bear in mind that Windows 2000 clients are very
similar, but may differ in details. Windows NT is somewhat different
again.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
7192"></a>Technical Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
4693"></a>Technical Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba's printing support always relies on the installed print
subsystem of the UNIX OS it runs on. Samba is a "middleman". It takes
printfiles from Windows (or other SMB) clients and passes them to the
</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Important</h3><p>CUPS users, be warned: don't just jump on to the next
chapter. You might miss important information contained only
here!</p></div><p>
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
7230"></a>What happens if you send a Job from a Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4730"></a>What happens if you send a Job from a Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To successfully print a job from a Windows client via a Samba
print server to a UNIX printer, there are 6 (potentially 7)
stages:
into Samba's spooling area</p></li><li><p>Windows closes the connection again</p></li><li><p>Samba invokes the print command to hand the file over
to the UNIX print subsystem's spooling area</p></li><li><p>The UNIX print subsystem processes the print
job</p></li><li><p>The printfile may need to be explicitly deleted
-from the Samba spooling area.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
7302"></a>Printing Related Configuration Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+from the Samba spooling area.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4801"></a>Printing Related Configuration Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a number of configuration parameters in
controlling Samba's printing
behaviour. Please also refer to the man page for smb.conf to
don't have a different setting defined for the same parameter, thus
overriding the global default).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Global Parameters</span></dt><dd><p>These <span class="emphasis"><em>may not</em></span> go into individual
shares. If they go in by error, the "testparm" utility can discover
-this (if you run it) and tell you so.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
7387"></a>Parameters Recommended for Use</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>The following <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameters directly
+this (if you run it) and tell you so.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
4888"></a>Parameters Recommended for Use</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>The following <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameters directly
related to printing are used in Samba. See also the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page for detailed explanations:
-</p><p>Global level parameters: <a class="indexterm" name="id2897417"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>addprinter command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897432"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897446"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>disable spoolss</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897460"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enumports command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897474"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897488"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq cache time</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897502"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os2 driver map</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897516"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2897530"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897543"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897558"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897572"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver</tt></i>.
-</p><p>Service level parameters: <a class="indexterm" name="id2897590"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897604"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897617"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897632"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897645"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897659"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897673"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>max print jobs</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897687"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>min print space</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897701"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897715"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2897729"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print ok </tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897742"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer name</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2897757"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897770"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897784"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = [cups|bsd|lprng...],
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897798"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queuepause command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897812"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queueresume command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2897826"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i>.
+</p><p>Global level parameters: <a class="indexterm" name="id2894917"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>addprinter command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2894932"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2894946"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>disable spoolss</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2894960"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enumports command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2894974"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2894988"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq cache time</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895002"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os2 driver map</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895016"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2895030"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895044"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895058"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895072"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver</tt></i>.
+</p><p>Service level parameters: <a class="indexterm" name="id2895090"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895104"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895118"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895132"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895146"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895160"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895174"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>max print jobs</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895188"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>min print space</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895202"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895216"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2895229"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print ok </tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895242"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer name</tt></i>, <a class="indexterm" name="id2895258"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895271"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895285"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = [cups|bsd|lprng...],
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895299"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queuepause command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895313"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queueresume command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2895327"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i>.
</p><p>
Samba's printing support implements the Microsoft Remote Procedure
Calls (MS-RPC) methods for printing. These are used by Windows NT (and
later) print servers. The old "LanMan" protocol is still supported as
a fallback resort, and for older clients to use. More details will
follow further beneath.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
7853"></a>A simple Configuration to Print</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5354"></a>A simple Configuration to Print</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Here is a very simple example configuration for print related settings
in the file. If you compare it with your own system's , you probably find some
additional parameters included there (as pre-configured by your OS
parameters. Note, that this example doesn't use many parameters.
However, in many environments these are enough to provide a valid
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file which enables all clients to print.
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id289
7881"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 18.1. Simple configuration with BSD printing</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = bsd</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id289
5382"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 18.1. Simple configuration with BSD printing</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = bsd</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
This is only an example configuration. Samba assigns default values to all
configuration parameters. On the whole the defaults are conservative and
sensible. When a parameter is specified in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file this overwrites
instead of "browseable"). Most spelling is case-insensitive. Also, you
can use "Yes|No" or "True|False" for boolean settings. Lists of names
may be separated by commas, spaces or tabs.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
8017"></a>Verification of "Settings in Use" with <b class="command">testparm</b></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5518"></a>Verification of "Settings in Use" with <b class="command">testparm</b></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To see all (or at least most) printing related settings in Samba,
including the implicitly used ones, try the command outlined below
(hit "ENTER" twice!). It greps for all occurrences of "lp", "print",
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> testparm in samba 3 behaves differently from 2.2.x: used
without the "-v" switch it only shows you the settings actually
written into ! To see the complete
-configuration used, add the "-v" parameter to testparm.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
8105"></a>A little Experiment to warn you</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+configuration used, add the "-v" parameter to testparm.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
5606"></a>A little Experiment to warn you</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Should you need to troubleshoot at any stage, please always come back
to this point first and verify if "testparm" shows the parameters you
expect! To give you an example from personal experience as a warning,
-try to just "comment out" the <a class="indexterm" name="id2898120"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i>"
+try to just "comment out" the <a class="indexterm" name="id2895621"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i>"
parameter. If your 2.2.x system behaves like mine, you'll see this:
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt>grep "load printers" /etc/samba/smb.conf
</pre><p>
Only when setting the parameter explicitly to
-"<a class="indexterm" name="id2898214"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i> = No"
+"<a class="indexterm" name="id2895714"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i> = No"
would Samba recognize my intentions. So my strong advice is:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Never rely on "commented out" parameters!</p></li><li><p>Always set it up explicitly as you intend it to
behave.</p></li><li><p>Use <b class="command">testparm</b> to uncover hidden
will regard the whole of the string after the "="
sign as the value you want to define. And this is an invalid value
that will be ignored, and a default value used instead.]
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
8438"></a>Extended Sample Configuration to Print</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
5939"></a>Extended Sample Configuration to Print</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In <a href="#extbsdpr" title="Example 18.2. Extended configuration with BSD printing">the extended BSD configuration example</a> we show a more verbose example configuration for print related
settings in BSD-printing style environment . Below is a discussion
and explanation of the various parameters. We chose to use BSD-style
root use the <b class="command">testparm</b>
utility. <b class="command">testparm</b> also gives warnings if you have
mis-configured certain things..
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
8769"></a>Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id289
6270"></a>Detailed Explanation of the Example's Settings</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Following is a discussion of the settings from above shown example.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
8782"></a>The [global] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
6282"></a>The [global] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section is one of 4 special
sections (along with [<i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i>,
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> and
avoid setting the same value repeatedly. (Within each individual
section or share you may however override these globally set "share
level" settings and specify other values).
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
8846"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd</span></dt><dd><p> this causes Samba to use default print commands
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6338"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd</span></dt><dd><p> this causes Samba to use default print commands
applicable for the BSD (a.k.a. RFC 1179 style or LPR/LPD) printing
system. In general, the "printing" parameter informs Samba about the
print subsystem it should expect. Samba supports CUPS, LPD, LPRNG,
SYSV, HPUX, AIX, QNX and PLP. Each of these systems defaults to a
-different <a class="indexterm" name="id2898872"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> (and other queue control
-commands).</p><div class="caution" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Caution</h3><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2898892"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter is
+different <a class="indexterm" name="id2896364"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> (and other queue control
+commands).</p><div class="caution" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Caution</h3><p>The <a class="indexterm" name="id2896384"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter is
normally a service level parameter. Since it is included here in the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section, it will take effect for all
printer shares that are not defined differently. Samba 3 no longer
-supports the SOFTQ printing system.</p></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
8921"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> this tells Samba to create automatically all
+supports the SOFTQ printing system.</p></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6413"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> this tells Samba to create automatically all
available printer shares. "Available" printer shares are discovered by
scanning the printcap file. All created printer shares are also loaded
for browsing. If you use this parameter, you do not need to specify
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> section. (A <i class="parameter"><tt>load printers
= no</tt></i> setting will allow you to specify each UNIX printer
you want to share separately, leaving out some you don't want to be
-publicly visible and available). </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
8970"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i> = yes </span></dt><dd><p> this setting is normally
+publicly visible and available). </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6462"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i> = yes </span></dt><dd><p> this setting is normally
enabled by default (even if the parameter is not written into the
). It makes the <span class="guiicon">Add Printer Wizard</span> icon
show up in the <span class="guiicon">Printers</span> folder of the Samba host's
drivers to the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share and associate it
with a printer (if the respective queue exists there before the
action), or exchange a printer's driver against any other previously
-uploaded driver. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9039"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i> = 100</span></dt><dd><p> this setting sets the upper limit to 100 print jobs
+uploaded driver. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6532"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>total print jobs</tt></i> = 100</span></dt><dd><p> this setting sets the upper limit to 100 print jobs
being active on the Samba server at any one time. Should a client
submit a job which exceeds this number, a “<span class="quote">no more space
available on server</span>” type of error message will be returned by
Samba to the client. A setting of "0" (the default) means there is
<span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span> limit at all!
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9078"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name</tt></i> = /etc/printcap</span></dt><dd><p> this tells Samba where to look for a list of
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6570"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name</tt></i> = /etc/printcap</span></dt><dd><p> this tells Samba where to look for a list of
available printer names. (If you use CUPS, make sure that a printcap
file is written: this is controlled by the "Printcap" directive of
<tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt>).
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9112"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> = @ntadmin</span></dt><dd><p> members of the ntadmin group should be able to add
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6604"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> = @ntadmin</span></dt><dd><p> members of the ntadmin group should be able to add
drivers and set printer properties ("ntadmin" is only an example name,
it needs to be a valid UNIX group name); root is implicitly always a
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2899136"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>. The "@" sign precedes group names in
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2896628"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>. The "@" sign precedes group names in
. A printer admin can do anything to
printers via the remote administration interfaces offered by MS-RPC
-(see below). Note that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899153"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>
+(see below). Note that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2896646"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>
parameter is normally a share level parameter, so you may associate
different groups to different printer shares in larger installations,
-if you use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899170"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> parameter on the
+if you use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2896661"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> parameter on the
share levels).
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9188"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq cache time</tt></i> = 20</span></dt><dd><p> this controls the cache time for the results of the
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6681"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq cache time</tt></i> = 20</span></dt><dd><p> this controls the cache time for the results of the
lpq command. It prevents the lpq command being called too often and
reduces load on a heavily used print server.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9215"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> if set to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, this setting only
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6707"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>use client driver</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> if set to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, this setting only
takes effect for Win NT/2k/XP clients (and not for Win 95/98/ME). Its
default value is <tt class="constant">No</tt> (or <tt class="constant">False</tt>).
It must <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> be enabled on print shares
(with a <tt class="constant">yes</tt> or <tt class="constant">true</tt> setting) which
have valid drivers installed on the Samba server! For more detailed
explanations see the man page of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.
-</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
9274"></a>The [printers] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
6767"></a>The [printers] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This is the second special section. If a section with this name
appears in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>, users are able to
connect to any printer specified in the Samba host's printcap file,
should apply as default to all printers. (For more details see the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page.) Settings inside this
container must be share level parameters.
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2899316"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = All printers</span></dt><dd><p> the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899336"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> is shown next to
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2896809"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = All printers</span></dt><dd><p> the <a class="indexterm" name="id2896828"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> is shown next to
the share if a client queries the server, either via <span class="guiicon">Network
Neighbourhood</span> or with the <b class="command">net view</b> command to list
available shares.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9369"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> please note well, that the
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6862"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> please note well, that the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> service <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> be
declared as printable. If you specify otherwise, smbd will refuse to
load at startup. This parameter allows
connected clients to open, write to and submit spool files into the
-directory specified with the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899403"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> parameter for
+directory specified with the <a class="indexterm" name="id2896896"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> parameter for
this service. It is used by Samba to differentiate printer shares from
-file shares. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9424"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba</span></dt><dd><p>this must point to a directory used by Samba to spool
+file shares. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6916"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba</span></dt><dd><p>this must point to a directory used by Samba to spool
incoming print files. <span class="emphasis"><em>It must not be the same as the spool
directory specified in the configuration of your UNIX print
subsystem!</em></span> The path would typically point to a directory
which is world writeable, with the "sticky" bit set to it.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9457"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> this is always set to <tt class="constant">no</tt> if
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2899481"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes. It makes the
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
6949"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> this is always set to <tt class="constant">no</tt> if
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2896973"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes. It makes the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printer]</tt></i> share itself invisible in the
list of available shares in a <b class="command">net view</b> command or
in the Explorer browse list. (Note that you will of course see the
individual printers).
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9515"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7007"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>
if set to <tt class="constant">yes</tt>, then no password is required to
connect to the printers service. Access will be granted with the
-privileges of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899541"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i>. On many systems the
+privileges of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2897033"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest account</tt></i>. On many systems the
guest account will map to a user named "nobody". This user is in the UNIX
passwd file with an empty password, but with no valid UNIX login.
(Note: on some systems the guest account might not have the
privilege to be able to print. Test this by logging in as your
guest user using <b class="command">su - guest</b> and run a system print
command like
-</p><p><b class="userinput"><tt>lpr -P printername /etc/motd</tt></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2899582"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>public</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> this is a synonym for <a class="indexterm" name="id2899602"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes. Since we have <a class="indexterm" name="id2899616"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes,
+</p><p><b class="userinput"><tt>lpr -P printername /etc/motd</tt></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897074"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>public</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> this is a synonym for <a class="indexterm" name="id2897094"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes. Since we have <a class="indexterm" name="id2897108"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes,
it really doesn't need to be here! (This leads to the interesting
question: “<span class="quote">What, if I by accident have to contradictory settings
for the same share?</span>” The answer is: the last one encountered by
share! You can test this by setting up multiple lines for the "guest
account" parameter with different usernames, and then run testparm to
see which one is actually used by Samba.)
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9647"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>this normally (for other types of shares) prevents
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7139"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>this normally (for other types of shares) prevents
users creating or modifying files in the service's directory. However,
in a "printable" service, it is <span class="emphasis"><em>always</em></span> allowed to
write to the directory (if user privileges allow the connection), but
only via print spooling operations. "Normal" write operations are not
-allowed. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9681"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>
-synonym for <a class="indexterm" name="id2899700"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes
-</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
9717"></a>Any [my_printer_name] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+allowed. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7173"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>
+synonym for <a class="indexterm" name="id2897193"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes
+</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id289
7210"></a>Any [my_printer_name] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If a section appears in the , which is
-tagged as <a class="indexterm" name="id2899729"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes, Samba presents it as
+tagged as <a class="indexterm" name="id2897220"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes, Samba presents it as
a printer share to its clients. Note, that Win95/98/ME clients may
have problems with connecting or loading printer drivers if the share
name has more than 8 characters! Also be very careful if you give a
to find file shares with that name first; if it finds one, it will
connect to this and will never ultimately connect to a printer with
the same name!
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9759"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = Printer with Restricted Access</span></dt><dd><p> the comment says it all.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9784"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba_my_printer</span></dt><dd><p> here we set the spooling area for this printer to
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7262"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = Printer with Restricted Access</span></dt><dd><p> the comment says it all.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7287"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba_my_printer</span></dt><dd><p> here we set the spooling area for this printer to
another directory than the default. It is not a requirement to set it
differently, but the option is available.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9811"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> = kurt</span></dt><dd><p> the printer admin definition is different for this
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7314"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> = kurt</span></dt><dd><p> the printer admin definition is different for this
explicitly defined printer share from the general
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> share. It is not a requirement; we
did it to show that it is possible if you want it.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9844"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> we also made this printer browseable (so that the
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7347"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p> we also made this printer browseable (so that the
clients may conveniently find it when browsing the <span class="guiicon">Network
Neighbourhood</span>).
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9877"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>see explanation in last subsection.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9901"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>see explanation in last subsection.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9925"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> = 10.160.50.,10.160.51.</span></dt><dd><p>here we exercise a certain degree of access control
-by using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899947"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2899960"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> parameters. Note, that
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7380"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printable</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>see explanation in last subsection.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7403"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>see explanation in last subsection.
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7427"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> = 10.160.50.,10.160.51.</span></dt><dd><p>here we exercise a certain degree of access control
+by using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2897449"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2897463"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> parameters. Note, that
this is not by any means a safe bet. It is not a way to secure your
printers. This line accepts all clients from a certain subnet in a
first evaluation of access control
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
9982"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> = turbo_xp,10.160.50.23,10.160.51.60</span></dt><dd><p>all listed hosts are not allowed here (even if they
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id289
7484"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> = turbo_xp,10.160.50.23,10.160.51.60</span></dt><dd><p>all listed hosts are not allowed here (even if they
belong to the "allowed subnets"). As you can see, you could name IP
addresses as well as NetBIOS hostnames
here.
-</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
900008"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>this printer is not open for the guest account!
-</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
900032"></a>Print Commands</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
897510"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p>this printer is not open for the guest account!
+</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
897534"></a>Print Commands</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In each section defining a printer (or in the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> section), a <i class="parameter"><tt>print
command</tt></i> parameter may be defined. It sets a command to
process the files which have been placed into the Samba print spool
directory for that printer. (That spool directory was, if you
-remember, set up with the <a class="indexterm" name="id2900061"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>
+remember, set up with the <a class="indexterm" name="id2897564"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>
parameter). Typically, this command will submit the spool file to the
Samba host's print subsystem, using the suitable system print
command. But there is no requirement that this needs to be the
make sure you pay attention to the need to remove the files from the
Samba spool directory. Otherwise your hard disk may soon suffer from
shortage of free space.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
900090"></a>Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
897592"></a>Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You learned earlier on, that Samba in most cases uses its built-in
settings for many parameters if it can not find an explicitly stated
one in its configuration file. The same is true for the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2900103"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>. The default print command varies
-depending on the <a class="indexterm" name="id2900120"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2897606"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>. The default print command varies
+depending on the <a class="indexterm" name="id2897622"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter
setting. In the commands listed below, you will notice some parameters
of the form <span class="emphasis"><em>%X</em></span> where <span class="emphasis"><em>X</em></span> is
<span class="emphasis"><em>p, s, J</em></span> etc. These letters stand for
"printername", "spoolfile" and "job ID" respectively. They are
explained in more detail further below. Here is an overview (excluding
the special case of CUPS, which is discussed in the next chapter):
-</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">If this setting is active...</th><th align="left">...this is used in lieu of an explicit command:</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
900198"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lpr -r -P%p %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900228"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lp -c -P%p %s; rm %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900261"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lp -r -P%p -s %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900291"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpq -P%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900322"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpstat -o%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900352"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpq -P%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900382"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">lprm -P%p %j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900413"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">cancel %p-%j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900444"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">cancel %p-%j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900474"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lppause command is <b class="command">lp -i %p-%j -H hold</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900505"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lppause command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900530"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lppause command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900556"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lpresume command is <b class="command">lp -i %p-%j -H resume</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900587"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lpresume command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2900612"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lpresume command (...is empty)</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">If this setting is active...</th><th align="left">...this is used in lieu of an explicit command:</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
897700"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lpr -r -P%p %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897731"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lp -c -P%p %s; rm %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897762"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">print command is <b class="command">lp -r -P%p -s %s</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897794"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpq -P%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897824"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpstat -o%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897855"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lpq command is <b class="command">lpq -P%p</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897885"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">lprm -P%p %j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897916"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">cancel %p-%j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897947"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lprm command is <b class="command">cancel %p-%j</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2897977"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lppause command is <b class="command">lp -i %p-%j -H hold</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2898008"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lppause command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2898033"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lppause command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2898058"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd|aix|lprng|plp</td><td align="left">lpresume command is <b class="command">lp -i %p-%j -H resume</b></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2898090"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv|hpux</td><td align="left">lpresume command (...is empty)</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><a class="indexterm" name="id2898115"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = qnx</td><td align="left">lpresume command (...is empty)</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
We excluded the special CUPS case here, because it is discussed in the
next chapter. Just a short summary. For <i class="parameter"><tt>printing =
CUPS</tt></i>: If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, it uses the
CUPS API to submit jobs, etc. (It is a good idea also to set
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2900650"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups in case your
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2898153"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups in case your
<tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> is set to write its autogenerated
printcap file to an unusual place). Otherwise Samba maps to the System
V printing commands with the -oraw option for printing, i.e. it uses
adequate and actually works for your installed print subsystem. It is
always a good idea to explicitly set up your configuration files the
way you want them to work and not rely on any built-in defaults.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
900758"></a>Setting up your own Print Commands</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
898261"></a>Setting up your own Print Commands</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
After a print job has finished spooling to a service, the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2900770"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> will be used by Samba via a
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2898273"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> will be used by Samba via a
<span class="emphasis"><em>system()</em></span> call to process the spool file. Usually
the command specified will submit the spool file to the host's
printing subsystem. But there is no requirement at all that this must
include a UNIX environment variable <i class="parameter"><tt>$variable</tt></i>
in or in the Samba print command is
<i class="parameter"><tt>%$variable</tt></i>.) To give you a working
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2900989"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> example, the following will log a
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2898492"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> example, the following will log a
print job to <tt class="filename">/tmp/print.log</tt>, print the file, then
remove it. Note that ';' is the usual separator for commands in shell
scripts:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>print command = echo Printing %s >> /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
You may have to vary your own command considerably from this example
depending on how you normally print files on your system. The default
-for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2901038"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> parameter varies depending on the setting of
-the <a class="indexterm" name="id2901055"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter. Another example is:
-</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
901088"></a>Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+for the <a class="indexterm" name="id2898541"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> parameter varies depending on the setting of
+the <a class="indexterm" name="id2898557"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter. Another example is:
+</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
898591"></a>Innovations in Samba Printing since 2.2</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before version 2.2.0, Samba's print server support for Windows clients
was limited to the level of <span class="emphasis"><em>LanMan</em></span> printing
calls. This is the same protocol level as Windows 9x PCs offer when
"Print" permissions to the well-known <span class="emphasis"><em>Everyone</em></span>
group. (The older clients of type Win9x can only print to "shared"
printers).
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
901237"></a>Client Drivers on Samba Server for <span class="emphasis"><em>Point'n'Print</em></span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
898740"></a>Client Drivers on Samba Server for <span class="emphasis"><em>Point'n'Print</em></span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There is still confusion about what all this means: <span class="emphasis"><em>Is it or
is it not a requirement for printer drivers to be installed on a Samba
host in order to support printing from Windows clients?</em></span> The
format the printer (or the UNIX print system) requires. Print files
received by Samba are handed over to the UNIX printing system, which
is responsible for all further processing, if needed.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
901389"></a>The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p><b>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
898892"></a>The [printer$] Section is removed from Samba 3</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p><b>
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> vs. <i class="parameter"><tt>[printer$]</tt></i>
. </b>
Versions of Samba prior to 2.2 made it possible to use a share
down- and uploads. Don't fear -- this does not mean Windows 9x
clients are thrown aside now. They can use Samba's
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share support just fine.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
901502"></a>Creating the [print$] Share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
899004"></a>Creating the [print$] Share</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In order to support the up- and downloading of printer driver files,
you must first configure a file share named
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>. The "public" name of this share is
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> file share (of course, some of the
parameter values, such as 'path' are arbitrary and should be replaced
with appropriate values for your site):
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id2
901544"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 18.3. [print\$] example</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># members of the ntadmin group should be able to add drivers and set</td></tr><tr><td># printer properties. root is implicitly always a 'printer admin'.</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = @ntadmin</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Printer Driver Download Area</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /etc/samba/drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>write list = @ntadmin, root</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id2
899046"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 18.3. [print\$] example</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># members of the ntadmin group should be able to add drivers and set</td></tr><tr><td># printer properties. root is implicitly always a 'printer admin'.</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = @ntadmin</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Printer Driver Download Area</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /etc/samba/drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>write list = @ntadmin, root</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
Of course, you also need to ensure that the directory named by the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2901670"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> parameter exists on the UNIX file system.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
901686"></a>Parameters in the [print$] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2899172"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> parameter exists on the UNIX file system.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
899189"></a>Parameters in the [print$] Section</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> is a special section in
. It contains settings relevant to
potential printer driver download and local installation by clients.
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2901714"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = Printer Driver
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2899217"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>comment</tt></i> = Printer Driver
Download Area</span></dt><dd><p> the comment appears next to the share name if it is
listed in a share list (usually Windows clients won't see it often but
it will also appear up in a <b class="command">smbclient -L sambaserver
-</b> output). </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
901749"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /etc/samba/printers</span></dt><dd><p> this is the path to the location of the Windows
+</b> output). </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
899252"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /etc/samba/printers</span></dt><dd><p> this is the path to the location of the Windows
driver file deposit from the UNIX point of
-view.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
901775"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> this makes the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share
+view.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
899277"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable</tt></i> = no</span></dt><dd><p> this makes the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share
"invisible" in Network Neighbourhood to clients. However, you can
still "mount" it from any client using the <b class="command">net use
g:\\sambaserver\print$</b> command in a "DOS box" or the
"Connect network drive" menu from Windows
-Explorer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
901816"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>this gives read only access to this share for all
+Explorer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
899319"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>this gives read only access to this share for all
guest users. Access may be used to download and install printer
drivers on clients. The requirement for <i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok =
yes</tt></i> depends upon how your site is configured. If users
session), then guest access is not necessary. Of course, in a
workgroup environment where you just want to be able to print without
worrying about silly accounts and security, then configure the share
-for guest access. You'll probably want to add <a class="indexterm" name="id2901863"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = Bad User in the
+for guest access. You'll probably want to add <a class="indexterm" name="id2899365"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = Bad User in the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section
as well. Make sure you understand what this parameter does before
using it.
-</p></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
901890"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>as we don't want everybody to upload driver files (or
+</p></div></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
899392"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read only</tt></i> = yes</span></dt><dd><p>as we don't want everybody to upload driver files (or
even change driver settings) we tagged this share as not
-writeable.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
901916"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write list</tt></i> = @ntadmin,root</span></dt><dd><p>since the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> was made
+writeable.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id2
899418"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write list</tt></i> = @ntadmin,root</span></dt><dd><p>since the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> was made
read only by the previous setting, we need to create a "write list"
also. UNIX groups (denoted with a leading "@" character) and users
listed here are allowed write access (as an exception to the general
accounts in this setting. Check the file system permissions to make
sure these accounts can copy files to the share. If this is a non-root
account, then the account should also be mentioned in the global
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2901953"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin </tt></i> parameter. See the
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2899455"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin </tt></i> parameter. See the
man page for more information on
-configuring file shares. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
901973"></a>Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+configuring file shares. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
899475"></a>Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In order for a Windows NT print server to support the downloading of
driver files by multiple client architectures, you must create several
subdirectories within the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> service
-(i.e. the UNIX directory named by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2901993"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>
+(i.e. the UNIX directory named by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899495"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>
parameter). These correspond to each of the supported client
architectures. Samba follows this model as well. Just like the name of
the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share itself, the subdirectories
Once you have located the server, navigate to its <span class="guiicon">Printers and
Faxes</span> folder. You should see an initial listing of printers
that matches the printer shares defined on your Samba host.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
902140"></a>Installing Drivers into [print$]</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
899643"></a>Installing Drivers into [print$]</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You have successfully created the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>
share in ? And Samba has re-read its
configuration? Good. But you are not yet ready to take off. The
from any Windows NT/2k/XP client workstation.</p></li></ul></div><p>
The latter option is probably the easier one (even if the only
entrance to this realm seems a little bit weird at first).
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
902234"></a>Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
899736"></a>Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's
<span class="guiicon">Printers</span> folder accessed from a client's Explorer
will have no real printer driver assigned to them. By default
you are familiar with in Windows (we assume here that you are
familiar with the printer driver installations procedure on Windows
NT). Make sure your connection is in fact setup as a user with
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2902368"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> privileges (if in doubt, use
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2899872"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> privileges (if in doubt, use
<b class="command">smbstatus</b> to check for this). If you wish to
install printer drivers for client operating systems other than
<span class="application">Windows NT x86</span>, you will need to use the
<span class="guilabel">Sharing</span> tab of the printer properties dialog.
</p><p>
Assuming you have connected with an administrative (or root) account
-(as named by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2902410"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> parameter),
+(as named by the <a class="indexterm" name="id2899914"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> parameter),
you will also be able to modify other printer properties such as ACLs
and default device settings using this dialog. For the default device
settings, please consider the advice given further below.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2902432"></a>Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899935"></a>Setting Drivers for existing Printers with
<b class="command">rpcclient</b></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The second way to install printer drivers into
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> and set them up in a valid way can be
subcommand.</p></li></ol></div><p>
We will provide detailed hints for each of these steps in the next few
paragraphs.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
2540"></a>Identifying the Driver Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
0043"></a>Identifying the Driver Files</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To find out about the driver files, you have two options: you could
investigate the driver CD which comes with your printer. Study the
<tt class="filename">*.inf</tt> file on the CD, if it is contained. This
drivers (if this is enabled by the Admin), its native mode for printer
drivers is User Mode execution. This requires drivers designed for
this. These type of drivers install into the "3" subdirectory.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2902865"></a>Collecting the Driver Files from a Windows Host's
+</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2900368"></a>Collecting the Driver Files from a Windows Host's
[print$] Share</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Now we need to collect all the driver files we identified. in our
previous step. Where do we get them from? Well, why not retrieve them
complete, we can run <b class="command">smbclient ... put</b> to store
the collected files on the Samba server's
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
3015"></a>Depositing the Driver Files into [print$]</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
0518"></a>Depositing the Driver Files into [print$]</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
So, now we are going to put the driver files into the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share. Remember, the UNIX path to this
share has been defined previously in your
don't forget to also put the files for the Win95/98/ME architecture
into the <tt class="filename">WIN40/</tt> subdirectory should you need
them).
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
3206"></a>Check if the Driver Files are there (with smbclient)</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
0731"></a>Check if the Driver Files are there (with smbclient)</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
For now we verify that our files are there. This can be done with
<b class="command">smbclient</b> too (but of course you can log in via SSH
also and do this through a standard UNIX shell access too):
are something special, namely <span class="emphasis"><em>printer driver
files</em></span> and it doesn't know yet to which print queue(s) these
driver files belong.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2903366"></a>Running <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2900890"></a>Running <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with
<b class="command">adddriver</b></h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
So, next you must tell Samba about the special category of the files
you just uploaded into the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share. This
Hints about the syntax of the adddriver command are in the man
page. The CUPS printing chapter of this HOWTO collection provides a
more detailed description, if you should need it.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2903466"></a>Check how Driver Files have been moved after
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2900990"></a>Check how Driver Files have been moved after
<b class="command">adddriver</b> finished</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
One indication for Samba's recognition of the files as driver files is
the <tt class="computeroutput">successfully installed</tt> message.
</pre><p>
Another verification is that the timestamp of the printing TDB files
is now updated (and possibly their filesize has increased).
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
3590"></a>Check if the Driver is recognized by Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
1159"></a>Check if the Driver is recognized by Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Now the driver should be registered with Samba. We can easily verify
this, and will do so in a moment. However, this driver is
<span class="emphasis"><em>not yet</em></span> associated with a particular
<span class="application">Windows NT 4.0 or 2000</span>. To
have it present for <span class="application">Windows 95, 98 and ME</span> you'll
have to repeat the whole procedure with the WIN40 architecture and subdirectory.
-</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
3793"></a>A side note: you are not bound to specific driver names</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id290
1363"></a>A side note: you are not bound to specific driver names</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can name the driver as you like. If you repeat the
<b class="command">adddriver</b> step, with the same files as before, but
with a different driver name, it will work the same:
respective subdirectories. So you <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> precede an
<b class="command">smbclient ... put</b> command before each
<b class="command">rpcclient ... adddriver</b>" command.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2903904"></a>Running <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2901473"></a>Running <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with
<b class="command">setdriver</b></h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba still needs to know <span class="emphasis"><em>which</em></span> printer's driver
this is. It needs to create a mapping of the driver to a printer, and
Samba already. A bug in 2.2.x prevented Samba from recognizing freshly
installed printers. You had to restart Samba, or at least send a HUP
signal to all running smbd processes to work around this:
-<b class="userinput"><tt>kill -HUP `pidof smbd`</tt></b>. </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4055"></a>Client Driver Install Procedure</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<b class="userinput"><tt>kill -HUP `pidof smbd`</tt></b>. </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
1625"></a>Client Driver Install Procedure</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A famous philosopher said once: “<span class="quote">The Proof of the Pudding lies
in the Eating</span>”. The proof for our setup lies in the printing.
So let's install the printer driver onto the client PCs. This is not
as straightforward as it may seem. Read on.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4073"></a>The first Client Driver Installation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
1643"></a>The first Client Driver Installation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Especially important is the installation onto the first client PC (for
each architectural platform separately). Once this is done correctly,
all further clients are easy to setup and shouldn't need further
</p><p>
You must now make sure that a valid "Device Mode" is set for the
driver. Don't fear -- we will explain now what that means.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4269"></a>IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
1839"></a>IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In order for a printer to be truly usable by a Windows NT/2K/XP
client, it must possess:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a valid <span class="emphasis"><em>Device Mode</em></span> generated by
2k/XP) client, as is discussed in the next paragraphs.
</p><p>
Be aware, that a valid Device Mode can only be initiated by a
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2904365"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>, or root (the reason should be
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2901935"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>, or root (the reason should be
obvious). Device Modes can only correctly be set by executing the
printer driver program itself. Since Samba can not execute this Win32
platform driver code, it sets this field initially to NULL (which is
parameter with caution. It is always better to have the client
generate a valid device mode for the printer and store it on the
server for you.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4576"></a>Further Client Driver Install Procedures</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
2136"></a>Further Client Driver Install Procedures</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Every further driver may be done by any user, along the lines
described above: Browse network, open printers folder on Samba server,
right-click printer and choose <span class="guimenuitem">Connect...</span>. Once
You can enter the commands either inside a <span class="guilabel">DOS box</span> window
or in the <span class="guimenuitem">Run command...</span> field from the
<span class="guimenu">Start</span> menu.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4670"></a>Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
2231"></a>Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
After you installed the driver on the Samba server (in its
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share, you should always make sure
that your first client installation completes correctly. Make it a habit for
yourself to build that the very first connection from a client as
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2904692"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>. This is to make sure that:
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2902252"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>. This is to make sure that:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> a first valid <span class="emphasis"><em>Device Mode</em></span> is
really initialized (see above for more explanation details), and
that</p></li><li><p> the default print settings of your printer for all
seconds, click on <span class="guibutton">Printing Defaults...</span> and
proceed to set the job options as should be used as defaults by all
clients. Alternatively, instead of root you can name one other member
-of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2904809"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> from the setting.
+of the <a class="indexterm" name="id2902370"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> from the setting.
</p><p>
Now all the other users downloading and installing the driver
the same way (called <span class="emphasis"><em>Point'n'Print</em></span>) will
have the same defaults set for them. If you miss this step you'll
get a lot of helpdesk calls from your users. But maybe you like to
talk to people.... ;-)
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4838"></a>Other Gotchas</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
2399"></a>Other Gotchas</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Your driver is installed. It is ready for
<span class="emphasis"><em>Point'n'Print</em></span> installation by the clients
now. You <span class="emphasis"><em>may</em></span> have tried to download and use it
printer, as advised in the preceding paragraphs? And your users
complain about various issues (such as “<span class="quote">We need to set the paper
size for each job from Letter to A4 and it won't store it!</span>”)
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4870"></a>Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
2431"></a>Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The last sentence might be viewed with mixed feelings by some users and
admins. They have struggled for hours and hours and couldn't arrive at
a point were their settings seemed to be saved. It is not their
C.1.-6. will permanently save any settings which will then become the
defaults for new users. If you want all clients to have the same
defaults, you need to conduct these steps as administrator
-(<a class="indexterm" name="id2905156"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> in )
+(<a class="indexterm" name="id2902717"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> in )
<span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span> a client downloads the driver (the clients
can later set their own <span class="emphasis"><em>per-user defaults</em></span> by
following the procedures <span class="emphasis"><em>A.</em></span>
button (the one which doesn't set system-wide defaults). You can
start the commands from inside a DOS box" or from the <span class="guimenu">Start</span>
-- <span class="guimenuitem">Run...</span> menu.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
5319"></a>Supporting large Numbers of Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
2874"></a>Supporting large Numbers of Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
One issue that has arisen during the recent development phase of Samba
is the need to support driver downloads for 100's of printers. Using
Windows NT APW here is somewhat awkward (to say the least). If you
<b class="command">setdriver</b> command succeeded, all is well. (The
CUPS Printing chapter has more info about the installation of printer
drivers with the help of <b class="command">rpcclient</b>).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
5621"></a>Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
3177"></a>Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
By default, Samba exhibits all printer shares defined in
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> in the
<span class="guiicon">Printers...</span> folder. Also located in this folder
if:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>...the connected user is able to successfully execute
an <b class="command">OpenPrinterEx(\\server)</b> with administrative
-privileges (i.e. root or <a class="indexterm" name="id2905667"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>).
+privileges (i.e. root or <a class="indexterm" name="id2903223"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>).
</p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> Try this from a Windows 2K/XP DOS box command prompt:
</p><p><b class="userinput"><tt>
runas /netonly /user:root rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /p /t0 /n \\<i class="replaceable"><tt>SAMBA-SERVER</tt></i>\<i class="replaceable"><tt>printersharename</tt></i>
</tt></b></p><p>
and click on <span class="guibutton">Printing Preferences...</span>
</p></div></li><li><p>... contains the setting
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2905722"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i> = yes (the
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2903277"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i> = yes (the
default).</p></li></ul></div><p>
The APW can do various things:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>upload a new driver to the Samba
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share;</p></li><li><p>associate an uploaded driver with an existing (but
still "driverless") print queue;</p></li><li><p>exchange the currently used driver for an existing
print queue with one that has been uploaded before;</p></li><li><p>add an entirely new printer to the Samba host (only in
-conjunction with a working <a class="indexterm" name="id2905779"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i>;
-a corresponding <a class="indexterm" name="id2905795"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>delete printer command</tt></i> for
+conjunction with a working <a class="indexterm" name="id2903334"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i>;
+a corresponding <a class="indexterm" name="id2903350"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>delete printer command</tt></i> for
removing entries from the <span class="guiicon">Printers...</span> folder
may be provided too)</p></li></ul></div><p>
The last one (add a new printer) requires more effort than the
previous ones. In order to use the APW to successfully add a printer
-to a Samba server, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2905824"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i> must
+to a Samba server, the <a class="indexterm" name="id2903380"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i> must
have a defined value. The program hook must successfully add the
printer to the UNIX print system (i.e. to
<tt class="filename">/etc/printcap</tt>,
command</tt></i> and reparse to the
to attempt to locate the new printer share. If the share is still not
defined, an error of <span class="errorname">Access Denied</span> is
-returned to the client. Note that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2905874"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i> is executed under the context of the connected
-user, not necessarily a root account. A <a class="indexterm" name="id2905891"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user may have connected you unwittingly under the wrong
+returned to the client. Note that the <a class="indexterm" name="id2903429"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>add printer command</tt></i> is executed under the context of the connected
+user, not necessarily a root account. A <a class="indexterm" name="id2903446"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user may have connected you unwittingly under the wrong
privilege; you should check it by using the
<b class="command">smbstatus</b> command.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2905915"></a>Weird Error Message <span class="errorname">Cannot connect under a
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2903470"></a>Weird Error Message <span class="errorname">Cannot connect under a
different Name</span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Once you are connected with the wrong credentials, there is no means
to reverse the situation other than to close all Explorer windows, and
connect - and this times it works! Windows seems to cache connection
info somewhere and doesn't keep it up to date (if you are unlucky you
might need to reboot to get rid of the error message).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6013"></a>Be careful when assembling Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
3569"></a>Be careful when assembling Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You need to be very careful when you take notes about the files and
belonging to a particular driver. Don't confuse the files for driver
version "0" (for Win95/98/ME, going into
you must be very careful to select the correct driver files for each
driver version. Don't rely on the names alone. Don't interchange files
belonging to different driver versions.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6300"></a>Samba and Printer Ports</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
3854"></a>Samba and Printer Ports</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each
printer. These normally take the form of <tt class="filename">LPT1:</tt>,
<tt class="filename">COM1:</tt>, <tt class="filename">FILE:</tt>, etc. Samba
If you require that multiple ports be defined for some reason or
another (“<span class="quote">My users and my Boss should not know that they are
working with Samba</span>”), possesses a
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2906359"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enumports command</tt></i> which can be used to define
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2903913"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>enumports command</tt></i> which can be used to define
an external program that generates a listing of ports on a system.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6377"></a>Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
3932"></a>Avoiding the most common Misconfigurations of the Client Driver</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
So - printing works, but there are still problems. Most jobs print
well, some don't print at all. Some jobs have problems with fonts,
which don't look good at all. Some jobs print fast, and some are
dead-slow. We can't cover it all; but we want to encourage you to read
the little paragraph about "Avoiding the wrong PostScript Driver
Settings" in the CUPS Printing part of this document.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
6398"></a>The Imprints Toolset</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
3954"></a>The Imprints Toolset</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the
Windows NT Add Printer Wizard. For complete information, please
refer to the Imprints web site
toolset is still in usable form; but only for a series of older
printer models, where there are prepared packages to use. Packages for
more up to date print devices are needed if Imprints should have a
-future.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6443"></a>What is Imprints?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+future.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
3998"></a>What is Imprints?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting these goals:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Providing a central repository information regarding
Windows NT and 95/98 printer driver packages</p></li><li><p>Providing the tools necessary for creating the
Imprints printer driver packages.</p></li><li><p>Providing an installation client which will obtain
printer drivers from a central internet (or intranet) Imprints Server
repository and install them on remote Samba and Windows NT4 print
-servers.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6484"></a>Creating Printer Driver Packages</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+servers.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4040"></a>Creating Printer Driver Packages</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond the scope of
this document (refer to Imprints.txt also included with the Samba
distribution for more information). In short, an Imprints driver
package is a gzipped tarball containing the driver files, related INF
files, and a control file needed by the installation client.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6504"></a>The Imprints Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4059"></a>The Imprints Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Imprints server is really a database server that may be queried
via standard HTTP mechanisms. Each printer entry in the database has
an associated URL for the actual downloading of the package. Each
package downloaded is actually the one referred in the Imprints
database. It is strongly recommended that this security check
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> be disabled.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6528"></a>The Installation Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4083"></a>The Installation Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
More information regarding the Imprints installation client is
available in the <tt class="filename">Imprints-Client-HOWTO.ps</tt> file
included with the imprints source package.
The way of sidestepping this limitation is to require that all
Imprints printer driver packages include both the Intel Windows NT and
95/98 printer drivers and that NT driver is installed first.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
6681"></a>Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4236"></a>Add Network Printers at Logon without User Interaction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following MS Knowledge Base article may be of some help if you
need to handle Windows 2000 clients: <span class="emphasis"><em>How to Add Printers
with No User Interaction in Windows 2000.</em></span> ( <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;189105" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;189105</a>
added, changed, and deleted at will on the server with no user
intervention required on the clients (you just need to keep the logon
scripts up to date).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7000"></a>The <b class="command">addprinter</b> command</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4556"></a>The <b class="command">addprinter</b> command</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <b class="command">addprinter</b> command can be configured to be a
shell script or program executed by Samba. It is triggered by running
the APW from a client against the Samba print server. The APW asks the
on more modern systems) and create the associated share in
, then the APW will in effect really
create a new printer on Samba and the UNIX print subsystem!
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7046"></a>Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4602"></a>Migration of "Classical" printing to Samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The basic "NT-style" printer driver management has not changed
considerably in 3.0 over the 2.2.x releases (apart from many small
improvements). Here migration should be quite easy, especially if you
<a href="http://imprints.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">http://imprints.sourceforge.net/</a>
</p><p>
for an example. See also the discussion of rpcclient usage in the
-"CUPS Printing" section.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7213"></a>Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+"CUPS Printing" section.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4779"></a>Publishing Printer Information in Active Directory or LDAP</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
We will publish an update to this section shortly.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7227"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2907234"></a>I give my root password but I don't get access</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
4793"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2904800"></a>I give my root password but I don't get access</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Don't confuse the root password which is valid for the UNIX system
(and in most cases stored in the form of a one-way hash in a file
named <tt class="filename">/etc/shadow</tt>) with the password used to
root to access Samba resources via Samba-type access, a Samba account
for root must be created first. This is often done with the
<b class="command">smbpasswd</b> command.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7268"></a>My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
4834"></a>My printjobs get spooled into the spooling directory, but then get lost</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Don't use the existing UNIX print system spool directory for the Samba
spool directory. It may seem convenient and a saving of space, but it
only leads to problems. The two <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> be separate.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CUPS-printing"></a>Chapter 19. CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ciprian</span> <span class="surname">Vizitiu</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (3 June 2003) </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2907403">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907410">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907453">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907507">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907841">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908362">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2908382">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908431">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908485">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908552">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2908865">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
-with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909441">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909567">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909654">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909760">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2909959">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910315">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910493">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910595">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910704">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910875">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910938">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911090">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911562">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911576">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911630">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911697">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911929">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912410">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912731">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912872">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2912949">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2912965">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913020">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913201">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
-Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913432">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913594">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913643">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913717">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913734">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
-Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913768">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913789">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913833">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
-Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913895">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913913">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914014">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914516">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914656">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914689">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
-WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915714">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915798">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915877">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916097">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
-Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916423">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916536">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916644">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918418">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918497">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918559">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918617">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918890">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919583">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920055">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920098">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920162">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920202">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920282">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920392">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920463">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920510">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920525">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920734">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920792">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921030">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921088">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921154">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
-Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921434">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921535">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921542">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921558">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
- neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921604">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
- message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921660">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
- from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921914">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
- "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921967">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
- NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921981">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
- a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922010">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922027">Win2K/XP "Local Security
- Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922043">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
- printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922065">"Print Change Notify" functions on
- NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922084">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922126">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922400">Most common blunders in driver
- settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922445">cupsaddsmb does not work
- with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922506">Permissions on
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CUPS-printing"></a>Chapter 19. CUPS Printing Support in Samba 3.0</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Kurt</span> <span class="surname">Pfeifle</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Danka Deutschland GmbH <br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ciprian</span> <span class="surname">Vizitiu</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:CVizitiu@gbif.org">CVizitiu@gbif.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawings</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (3 June 2003) </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2904970">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2904977">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905020">Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905074">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905408">Simple smb.conf Settings for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2905929">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2905949">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2905999">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906051">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906119">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2906432">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
+with PostScript Driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt><a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907029">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907154">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907241">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907348">CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2907545">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2907903">Filter Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908080">Prefilters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908183">pstops</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908292">pstoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908476">imagetops and imagetoraster</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908539">rasterto [printers specific]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2908691">CUPS Backends</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909176">The Complete Picture</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909191">mime.convs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909245">"Raw" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909312">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909544">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910018">Examples for filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910331">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910470">Printing with Interface Scripts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910560">Network printing (purely Windows)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910577">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910632">Driver Execution on the Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2910813">Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
+Servers)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911043">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911206">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911255">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911328">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911345">Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
+Problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911379">Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911400">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911445">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
+Mode</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2911506">Setting up CUPS for driver Download</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2911524">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911625">Prepare your smb.conf for cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912128">Recognize the different Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912268">Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912301">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
+WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913264">How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913349">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913427">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2913646">Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
+Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2913973">A Check of the rpcclient man Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914086">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914186">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2915962">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916041">Binary Format</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916103">Losing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2916162">Using tdbbackup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2916436">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917129">foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2917602">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2917645">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917708">Correct and incorrect Accounting</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917748">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917829">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2917938">Possible Shortcomings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918010">Future Developments</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918058">Other Accounting Tools</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918072">Additional Material</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918267">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2918326">CUPS Configuration Settings explained</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918564">Manual Configuration</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2918622">In Case of Trouble.....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918682">Printing from CUPS to Windows attached
+Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2918955">More CUPS filtering Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2796634">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2796642">Win9x client can't install driver</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919061">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
+ neverending loop</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919107">"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
+ message while PPD file is present</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919163">Client can't connect to Samba printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919497">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
+ from Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919582">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
+ "wrong" user</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919635">Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
+ NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919649">Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
+ a PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919678">Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919695">Win2K/XP "Local Security
+ Policies"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919711">WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
+ printers for all local users"</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919733">"Print Change Notify" functions on
+ NT-clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919752">WinXP-SP1</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2919794">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920067">Most common blunders in driver
+ settings on Windows clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920114">cupsaddsmb does not work
+ with newly installed printer</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920175">Permissions on
/var/spool/samba/ get reset after each
-reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922615">Printer named "lp"
+reboot</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920284">Printer named "lp"
intermittently swallows jobs and spits out completely different
-ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id292
2646">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922701">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2907403"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2907410"></a>Features and Benefits</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ones</a></dt><dt><a href="#id292
0314">Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2920369">An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2904970"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2904977"></a>Features and Benefits</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Common UNIX Print System (<a href="http://www.cups.org/" target="_top">CUPS</a>) has become very popular. All
major Linux distributions now ship it as their default printing
system. To many it is still a very mystical tool. Mostly, it
from the beginning. This documentation will lead you to a
complete understanding of CUPS. Let's start with the most basic
things first.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7453"></a>Overview</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
5020"></a>Overview</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS is more than just a print spooling system. It is a complete
printer management system that complies with the new IPP
(<span class="emphasis"><em>Internet Printing Protocol</em></span>). IPP is an industry
argue that CUPS is better! In any case, let us now move on to
explore how one may configure CUPS for interfacing with MS Windows
print clients via Samba.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7507"></a>Basic Configuration of CUPS support</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
5074"></a>Basic Configuration of CUPS support</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Printing with CUPS in the most basic <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> setup in Samba 3.0 (as was true for 2.2.x) only needs two
- settings: <a class="indexterm" name="id2907526"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups and
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907540"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups. CUPS does not need a printcap file.
+ settings: <a class="indexterm" name="id2905093"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups and
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905107"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups. CUPS does not need a printcap file.
However, the <tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> configuration file knows of two related directives that control
how such a file will be automatically created and maintained by CUPS for the convenience of third party
applications (example: <i class="parameter"><tt>Printcap /etc/printcap</tt></i> and <i class="parameter"><tt>PrintcapFormat BSD</tt></i>).
print. Make sure CUPS is set to generate and maintain a printcap file! For details see
<b class="command">man cupsd.conf</b> and other CUPS-related documentation, like the wealth of documents on your CUPS server
itself: <a href="http://localhost:631/documentation.html" target="_top">http://localhost:631/documentation.html</a>.
- </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7600"></a>Linking of smbd with libcups.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
5167"></a>Linking of smbd with libcups.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba has a very special relationship to CUPS. Samba can be compiled with CUPS library support.
Most recent installations have this support enabled. Per default CUPS linking is compiled
into smbd and other Samba binaries. Of course, you can use CUPS even
there are some differences in required or supported configuration
then.
</p><p>
- When Samba is compiled against libcups, <a class="indexterm" name="id2907630"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups
+ When Samba is compiled against libcups, <a class="indexterm" name="id2905197"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups
uses the CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, query queues, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V
commands with an additional <b class="command">-oraw</b> option for printing. On a Linux
system, you can use the <b class="command">ldd</b> utility to find out details (ldd may not be present on
is set, then <span class="emphasis"><em>any otherwise manually set print command in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is ignored</em></span>.
This is an important point to remember!
</p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p> Should it be necessary, for any reason, to set your own print commands, you can do this by setting
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907724"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv. However, you will loose all the benefits
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905291"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv. However, you will loose all the benefits
of tight CUPS/Samba integration. When you do this you must manually configure the printing system commands
- (most important: <a class="indexterm" name="id2907741"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>; other commands are
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907755"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907769"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907783"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907796"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2907811"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queuepause command</tt></i> and
- <a class="indexterm" name="id290
7825"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queue resume command</tt></i>).</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2907841"></a>Simple <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> Settings for CUPS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ (most important: <a class="indexterm" name="id2905308"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>; other commands are
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905322"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905336"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905350"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905364"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2905378"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queuepause command</tt></i> and
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id290
5392"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>queue resume command</tt></i>).</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2905408"></a>Simple <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> Settings for CUPS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To summarize, here is the simplest printing-related setup for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to enable basic CUPS support:
- </p><div class="example"><a name="id290
7869"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.1. Simplest printing-related smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root, @ntadmins</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="id290
5436"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.1. Simplest printing-related smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root, @ntadmins</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
This is all you need for basic printing setup for CUPS. It will print
all Graphic, Text, PDF and PostScript file submitted from Windows
clients. However, most of your Windows users would not know how to
printer is not a PostScript device, the print data stream is "binary",
sensible only for the target printer. Read on to learn which problem
this may cause and how to avoid it.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908016"></a>More complex <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> Settings for
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2905584"></a>More complex <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> Settings for
CUPS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Here is a slightly more complex printing-related setup
for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. It enables general CUPS printing
support for all printers, but defines one printer share which is set
up differently.
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id290
8047"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.2. Overriding global CUPS settings for one printer</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root, @ntadmins</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[special_printer]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = A special printer with his own settings</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba-special</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = sysv</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap = lpstat</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>print command = echo "NEW: `date`: printfile %f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; \</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>echo " `date`: p-%p s-%s f-%f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; \</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>echo " `date`: j-%j J-%J z-%z c-%c" >> /tmp/smbprn.log : rm %f</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = kurt</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = 0.0.0.0</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = turbo_xp, 10.160.50.23, 10.160.51.60</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id290
5615"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.2. Overriding global CUPS settings for one printer</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root, @ntadmins</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[special_printer]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = A special printer with his own settings</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba-special</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = sysv</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap = lpstat</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>print command = echo "NEW: `date`: printfile %f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; \</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>echo " `date`: p-%p s-%s f-%f" >> /tmp/smbprn.log ; \</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>echo " `date`: j-%j J-%J z-%z c-%c" >> /tmp/smbprn.log : rm %f</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = kurt</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = 0.0.0.0</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = turbo_xp, 10.160.50.23, 10.160.51.60</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
This special share is only there for testing purposes. It does not write the print job to a file. It just logs the job parameters
known to Samba into the <tt class="filename">/tmp/smbprn.log</tt> file and deletes the jobfile. Moreover, the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2908312"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> of this share is "kurt" (not the "@ntadmins" group);
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2905879"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> of this share is "kurt" (not the "@ntadmins" group);
guest access is not allowed; the share isn not published to the Network Neighbourhood (so you need to know it is there), and it only
allows access from only three hosts. To prevent CUPS kicking in and taking over the print jobs for that share, we need to set
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2908332"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv and
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2908345"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = lpstat.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
8362"></a>Advanced Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2905899"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv and
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2905912"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = lpstat.
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
5929"></a>Advanced Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before we delve into all the configuration options, let us clarify a few
points. <span class="emphasis"><em>Network printing needs to be organized and setup
correctly</em></span>. Often this is not done correctly. Legacy systems
or small business LAN environments often lack design and good housekeeping.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
8382"></a>Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2908391"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2908402"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
5949"></a>Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2905958"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2905970"></a><p>
Many small office or home networks, as well as badly organized larger
environments, allow each client a direct access to available network
printers. This is generally a bad idea. It often blocks one client's
central system, which responds immediately, takes jobs from multiple
concurrent clients at the same time and in turn transfers them to the
printer(s) in the correct order.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908431"></a>CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8441"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2908450"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2905999"></a>CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6008"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906017"></a><p>
Most traditionally configured UNIX print servers acting on behalf of
Samba's Windows clients represented a really simple setup. Their only
task was to manage the "raw" spooling of all jobs handed to them by
printer. Clients need to run the vendor-provided drivers to do
this. In this case CUPS will NOT do any print file format conversion
work.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
8485"></a>Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6051"></a>Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The printer drivers on the Windows clients may be installed
in two functionally different ways:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>manually install the drivers locally on each client,
one by one; this yields the old <span class="emphasis"><em>LanMan</em></span> style
printing; it uses a <tt class="filename">\\sambaserver\printershare</tt>
type of connection.</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2908527"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2906094"></a>
deposit and prepare the drivers (for later download) on
the print server (Samba); this enables the clients to use
"Point and Print" to get drivers semi-automatically installed the
clients use the <span class="emphasis"><em>SPOOLSS/MS-RPC</em></span>
type printing calls.</p></li></ul></div><p>
The second method is recommended for use over the first.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908552"></a>Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-<span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span>!</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8565"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2906119"></a>Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+<span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span>!</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6132"></a><p>
If you use the first option (drivers are installed on the client
side), there is one setting to take care of: CUPS needs to be told
that it should allow "raw" printing of deliberate (binary) file
</pre><p>
In <tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</tt>,
have this line:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8633"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6200"></a><pre class="screen">
application/octet-stream application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -
</pre><p>
If these two files are not set up correctly for raw Windows client
<tt class="filename">mime.types</tt> file does not
<span class="emphasis"><em>enforce</em></span> "raw" printing, it only
<span class="emphasis"><em>allows</em></span> it.
-</p></div><p><b>Background. </b><a class="indexterm" name="id2908698"></a>
+</p></div><p><b>Background. </b><a class="indexterm" name="id2906266"></a>
CUPS being a more security-aware printing system than traditional ones
does not by default allow a user to send deliberate (possibly binary)
data to printing devices. This could be easily abused to launch a
locally installed. If you are not interested in background information about
more advanced CUPS/Samba printing, simply skip the remaining sections
of this chapter.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
8739"></a>Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2908747"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6306"></a>Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2906315"></a><p>
If you want to use the MS-RPC type printing, you must upload the
drivers onto the Samba server first (<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>
share). For a discussion on how to deposit printer drivers on the
"Point'n'Print") please also refer to the previous chapter of this
HOWTO Collection. There you will find a description or reference to
three methods of preparing the client drivers on the Samba server:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8775"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the GUI, "Add Printer Wizard"
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6342"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the GUI, "Add Printer Wizard"
<span class="emphasis"><em>upload-from-a-Windows-client</em></span>
method;</p></li><li><p>the commandline, "smbclient/rpcclient"
<span class="emphasis"><em>upload-from-a-UNIX-workstation</em></span>
method;</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2908813"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2906380"></a>
the <span class="emphasis"><em>Imprints</em></span> Toolset
method.</p></li></ul></div><p>
These 3 methods apply to CUPS all the same. A new and more
convenient way to load the Windows drivers into Samba is provided
if you use CUPS:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8834"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6402"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>
utility.</p></li></ul></div><p>
cupsaddsmb is discussed in much detail further below. But we will
first explore the CUPS filtering system and compare the Windows and
UNIX printing architectures.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908865"></a>Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
-with PostScript Driver Download</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8874"></a><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2906432"></a>Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
+with PostScript Driver Download</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6442"></a><p>
Are you still following this? Good. Let's go into more detail then. We now know
how to set up a "dump" printserver, that is, a server which is spooling
printjobs "raw", leaving the print data untouched.
What follows is the comparison of some fundamental concepts for
Windows and UNIX printing; then is the time for a description of the
CUPS filtering system, how it works and how you can tweak it.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="gdipost"></a>GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8964"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2908972"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="gdipost"></a>GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6532"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906540"></a><p>
Network printing is one of the most complicated and error-prone
day-to-day tasks any user or an administrator may encounter. This is
true for all OS platforms. And there are reasons for this.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
8988"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2908997"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6556"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906564"></a><p>
You can't expect for most file formats to just throw them towards
printers and they get printed. There needs to be a file format
conversion in between. The problem is: there is no common standard for
many manufacturers who "roll their own" (their reasons may be
unacceptable license fees for using printer-embedded PostScript
interpreters, etc.).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9034"></a>Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909042"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909050"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909058"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6600"></a>Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2906609"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906618"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906626"></a><p>
In Windows OS, the format conversion job is done by the printer
drivers. On MS Windows OS platforms all application programmers have
at their disposal a built-in API, the GDI (<span class="emphasis"><em>Graphical Device
MetaFile</em></span>). The EMF is processed by the printer driver and
converted to the printer-specific file format.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909108"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2906676"></a>
To the GDI foundation in MS Windows, Apple has chosen to
put paper and screen output on a common foundation for their
(BSD-UNIX-based, did you know??) Mac OS X and Darwin Operating
</p></div><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.1. Windows Printing to a local Printer</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/1small.png" width="270" alt="Windows Printing to a local Printer"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9175"></a>UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909182"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909191"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909199"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909207"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
6741"></a>UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2906749"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906757"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906766"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906774"></a><p>
In UNIX and Linux, there is no comparable layer built into the OS
kernel(s) or the X (screen display) server. Every application is
responsible for itself to create its print output. Fortunately, most
the present day by looking into the various "font" directories on your
system; there are separate ones for fonts used for X display and fonts
to be used on paper.
-</p><p><b>Background. </b><a class="indexterm" name="id2909253"></a>
+</p><p><b>Background. </b><a class="indexterm" name="id2906821"></a>
The PostScript programming language is an "invention" by Adobe Inc.,
but its specifications have been published to the full. Its strength
lies in its powerful abilities to describe graphical objects (fonts,
instructions which need to be interpreted by a rasterizer. Rasterizers
produce pixel images, which may be displayed on screen by a viewer
program or on paper by a printer.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="post-and-ghost"></a>PostScript and Ghostscript</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
9299"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909306"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909318"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="post-and-ghost"></a>PostScript and Ghostscript</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id290
6885"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906893"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2906904"></a><p>
So, UNIX is lacking a common ground for printing on paper and
displaying on screen. Despite this unfavorable legacy for UNIX, basic
printing is fairly easy: if you have PostScript printers at your
you see it on paper, in a resolution as done by your printer. This is
no different to PostScript printing of a file from a Windows origin.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909355"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2906942"></a>
Traditional UNIX programs and printing systems -- while
using PostScript -- are largely not PPD-aware. PPDs are "PostScript
Printer Description" files. They enable you to specify and control all
is CUPS....
</p></div><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.2. Printing to a Postscript Printer</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/2small.png" width="270" alt="Printing to a Postscript Printer"></div></div><p>
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
9405"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id290
7006"></a><p>
However, there are other types of printers out there. These don't know
how to print PostScript. They use their own <span class="emphasis"><em>Page Description
Language</em></span> (PDL, often proprietary). To print to them is much
PostScript, and since these devices don't understand PostScript, you
need to convert the printfiles to a format suitable for your printer
on the host, before you can send it away.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9441"></a>Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909450"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7029"></a>Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2907037"></a><p>
Here is where <span class="emphasis"><em>Ghostscript</em></span> kicks in. Ghostscript is
the traditional (and quite powerful) PostScript interpreter used on
UNIX platforms. It is a RIP in software, capable to do a
"AFPL" license, but re-released under the GNU GPL as soon as the next
AFPL version appears. GNU Ghostscript is probably the version
installed on most Samba systems. But it has got some
-deficiencies. <a class="indexterm" name="id2909498"></a>Therefore ESP Ghostscript was developed as an
+deficiencies. <a class="indexterm" name="id2907085"></a>Therefore ESP Ghostscript was developed as an
enhancement over GNU Ghostscript, with lots of bug-fixes, additional
devices and improvements. It is jointly maintained by developers from
CUPS, Gimp-Print, MandrakeSoft, SuSE, RedHat and Debian. It includes
the "cups" device (essential to print to non-PS printers from CUPS).
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9567"></a>PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909575"></a><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7154"></a>PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2907162"></a><p>
While PostScript in essence is a <span class="emphasis"><em>Page Description
Language</em></span> (PDL) to represent the page layout in a
<span class="emphasis"><em>device independent</em></span> way, real world print jobs are
PostScript, PJL, JCL or vendor-dependent commands) into the PostScript
file created by the driver.
</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909638"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907224"></a>
A PostScript file that was created to contain device-specific commands
for achieving a certain print job output (e.g. duplexed, stapled and
punched) on a specific target machine, may not print as expected, or
may not be printable at all on other models; it also may not be fit
for further processing by software (e.g. by a PDF distilling program).
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9654"></a>CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7241"></a>CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS can handle all spec-compliant PPDs as supplied by the
manufacturers for their PostScript models. Even if a
UNIX/Linux-illiterate vendor might not have mentioned our favorite
internal PPD parsing and checking code enabled; in case of printing
trouble this online resource should be one of your first pitstops.
</p></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909702"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909710"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907289"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907297"></a>
For real PostScript printers <span class="emphasis"><em>don't</em></span> use the
<span class="emphasis"><em>Foomatic</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic</em></span>
PPDs from Linuxprinting.org. With these devices the original
access the Windows directory where all printer driver files are
stored. First look in the <tt class="filename">W32X86/2</tt> subdir for
the PPD you are seeking.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9760"></a>CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7348"></a>CUPS also uses PPDs for non-PostScript Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS also uses specially crafted PPDs to handle non-PostScript
printers. These PPDs are usually not available from the vendors (and
no, you can't just take the PPD of a Postscript printer with the same
understand how these PPDs work for non-PS printers we first need to
dive deeply into the CUPS filtering and file format conversion
architecture. Stay tuned.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
9782"></a>The CUPS Filtering Architecture</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id290
7370"></a>The CUPS Filtering Architecture</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The core of the CUPS filtering system is based on
<span class="emphasis"><em>Ghostscript</em></span>. In addition to Ghostscript, CUPS
uses some other filters of its own. You (or your OS vendor) may have
may encounter the dreaded <tt class="computeroutput">Unable to convert file
0</tt> in your CUPS error_log file. To have "cups" as a
device in your Ghostscript, you either need to <span class="emphasis"><em>patch GNU
-Ghostscript</em></span> and re-compile or use <a class="indexterm" name="id290
9875"></a><a href="http://www.cups.org/ghostscript.php" target="_top">ESP Ghostscript</a>. The
+Ghostscript</em></span> and re-compile or use <a class="indexterm" name="id290
7462"></a><a href="http://www.cups.org/ghostscript.php" target="_top">ESP Ghostscript</a>. The
superior alternative is ESP Ghostscript: it supports not just CUPS,
but 300 other devices too (while GNU Ghostscript supports only about
180). Because of this broad output device support, ESP Ghostscript is
the first choice for non-CUPS spoolers too. It is now recommended by
Linuxprinting.org for all spoolers.
</p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909903"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909911"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907490"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907498"></a>
CUPS printers may be setup to use <span class="emphasis"><em>external</em></span>
rendering paths. One of the most common ones is provided by the
<span class="emphasis"><em>Foomatic/cupsomatic</em></span> concept, from <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" target="_top">Linuxprinting.org</a>. This
uses the classical Ghostscript approach, doing everything in one
step. It doesn't use the "cups" device, but one of the many
others. However, even for Foomatic/cupsomatic usage, best results and
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2909940"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907528"></a>
broadest printer model support is provided by ESP Ghostscript (more
about cupsomatic/Foomatic, particularly the new version called now
<span class="emphasis"><em>foomatic-rip</em></span>, follows below).
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
9959"></a>MIME types and CUPS Filters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2909970"></a>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id290
7545"></a>MIME types and CUPS Filters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2907557"></a>
CUPS reads the file <tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</tt>
(and all other files carrying a <tt class="filename">*.types</tt> suffix
in the same directory) upon startup. These files contain the MIME
<tt class="filename">mime.types</tt> file itself. A simple rule reads
like this:
</p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2910015"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2907602"></a>
</p><pre class="screen">
application/pdf pdf string(0,%PDF)
</pre><p>
lot of image formats (GIF. PNG, TIFF, JPEG, Photo-CD, SUN-Raster,
PNM, PBM, SGI-RGB and some more) and their associated MIME types
with its filters.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10165"></a>MIME type Conversion Rules</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2910173"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
07752"></a>MIME type Conversion Rules</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2907760"></a><p>
CUPS reads the file <tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</tt>
(and all other files named with a <tt class="filename">*.convs</tt>
suffix in the same directory) upon startup. These files contain
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/postscript</em></span> as output, the virtual
cost of this operation is 33 CUPS-$. The next filter is more
expensive, costing 66 CUPS-$:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
10234"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
07822"></a><pre class="screen">
application/vnd.hp-HPGL application/postscript 66 hpgltops
</pre><p>
This is the <span class="emphasis"><em>hpgltops</em></span>, which processes HP-GL
plotter files to PostScript.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
10262"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
07849"></a><pre class="screen">
application/octet-stream
</pre><p>
Here are two more examples:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
10284"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
07872"></a><pre class="screen">
application/x-shell application/postscript 33 texttops
text/plain application/postscript 33 texttops
</pre><p>
to work on "text/plain" as well as on "application/x-shell". (Hint:
this differentiation is needed for the syntax highlighting feature of
"texttops").
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10315"></a>Filter Requirements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2910322"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
07903"></a>Filter Requirements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2907910"></a><p>
There are many more combinations named in mime.convs. However, you
are not limited to use the ones pre-defined there. You can plug in any
filter you like into the CUPS framework. It must meet, or must be made
attribute</p></dd><dt><span class="term">options</span></dt><dd><p>The job options</p></dd><dt><span class="term">filename</span></dt><dd><p>(Optionally) The print request file (if missing,
filters expected data fed through <tt class="filename">stdin</tt>). In most
cases it is very easy to write a simple wrapper script around existing
-filters to make them work with CUPS.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10493"></a>Prefilters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2910500"></a><p>
+filters to make them work with CUPS.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08080"></a>Prefilters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2908088"></a><p>
As was said, PostScript is the central file format to any UNIX based
printing system. From PostScript, CUPS generates raster data to feed
non-PostScript printers.
print options already embedded into the file.
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small4"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.4. Prefiltering in CUPS to form Postscript</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/4small.png" width="270" alt="Prefiltering in CUPS to form Postscript"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10595"></a>pstops</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08183"></a>pstops</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>pstops</em></span>is the filter to convert
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/postscript</em></span> to
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/vnd.cups-postscript</em></span>. It was said
so-called "number-up" function)
</p></li><li><p>counting the pages of the job to insert the accounting
information into the <tt class="filename">/var/log/cups/page_log</tt>
-</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10704"></a>pstoraster</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08292"></a>pstoraster</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>pstoraster</em></span> is at the core of the CUPS filtering
system. It is responsible for the first stage of the rasterization
process. Its input is of MIME type application/vnd.cups-postscript;
parameter. If your Ghostscript doesn't show a success on asking for
<b class="command">gs -h |grep cups</b>, you might not be able to
print. Update your Ghostscript then!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10875"></a>imagetops and imagetoraster</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08476"></a>imagetops and imagetoraster</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Above in the section about prefilters, we mentioned the prefilter
that generates PostScript from image formats. The imagetoraster
filter is used to convert directly from image to raster, without the
filtering:
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small8"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.8. Image format to CUPS-raster format conversion</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/8small.png" width="270" alt="Image format to CUPS-raster format conversion"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
10938"></a>rasterto [printers specific]</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08539"></a>rasterto [printers specific]</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS ships with quite some different raster drivers processing CUPS
raster. On my system I find in /usr/lib/cups/filter/ these:
<i class="parameter"><tt>rastertoalps</tt></i>, <i class="parameter"><tt>rastertobj</tt></i>, <i class="parameter"><tt>rastertoepson</tt></i>, <i class="parameter"><tt>rastertoescp</tt></i>,
closely as possible with CUPS.
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small9"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.9. Raster to Printer Specific formats</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/9small.png" width="270" alt="Raster to Printer Specific formats"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11090"></a>CUPS Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
08691"></a>CUPS Backends</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The last part of any CUPS filtering chain is a "backend". Backends
are special programs that send the print-ready file to the final
device. There is a separate backend program for any transfer
all available backends:
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>lpinfo -v</tt></b>
-</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11412"></a>cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911420"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2911428"></a><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09039"></a>cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909047"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909055"></a><p>
"cupsomatic" filters may be the most widely used on CUPS
installations. You must be clear about the fact that these were not
developed by the CUPS people. They are a "Third Party" add-on to
Ghostscript, with all the complicated commandline options
auto-constructed from the selected PPD and commandline options give to
the printjob.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
11495"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
09122"></a><p>
However, cupsomatic is now deprecated. Its PPDs (especially the first
generation of them, still in heavy use out there) are not meeting the
Adobe specifications. You might also suffer difficulties when you try
best thing is: the new foomatic-rip now works seamlessly with all
legacy spoolers too (like LPRng, BSD-LPD, PDQ, PPR etc.), providing
for them access to use PPDs for their printing!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11562"></a>The Complete Picture</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09176"></a>The Complete Picture</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you want to see an overview over all the filters and how they
relate to each other, the complete picture of the puzzle is at the end
of this document.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11576"></a><tt class="filename">mime.convs</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09191"></a><tt class="filename">mime.convs</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS auto-constructs all possible filtering chain paths for any given
MIME type, and every printer installed. But how does it decide in
favor or against a specific alternative? (There may often be cases,
server by setting an appropriate "FilterLimit" value. A FilterLimit of
200 allows roughly 1 job at a time, while a FilterLimit of 1000 allows
approximately 5 jobs maximum at a time.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11630"></a>"Raw" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09245"></a>"Raw" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can tell CUPS to print (nearly) any file "raw". "Raw" means it
will not be filtered. CUPS will send the file to the printer "as is"
without bothering if the printer is able to digest it. Users need to
if it can't find a PPD associated with the queue. However, CUPS will
only send known MIME types (as defined in its own mime.types file) and
refuse others.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11697"></a>"application/octet-stream" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09312"></a>"application/octet-stream" printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Any MIME type with no rule in the
<tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</tt> file is regarded as unknown
or <span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span> and will not be
be uncommented to allow RAW mode operation for
application/octet-stream. In <tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.types</tt>
make sure this line is present:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
11780"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
09395"></a><pre class="screen">
application/octet-stream
</pre><p>
This line (with no specific auto-typing rule set) makes all files
line:
</p><pre class="screen">
application/octet-stream application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -
-</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id29
11820"></a><p>
+</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id29
09435"></a><p>
This line tells CUPS to use the <span class="emphasis"><em>Null Filter</em></span>
(denoted as "-", doing... nothing at all) on
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/octet-stream</em></span>, and tag the result as
recognizes MIME types. The file
<tt class="filename">/etc/cups/mime.convs</tt> decides which file
conversion filter(s) may be applied to which MIME types.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
11929"></a>PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911937"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
09544"></a>PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2909552"></a><p>
Originally PPDs were meant to be used for PostScript printers
only. Here, they help to send device-specific commands and settings
to the RIP which processes the jobfile. CUPS has extended this
</p><p>
PPDs for a non-PS printer have a few lines that are unique to
CUPS. The most important one looks similar to this:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
11967"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
09582"></a><pre class="screen">
*cupsFilter: application/vnd.cups-raster 66 rastertoprinter
</pre><p>
It is the last piece in the CUPS filtering puzzle. This line tells the
several hundred printer models. You may not be able to control
different paper trays, or you may get larger margins than your
specific model supports):
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id2912008"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 19.1. PPD's shipped with CUPS</b></p><table summary="PPD's shipped with CUPS" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">PPD file</th><th align="justify">Printer type</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">deskjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">older HP inkjet printers and compatible</td></tr><tr><td align="left">deskjet2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer HP inkjet printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">dymo.ppd</td><td align="justify">label printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidata9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 9pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidat24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">laserjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">all PCL printers. Further below is a discussion of several other driver/PPD-packages suitable for use with CUPS. </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2912192"></a>Difference between <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic/foomatic-rip</em></span> and
-<span class="emphasis"><em>native CUPS</em></span> printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id29
12210"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2912218"></a><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id2909623"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 19.1. PPD's shipped with CUPS</b></p><table summary="PPD's shipped with CUPS" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">PPD file</th><th align="justify">Printer type</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">deskjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">older HP inkjet printers and compatible</td></tr><tr><td align="left">deskjet2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer HP inkjet printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">dymo.ppd</td><td align="justify">label printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">epson24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Epson 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidata9.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 9pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">okidat24.ppd</td><td align="justify">Okidata 24pin impact printers and compatible </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stcolor2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Color printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto.ppd</td><td align="justify">older Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">stphoto2.ppd</td><td align="justify">newer Epson Stylus Photo printers </td></tr><tr><td align="left">laserjet.ppd</td><td align="justify">all PCL printers. Further below is a discussion of several other driver/PPD-packages suitable for use with CUPS. </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2909807"></a>Difference between <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsomatic/foomatic-rip</em></span> and
+<span class="emphasis"><em>native CUPS</em></span> printing</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id29
09825"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2909833"></a><p>
Native CUPS rasterization works in two steps.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
First is the "pstoraster" step. It uses the special "cups"
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2912241"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2909856"></a>
device from ESP Ghostscript 7.05.x as its tool
</p></li><li><p>
Second comes the "rasterdriver" step. It uses various
advised, especially if you are upgrading to a recent version of CUPS
too.
</p><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2912350"></a>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2912359"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2909965"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2909974"></a>
Both the cupsomatic (old) and the foomatic-rip (new) methods from
Linuxprinting.org use the traditional Ghostscript print file
processing, doing everything in a single step. It therefore relies on
cupsomatic hands the rendered file directly to the CUPS backend. The
flowchart above illustrates the difference between native CUPS
rendering and the Foomatic/cupsomatic method.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2410"></a>Examples for filtering Chains</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0018"></a>Examples for filtering Chains</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Here are a few examples of commonly occurring filtering chains to
illustrate the workings of CUPS.
</p><p>
print-options into the print data stream;</p></li><li><p>the file goes to the <span class="emphasis"><em>usb</em></span> backend,
which transfers the job to the printers.</p></li></ul></div><p>
The resulting filter chain therefore is as drawn in <a href="#pdftoepsonusb" title="Figure 19.12. PDF to USB chain">the image below</a>.
-</p><div class="figure"><a name="pdftoepsonusb"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.12. PDF to USB chain</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/pdftoepsonusb.png" width="270" alt="PDF to USB chain"></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2731"></a>Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="figure"><a name="pdftoepsonusb"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.12. PDF to USB chain</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/pdftoepsonusb.png" width="270" alt="PDF to USB chain"></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0331"></a>Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
On the internet you can find now many thousand CUPS-PPD files
(with their companion filters), in many national languages,
supporting more than 1000 non-PostScript models.
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id291
2747"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2912757"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/" target="_top">ESP
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id291
0347"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910357"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/" target="_top">ESP
PrintPro</a> (commercial,
non-Free) is packaged with more than 3000 PPDs, ready for
successful use "out of the box" on Linux, Mac OS X, IBM-AIX,
The cupsomatic/Foomatic trick from Linuxprinting.org works
differently from the other drivers. This is explained elsewhere in this
document.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2872"></a>Printing with Interface Scripts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0470"></a>Printing with Interface Scripts</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
CUPS also supports the usage of "interface scripts" as known from
System V AT&T printing systems. These are often used for PCL
printers, from applications that generate PCL print jobs. Interface
custom-written filtering script or program into one specific print
queue (some information about the traditional usage of interface scripts is
to be found at <a href="http://playground.sun.com/printing/documentation/interface.html" target="_top">http://playground.sun.com/printing/documentation/interface.html</a>).
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
2949"></a>Network printing (purely Windows)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
0560"></a>Network printing (purely Windows)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Network printing covers a lot of ground. To understand what exactly
goes on with Samba when it is printing on behalf of its Windows
clients, let's first look at a "purely Windows" setup: Windows clients
with a Windows NT print server.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2965"></a>From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0577"></a>From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Windows clients printing to an NT-based print server have two
options. They may
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
2979"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2912987"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>execute the driver locally and render the GDI output
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
0590"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910598"></a><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>execute the driver locally and render the GDI output
(EMF) into the printer specific format on their own,
or</p></li><li><p>send the GDI output (EMF) to the server, where the
driver is executed to render the printer specific
output.</p></li></ul></div><p>
Both print paths are shown in the flowcharts below.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3020"></a>Driver Execution on the Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0632"></a>Driver Execution on the Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In the first case the print server must spool the file as "raw",
meaning it shouldn't touch the jobfile and try to convert it in any
way. This is what traditional UNIX-based print server can do too; and
clients.
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small11"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.13. Print Driver execution on the Client</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/11small.png" width="270" alt="Print Driver execution on the Client"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3090"></a>Driver Execution on the Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913095"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913104"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913112"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913120"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913129"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0701"></a>Driver Execution on the Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2910707"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910715"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910724"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910732"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2910740"></a><p>
The other path executes the printer driver on the server. The clients
transfers print files in EMF format to the server. The server uses the
PostScript, PCL, ESC/P or other driver to convert the EMF file into
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small12"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.14. Print Driver execution on the Server</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/12small.png" width="270" alt="Print Driver execution on the Server"></div></div><p>
</p><p>
However, there is something similar possible with CUPS. Read on...
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2913201"></a>Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2910813"></a>Network Printing (Windows clients -- UNIX/Samba Print
Servers)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since UNIX print servers <span class="emphasis"><em>cannot</em></span> execute the Win32
program code on their platform, the picture is somewhat
different. However, this doesn't limit your options all that
much. In the contrary, you may have a way here to implement printing
features which are not possible otherwise.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3221"></a>From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
0833"></a>From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Here is a simple recipe showing how you can take advantage of CUPS
powerful features for the benefit of your Windows network printing
clients:
Firstly, to enable CUPS based printing through Samba the
following options should be set in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file [global]
section:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
3280"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups</p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2913298"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups</p></li></ul></div><p>
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
0891"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups</p></li><li><p><a class="indexterm" name="id2910909"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups</p></li></ul></div><p>
When these parameters are specified, all manually set print directives
-(like <a class="indexterm" name="id2913318"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>, or <a class="indexterm" name="id2913332"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>) in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> (as well as
+(like <a class="indexterm" name="id2910929"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>, or <a class="indexterm" name="id2910943"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i>) in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> (as well as
in samba itself) will be ignored. Instead, Samba will directly
interface with CUPS through it's application program interface (API) -
as long as Samba has been compiled with CUPS library (libcups)
<span class="emphasis"><em>System V</em></span> AT&T command set, with the -oraw
option automatically passing through (if you want your own defined
print commands to work with a Samba that has CUPS support compiled in,
-simply use <a class="indexterm" name="id2913370"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv).
+simply use <a class="indexterm" name="id2910981"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = sysv).
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small13"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.15. Printing via CUPS/samba server</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/13small.png" width="270" alt="Printing via CUPS/samba server"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3432"></a>Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1043"></a>Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> use its own spool directory (it is set
-by a line similar to <a class="indexterm" name="id2913446"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba,
+by a line similar to <a class="indexterm" name="id2911058"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba,
in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> or
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printername]</tt></i> section of
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>). Samba receives the job in its own
configured). If Samba runs on the same host as CUPS, you only need to
allow "localhost" to print. If they run on different machines, you
need to make sure the Samba host gets access to printing on CUPS.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2913513"></a>Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
3523"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913531"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913540"></a><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2911125"></a>Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
1135"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2911143"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2911151"></a><p>
PPDs can control all print device options. They are usually provided
by the manufacturer; if you own a PostScript printer, that is. PPD
files (PostScript Printer Descriptions) are always a component of
different GUI frontends on Linux/UNIX, which can present PPD options
to users. PPD options are normally meant to be evaluated by the
PostScript RIP on the real PostScript printer.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3594"></a>PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913602"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1206"></a>PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911214"></a><p>
CUPS doesn't limit itself to "real" PostScript printers in its usage
of PPDs. The CUPS developers have extended the scope of the PPD
concept, to also describe available device and driver options for
PostScript devices to its clients, because it can act as a PostScript
RIP for those printers, processing the received PostScript code into a
proper raster print format.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3643"></a>PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913651"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1255"></a>PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911263"></a><p>
CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows-Clients, on top of a
"core" PostScript driver (now recommended is the "CUPS PostScript
Driver for WindowsNT/2K/XP"; you can also use the Adobe one, with
driver, even for many different target printers.</p></li></ul></div><p>
Using CUPS PPDs on Windows clients enables these to control
all print job settings just as a UNIX client can do too.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
3717"></a>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
1328"></a>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS Clients</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This setup may be of special interest to people experiencing major
problems in WTS environments. WTS need often a multitude of
non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of
different printer models. This often imposes the price of much
increased instability.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913734"></a>Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911345"></a>Printer Drivers running in "Kernel Mode" cause many
Problems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The reason is that in Win NT printer drivers run in "Kernel
Mode", this introduces a high risk for the stability of the system
drivers: the ones from Adobe and the one from Microsoft. Both are
very well tested and are as stable as you ever can imagine on
Windows. The CUPS driver is derived from the Microsoft one.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3768"></a>Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1379"></a>Workarounds impose Heavy Limitations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In many cases, in an attempt to work around this problem, site
administrators have resorted to restrict the allowed drivers installed
on their WTS to one generic PCL- and one PostScript driver. This
available for them; often they can't get out more than simplex
prints from one standard paper tray, while their devices could do much
better, if driven by a different driver! )
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3789"></a>CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913798"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913806"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1400"></a>CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911410"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2911418"></a><p>
Using a PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD, seems to be a very
elegant way to overcome all these shortcomings. There are, depending
on the version of Windows OS you use, up to 3 different PostScript
RIP for its clients requires more CPU and RAM than when just acting as
a "raw spooling" device. Plus, this setup is not yet widely tested,
although the first feedbacks look very promising.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913833"></a>PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
-Mode</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
3842"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911445"></a>PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
+Mode</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
1454"></a><p>
More recent printer drivers on W2K and XP don't run in Kernel mode
(unlike Win NT) any more. However, both operating systems can still
use the NT drivers, running in Kernel mode (you can roughly tell which
license doesn't allow them to publish the whole of the source code.
However, they have released the "diff" under the GPL, and if you are
owner of an "MS DDK for Win NT", you can check the driver yourself.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
3895"></a>Setting up CUPS for driver Download</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
1506"></a>Setting up CUPS for driver Download</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As we have said before: all previously known methods to prepare client
printer drivers on the Samba server for download and "Point'n'Print"
convenience of Windows workstations are working with CUPS too. These
methods were described in the previous chapter. In reality, this is a
pure Samba business, and only relates to the Samba/Win client
relationship.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3913"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>: the unknown Utility</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913924"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1524"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>: the unknown Utility</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911536"></a><p>
The cupsaddsmb utility (shipped with all current CUPS versions) is an
alternative method to transfer printer drivers into the Samba
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share. Remember, this share is where
However, currently only Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by the
CUPS drivers. You will need to get the respective part of Adobe driver
too if you need to support Windows 95, 98, and ME clients.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4014"></a>Prepare your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> for cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
1625"></a>Prepare your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> for cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Prior to running cupsaddsmb, you need the following settings in
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id291
4041"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.3. smb.conf for cupsaddsmb usage</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># setting depends on your requirements</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Printer Drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /etc/samba/drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>write list = root</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2914233"></a>CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2914242"></a><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id291
1654"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 19.3. smb.conf for cupsaddsmb usage</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>load printers = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printing = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap name = cups</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = All Printers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /var/spool/samba</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>public = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># setting depends on your requirements</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writable = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin = root</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Printer Drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /etc/samba/drivers</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>write list = root</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911845"></a>CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2911854"></a><p>
CUPS users may get the exactly same packages from <a href="http://www.cups.org/software.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/software.html</a>.
It is a separate package from the CUPS base software files, tagged as
<span class="emphasis"><em>CUPS 1.1.x Windows NT/2k/XP Printer Driver for Samba
cups-samba.remove
cups-samba.ss
</pre><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2914304"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2914315"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2911916"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2911927"></a>
These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software
"EPM". The <tt class="filename">*.install</tt> and
<tt class="filename">*.remove</tt> files are simple shell scripts, which
right place.
</p></div><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/</tt></b>
-</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4490"></a><p>
+</pre><a class="indexterm" name="id291
2102"></a><p>
This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary-only, but free of
charge. No complete source code is provided (yet). The reason is this:
it has been developed with the help of the <span class="emphasis"><em>Microsoft Driver
the source code as Free Software. However, CUPS developers released
the "diff" in source code under the GPL, so anybody with a license of
Visual Studio and a DDK will be able to compile for him/herself.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4516"></a>Recognize the different Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2128"></a>Recognize the different Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The CUPS drivers don't support the "older" Windows 95/98/ME, but only
the Windows NT/2000/XP client:
</p><p>Windows NT, 2000, and XP are supported by:</p><p>
and the CUPS ones will be used. If you prefer -- for whatever reason
-- to use Adobe-only drivers, move away the 3 CUPS driver files. The
Win95/98/ME clients use the Adobe drivers in any case.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4656"></a>Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2268"></a>Acquiring the Adobe Driver Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Acquiring the Adobe driver files seems to be unexpectedly difficult
for many users. They are not available on the Adobe website as single
files and the self-extracting and/or self-installing Windows-exe is
where you can get them with smbclient from the CUPS host. A more
detailed description about this is in the next (the CUPS printing)
chapter.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2914689"></a>ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
-WinNT/2k/XP"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4698"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2912301"></a>ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
+WinNT/2k/XP"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
2311"></a><p>
Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install their "Samba
Drivers" package for this purpose with no problem. Retrieve the driver
files from the normal download area of the ESP Print Pro software
share, etc. The ESP Print Pro package includes the CUPS driver files
as well as a (licensed) set of Adobe drivers for the Windows 95/98/ME
client family.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4749"></a>Caveats to be considered</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2914759"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2362"></a>Caveats to be considered</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2912371"></a><p>
Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually
moved the <tt class="filename">cups.hlp</tt> file to
<tt class="filename">/usr/share/cups/drivers/</tt>), the driver is
"cupsaddsmb" (see also <b class="command">man cupsaddsmb</b> for
CUPS since release 1.1.16).
</p><div class="tip" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Tip</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2914823"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912436"></a>
You may need to put root into the smbpasswd file by running
<b class="command">smbpasswd</b>; this is especially important if you
should run this whole procedure for the first time, and are not
directory. The new <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span> (from 1.1.16) will
automatically prefer "its own" drivers if it finds both.
</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2914920"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912533"></a>
Should your Win clients have had the old <tt class="filename">ADOBE*.*</tt>
files for the Adobe PostScript driver installed, the download and
installation of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP
using this driver in the "Printers" folder first. You will need
Administrator privileges to do this.
</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2914975"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912587"></a>
Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver to a
client, you can easily switch all printers to this one by proceeding
as described in <a href="#printing" title="Chapter 18. Classical Printing Support">the printing chapter</a>: either change
dialog, or use <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with the
<b class="command">setdriver</b> sub-command.
</p></li></ol></div><p>
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2915016"></a>Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2912629"></a>Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You are interested in a comparison between the CUPS and the Adobe
PostScript drivers? For our purposes these are the most important
items which weigh in favor of the CUPS ones:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>no hassle with the Adobe EULA</p></li><li><p>no hassle with the question “<span class="quote">Where do I
get the ADOBE*.* driver files from?</span>”</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2915056"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912669"></a>
the Adobe drivers (on request of the printer PPD
associated with them) often put a PJL header in front of the main
PostScript part of the print file. Thus the printfile starts with
CUPS daemon auto-typing the incoming file as a print-ready file,
not initiating a pass through the "pstops" filter (to speak more
technically, it is not regarded as the generic MIME type
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2915093"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912706"></a>
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/postscript</em></span>, but as
the more special MIME type
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2915107"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2912720"></a>
<span class="emphasis"><em>application/cups.vnd-postscript</em></span>),
which therefore also leads to the page accounting in
<span class="emphasis"><em>/var/log/cups/page_log</em></span> not
and simply ignore it).</p></li><li><p>the CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the
fully fledged CUPS IPP client for Windows NT/2K/XP to be released soon
(probably alongside the first Beta release for CUPS
-1.2).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5223"></a>Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915231"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2915239"></a><p>
+1.2).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2835"></a>Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2912844"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2912852"></a><p>
The cupsaddsmb command copies the needed files into your
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share. Additionally, the PPD
associated with this printer is copied from
Windows client installations via Point'n'Print. Before we can run the
command successfully, we need to be sure that we can authenticate
towards Samba. If you have a small network you are probably using user
-level security (<a class="indexterm" name="id2915277"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user).
+level security (<a class="indexterm" name="id2912890"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user).
</p><p>
Here is an example of a successfully run cupsaddsmb command.
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="option">-a</tt> parameter instead of a printer name. Since
cupsaddsmb "exports" the printer drivers to Samba, it should be
obvious that it only works for queues with a CUPS driver associated.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5344"></a>Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915352"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
2958"></a>Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2912965"></a><p>
Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the
<tt class="option">-v</tt> parameter to get a more verbose output. The
output below was edited for better readability: all "\" at the end of
</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
You will see the root password for the Samba account printed on
screen.
-</p></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5380"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2915391"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
2994"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2913004"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cupsaddsmb -U root -v infotec_2105</tt></b>
Password for root required to access localhost via GANDALF:
Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' \
between. They occur, because the directories WIN40 and W32X86 already
existed in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> driver download share
(from a previous driver installation). They are harmless here.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5567"></a>Understanding cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915576"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3117"></a>Understanding cupsaddsmb</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913126"></a><p>
What has happened? What did cupsaddsmb do? There are five stages of
the procedure
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2915603"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2913153"></a>
call the CUPS server via IPP and request the
driver files and the PPD file for the named printer;</p></li><li><p>store the files temporarily in the local
TEMPDIR (as defined in
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share and put the files into the
share's WIN40 (for Win95/98/ME) and W32X86/ (for WinNT/2k/XP) sub
directories;</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2915647"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913197"></a>
connect via rpcclient to the Samba server and
execute the "adddriver" command with the correct
parameters;</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2915666"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913216"></a>
connect via rpcclient to the Samba server a second
time and execute the "setdriver" command.</p></li></ol></div><p>
Note, that you can run the cupsaddsmb utility with parameters to
same host):
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cupsaddsmb -H sambaserver -h cupsserver -v printername</tt></b>
-</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5714"></a>How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3264"></a>How to recognize if cupsaddsmb completed successfully</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> always check if the utility completed
successfully in all fields. You need as a minimum these 3 messages
amongst the output:
cupsaddsmb in verbose mode. Therefore we strongly recommend to not
use the default quiet mode. It will hide any problems from you which
might occur.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5798"></a>cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915806"></a><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3349"></a>cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913357"></a><p>
You can't get the standard cupsaddsmb command to run on a Samba PDC?
You are asked for the password credential all over again and again and
the command just will not take off at all? Try one of these
</pre><p>
(Note the two backslashes: the first one is required to
"escape" the second one).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5877"></a>cupsaddsmb Flowchart</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915885"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3427"></a>cupsaddsmb Flowchart</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913435"></a><p>
Here is a chart about the procedures, commandflows and
dataflows of the "cupaddsmb" command. Note again: cupsaddsmb is
not intended to, and does not work with, "raw" queues!
</p><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a name="small14"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.16. cupsaddsmb flowchart</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/14small.png" width="270" alt="cupsaddsmb flowchart"></div></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5946"></a>Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915953"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3497"></a>Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2913504"></a><p>
After cupsaddsmb completed, your driver is prepared for the clients to
use. Here are the steps you must perform to download and install it
via "Point'n'Print". From a Windows client, browse to the CUPS/Samba
server;
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5973"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p>open the <span class="emphasis"><em>Printers</em></span>
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id291
3522"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p>open the <span class="emphasis"><em>Printers</em></span>
share of Samba in Network Neighbourhood;</p></li><li><p>right-click on the printer in
question;</p></li><li><p>from the opening context-menu select
<span class="emphasis"><em>Install...</em></span> or
<tt class="filename">\\SambaServer\PrinterName</tt> entry in the
dropdown list of available printers.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916045"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913594"></a>
cupsaddsmb will only reliably work with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher
and Samba from 2.2.4. If it doesn't work, or if the automatic printer
driver download to the clients doesn't succeed, you can still manually
with the required privileges to access the printershare) This would
set up the printer connection in the traditional
<span class="emphasis"><em>LanMan</em></span> way (not using MS-RPC).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2916097"></a>Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913646"></a>Avoiding critical PostScript Driver Settings on the
Client</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Soooo: printing works, but there are still problems. Most jobs print
well, some don't print at all. Some jobs have problems with fonts,
Level</em></span>: in case of problems try <span class="emphasis"><em>2</em></span>
instead of <span class="emphasis"><em>3</em></span> (the latest ESP Ghostscript package
handles Level 3 PostScript very well) (Adobe).</p></li><li><p>Say <span class="emphasis"><em>Yes</em></span> to <span class="emphasis"><em>PostScript
-Error Handler</em></span> (Adobe)</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2916229"></a>Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+Error Handler</em></span> (Adobe)</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2913780"></a>Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
rpcclient)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Of course you can run all the commands which are embedded into the
cupsaddsmb convenience utility yourself, one by one, and hereby upload
printer should be there. We are providing the driver
now);</p></li><li><p>copy all files to
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i></p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916279"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913829"></a>
run <b class="command">rpcclient adddriver</b>
(for each client architecture you want to support):</p></li><li><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916303"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913853"></a>
run <b class="command">rpcclient
setdriver.</b></p></li></ol></div><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916325"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916336"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916347"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916358"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916369"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913875"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913886"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913897"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913908"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2913919"></a>
We are going to do this now. First, read the man page on "rpcclient"
to get a first idea. Look at all the printing related
sub-commands. <b class="command">enumprinters</b>,
(or 2K/XP) PC too. MS-RPC is used by Windows clients, amongst other
things, to benefit from the "Point'n'Print" features. Samba can now
mimic this too.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6423"></a>A Check of the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
3973"></a>A Check of the rpcclient man Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
First let's have a little check of the rpcclient man page. Here are
two relevant passages:
</p><p>
driver must already be correctly installed on the print server.
</p><p> See also the enumprinters and enumdrivers commands for
obtaining a list of installed printers and drivers.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6536"></a>Understanding the rpcclient man page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4086"></a>Understanding the rpcclient man page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <span class="emphasis"><em>exact</em></span> format isn't made too clear by the man
page, since you have to deal with some parameters containing
spaces. Here is a better description for it. We have line-broken the
command and indicated the breaks with "\". Usually you would type the
command in one line without the linebreaks:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
6558"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4109"></a><pre class="screen">
adddriver "Architecture" \
"LongPrinterName:DriverFile:DataFile:ConfigFile:HelpFile:\
LanguageMonitorFile:DataType:ListOfFiles,Comma-separated"
with <b class="command">rpcclient</b> to see what it tells us and
try to understand the man page more clearly which we've read just
now.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6644"></a>Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2916655"></a>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2916666"></a>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4186"></a>Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2914198"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2914209"></a>
We could run <b class="command">rpcclient</b> with a
<b class="command">getdriver</b> or a <b class="command">getprinter</b>
subcommand (in level 3 verbosity) against it. Just sit down at UNIX or
</pre><p>
From the result it should become clear which is which. Here is an
example from my installation:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
6729"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4272"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -U'Danka%xxxx' W2KSERVER \
-c'getdriver "DANKA InfoStream Virtual Printer" 3'</tt></b>
cmd = getdriver "DANKA InfoStream Virtual Printer" 3
<span class="emphasis"><em>ListOfFiles,Comma-separated</em></span>. For the CUPS
PostScript drivers we don't need any (nor would we for the Adobe
PostScript driver): therefore the field will get a "NULL" entry.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6790"></a>What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4333"></a>What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
From the manpage (and from the quoted output
of <span class="emphasis"><em>cupsaddsmb</em></span>, above) it becomes clear that you
need to have certain conditions in order to make the manual uploading
and initializing of the driver files succeed. The two rpcclient
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2916810"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2914353"></a>
subcommands (<b class="command">adddriver</b> and
<b class="command">setdriver</b>) need to encounter the following
pre-conditions to complete successfully:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>you are connected as <a class="indexterm" name="id2916845"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>, or root (note,
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>you are connected as <a class="indexterm" name="id2914387"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i>, or root (note,
that this is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> the "Printer Operators" group in
NT, but the <span class="emphasis"><em>printer admin</em></span> group, as defined in
the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section of
the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i> share and create
subdirectories;</p></li><li><p>the printer you are going to setup for the Windows
clients, needs to be installed in CUPS already;</p></li><li><p>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2916953"></a>
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2916964"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2914496"></a>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2914508"></a>
the CUPS printer must be known to Samba, otherwise the
<b class="command">setdriver</b> subcommand fails with an
NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL error. To check if the printer is known by
printer list until every smbd process had received a SIGHUP or was
restarted. Remember this in case you've created the CUPS printer just
shortly ago and encounter problems: try restarting
-Samba.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
7000"></a>Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Samba.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
4542"></a>Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
We are going to install a printer driver now by manually executing all
required commands. As this may seem a rather complicated process at
first, we go through the procedure step by step, explaining every
(a.k.a. JetDirect or Direct TCP/IP) connection. You need to be root
for this step
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>(optional) Check if the Printer is recognized by
-Samba</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7080"></a><pre class="screen">
+Samba</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4623"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'enumprinters' localhost | grep -C2 mysmbtstprn</tt></b>
flags:[0x800000]
name:[\\kde-bitshop\mysmbtstprn]
users from the "write list" as defined in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> for
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>(optional) Check if Samba knows a Driver for the
-Printer</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7168"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2917178"></a><pre class="screen">
+Printer</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4711"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2914722"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'getprinter mysmbtstprn 2' localhost \
| grep driver </tt></b>
drivername:[]
<i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba that these are
<span class="emphasis"><em>Driver</em></span> Files
-(<b class="command">adddriver</b>)</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7388"></a><pre class="screen">
+(<b class="command">adddriver</b>)</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
4932"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c `adddriver "Windows NT x86" "mydrivername: \
cupsdrvr.dll:mysmbtstprn.PPD: \
cupsui.dll:cups.hlp:NULL:RAW:NULL" \
Notice how step 6 did also move the driver files to the appropriate
subdirectory. Compare with the situation after step 5.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>(optional) Verify if Samba now recognizes the
-Driver</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7510"></a><pre class="screen">
+Driver</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5053"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'enumdrivers 3' localhost \
| grep -B2 -A5 mydrivername</tt></b>
Printer Driver Info 3:
Remember, this command greps for the name you did choose for the
driver in step Six. This command must succeed before you can proceed.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>Tell Samba which Printer should use these Driver
-Files (<b class="command">setdriver</b>)</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7574"></a><pre class="screen">
+Files (<b class="command">setdriver</b>)</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5118"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'setdriver mysmbtstprn mydrivername' localhost</tt></b>
Successfully set mysmbtstprn to driver mydrivername
</pre><p>
<b class="command">enumdrivers</b> must find the driver and
<b class="command">enumprinters</b> must find the printer.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>(optional) Verify if Samba has this Association
-recognized</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7642"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2917653"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2917664"></a><pre class="screen">
+recognized</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5186"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2915197"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2915208"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient -Uroot%xxxx -c 'getprinter mysmbtstprn 2' localhost \
| grep driver</tt></b>
drivername:[mydrivername]
comment:[mysmbtstprn]
</pre><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2917757"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915300"></a>
Compare these results with the ones from steps 2 and 3. Note that
every single of these commands show the driver is installed. Even
the <b class="command">enumprinters</b> command now lists the driver
on the "description" line.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>(optional) Tickle the Driver into a correct
Device Mode</b></p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2917794"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915338"></a>
You certainly know how to install the driver on the client. In case
you are not particularly familiar with Windows, here is a short
recipe: browse the Network Neighbourhood, go to the Samba server, look
"landscape"</em></span>), click <span class="guibutton">Apply</span>; change the setting
back.
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>Install the Printer on a Client
-("Point'n'Print")</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
7882"></a><pre class="screen">
+("Point'n'Print")</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5426"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">C:\> </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /in /n "\\sambacupsserver\mysmbtstprn"</tt></b>
</pre><p>
If it doesn't work it could be a permission problem with the
</p></li><li><p class="title"><b>Fifteenth Step (obligatory): Enjoy. Jump. Celebrate your
Success</b></p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>echo "Cheeeeerioooooo! Success..." >> /var/log/samba/log.smbd</tt></b>
-</pre></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8021"></a>Troubleshooting revisited</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5566"></a>Troubleshooting revisited</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The setdriver command will fail, if in Samba's mind the queue is not
already there. You had promising messages about the:
</p><pre class="screen">
result was NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL
</pre><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918062"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915607"></a>
It is not good enough that you
can see the queue <span class="emphasis"><em>in CUPS</em></span>, using
the <b class="command">lpstat -p ir85wm</b> command. A
processes. To verify if this is the reason why Samba doesn't
execute the setdriver command successfully, check if Samba "sees"
the printer:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
8090"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5634"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient transmeta -N -U'root%secret' -c 'enumprinters 0'| grep ir85wm</tt></b>
printername:[ir85wm]
</pre><p>
An alternative command could be this:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
8128"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
5673"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient transmeta -N -U'root%secret' -c 'getprinter ir85wm' </tt></b>
cmd = getprinter ir85wm
flags:[0x800000]
</pre><p>
BTW, you can use these commands, plus a few more, of course,
to install drivers on remote Windows NT print servers too!
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
8173"></a>The printing <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918190"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918198"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918209"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918220"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918232"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918243"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918254"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918265"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918276"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918287"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918299"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918310"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918321"></a>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
5718"></a>The printing <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915734"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915743"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915754"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915765"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915776"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915788"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915799"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915810"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915821"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915832"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915843"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915854"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2915866"></a>
Some mystery is associated with the series of files with a
tdb-suffix appearing in every Samba installation. They are
<tt class="filename">connections.tdb</tt>,
<tt class="filename">ntprinters.tdb</tt>,
<tt class="filename">sessionid.tdb</tt> and
<tt class="filename">secrets.tdb</tt>. What is their purpose?
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8418"></a>Trivial DataBase Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2918426"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
5962"></a>Trivial DataBase Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2915970"></a><p>
A Windows NT (Print) Server keeps track of all information needed to serve
its duty toward its clients by storing entries in the Windows
"Registry". Client queries are answered by reading from the registry,
are <tt class="filename">ntprinters.tdb</tt>,
<tt class="filename">printing.tdb</tt>,<tt class="filename">ntforms.tdb</tt> and
<tt class="filename">ntdrivers.tdb</tt>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8497"></a>Binary Format</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6041"></a>Binary Format</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files are not human readable. They are
written in a binary format. "Why not ASCII?", you may ask. "After all,
ASCII configuration files are a good and proofed tradition on UNIX."
<tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files allows for this provision. Many smbd
processes may write to the same <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> file at the
same time. This wouldn't be possible with pure ASCII files.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8559"></a>Losing <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6103"></a>Losing <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
It is very important that all <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files remain
consistent over all write and read accesses. However, it may happen
that these files <span class="emphasis"><em>do</em></span> get corrupted. (A
<tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files may be the only option. You need to
re-create all print related setup after that. Or you have made a
backup of the <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files in time.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8617"></a>Using <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbbackup</em></span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2918627"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2918641"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6162"></a>Using <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbbackup</em></span></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2916172"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2916186"></a><p>
Samba ships with a little utility which helps the root user of your
system to back up your <tt class="filename">*.tdb</tt> files. If you run it
with no argument, it prints a little usage message:
-rw------- 1 root root 40960 May 2 03:44 printing.tdb
-rw------- 1 root root 40960 May 2 03:44 printing.tdb.bak
-</pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
8753"></a>CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2918760"></a><p>
+</pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id291
6297"></a>CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2916305"></a><p>
CUPS ships with good support for HP LaserJet type printers. You can
install the generic driver as follows:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
8774"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id291
6320"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd</tt></b>
</pre><p>
The <tt class="option">-m</tt> switch will retrieve the
tireless work of Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft, who is also the
principal author of the foomatic-rip utility.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2918861"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2916407"></a>
The former "cupsomatic" concept is now be replaced by the new, much
more powerful "foomatic-rip". foomatic-rip is the successor of
cupsomatic. cupsomatic is no longer maintained. Here is the new URL
PPDs are 100% compliant to the Adobe PPD specification. They are
intended to be used by Samba and the cupsaddsmb utility also, to
provide the driver files for the Windows clients also!
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
8890"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2918898"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2918907"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
6436"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2916444"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2916452"></a><p>
Nowadays most Linux distros rely on the utilities of Linuxprinting.org
to create their printing related software (which, BTW, works on all
UNIXes and on Mac OS X or Darwin too). It is not known as well as it
database. Currently there are <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/driver_list.cgi" target="_top">245 drivers</a>
in the database: many drivers support various models, and many models
may be driven by different drivers; it's your choice!
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
8963"></a>690 "perfect" Printers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
6477"></a>690 "perfect" Printers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
At present there are 690 devices dubbed as working "perfectly", 181
"mostly", 96 "partially" and 46 are "Paperweights". Keeping in mind
that most of these are non-PostScript models (PostScript printers are
truly astonishing achievement. Three years ago the number was not
more than 500, and Linux or UNIX "printing" at the time wasn't
anywhere near the quality it is today!
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
8986"></a>How the "Printing HOWTO" started it all</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
6531"></a>How the "Printing HOWTO" started it all</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A few years ago <a href="http://www2.picante.com:81/~gtaylor/" target="_top">Grant Taylor</a>
started it all. The roots of today's Linuxprinting.org are in the
first <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic2.9/howto/" target="_top">Linux Printing
database became the core component of today's Foomatic collection of
tools and data. In the meantime it has moved to an XML representation
of the data.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
9032"></a>Foomatic's strange Name</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2919040"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
6577"></a>Foomatic's strange Name</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2916586"></a><p>
"Why the funny name?", you ask. When it really took off, around spring
2000, CUPS was far less popular than today, and most systems used LPD,
LPRng or even PDQ to print. CUPS shipped with a few generic "drivers"
to CUPS users (because often the "traditional" Ghostscript way of
printing was the only one available);</p></li><li><p>It gave all the advanced CUPS options (web interface,
GUI driver configurations) to users wanting (or needing) to use
-Ghostscript filters.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
9108"></a>cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2919116"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2919124"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2919132"></a><p>
+Ghostscript filters.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
6653"></a>cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2916661"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2916670"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2916678"></a><p>
CUPS worked through a quickly-hacked up filter script named <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/download.cgi?filename=cupsomatic&show=0" target="_top">cupsomatic</a>.
cupsomatic ran the printfile through Ghostscript, constructing
automatically the rather complicated command line needed. It just
attached the Linuxprinting.org PPDs for CUPS. It had a different
"*omatic" script for every spooler, as well as different printer
configuration files..
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2919272"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>Grand Unification</em></span>
-achieved...</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
9284"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2916817"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>Grand Unification</em></span>
+achieved...</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id291
6829"></a><p>
This all has changed in Foomatic versions 2.9 (Beta) and released as
"stable" 3.0. This has now achieved the convergence of all *omatic
scripts: it is called the <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic2.9/download.cgi?filename=foomatic-rip&show=0" target="_top">foomatic-rip</a>.
from different paper trays within the same job (in both cases: even
where there is no support for this from Windows-based vendor printer
drivers).
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
9366"></a>Driver Development outside</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
6912"></a>Driver Development outside</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Most driver development itself does not happen within
Linuxprinting.org. Drivers are written by independent maintainers.
Linuxprinting.org just pools all the information, and stores it in its
directed by Robert Krawitz, which has achieved an amazing level of
photo print quality (many Epson users swear that its quality is
better than the vendor drivers provided by Epson for the Microsoft
-platforms). This currently supports 522 models.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2919448"></a>Forums, Downloads, Tutorials, Howtos -- also for Mac OS X and
+platforms). This currently supports 522 models.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2916991"></a>Forums, Downloads, Tutorials, Howtos -- also for Mac OS X and
commercial UNIX</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Linuxprinting.org today is the one-stop "shop" to download printer
drivers. Look for printer information and <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org//kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/" target="_top">tutorials</a>
Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft is doing an excellent job in his
spare time to maintain Linuxprinting.org and Foomatic. So if you use
it often, please send him a note showing your appreciation.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
9519"></a>Foomatic Database generated PPDs</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id291
7064"></a>Foomatic Database generated PPDs</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Foomatic database is an amazing piece of ingenuity in itself. Not
only does it keep the printer and driver information, but it is
organized in a way that it can generate "PPD" files "on the fly" from
or the GNOME <a href="http://gtklp.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">"gtklp"</a>, "xpp" and the CUPS
web interface) read the PPD too and use this information to present
the available settings to the user as an intuitive menu selection.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
9583"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id291
7129"></a>foomatic-rip and Foomatic-PPD Download and Installation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Here are the steps to install a foomatic-rip driven "LaserJet 4 Plus"
compatible printer in CUPS (note that recent distributions of SuSE,
UnitedLinux and Mandrake may ship with a complete package of
the selected "driver" for your model (as shown by "gs
-h")</p></li><li><p>foomatic-rip needs a new version of PPDs (PPD versions
produced for cupsomatic don't work with
-foomatic-rip).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
20055"></a>Page Accounting with CUPS</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2920064"></a><p>
+foomatic-rip).</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
17602"></a>Page Accounting with CUPS</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2917611"></a><p>
Often there are questions regarding "print quotas" wherein Samba users
(that is, Windows clients) should not be able to print beyond a
certain amount of pages or data volume per day, week or month. This
there is CUPS. CUPS supports "quotas" which can be based on sizes of
jobs or on the number of pages or both, and are spanning any time
period you want.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20098"></a>Setting up Quotas</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2920107"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
17645"></a>Setting up Quotas</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2917653"></a><p>
This is an example command how root would set a print quota in CUPS,
assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter":
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
20124"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
17671"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 \
-o job-k-limit=1024 -o job-page-limit=100</tt></b>
</pre><p>
This would limit every single user to print 100 pages or 1024 KB of
data (whichever comes first) within the last 604,800 seconds ( = 1
week).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20162"></a>Correct and incorrect Accounting</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
17708"></a>Correct and incorrect Accounting</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS
"pstops" filter, otherwise it uses a "dummy" count of "1". Some
printfiles don't pass it (eg: image files) but then those are mostly 1
convert the file to a print-ready format for the target printer. This
will be working for currently about 1,000 different printer models,
see <a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">the driver list at linuxprinting.org/</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20202"></a>Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
17748"></a>Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before CUPS-1.1.16 your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript
Driver on the Windows clients. The output of this driver was not
always passed through the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and
Windows NT/2K/XP clients" (which is tagged in the download area of
http://www.cups.org/ as the "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz" package). It does
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> work for Win9x/ME clients. But it guarantees:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id29
20239"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p>to not write an PJL-header</p></li><li><p>to still read and support all PJL-options named in the
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><a class="indexterm" name="id29
17786"></a><ul type="disc"><li><p>to not write an PJL-header</p></li><li><p>to still read and support all PJL-options named in the
driver PPD with its own means</p></li><li><p> that the file will pass through the "pstops" filter
on the CUPS/Samba server</p></li><li><p>to page-count correctly the
printfile</p></li></ul></div><p>
You can read more about the setup of this combination in the manpage
for "cupsaddsmb" (which is only present with CUPS installed, and only
current from CUPS 1.1.16).
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20282"></a>The page_log File Syntax</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2920291"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
17829"></a>The page_log File Syntax</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2917838"></a><p>
These are the items CUPS logs in the "page_log" for every
single <span class="emphasis"><em>page</em></span> of a job:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Printer name</p></li><li><p>User name</p></li><li><p>Job ID</p></li><li><p>Time of printing</p></li><li><p>the page number</p></li><li><p>the number of copies</p></li><li><p>a billing information string
from IP address 10.160.50.13. The next job had ID "402", was sent by
user "boss" from IP address 10.160.51.33,printed from one page 440
copies and is set to be billed to "finance-dep".
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20392"></a>Possible Shortcomings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
17938"></a>Possible Shortcomings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
What flaws or shortcomings are there with this quota system?
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the ones named above (wrongly logged job in case of
printer hardware failure, etc.)</p></li><li><p>in reality, CUPS counts the job pages that are being
"used-up" number of current quota</p></li><li><p>a user having used up 99 sheets of 100 quota will
still be able to send and print a 1,000 sheet job</p></li><li><p>a user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota
doesn't get a meaningful error message from CUPS other than
-"client-error-not-possible".</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20463"></a>Future Developments</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+"client-error-not-possible".</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
18010"></a>Future Developments</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This is the best system currently available, and there are huge
improvements under development for CUPS 1.2:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>page counting will go into the "backends" (these talk
actual printing process: thus a jam at the 5th sheet will lead to a
stop in the counting)</p></li><li><p>quotas will be handled more flexibly</p></li><li><p>probably there will be support for users to inquire
their "accounts" in advance</p></li><li><p>probably there will be support for some other tools
-around this topic</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20510"></a>Other Accounting Tools</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+around this topic</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
18058"></a>Other Accounting Tools</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
PrintAnalyzer, pyKota, printbill, LogReport.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
20525"></a>Additional Material</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
18072"></a>Additional Material</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A printer queue with <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span> PPD associated to it is a
"raw" printer and all files will go directly there as received by the
spooler. The exceptions are file types "application/octet-stream"
allowed to have direct access (such as when the operators often need
to load the proper paper type before running the 10,000 page job
requested by marketing for the mailing, etc.).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
20734"></a>Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
18267"></a>Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba print files pass through two "spool" directories. One is the
-incoming directory managed by Samba, (set in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2920747"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba directive in the
+incoming directory managed by Samba, (set in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2918280"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> = /var/spool/samba directive in the
<i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i> section of
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>). The other is the spool directory of
your UNIX print subsystem. For CUPS it is normally
<tt class="filename">/var/spool/cups/</tt>, as set by the cupsd.conf
directive <tt class="filename">RequestRoot /var/spool/cups</tt>.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20792"></a>CUPS Configuration Settings explained</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
18326"></a>CUPS Configuration Settings explained</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Some important parameter settings in the CUPS configuration file
<tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> are:
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">PreserveJobHistory Yes</span></dt><dd><p>
</p></dd></dl></div><p>
(There are also additional settings for "MaxJobsPerUser" and
"MaxJobsPerPrinter"...)
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
20874"></a>Pre-conditions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
18407"></a>Pre-conditions</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
For everything to work as announced, you need to have three
things:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a Samba-smbd which is compiled against "libcups" (Check
on Linux by running "ldd `which smbd`")</p></li><li><p>a Samba-<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> setting of
- <a class="indexterm" name="id29
20908"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups</p></li><li><p>another Samba-<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> setting of
- <a class="indexterm" name="id29
20935"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id29
18443"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups</p></li><li><p>another Samba-<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> setting of
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id29
18469"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printcap</tt></i> = cups</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
In this case all other manually set printing-related commands (like
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2920956"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2920970"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2920983"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2920998"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i> or
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2921012"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>) are ignored and they should normally have no
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2918490"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2918504"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpq command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2918518"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lprm command</tt></i>,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2918532"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lppause command</tt></i> or
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2918546"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>) are ignored and they should normally have no
influence what-so-ever on your printing.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
21030"></a>Manual Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-If you want to do things manually, replace the <a class="indexterm" name="id2921040"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups
-by <a class="indexterm" name="id2921054"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd. Then your manually set commands may work
-(haven't tested this), and a <a class="indexterm" name="id2921069"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> = lp -d %P %s; rm %s"
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
18564"></a>Manual Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+If you want to do things manually, replace the <a class="indexterm" name="id2918574"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = cups
+by <a class="indexterm" name="id2918588"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printing</tt></i> = bsd. Then your manually set commands may work
+(haven't tested this), and a <a class="indexterm" name="id2918604"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>print command</tt></i> = lp -d %P %s; rm %s"
may do what you need.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
21088"></a>In Case of Trouble.....</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
18622"></a>In Case of Trouble.....</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you have more problems, post the output of these commands
to the CUPS or Samba mailing lists (choose the one which seems more
relevant to your problem):
are using! This saves bandwidth and makes for easier readability
for experts (and you are expecting experts to read them, right?
;-)
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2921154"></a>Printing <span class="emphasis"><em>from</em></span> CUPS to Windows attached
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2918682"></a>Printing <span class="emphasis"><em>from</em></span> CUPS to Windows attached
Printers</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
From time to time the question arises, how you can print
<span class="emphasis"><em>to</em></span> a Windows attached printer
working netbios name resolution up and running. Note that this is a
feature of CUPS and you don't necessarily need to have smbd running
(but who wants that? :-).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
21434"></a>More CUPS filtering Chains</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
18955"></a>More CUPS filtering Chains</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following diagrams reveal how CUPS handles print jobs.
</p><div class="figure"><a name="cups1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.17. Filtering chain 1</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/cups1.png" width="270" alt="Filtering chain 1"></div></div><div class="figure"><a name="cups2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.18. Filtering chain with cupsomatic</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/cups2.png" width="270" alt="Filtering chain with cupsomatic"></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rastertosomething is noted.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
921535"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921542"></a>Win9x client can't install driver</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>For Win9x clients require the printer names to be 8
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
796634"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2796642"></a>Win9x client can't install driver</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>For Win9x clients require the printer names to be 8
chars (or "8 plus 3 chars suffix") max; otherwise the driver files
won't get transferred when you want to download them from
-Samba.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921558"></a>"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
- neverending loop</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Have you <a class="indexterm" name="id2921569"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user? Have
+Samba.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919061"></a>"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
+ neverending loop</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Have you <a class="indexterm" name="id2919072"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user? Have
you used <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> to give root a Samba account?
You can do 2 things: open another terminal and execute
<b class="command">smbpasswd -a root</b> to create the account, and
continue with entering the password into the first terminal. Or break
out of the loop by hitting ENTER twice (without trying to type a
-password).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921604"></a>"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
+password).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919107"></a>"cupsaddsmb" gives "No PPD file for printer..."
message while PPD file is present</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Have you enabled printer sharing on CUPS? This means:
do you have a <i class="parameter"><tt><Location
/printers>....</Location></tt></i> section in CUPS
"TempDir" directive in
<span class="emphasis"><em>cupsd.conf</em></span>
set to a valid value and is it writeable?
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
21660"></a>Client can't connect to Samba printer</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use <b class="command">smbstatus</b> to check which user
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
19163"></a>Client can't connect to Samba printer</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use <b class="command">smbstatus</b> to check which user
you are from Samba's point of view. Do you have the privileges to
write into the <i class="parameter"><tt>[print$]</tt></i>
-share?</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921688"></a>Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
+share?</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919497"></a>Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
from Win2K/XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Once you are connected as the "wrong" user (for
example as "nobody", which often occurs if you have
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2921701"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user), Windows Explorer will not accept an
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919510"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user), Windows Explorer will not accept an
attempt to connect again as a different user. There won't be any byte
transfered on the wire to Samba, but still you'll see a stupid error
message which makes you think that Samba has denied access. Use
different account. Now open the "Printers" folder (on the Samba server
in the <span class="emphasis"><em>Network Neighbourhood</em></span>), right-click the
printer in question and select
-<span class="emphasis"><em>Connect...</em></span></p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921914"></a>Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
+<span class="emphasis"><em>Connect...</em></span></p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919582"></a>Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
"wrong" user</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>You see per <b class="command">smbstatus</b> that you are
connected as user "nobody"; while you wanted to be "root" or
"printeradmin"? This is probably due to
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2921934"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user, which silently connects you under the guest account,
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919603"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i> = bad user, which silently connects you under the guest account,
when you gave (maybe by accident) an incorrect username. Remove
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2921951"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i>, if you want to prevent
-this.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921967"></a>Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919619"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>map to guest</tt></i>, if you want to prevent
+this.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919635"></a>Upgrading to CUPS drivers from Adobe drivers on
NT/2K/XP clients gives problems</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>First delete all "old" Adobe-using printers. Then
delete all "old" Adobe drivers. (On Win2K/XP, right-click in
background of "Printers" folder, select "Server Properties...", select
-tab "Drivers" and delete here).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2921981"></a>Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
+tab "Drivers" and delete here).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919649"></a>Can't use "cupsaddsmb" on Samba server which is
a PDC</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Do you use the "naked" root user name? Try to do it
this way: <b class="userinput"><tt>cupsaddsmb -U <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMAINNAME</tt></i>\\root -v
<i class="replaceable"><tt>printername</tt></i></tt></b>> (note the two backslashes: the first one is
-required to "escape" the second one).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
22010"></a>Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Deleting a printer on the client won't delete the
+required to "escape" the second one).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
19678"></a>Deleted Win2K printer driver is still shown</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Deleting a printer on the client won't delete the
driver too (to verify, right-click on the white background of the
"Printers" folder, select "Server Properties" and click on the
"Drivers" tab). These same old drivers will be re-used when you try to
install a printer with the same name. If you want to update to a new
driver, delete the old ones first. Deletion is only possible if no
-other printer uses the same driver.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922027"></a>Win2K/XP "Local Security
+other printer uses the same driver.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919695"></a>Win2K/XP "Local Security
Policies"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Local Security Policies</em></span> may not
allow the installation of unsigned drivers. "Local Security Policies"
may not allow the installation of printer drivers at
-all.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922043"></a>WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
+all.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919711"></a>WinXP clients: "Administrator can not install
printers for all local users"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Windows XP handles SMB printers on a "per-user" basis.
This means every user needs to install the printer himself. To have a
printer available for everybody, you might want to use the built-in
<span class="emphasis"><em>http://cupsserver:631/printers/printername</em></span>.
Still looking into this one: maybe a "logon script" could
automatically install printers for all
-users.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922065"></a>"Print Change Notify" functions on
+users.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919733"></a>"Print Change Notify" functions on
NT-clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>For "print change notify" functions on NT++ clients,
these need to run the "Server" service first (re-named to
<span class="emphasis"><em>File & Print Sharing for MS Networks</em></span> in
-XP).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
22084"></a>WinXP-SP1</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>WinXP-SP1 introduced a <span class="emphasis"><em>Point and Print
+XP).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
19752"></a>WinXP-SP1</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>WinXP-SP1 introduced a <span class="emphasis"><em>Point and Print
Restriction Policy</em></span> (this restriction doesn't apply to
"Administrator" or "Power User" groups of users). In Group Policy
Object Editor: go to <span class="emphasis"><em>User Configuration,
and Print to machines in their Forest</em></span> . You probably need
to change it to <span class="emphasis"><em>Disabled</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>Users can
only Point and Print to these servers</em></span> in order to make
-driver downloads from Samba possible.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
22126"></a>Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>How are you doing it? I bet the wrong way (it is not
+driver downloads from Samba possible.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
19794"></a>Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>How are you doing it? I bet the wrong way (it is not
very easy to find out, though). There are 3 different ways to bring
you to a dialog that <span class="emphasis"><em>seems</em></span> to set everything. All
three dialogs <span class="emphasis"><em>look</em></span> the same. Only one of them
one, which you arrived at with steps "C.1.-6." will save any settings
permanently and be the defaults for new users. If you want all clients
to get the same defaults, you need to conduct these steps <span class="emphasis"><em>as
-Administrator</em></span> (<a class="indexterm" name="id2922359"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> in
+Administrator</em></span> (<a class="indexterm" name="id2920027"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>printer admin</tt></i> in
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>) <span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span> a client
downloads the driver (the clients can later set their own
<span class="emphasis"><em>per-user defaults</em></span> by following the
procedures <span class="emphasis"><em>A.</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>B.</em></span>
-above).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922400"></a>Most common blunders in driver
+above).</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920067"></a>Most common blunders in driver
settings on Windows clients</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Don't use <span class="emphasis"><em>Optimize for
Speed</em></span>: use <span class="emphasis"><em>Optimize for
Portability</em></span> instead (Adobe PS Driver) Don't use
<span class="emphasis"><em>TrueType Download Options</em></span>
choose <span class="emphasis"><em>Outline</em></span>. Use PostScript
Level 2, if you are having trouble with a non-PS printer, and if
-there is a choice.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922445"></a><b class="command">cupsaddsmb</b> does not work
+there is a choice.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920114"></a><b class="command">cupsaddsmb</b> does not work
with newly installed printer</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Symptom: the last command of
<b class="command">cupsaddsmb</b> doesn't complete successfully:
<b class="command">cmd = setdriver printername printername</b> result was
hostname -c 'enumprinters'</b>? Restart smbd (or send a
<b class="command">kill -HUP</b> to all processes listed by
<b class="command">smbstatus</b> and try
-again.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922506"></a>Permissions on
+again.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920175"></a>Permissions on
<tt class="filename">/var/spool/samba/</tt> get reset after each
reboot</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Have you by accident set the CUPS spool directory to
the same location? (<i class="parameter"><tt>RequestRoot
/var/spool/samba/</tt></i> in <tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> or
the other way round: <tt class="filename">/var/spool/cups/</tt> is set as
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2922545"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>> in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2920213"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i>> in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i>
section). These <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> be different. Set
<i class="parameter"><tt>RequestRoot /var/spool/cups/</tt></i> in
-<tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2922584"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> =
+<tt class="filename">cupsd.conf</tt> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2920252"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> =
/var/spool/samba in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[printers]</tt></i>
section of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Otherwise cupsd will
sanitize permissions to its spool directory with each restart, and
-printing will not work reliably.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922615"></a>Printer named "lp"
+printing will not work reliably.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920284"></a>Printer named "lp"
intermittently swallows jobs and spits out completely different
ones</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>It is a very bad idea to name any printer "lp". This
is the traditional UNIX name for the default printer. CUPS may be set
tight control over the printer names, set <i class="parameter"><tt>BrowseShortNames
No</tt></i>. It will present any printer as "printername@cupshost"
then, giving you a better control over what may happen in a large
-networked environment.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2646"></a>Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use <b class="command">smbclient</b> to connect to any
+networked environment.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
0314"></a>Location of Adobe PostScript driver files necessary for "cupsaddsmb"</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use <b class="command">smbclient</b> to connect to any
Windows box with a shared PostScript printer: <b class="command">smbclient
//windowsbox/print\$ -U guest</b>. You can navigate to the
<tt class="filename">W32X86/2</tt> subdir to <b class="command">mget ADOBE*</b>
and other files or to <tt class="filename">WIN40/0</tt> to do the same. --
Another option is to download the <tt class="filename">*.exe</tt> packaged
-files from the Adobe website.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
2701"></a>An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="figure"><a name="a_small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.19. CUPS Printing Overview</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/a_small.png" width="270" alt="CUPS Printing Overview"></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="VFS"></a>Chapter 20. Stackable VFS modules</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tim</span> <span class="surname">Potter</span></h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Simo</span> <span class="surname">Sorce</span></h3><span class="contrib">original vfs_skel README</span></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Alexander</span> <span class="surname">Bokovoy</span></h3><span class="contrib">original vfs_netatalk docs</span></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stefan</span> <span class="surname">Metzmacher</span></h3><span class="contrib">Update for multiple modules</span></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2922871">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922889">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923117">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923124">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923166">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923296">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923316">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923485">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923530">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923552">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923606">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2922871"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+files from the Adobe website.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
0369"></a>An Overview of the CUPS Printing Processes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="figure"><a name="a_small"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 19.19. CUPS Printing Overview</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/a_small.png" width="270" alt="CUPS Printing Overview"></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="VFS"></a>Chapter 20. Stackable VFS modules</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tim</span> <span class="surname">Potter</span></h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Simo</span> <span class="surname">Sorce</span></h3><span class="contrib">original vfs_skel README</span></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Alexander</span> <span class="surname">Bokovoy</span></h3><span class="contrib">original vfs_netatalk docs</span></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stefan</span> <span class="surname">Metzmacher</span></h3><span class="contrib">Update for multiple modules</span></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2920538">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920556">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920786">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2920793">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920835">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920965">fake_perms</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2920984">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921153">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921198">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921220">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921286">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2920538"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since Samba-3, there is support for stackable VFS(Virtual File System) modules.
Samba passes each request to access the unix file system thru the loaded VFS modules.
This chapter covers all the modules that come with the samba source and references to
some external modules.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
2889"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
0556"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If not supplied with your platform distribution binary Samba package you may have problems
to compile these modules, as shared libraries are compiled and linked in different ways
on different systems. They currently have been tested against GNU/Linux and IRIX.
</p><p>
To use the VFS modules, create a share similar to the one below. The
-important parameter is the <a class="indexterm" name="id2922910"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects</tt></i> parameter where
+important parameter is the <a class="indexterm" name="id2920577"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects</tt></i> parameter where
you can list one or more VFS modules by name. For example, to log all access
to files and put deleted files in a recycle bin:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
2927"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 20.1. smb.conf with VFS modules</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[audit]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Audited /data directory</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects = audit recycle</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
0594"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 20.1. smb.conf with VFS modules</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[audit]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Audited /data directory</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects = audit recycle</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><p>
The modules are used in the order in which they are specified.
</p><p>
Some modules can be used twice for the same share.
This can be done using a configuration similar to the one below.
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
3026"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 20.2. smb.conf with multiple VFS modules</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[test]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = VFS TEST</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects = example:example1 example example:test</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>example1: parameter = 1</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>example: parameter = 5</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>test: parameter = 7</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
3117"></a>Included modules</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2923124"></a>audit</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
0694"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 20.2. smb.conf with multiple VFS modules</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[test]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = VFS TEST</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /data</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>writeable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>browseable = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>vfs objects = example:example1 example example:test</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>example1: parameter = 1</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>example: parameter = 5</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>test: parameter = 7</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
0786"></a>Included modules</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920793"></a>audit</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A simple module to audit file access to the syslog
facility. The following operations are logged:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>share</p></li><li><p>connect/disconnect</p></li><li><p>directory opens/create/remove</p></li><li><p>file open/close/rename/unlink/chmod</p></li></ul></div><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3166"></a>extd_audit</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
0835"></a>extd_audit</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This module is identical with the <span class="emphasis"><em>audit</em></span> module above except
that it sends audit logs to both syslog as well as the smbd log file/s. The
loglevel for this module is set in the smb.conf file.
</p><p>
The logging information that will be written to the smbd log file is controlled by
- the <a class="indexterm" name="id2923190"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> parameter in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. The
+ the <a class="indexterm" name="id2920859"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> parameter in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. The
following information will be recorded:
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id292
3214"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 20.1. Extended Auditing Log Information</b></p><table summary="Extended Auditing Log Information" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Log Level</th><th align="center">Log Details - File and Directory Operations</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">0</td><td align="left">Creation / Deletion</td></tr><tr><td align="center">1</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Permission Changes</td></tr><tr><td align="center">2</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Perm Change / Open / Close</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2923296"></a>fake_perms</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id292
0882"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 20.1. Extended Auditing Log Information</b></p><table summary="Extended Auditing Log Information" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Log Level</th><th align="center">Log Details - File and Directory Operations</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">0</td><td align="left">Creation / Deletion</td></tr><tr><td align="center">1</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Permission Changes</td></tr><tr><td align="center">2</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Perm Change / Open / Close</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2920965"></a>fake_perms</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This module was created to allow Roaming Profile files and directories to be set (on the Samba server
under Unix) as read only. This module will if installed on the Profiles share will report to the client
that the Profile files and directories are writable. This satisfies the client even though the files
will never be overwritten as the client logs out or shuts down.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3316"></a>recycle</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
0984"></a>recycle</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A recycle-bin like module. When used any unlink call
will be intercepted and files moved to the recycle
directory instead of being deleted. This gives the same
these directories are deleted, they are not put into the
recycle bin, but deleted in the regular way.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">recycle:noversions</span></dt><dd><p>Opposite of <i class="parameter"><tt>recycle:versions</tt></i>. If both options are specified, this one takes precedence.</p></dd></dl></div><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3485"></a>netatalk</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1153"></a>netatalk</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A netatalk module, that will ease co-existence of samba and
netatalk file sharing services.
</p><p>Advantages compared to the old netatalk module:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>it doesn't care about creating of .AppleDouble forks, just keeps them in sync</p></li><li><p>if a share in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> doesn't contain .AppleDouble item in hide or veto list, it will be added automatically</p></li></ul></div><p>
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
3530"></a>VFS modules available elsewhere</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
1198"></a>VFS modules available elsewhere</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section contains a listing of various other VFS modules that
have been posted but don't currently reside in the Samba CVS
tree for one reason or another (e.g. it is easy for the maintainer
</p><p>
No statements about the stability or functionality of any module
should be implied due to its presence here.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3552"></a>DatabaseFS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1220"></a>DatabaseFS</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
URL: <a href="http://www.css.tayloru.edu/~elorimer/databasefs/index.php" target="_top">http://www.css.tayloru.edu/~elorimer/databasefs/index.php</a>
</p><p>By <a href="mailto:elorimer@css.tayloru.edu" target="_top">Eric Lorimer</a>.</p><p>
I have created a VFS module which implements a fairly complete read-only
Any feedback would be appreciated: comments, suggestions, patches,
etc... If nothing else, hopefully it might prove useful for someone
else who wishes to create a virtual filesystem.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3606"></a>vscan</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>URL: <a href="http://www.openantivirus.org/" target="_top">http://www.openantivirus.org/</a></p><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1286"></a>vscan</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>URL: <a href="http://www.openantivirus.org/" target="_top">http://www.openantivirus.org/</a></p><p>
samba-vscan is a proof-of-concept module for Samba, which
uses the VFS (virtual file system) features of Samba 2.2.x/3.0
alphaX. Of course, Samba has to be compiled with VFS support.
samba-vscan supports various virus scanners and is maintained
by Rainer Link.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="winbind"></a>Chapter 21. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tim</span> <span class="surname">Potter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tpot@linuxcare.com.au">tpot@linuxcare.com.au</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Naag</span> <span class="surname">Mummaneni</span></h3><span class="contrib">Notes for Solaris</span><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:getnag@rediffmail.com">getnag@rediffmail.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="surname">Trostel</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">SNAP<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jtrostel@snapserver.com">jtrostel@snapserver.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">27 June 2002</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
3836">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923931">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924016">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924136">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924169">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924320">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924402">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924435">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924463">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924471">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924538">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924632">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926199">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926218">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926270">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2923836"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="winbind"></a>Chapter 21. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Tim</span> <span class="surname">Potter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tpot@linuxcare.com.au">tpot@linuxcare.com.au</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Naag</span> <span class="surname">Mummaneni</span></h3><span class="contrib">Notes for Solaris</span><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:getnag@rediffmail.com">getnag@rediffmail.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="surname">Trostel</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">SNAP<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jtrostel@snapserver.com">jtrostel@snapserver.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">27 June 2002</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
1516">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921611">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921688">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921756">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2921786">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2921815">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921849">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2921872">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922009">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922081">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922128">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2922156">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2922164">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922231">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2922333">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2923890">Conclusion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2923909">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2923962">NSCD Problem Warning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2921516"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Integration of UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT through a unified logon has
been considered a "holy grail" in heterogeneous computing environments for
a long time.
If winbindd is not running, then smbd (which calls winbindd) will fall back to
using purely local information from /etc/passwd and /etc/group and no dynamic
mapping will be used.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
3931"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>It is well known that UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT have
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
1611"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>It is well known that UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT have
different models for representing user and group information and
use different technologies for implementing them. This fact has
made it difficult to integrate the two systems in a satisfactory
tasks for the system administrator when maintaining users and
groups on either system. The winbind system provides a simple
and elegant solution to all three components of the unified logon
- problem.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4016"></a>What Winbind Provides</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind unifies UNIX and Windows NT account management by
+ problem.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
1688"></a>What Winbind Provides</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind unifies UNIX and Windows NT account management by
allowing a UNIX box to become a full member of a NT domain. Once
this is done the UNIX box will see NT users and groups as if
they were native UNIX users and groups, allowing the NT domain
to provide authentication via a NT domain to any PAM enabled
applications. This capability solves the problem of synchronizing
passwords between systems since all passwords are stored in a single
- location (on the domain controller).</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4076"></a>Target Uses</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind is targeted at organizations that have an
+ location (on the domain controller).</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1756"></a>Target Uses</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind is targeted at organizations that have an
existing NT based domain infrastructure into which they wish
to put UNIX workstations or servers. Winbind will allow these
organizations to deploy UNIX workstations without having to
be used is as a central part of UNIX based appliances. Appliances
that provide file and print services to Microsoft based networks
will be able to use Winbind to provide seamless integration of
- the appliance into the domain.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4107"></a>How Winbind Works</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>The winbind system is designed around a client/server
+ the appliance into the domain.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
1786"></a>How Winbind Works</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>The winbind system is designed around a client/server
architecture. A long running <b class="command">winbindd</b> daemon
listens on a UNIX domain socket waiting for requests
to arrive. These requests are generated by the NSS and PAM
clients and processed sequentially.</p><p>The technologies used to implement winbind are described
- in detail below.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4136"></a>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Over the last few years, efforts have been underway
+ in detail below.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1815"></a>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Over the last few years, efforts have been underway
by various Samba Team members to decode various aspects of
the Microsoft Remote Procedure Call (MSRPC) system. This
system is used for most network related operations between
users or groups. Other MSRPC calls can be used to authenticate
NT domain users and to change user passwords. By directly querying
a Windows PDC for user and group information, winbind maps the
- NT account information onto UNIX user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4169"></a>Microsoft Active Directory Services</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ NT account information onto UNIX user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1849"></a>Microsoft Active Directory Services</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since late 2001, Samba has gained the ability to
interact with Microsoft Windows 2000 using its 'Native
Mode' protocols, rather than the NT4 RPC services.
same way as a Win2k client would, and in so doing
provide a much more efficient and
effective winbind implementation.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4192"></a>Name Service Switch</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>The Name Service Switch, or NSS, is a feature that is
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
1872"></a>Name Service Switch</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>The Name Service Switch, or NSS, is a feature that is
present in many UNIX operating systems. It allows system
information such as hostnames, mail aliases and user information
to be resolved from different sources. For example, a standalone
is to put <tt class="filename">libnss_winbind.so</tt> in <tt class="filename">/lib/</tt>
then add "winbind" into <tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> at
the appropriate place. The C library will then call Winbind to
- resolve user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4320"></a>Pluggable Authentication Modules</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Pluggable Authentication Modules, also known as PAM,
+ resolve user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2009"></a>Pluggable Authentication Modules</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Pluggable Authentication Modules, also known as PAM,
is a system for abstracting authentication and authorization
technologies. With a PAM module it is possible to specify different
authentication methods for different system applications without
is copied to <tt class="filename">/lib/security/</tt> and the PAM
control files for relevant services are updated to allow
authentication via winbind. See the PAM documentation
- for more details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4402"></a>User and Group ID Allocation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>When a user or group is created under Windows NT
+ for more details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2081"></a>User and Group ID Allocation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>When a user or group is created under Windows NT
is it allocated a numerical relative identifier (RID). This is
slightly different to UNIX which has a range of numbers that are
used to identify users, and the same range in which to identify
time, winbind will have mapped all Windows NT users and groups
to UNIX user ids and group ids.</p><p>The results of this mapping are stored persistently in
an ID mapping database held in a tdb database). This ensures that
- RIDs are mapped to UNIX IDs in a consistent way.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4435"></a>Result Caching</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>An active system can generate a lot of user and group
+ RIDs are mapped to UNIX IDs in a consistent way.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2128"></a>Result Caching</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>An active system can generate a lot of user and group
name lookups. To reduce the network cost of these lookups winbind
uses a caching scheme based on the SAM sequence number supplied
by NT domain controllers. User or group information returned
the PDC and compared against the sequence number of the cached entry.
If the sequence numbers do not match, then the cached information
is discarded and up to date information is requested directly
- from the PDC.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4463"></a>Installation and Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2924471"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ from the PDC.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
2156"></a>Installation and Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2922164"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section describes the procedures used to get winbind up and
running. Winbind is capable of providing access
and authentication control for Windows Domain users through an NT
SAMBA server, this HOWTO is for you. That said, I am no NT or PAM
expert, so you may find a better or easier way to accomplish
these tasks.
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4538"></a>Requirements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2231"></a>Requirements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you have a Samba configuration file that you are currently
using... <span class="emphasis"><em>BACK IT UP!</em></span> If your system already uses PAM,
<span class="emphasis"><em>back up the <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d</tt> directory
on your system. For recent RedHat systems (7.1, for instance), that
means <tt class="filename">pam-0.74-22</tt>. For best results, it is helpful to also
install the development packages in <tt class="filename">pam-devel-0.74-22</tt>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4632"></a>Testing Things Out</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
2333"></a>Testing Things Out</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before starting, it is probably best to kill off all the SAMBA
related daemons running on your server. Kill off all <span class="application">smbd</span>,
<span class="application">nmbd</span>, and <span class="application">winbindd</span> processes that may
and <tt class="filename">/usr/man</tt> entries for pam. Winbind built better
in SAMBA if the pam-devel package was also installed. This package includes
the header files needed to compile pam-aware applications.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2924694"></a>Configure <tt class="filename">nsswitch.conf</tt> and the
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2922395"></a>Configure <tt class="filename">nsswitch.conf</tt> and the
winbind libraries on Linux and Solaris</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The libraries needed to run the <span class="application">winbindd</span> daemon
through nsswitch need to be copied to their proper locations, so
</p><p>
This makes <tt class="filename">libnss_winbind</tt> available to winbindd
and echos back a check to you.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
4902"></a>NSS Winbind on AIX</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>(This section is only for those running AIX)</p><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
2602"></a>NSS Winbind on AIX</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>(This section is only for those running AIX)</p><p>
The winbind AIX identification module gets built as libnss_winbind.so in the
nsswitch directory of the samba source. This file can be copied to
/usr/lib/security, and the AIX naming convention would indicate that it
Chapter 18. Loadable Authentication Module Programming Interface</a>
and more information on administering the modules at <a href="http://publibn.boulder.ibm.com/doc_link/en_US/a_doc_lib/aixbman/baseadmn/iandaadmin.htm" target="_top">
"System Management Guide: Operating System and Devices"</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
4974"></a>Configure smb.conf</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
2674"></a>Configure smb.conf</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Several parameters are needed in the smb.conf file to control
the behavior of <span class="application">winbindd</span>. Configure
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> These are described in more detail in
the <a href="winbindd.8.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">winbindd</span>(8)</span></a> man page. My
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file was modified to
include the following entries in the [global] section:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
5020"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 21.1. smb.conf for winbind set-up</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td># separate domain and username with '+', like DOMAIN+username</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind separator = +</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># use uids from 10000 to 20000 for domain users</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid = 10000-20000</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># use gids from 10000 to 20000 for domain groups</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind gid = 10000-20000</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># allow enumeration of winbind users and groups</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind enum users = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind enum groups = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># give winbind users a real shell (only needed if they have telnet access)</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>template homedir = /home/winnt/%D/%U</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>template shell = /bin/bash</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2925132"></a>Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id292
2722"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 21.1. smb.conf for winbind set-up</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td># separate domain and username with '+', like DOMAIN+username</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind separator = +</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># use uids from 10000 to 20000 for domain users</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid = 10000-20000</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># use gids from 10000 to 20000 for domain groups</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind gid = 10000-20000</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># allow enumeration of winbind users and groups</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind enum users = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind enum groups = yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># give winbind users a real shell (only needed if they have telnet access)</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>template homedir = /home/winnt/%D/%U</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>template shell = /bin/bash</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2922833"></a>Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Enter the following command to make the SAMBA server join the
PDC domain, where <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> is the name of
your Windows domain and <i class="replaceable"><tt>Administrator</tt></i> is
The proper response to the command should be: "Joined the domain
<i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>" where <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>
is your DOMAIN name.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
5188"></a>Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
2889"></a>Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Eventually, you will want to modify your smb startup script to
automatically invoke the winbindd daemon when the other parts of
SAMBA start, but it is possible to test out just the winbind
CEO+krbtgt
CEO+TsInternetUser
</pre><p>
- Obviously, I have named my domain 'CEO' and my <a class="indexterm" name="id2925332"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind separator</tt></i> is '+'.
+ Obviously, I have named my domain 'CEO' and my <a class="indexterm" name="id2923034"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>winbind separator</tt></i> is '+'.
</p><p>
You can do the same sort of thing to get group information from
the PDC:
The same thing can be done for groups with the command
</p><p>
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>getent group</tt></b>
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
5436"></a>Fix the init.d startup scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2925443"></a>Linux</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
3138"></a>Fix the init.d startup scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2923145"></a>Linux</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <span class="application">winbindd</span> daemon needs to start up after the
<span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span> daemons are running.
To accomplish this task, you need to modify the startup scripts of your system.
echo ""
return $RETVAL
}
-</pre></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
5606"></a>Solaris</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind doesn't work on Solaris 9, see the <a href="#winbind-solaris9" title="Winbind on Solaris 9">Portability</a> chapter for details.</p><p>On Solaris, you need to modify the
+</pre></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
3308"></a>Solaris</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind doesn't work on Solaris 9, see the <a href="#winbind-solaris9" title="Winbind on Solaris 9">Portability</a> chapter for details.</p><p>On Solaris, you need to modify the
<tt class="filename">/etc/init.d/samba.server</tt> startup script. It usually
only starts smbd and nmbd but should now start winbindd too. If you
have samba installed in <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/bin</tt>,
</p><pre class="programlisting">
/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B
</pre><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
5716"></a>Restarting</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
3426"></a>Restarting</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you restart the <span class="application">smbd</span>, <span class="application">nmbd</span>, and <span class="application">winbindd</span> daemons at this point, you
should be able to connect to the samba server as a domain member just as
if you were a local user.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
5753"></a>Configure Winbind and PAM</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
3462"></a>Configure Winbind and PAM</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you have made it this far, you know that winbindd and samba are working
together. If you want to use winbind to provide authentication for other
services, keep reading. The pam configuration files need to be altered in
modules reside in <tt class="filename">/usr/lib/security</tt>.
</p><p>
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security</tt></b>
-</p><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
5859"></a>Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
3568"></a>Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/samba</tt> file does not need to be changed. I
just left this file as it was:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
the server, or change the home directory template to a general
directory for all domain users. These can be easily set using
the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> global entry
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2925966"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>template homedir</tt></i>.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2923675"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>template homedir</tt></i>.
</p><p>
The <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/ftp</tt> file can be changed
to allow winbind ftp access in a manner similar to the
</p><pre class="programlisting">sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass</pre><p>
line after the <b class="command">winbind.so</b> line to get rid of annoying
double prompts for passwords.
-</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
6090"></a>Solaris-specific configuration</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id292
3800"></a>Solaris-specific configuration</h5></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The /etc/pam.conf needs to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain
users can logon both locally as well as telnet.The following are the changes
that I made.You can customize the pam.conf file as per your requirements,but
</p><p>
Now restart your Samba and try connecting through your application that you
configured in the pam.conf.
-</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6199"></a>Conclusion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>The winbind system, through the use of the Name Service
+</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
3890"></a>Conclusion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>The winbind system, through the use of the Name Service
Switch, Pluggable Authentication Modules, and appropriate
Microsoft RPC calls have allowed us to provide seamless
integration of Microsoft Windows NT domain users on a
UNIX system. The result is a great reduction in the administrative
- cost of running a mixed UNIX and NT network.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6218"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind has a number of limitations in its current
+ cost of running a mixed UNIX and NT network.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
3909"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Winbind has a number of limitations in its current
released version that we hope to overcome in future
releases:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Winbind is currently only available for
the Linux, Solaris, AIX and IRIX operating systems, although ports to other operating
containing this information is corrupted or destroyed.</p></li><li><p>Currently the winbind PAM module does not take
into account possible workstation and logon time restrictions
that may be been set for Windows NT users, this is
- instead up to the PDC to enforce.</p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
6270"></a>NSCD Problem Warning</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+ instead up to the PDC to enforce.</p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
3962"></a>NSCD Problem Warning</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Do NOT under ANY circumstances run <b class="command">nscd</b> on any system
on which <b class="command">winbind</b> is running.
</p></div><p>
If <b class="command">nscd</b> is running on the UNIX/Linux system, then
even though NSSWITCH is correctly configured it will NOT be possible to resolve
domain users and groups for file and directory controls.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AdvancedNetworkManagement"></a>Chapter 22. Advanced Network Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
6379">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926410">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926508">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926526">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2926738">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927010">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927044">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AdvancedNetworkManagement"></a>Chapter 22. Advanced Network Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
4071">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924101">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924200">Remote Desktop Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924218">Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924438">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924711">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2924744">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><p>
This section documents peripheral issues that are of great importance to network
administrators who want to improve network resource access control, to automate the user
environment, and to make their lives a little easier.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6379"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4071"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Often the difference between a working network environment and a well appreciated one can
best be measured by the <span class="emphasis"><em>little things</em></span> that makes everything work more
harmoniously. A key part of every network environment solution is the ability to remotely
</p><p>
This chapter presents information on each of these area. They are placed here, and not in
other chapters, for ease of reference.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6410"></a>Remote Server Administration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4101"></a>Remote Server Administration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'?</em></span>
</p><p>
Since I don't need to buy an <span class="application">NT4 Server</span>, how do I get the 'User Manager for Domains',
The <span class="application">Windows NT 4.0</span> version of the 'User Manager for
Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp
from <a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE" target="_top">ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</a>
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6508"></a>Remote Desktop Management</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4200"></a>Remote Desktop Management</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a number of possible remote desktop management solutions that range from free
through costly. Do not let that put you off. Sometimes the most costly solutions is the
most cost effective. In any case, you will need to draw your own conclusions as to which
is the best tool in your network environment.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
6526"></a>Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4218"></a>Remote Management from NoMachines.Com</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following information was posted to the Samba mailing list at Apr 3 23:33:50 GMT 2003.
It is presented in slightly edited form (with author details omitted for privacy reasons).
The entire answer is reproduced below with some comments removed.
NoMachine are encouraging and offering help to OSS/Free Software implementations
for such a frontend too, even if it means competition to them (they have written
to this effect even to the LTSP, KDE and GNOME developer mailing lists)
- </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
6738"></a>Network Logon Script Magic</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4438"></a>Network Logon Script Magic</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section needs work. Volunteer contributions most welcome. Please send your patches or updates
to <a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">John Terpstra</a>.
</p><p>
</pre><p>
</p><p>
Those wishing to use more elaborate or capable logon processing system should check out the following sites:
-</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><a href="http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon" target="_top">http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.kixtart.org" target="_top">http://www.kixtart.org</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105</a></td></tr></table><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7010"></a>Adding printers without user intervention</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><a href="http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon" target="_top">http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.kixtart.org" target="_top">http://www.kixtart.org</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105</a></td></tr></table><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4711"></a>Adding printers without user intervention</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Printers may be added automatically during logon script processing through the use of:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
</pre><p>
See the documentation in the <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105" target="_top">Microsoft knowledgebase article no: 189105</a>.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
7044"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4744"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The information provided in this chapter has been reproduced from postings on the samba@samba.org
mailing list. No implied endorsement or recommendation is offered. Administrators should conduct
their own evaluation of alternatives and are encouraged to draw their own conclusions.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="PolicyMgmt"></a>Chapter 23. System and Account Policies</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
7123">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927177">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927288">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927384">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927516">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927780">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2927886">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927925">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927945">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2927990">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928140">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928154">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="PolicyMgmt"></a>Chapter 23. System and Account Policies</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
4822">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2924888">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2924999">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925094">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925227">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925491">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925596">Samba Editreg Toolset</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925636">Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925655">Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2925700">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925851">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2925865">Policy Does Not Work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This chapter summarises the current state of knowledge derived from personal
practice and knowledge from samba mailing list subscribers. Before reproduction
of posted information effort has been made to validate the information provided.
Where additional information was uncovered through this validation it is provided
also.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
7123"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4822"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When MS Windows NT3.5 was introduced the hot new topic was the ability to implement
Group Policies for users and group. Then along came MS Windows NT4 and a few sites
started to adopt this capability. How do we know that? By way of the number of "booboos"
</p><p>
A tool new to Samba may become an important part of the future Samba Administrators'
arsenal. The <b class="command">editreg</b> tool is described in this document.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
7177"></a>Creating and Managing System Policies</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
4888"></a>Creating and Managing System Policies</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Under MS Windows platforms, particularly those following the release of MS Windows
NT4 and MS Windows 95) it is possible to create a type of file that would be placed
in the NETLOGON share of a domain controller. As the client logs onto the network
</p><p>
What follows is a very brief discussion with some helpful notes. The information provided
here is incomplete - you are warned.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7288"></a>Windows 9x/Me Policies</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
4999"></a>Windows 9x/Me Policies</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You need the Win98 Group Policy Editor to set Group Profiles up under Windows 9x/Me.
It can be found on the Original full product Win98 installation CD under
<tt class="filename">tools/reskit/netadmin/poledit</tt>. Install this using the
<tt class="filename">grouppol.inf</tt>. Log off and on again a couple of times and see
if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs to be done on every
Win9x/Me machine that uses group policies.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7384"></a>Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5094"></a>Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To create or edit <tt class="filename">ntconfig.pol</tt> you must use the NT Server
Policy Editor, <b class="command">poledit.exe</b> which is included with NT4 Server
but <span class="emphasis"><em>not NT Workstation</em></span>. There is a Policy Editor on a NT4
be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template
files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible
location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
7493"></a>Registry Spoiling</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
5205"></a>Registry Spoiling</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
With NT4 style registry based policy changes, a large number of settings are not
automatically reversed as the user logs off. Since the settings that were in the
NTConfig.POL file were applied to the client machine registry and that apply to the
hive key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are permanent until explicitly reversed. This is known
as tattooing. It can have serious consequences down-stream and the administrator must
be extremely careful not to lock out the ability to manage the machine at a later date.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7516"></a>MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5227"></a>MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Windows NT4 System policies allows setting of registry parameters specific to
users, groups and computers (client workstations) that are members of the NT4
style domain. Such policy file will work with MS Windows 2000 / XP clients also.
to any number of concurrently applicable (and applied) policy sets (GPOs). Active Directory allows
the administrator to also set filters over the policy settings. No such equivalent capability
exists with NT4 style policy files.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
7629"></a>Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
5328"></a>Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Instead of using the tool called <span class="application">The System Policy Editor</span>, commonly called Poledit (from the
executable name <b class="command">poledit.exe</b>), <span class="acronym">GPOs</span> are created and managed using a
<span class="application">Microsoft Management Console</span> <span class="acronym">(MMC)</span> snap-in as follows:</p><div class="procedure"><ol type="1"><li><p>
The MS Windows 2000 Resource Kit contains a tool called gpolmig.exe. This tool can be used
to migrate an NT4 NTConfig.POL file into a Windows 200x style GPO. Be VERY careful how you
use this powerful tool. Please refer to the resource kit manuals for specific usage information.
- </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
7780"></a>Managing Account/User Policies</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
5491"></a>Managing Account/User Policies</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Policies can define a specific user's settings or the settings for a group of users. The resulting
policy file contains the registry settings for all users, groups, and computers that will be using
the policy file. Separate policy files for each user, group, or computer are not necessary.
Common restrictions that are frequently used includes:
</p><p>
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Logon Hours</p></li><li><p>Password Aging</p></li><li><p>Permitted Logon from certain machines only</p></li><li><p>Account type (Local or Global)</p></li><li><p>User Rights</p></li></ul></div><p>
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7886"></a>Samba Editreg Toolset</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5596"></a>Samba Editreg Toolset</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A new tool called <b class="command">editreg</b> is under development. This tool can be used
to edit registry files (called NTUser.DAT) that are stored in user and group profiles.
NTConfig.POL files have the same structure as the NTUser.DAT file and can be editted using
extended capabilities. It is proving difficult to realise this capability, so do not be surprised
if this feature does not materialise. Formal capabilities will be announced at the time that
this tool is released for production use.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7925"></a>Windows NT4/200x</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5636"></a>Windows NT4/200x</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The tools that may be used to configure these types of controls from the MS Windows environment are:
The NT4 User Manager for domains, the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor, the registry editor (regedt32.exe).
Under MS Windows 200x/XP this is done using the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) with appropriate
"snap-ins", the registry editor, and potentially also the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
7945"></a>Samba PDC</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5655"></a>Samba PDC</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
With a Samba Domain Controller, the new tools for managing of user account and policy information includes:
<b class="command">smbpasswd</b>, <b class="command">pdbedit</b>, <b class="command">net</b>, <b class="command">rpcclient</b>.
The administrator should read the
man pages for these tools and become familiar with their use.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
7990"></a>System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
5700"></a>System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following attempts to document the order of processing of system and user policies following a system
reboot and as part of the user logon:
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>
</p></li><li><p>
The User Interface as determined from the GPOs is presented. Note: In a Samba domain (like and NT4
Domain) machine (system) policies are applied at start-up, User policies are applied at logon.
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
8140"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
5851"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Policy related problems can be very difficult to diagnose and even more difficult to rectify. The following
collection demonstrates only basic issues.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
8154"></a>Policy Does Not Work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
5865"></a>Policy Does Not Work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">We have created the <tt class="filename">config.pol</tt> file and put it in the <span class="emphasis"><em>NETLOGON</em></span> share.
It has made no difference to our Win XP Pro machines, they just don't see it. IT worked fine with Win 98 but does not
work any longer since we upgraded to Win XP Pro. Any hints?</span>”
Policy files are NOT portable between Windows 9x / Me and MS Windows NT4 / 200x / XP based
platforms. You need to use the NT4 Group Policy Editor to create a file called <tt class="filename">NTConfig.POL</tt> so that
it is in the correct format for your MS Windows XP Pro clients.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ProfileMgmt"></a>Chapter 24. Desktop Profile Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
8255">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928289">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928330">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928820">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930060">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930144">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2930397">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930455">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930500">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930520">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930668">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931222">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931730">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931743">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931812">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932026">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2928255"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ProfileMgmt"></a>Chapter 24. Desktop Profile Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id292
5964">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2925999">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2926040">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2926530">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927776">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2927861">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2928114">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928172">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928216">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2928237">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928385">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2928939">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2929447">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2929460">Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929529">Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2929742">Changing the default profile</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2925964"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Roaming Profiles are feared by some, hated by a few, loved by many, and a Godsend for
some administrators.
</p><p>
be a sustained network connection, are often better served by purely Local Profiles.
This chapter provides information to help the Samba administrator to deal with those
situations also.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
8289"></a>Roaming Profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id292
5999"></a>Roaming Profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>
Roaming profiles support is different for Win9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x.
</p></div><p>
Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how
</p><p>
Windows NT4/200x clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields,
including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
8330"></a>Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
6040"></a>Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section documents how to configure Samba for MS Windows client profile support.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
8342"></a>NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
6053"></a>NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To support Windows NT4/200x clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the
following (for example):
</p><p>
MS Windows NT/2K clients at times do not disconnect a connection to a server
between logons. It is recommended to NOT use the <i class="parameter"><tt>homes</tt></i>
meta-service name as part of the profile share path.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
8450"></a>Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- To support Windows 9x / Me clients, you must use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2928462"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter. Samba has
+</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
6161"></a>Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ To support Windows 9x / Me clients, you must use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2926173"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter. Samba has
now been fixed so that <b class="userinput"><tt>net use /home</tt></b> now works as well, and it, too, relies
on the <b class="command">logon home</b> parameter.
</p><p>
Not only that, but <b class="userinput"><tt>net use /home</tt></b> will also work, because of a feature in
Windows 9x / Me. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area
and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you
-specified <tt class="filename">\\%L\%U</tt> for <a class="indexterm" name="id2928566"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i>.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
8582"></a>Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+specified <tt class="filename">\\%L\%U</tt> for <a class="indexterm" name="id2926277"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i>.
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
6293"></a>Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2928594"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2928608"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameters. For example:
-</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home = \\%L\%u\.profiles</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path = \\%L\profiles\%u</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
8649"></a>Disabling Roaming Profile Support</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2926306"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> and <a class="indexterm" name="id2926319"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameters. For example:
+</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home = \\%L\%u\.profiles</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path = \\%L\profiles\%u</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
6360"></a>Disabling Roaming Profile Support</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A question often asked is “<span class="quote">How may I enforce use of local profiles?</span>” or
“<span class="quote">How do I disable Roaming Profiles?</span>”
</p><p>
The specifics of how to convert a local profile to a roaming profile, or a roaming profile
to a local one vary according to the version of MS Windows you are running. Consult the
Microsoft MS Windows Resource Kit for your version of Windows for specific information.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
8820"></a>Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2928828"></a>Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id292
6530"></a>Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2926538"></a>Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created,
as are folders <tt class="filename">Start Menu</tt>, <tt class="filename">Desktop</tt>,
<tt class="filename">Programs</tt> and <tt class="filename">Nethood</tt>.
These directories and their contents will be merged with the local
versions stored in <tt class="filename">c:\windows\profiles\username</tt> on subsequent logins,
taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i>
-options <a class="indexterm" name="id2928884"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preserve case</tt></i> = yes, <a class="indexterm" name="id2928898"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>short preserve case</tt></i> = yes and
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2928912"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>case sensitive</tt></i> = no in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts
+options <a class="indexterm" name="id2926594"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preserve case</tt></i> = yes, <a class="indexterm" name="id2926609"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>short preserve case</tt></i> = yes and
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2926623"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>case sensitive</tt></i> = no in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts
in any of the profile folders.
</p><p>
The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to
<tt class="computeroutput">Do you wish to save the user's preferences?</tt>. Select <span class="guibutton">yes</span>.
</p><p>
Once the Windows 9x / Me client comes up with the desktop, you should be able
-to examine the contents of the directory specified in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2929100"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i>
+to examine the contents of the directory specified in the <a class="indexterm" name="id2926811"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i>
on the samba server and verify that the <tt class="filename">Desktop</tt>, <tt class="filename">Start Menu</tt>,
<tt class="filename">Programs</tt> and <tt class="filename">Nethood</tt> folders have been created.
</p><p>
</p></li><li><p>
log off the windows 9x / Me client.
</p></li><li><p>
- check the contents of the profile path (see <a class="indexterm" name="id2929306"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> described
+ check the contents of the profile path (see <a class="indexterm" name="id2927017"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> described
above), and delete the <tt class="filename">user.DAT</tt> or <tt class="filename">user.MAN</tt> file for the user,
making a backup if required.
</p></li></ol></div><p>
and / or netlogons on the Windows NT4/200x server. Make a packet trace, or examine
the example packet traces provided with Windows NT4/200x server, and see what the
differences are with the equivalent samba trace.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
9364"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
7080"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile
NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified
-through the <a class="indexterm" name="id2929377"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameter.
+through the <a class="indexterm" name="id2927093"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> parameter.
</p><p>
There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles:
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2929396"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon drive</tt></i>. This should be set to <tt class="filename">H:</tt> or any other drive, and
-should be used in conjunction with the new <a class="indexterm" name="id2929418"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2927113"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon drive</tt></i>. This should be set to <tt class="filename">H:</tt> or any other drive, and
+should be used in conjunction with the new <a class="indexterm" name="id2927135"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter.
</p><p>
The entry for the NT4 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT
help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS
</p><p>
The case of the profile is significant. The file must be called
<tt class="filename">NTuser.DAT</tt> or, for a mandatory profile, <tt class="filename">NTuser.MAN</tt>.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
9549"></a>Windows 2000/XP Professional</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id292
7266"></a>Windows 2000/XP Professional</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You must first convert the profile from a local profile to a domain
profile on the MS Windows workstation as follows:
</p><div class="procedure"><ol type="1"><li><p>
</p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guimenu">Start</span>, <span class="guimenuitem">Run</span></p></li><li><p>Type: <b class="userinput"><tt>mmc</tt></b></p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guibutton">OK</span></p></li><li><p>A Microsoft Management Console should appear.</p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guimenu">File</span>, <span class="guimenuitem">Add/Remove Snap-in...</span>, <span class="guimenuitem">Add</span></p></li><li><p>Double-Click: <span class="guiicon">Group Policy</span></p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guibutton">Finish</span>, <span class="guibutton">Close</span></p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guibutton">OK</span></p></li><li><p>In the "Console Root" window:</p></li><li><p>Expand: <span class="guiicon">Local Computer Policy</span>, <span class="guiicon">Computer Configuration</span>,
<span class="guiicon">Administrative Templates</span>, <span class="guiicon">System</span>, <span class="guiicon">User Profiles</span></p></li><li><p>Double-Click: <span class="guilabel">Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile Folders</span></p></li><li><p>Select: <span class="guilabel">Enabled</span></p></li><li><p>Click: <span class="guibutton">OK</span></p></li><li><p>Close the whole console. You do not need to save the settings (this
refers to the console settings rather than the policies you have
- changed).</p></li><li><p>Reboot</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
30060"></a>Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ changed).</p></li><li><p>Reboot</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
27776"></a>Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Sharing of desktop profiles between Windows versions is NOT recommended.
Desktop profiles are an evolving phenomenon and profiles for later versions
of MS Windows clients add features that may interfere with earlier versions
</p><p>
If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W9x/Me, you will
need to specify a common location for the profiles. The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameters
-that need to be common are <a class="indexterm" name="id2930096"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> and
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2930110"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i>.
+that need to be common are <a class="indexterm" name="id2927812"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path</tt></i> and
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2927827"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i>.
</p><p>
If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate <tt class="filename">user.DAT</tt> and
<tt class="filename">NTuser.DAT</tt> files in the same profile directory.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
30144"></a>Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
27861"></a>Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the
location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the
profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as
that SMB server supports encrypted passwords.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
30161"></a>Windows NT4 Profile Management Tools</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
27878"></a>Windows NT4 Profile Management Tools</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Unfortunately, the Resource Kit information is specific to the version of MS Windows
NT4/200x. The correct resource kit is required for each platform.
</p><p>
<tt class="filename">c:\temp\foobar</tt></p></li><li><p>Click on the button <span class="guibutton">Change</span> in the <span class="guilabel">Permitted to use</span> box.</p></li><li><p>Click on the group 'Everyone' and then click <span class="guibutton">OK</span>. This closes the
'choose user' box.</p></li><li><p>Now click <span class="guibutton">OK</span>.</p></li></ol></div><p>
Follow the above for every profile you need to migrate.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
30326"></a>Side bar Notes</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
28042"></a>Side bar Notes</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You should obtain the SID of your NT4 domain. You can use smbpasswd to do
-this. Read the man page.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
30340"></a>moveuser.exe</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+this. Read the man page.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
28057"></a>moveuser.exe</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The W2K professional resource kit has moveuser.exe. moveuser.exe changes
the security of a profile from one user to another. This allows the account
domain to change, and/or the user name to change.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
30356"></a>Get SID</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
28073"></a>Get SID</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can identify the SID by using GetSID.exe from the Windows NT Server 4.0
Resource Kit.
</p><p>
for the user whose locally cached profile you want to move, find the SID for
the user with the GetSID.exe utility.) Inside of the appropriate user's
subkey, you will see a string value named ProfileImagePath.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
30397"></a>Mandatory profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
28114"></a>Mandatory profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A Mandatory Profile is a profile that the user does NOT have the ability to overwrite.
During the user's session it may be possible to change the desktop environment, but
as the user logs out all changes made will be lost. If it is desired to NOT allow the
</p><p>
For MS Windows 9x / Me it is the <tt class="filename">User.DAT</tt> file that must be renamed to <tt class="filename">User.MAN</tt> to
affect a mandatory profile.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
30455"></a>Creating/Managing Group Profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
28172"></a>Creating/Managing Group Profiles</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Most organisations are arranged into departments. There is a nice benefit in
this fact since usually most users in a department will require the same desktop
applications and the same desktop layout. MS Windows NT4/200x/XP will allow the
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
Be careful with group profiles, if the user who is a member of a group also
has a personal profile, then the result will be a fusion (merge) of the two.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
30500"></a>Default Profile for Windows Users</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
28216"></a>Default Profile for Windows Users</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows 9x / Me and NT4/200x/XP will use a default profile for any user for whom
a profile does not already exist. Armed with a knowledge of where the default profile
is located on the Windows workstation, and knowing which registry keys affect the path
from which the default profile is created, it is possible to modify the default profile
to one that has been optimised for the site. This has significant administrative
advantages.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
30520"></a>MS Windows 9x/Me</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
28237"></a>MS Windows 9x/Me</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To enable default per use profiles in Windows 9x / Me you can either use the <span class="application">Windows 98 System
Policy Editor</span> or change the registry directly.
</p><p>
To modify the registry directly, launch the <span class="application">Registry Editor</span> (<b class="command">regedit.exe</b>), select the hive
<tt class="filename">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Network\Logon</tt>. Now add a DWORD type key with the name
"User Profiles", to enable user profiles set the value to 1, to disable user profiles set it to 0.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
30619"></a>How User Profiles Are Handled in Windows 9x / Me?</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id29
28336"></a>How User Profiles Are Handled in Windows 9x / Me?</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When a user logs on to a Windows 9x / Me machine, the local profile path,
<tt class="filename">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList</tt>, is checked
for an existing entry for that user:
machine is used and is copied to a newly created folder for the logged on user. At log off, any
changes that the user made are written to the user's local profile. If the user has a roaming
profile, the changes are written to the user's profile on the server.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
30668"></a>MS Windows NT4 Workstation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
28385"></a>MS Windows NT4 Workstation</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
On MS Windows NT4 the default user profile is obtained from the location
<tt class="filename">%SystemRoot%\Profiles</tt> which in a default installation will translate to
<tt class="filename">C:\WinNT\Profiles</tt>. Under this directory on a clean install there will be
</p><p>
The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are:
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
31019"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.1. User Shell Folder registry keys default values</b></p><table summary="User Shell Folder registry keys default values" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Default Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Desktop</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Favorites</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Favorites</td></tr><tr><td>NetHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\NetHood</td></tr><tr><td>PrintHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\PrintHood</td></tr><tr><td>Programs</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Recent</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Recent</td></tr><tr><td>SendTo</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\SendTo</td></tr><tr><td>Start Menu </td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Startup</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
28735"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.1. User Shell Folder registry keys default values</b></p><table summary="User Shell Folder registry keys default values" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Default Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Desktop</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Favorites</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Favorites</td></tr><tr><td>NetHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\NetHood</td></tr><tr><td>PrintHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\PrintHood</td></tr><tr><td>Programs</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Recent</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Recent</td></tr><tr><td>SendTo</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\SendTo</td></tr><tr><td>Start Menu </td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Startup</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
The registry key that contains the location of the default profile settings is:
</p><p>
</p><p>
The default entries are:
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
31163"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.2. Defaults of profile settings registry keys</b></p><table summary="Defaults of profile settings registry keys" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Common Desktop</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Common Programs</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Common Start Menu</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Common Startup</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
31222"></a>MS Windows 200x/XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
28879"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.2. Defaults of profile settings registry keys</b></p><table summary="Defaults of profile settings registry keys" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Common Desktop</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Common Programs</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Common Start Menu</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Common Startup</td><td>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
28939"></a>MS Windows 200x/XP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
MS Windows XP Home Edition does use default per user profiles, but can not participate
in domain security, can not log onto an NT/ADS style domain, and thus can obtain the profile
only from itself. While there are benefits in doing this the beauty of those MS Windows
</p><p>
The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are:
</p><p>
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
31418"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.3. Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys</b></p><table summary="Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Default Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Cache</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files</td></tr><tr><td>Cookies</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Cookies</td></tr><tr><td>Desktop</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Favorites</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Favorites</td></tr><tr><td>History</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\History</td></tr><tr><td>Local AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Local Settings</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings</td></tr><tr><td>My Pictures</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\My Documents\My Pictures</td></tr><tr><td>NetHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\NetHood</td></tr><tr><td>Personal</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\My Documents</td></tr><tr><td>PrintHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\PrintHood</td></tr><tr><td>Programs</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Recent</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Recent</td></tr><tr><td>SendTo</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\SendTo</td></tr><tr><td>Start Menu</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Startup</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr><tr><td>Templates</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Templates</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id29
29134"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 24.3. Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys</b></p><table summary="Defaults of default user profile paths registry keys" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Default Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Cache</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files</td></tr><tr><td>Cookies</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Cookies</td></tr><tr><td>Desktop</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>Favorites</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Favorites</td></tr><tr><td>History</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\History</td></tr><tr><td>Local AppData</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Application Data</td></tr><tr><td>Local Settings</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Local Settings</td></tr><tr><td>My Pictures</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\My Documents\My Pictures</td></tr><tr><td>NetHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\NetHood</td></tr><tr><td>Personal</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\My Documents</td></tr><tr><td>PrintHood</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\PrintHood</td></tr><tr><td>Programs</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs</td></tr><tr><td>Recent</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Recent</td></tr><tr><td>SendTo</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\SendTo</td></tr><tr><td>Start Menu</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu</td></tr><tr><td>Startup</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup</td></tr><tr><td>Templates</td><td>%USERPROFILE%\Templates</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
There is also an entry called "Default" that has no value set. The default entry is of type <tt class="constant">REG_SZ</tt>, all
the others are of type <tt class="constant">REG_EXPAND_SZ</tt>.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\
winlogon\"DeleteRoamingCache"=dword:00000001</pre><p>
In which case, the local cache copy will be deleted on logout.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
31730"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
29447"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following are some typical errors/problems/questions that have been asked.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
31743"></a>Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
29460"></a>Setting up roaming profiles for just a few user's or group's?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
With samba-2.2.x the choice you have is to enable or disable roaming
profiles support. It is a global only setting. The default is to have
roaming profiles and the default path will locate them in the user's home
</p><p>
In any case, you can configure only one profile per user. That profile can
be either:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A profile unique to that user</p></li><li><p>A mandatory profile (one the user can not change)</p></li><li><p>A group profile (really should be mandatory ie:unchangable)</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
31812"></a>Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A profile unique to that user</p></li><li><p>A mandatory profile (one the user can not change)</p></li><li><p>A group profile (really should be mandatory ie:unchangable)</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
29529"></a>Can NOT use Roaming Profiles</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A user requested the following:
“<span class="quote">
I do not want Roaming profiles to be implemented. I want to give users a local profile alone. ...
LOCAL profiles mean:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>If each machine is used my many users then much local disk storage is needed for local profiles</p></li><li><p>Every workstation the user logs into has it's own profile, these can be very different from machine to machine</p></li></ul></div><p>
On the other hand, use of roaming profiles means:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The network administrator can control the desktop environment of all users.</p></li><li><p>Use of mandatory profiles drasitcally reduces network management overheads.</p></li><li><p>In the long run users will be experience fewer problems.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
32026"></a>Changing the default profile</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The network administrator can control the desktop environment of all users.</p></li><li><p>Use of mandatory profiles drasitcally reduces network management overheads.</p></li><li><p>In the long run users will be experience fewer problems.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
29742"></a>Changing the default profile</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>Question:</em></span>
“<span class="quote">
When the client logs onto the domain controller it searches for a profile to download,
For roaming profiles add to <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
</p><p>
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># Default logon drive is Z:</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>logon drive = H:</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td># This requires a PROFILES share that is world writable.</td></tr></table><p>
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="pam"></a>Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stephen</span> <span class="surname">Langasek</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 31, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
2306">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932554">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932572">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933235">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933539">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933617">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933706">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934094">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934108">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934194">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="pam"></a>Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stephen</span> <span class="surname">Langasek</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 31, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
0024">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930271">Technical Discussion</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2930288">PAM Configuration Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2930969">Example System Configurations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931283">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931361">Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931445">Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2931826">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2931839">pam_winbind problem</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2931926">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This chapter you should help you to deploy winbind based authentication on any PAM enabled
UNIX/Linux system. Winbind can be used to enable user level application access authentication
from any MS Windows NT Domain, MS Windows 200x Active Directory based domain, or any Samba
possibilities and in particular how to deploy tools like pam_smbpass.so to your advantage.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
The use of Winbind require more than PAM configuration alone. Please refer to <a href="#winbind" title="Chapter 21. Winbind: Use of Domain Accounts">the Winbind chapter</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2306"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
0024"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A number of UNIX systems (eg: Sun Solaris), as well as the xxxxBSD family and Linux,
now utilize the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) facility to provide all authentication,
authorization and resource control services. Prior to the introduction of PAM, a decision
efficient authentication services for PAM capable systems. In effect, this allows the
deployment of centrally managed and maintained distributed authentication from a single
user account database.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2554"></a>Technical Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
0271"></a>Technical Discussion</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
PAM is designed to provide the system administrator with a great deal of flexibility in
configuration of the privilege granting applications of their system. The local
configuration of system security controlled by PAM is contained in one of two places:
either the single system file, /etc/pam.conf; or the /etc/pam.d/ directory.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2572"></a>PAM Configuration Syntax</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
0288"></a>PAM Configuration Syntax</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In this section we discuss the correct syntax of and generic options respected by entries to these files.
PAM specific tokens in the configuration file are case insensitive. The module paths, however, are case
sensitive since they indicate a file's name and reflect the case dependence of typical file-systems.
</p><pre class="programlisting">
auth required /other_path/pam_strange_module.so
</pre><p>
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
2629"></a>Anatomy of <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d</tt> Entries</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
0347"></a>Anatomy of <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d</tt> Entries</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The remaining information in this subsection was taken from the documentation of the Linux-PAM
project. For more information on PAM, see
<a href="http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/" target="_top">The Official Linux-PAM home page</a>
Any line in (one of) the configuration file(s), that is not formatted correctly, will generally tend (erring on the
side of caution) to make the authentication process fail. A corresponding error is written to the system log files
with a call to syslog(3).
- </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3235"></a>Example System Configurations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
0969"></a>Example System Configurations</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following is an example <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/login</tt> configuration file.
This example had all options been uncommented is probably not usable
as it stacks many conditions before allowing successful completion
of the login process. Essentially all conditions can be disabled
by commenting them out except the calls to <tt class="filename">pam_pwdb.so</tt>.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
3266"></a>PAM: original login config</h4></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1000"></a>PAM: original login config</h4></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting">
#%PAM-1.0
# The PAM configuration file for the `login' service
#
# session optional pam_lastlog.so
# password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3
password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5
-</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
3293"></a>PAM: login using pam_smbpass</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1038"></a>PAM: login using pam_smbpass</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
PAM allows use of replaceable modules. Those available on a sample system include:
</p><p><tt class="prompt">$</tt><b class="userinput"><tt>/bin/ls /lib/security</tt></b>
</p><pre class="programlisting">
on the basis that it allows for easier administration. As with all issues in
life though, every decision makes trade-offs, so you may want examine the
PAM documentation for further helpful information.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3539"></a>smb.conf PAM Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
- There is an option in smb.conf called <a class="indexterm" name="id2933548"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>obey pam restrictions</tt></i>.
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
1283"></a>smb.conf PAM Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ There is an option in smb.conf called <a class="indexterm" name="id2931292"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>obey pam restrictions</tt></i>.
The following is from the on-line help for this option in SWAT;
</p><p>
When Samba is configured to enable PAM support (i.e.
is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to
ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba always
ignores PAM for authentication in the case of
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2933579"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = yes.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2931323"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = yes.
The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response
authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB
password encryption.
-</p><p>Default: <a class="indexterm" name="id293
3600"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>obey pam restrictions</tt></i> = no</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2933617"></a>Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><p>Default: <a class="indexterm" name="id293
1344"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>obey pam restrictions</tt></i> = no</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2931361"></a>Remote CIFS Authentication using winbindd.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
All operating systems depend on the provision of users credentials acceptable to the platform.
UNIX requires the provision of a user identifier (UID) as well as a group identifier (GID).
These are both simple integer type numbers that are obtained from a password backend such
The rid to unix id database is the only location where the user and group mappings are
stored by winbindd. If this file is deleted or corrupted, there is no way for winbindd
to determine which user and group ids correspond to Windows NT user and group rids.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3706"></a>Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
1445"></a>Password Synchronization using pam_smbpass.so</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
pam_smbpass is a PAM module which can be used on conforming systems to
keep the smbpasswd (Samba password) database in sync with the unix
password file. PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) is an API supported
recommended that you use pam_winbind instead.
</p><p>
Options recognized by this module are as follows:
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
3738"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 25.1. Options recognized by pam_smbpass</b></p><table summary="Options recognized by pam_smbpass" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">debug</td><td align="justify">log more debugging info</td></tr><tr><td align="left">audit</td><td align="justify">like debug, but also logs unknown usernames</td></tr><tr><td align="left">use_first_pass</td><td align="justify">don't prompt the user for passwords; take them from PAM_ items instead</td></tr><tr><td align="left">try_first_pass</td><td align="justify">try to get the password from a previous PAM module, fall back to prompting the user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">use_authtok</td><td align="justify">like try_first_pass, but *fail* if the new PAM_AUTHTOK has not been previously set. (intended for stacking password modules only)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">not_set_pass</td><td align="justify">don't make passwords used by this module available to other modules.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nodelay</td><td align="justify">don't insert ~1 second delays on authentication failure.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nullok</td><td align="justify">null passwords are allowed.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nonull</td><td align="justify">null passwords are not allowed. Used to override the Samba configuration.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">migrate</td><td align="justify">only meaningful in an "auth" context; used to update smbpasswd file with a password used for successful authentication.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">smbconf=<i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i></td><td align="justify">specify an alternate path to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
1477"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 25.1. Options recognized by pam_smbpass</b></p><table summary="Options recognized by pam_smbpass" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">debug</td><td align="justify">log more debugging info</td></tr><tr><td align="left">audit</td><td align="justify">like debug, but also logs unknown usernames</td></tr><tr><td align="left">use_first_pass</td><td align="justify">don't prompt the user for passwords; take them from PAM_ items instead</td></tr><tr><td align="left">try_first_pass</td><td align="justify">try to get the password from a previous PAM module, fall back to prompting the user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">use_authtok</td><td align="justify">like try_first_pass, but *fail* if the new PAM_AUTHTOK has not been previously set. (intended for stacking password modules only)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">not_set_pass</td><td align="justify">don't make passwords used by this module available to other modules.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nodelay</td><td align="justify">don't insert ~1 second delays on authentication failure.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nullok</td><td align="justify">null passwords are allowed.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">nonull</td><td align="justify">null passwords are not allowed. Used to override the Samba configuration.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">migrate</td><td align="justify">only meaningful in an "auth" context; used to update smbpasswd file with a password used for successful authentication.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">smbconf=<i class="replaceable"><tt>file</tt></i></td><td align="justify">specify an alternate path to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
</p><p>
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="mailto:morgan@transmeta.com" target="_top">Andrew Morgan</a>, for providing the Linux-PAM
framework, without which none of this would have happened</p></li><li><p><a href="mailto:gafton@redhat.com" target="_top">Christian Gafton</a> and Andrew Morgan again, for the
The following are examples of the use of pam_smbpass.so in the format of Linux
<tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/</tt> files structure. Those wishing to implement this
tool on other platforms will need to adapt this appropriately.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
3951"></a>Password Synchronisation Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1691"></a>Password Synchronisation Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to make
sure private/smbpasswd is kept in sync when /etc/passwd (/etc/shadow)
is changed. Useful when an expired password might be changed by an
password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass
password required pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass
session required pam_unix.so
-</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
3985"></a>Password Migration Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1724"></a>Password Migration Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to migrate
from plaintext to encrypted passwords for Samba. Unlike other methods,
this can be used for users who have never connected to Samba shares:
password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass
password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass
session required pam_unix.so
-</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
4021"></a>Mature Password Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1759"></a>Mature Password Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A sample PAM configuration for a 'mature' smbpasswd installation.
private/smbpasswd is fully populated, and we consider it an error if
the smbpasswd doesn't exist or doesn't match the UNIX password.
password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass
password required pam_smbpass.so use_authtok use_first_pass
session required pam_unix.so
-</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
4053"></a>Kerberos Password Integration Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
1790"></a>Kerberos Password Integration Configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A sample PAM configuration that shows pam_smbpass used together with
pam_krb5. This could be useful on a Samba PDC that is also a member of
a Kerberos realm.
password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass
password required pam_krb5.so use_authtok try_first_pass
session required pam_krb5.so
-</pre></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4094"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
1826"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
PAM can be a very fickle and sensitive to configuration glitches. Here we look at a few cases from
the Samba mailing list.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4108"></a>pam_winbind problem</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
1839"></a>pam_winbind problem</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
I have the following PAM configuration:
</span>”
<tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</tt> and copy only what you need from it into your
<tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/login</tt> file. Alternatively, if you want all services to use
winbind, you can put the winbind-specific stuff in <tt class="filename">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</tt>.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4194"></a>Winbind is not resolving users and groups</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
1926"></a>Winbind is not resolving users and groups</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">
My smb.conf file is correctly configured. I have specified
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2934208"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid</tt></i> = 12000,
- and <a class="indexterm" name="id2934222"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap gid</tt></i> = 3000-3500
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2931940"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap uid</tt></i> = 12000,
+ and <a class="indexterm" name="id2931955"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>idmap gid</tt></i> = 3000-3500
and <b class="command">winbind</b> is running. When I do the following it all works fine.
</span>”
</p><pre class="screen">
</p><p>
Your system is likely running <b class="command">nscd</b>, the name service
caching daemon. Shut it down, do NOT restart it! You will find your problem resolved.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
4432">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934457">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934521">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934577">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934718">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934762">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934813">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2934918">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935185">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935248">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935496">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935528">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935560">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935678">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935694">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935729">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935780">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2934399"></a><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
2164">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932188">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932259">Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932315">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932456">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932499">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932551">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2932655">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2932922">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2932985">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933234">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933266">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933298">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2933416">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2933432">Pinging works only in one way</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933465">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933517">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2932131"></a><p>
This section deals with NetBIOS over TCP/IP name to IP address resolution. If
your MS Windows clients are NOT configured to use NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this
section does not apply to your installation. If your installation involves use of
to NOT run NetBEUI at all. Note also that there is NO such thing as
NetBEUI over TCP/IP - the existence of such a protocol is a complete
and utter mis-apprehension.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4432"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2164"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Many MS Windows network administrators have never been exposed to basic TCP/IP
networking as it is implemented in a UNIX/Linux operating system. Likewise, many UNIX and
Linux administrators have not been exposed to the intricacies of MS Windows TCP/IP based
</p><p>
This chapter gives a short introduction to the basics of how a name can be resolved to
it's IP address for each operating system environment.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4457"></a>Background Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2188"></a>Background Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Since the introduction of MS Windows 2000 it is possible to run MS Windows networking
without the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP. NetBIOS over TCP/IP uses UDP port 137 for NetBIOS
name resolution and uses TCP port 139 for NetBIOS session services. When NetBIOS over
</p></div><p>
When NetBIOS over TCP/IP is disabled the use of DNS is essential. Most installations that
disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP today use MS Active Directory Service (ADS). ADS requires
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2934495"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2932233"></a>
Dynamic DNS with Service Resource Records (SRV RR) and with Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR).
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2934508"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2932246"></a>
Use of DHCP with ADS is recommended as a further means of maintaining central control
over client workstation network configuration.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4521"></a>Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2259"></a>Name Resolution in a pure UNIX/Linux world</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The key configuration files covered in this section are:
-</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4577"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2315"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Contains a static list of IP addresses and names.
eg:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
Access Control address, or MAC address. IP addresses are currently
32 bits in length and are typically presented as four (4) decimal
numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
4627"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
2364"></a><p>
MAC Addresses use 48 bits (or 6 bytes) and are typically represented
as two digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. eg:
40:8e:0a:12:34:56
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. The reply packet from an ARP request will
contain the MAC address and the primary IP address for each
interface.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
4691"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
2429"></a><p>
The <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file is foundational to all
UNIX/Linux TCP/IP installations and as a minimum will contain
the localhost and local network interface IP addresses and the
This file helps to prime the pump so that a basic level of name
resolution can exist before any other method of name resolution
becomes available.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4718"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2456"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This file tells the name resolution libraries:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The name of the domain to which the machine
belongs
</p></li><li><p>The name or IP address of available Domain
Name Servers that may be asked to perform name to address
translation lookups
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4762"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2934774"></a><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2499"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2932512"></a><p>
<tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt> is the primary means by
which the setting in /etc/resolv.conf may be affected. It is a
critical configuration file. This file controls the order by
</pre><p>
then both addresses should be returned. Please refer to the
man page for host.conf for further details.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4813"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2934825"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2551"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2932563"></a><p>
This file controls the actual name resolution targets. The
file typically has resolver object specifications as follows:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
It should be noted that unless a network request/message must be
sent, TCP/IP networks are silent. All TCP/IP communications assumes a
principal of speaking only when necessary.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
4870"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
2608"></a><p>
Starting with version 2.2.0 samba has Linux support for extensions to
the name service switch infrastructure so that linux clients will
be able to obtain resolution of MS Windows NetBIOS names to IP
will be possible to ping any MS Windows machine by its NetBIOS
machine name, so long as that machine is within the workgroup to
which both the samba machine and the MS Windows machine belong.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4918"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
2655"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
MS Windows networking is predicated about the name each machine
is given. This name is known variously (and inconsistently) as
the "computer name", "machine name", "networking name", "netbios name",
the client/server.
</p><p>
The following are typical NetBIOS name/service type registrations:
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
4950"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 26.1. Unique NetBIOS names</b></p><table summary="Unique NetBIOS names" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<00></td><td align="justify">Server Service is running on MACHINENAME</td></tr><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<03></td><td align="justify">Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<20></td><td align="justify">LanMan Server service is running on MACHINENAME</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1b></td><td align="justify">Domain Master Browser</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table"><a name="id2935020"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 26.2. Group Names</b></p><table summary="Group Names" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<03></td><td align="justify">Generic Name registered by all members of WORKGROUP</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1c></td><td align="justify">Domain Controllers / Netlogon Servers</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1d></td><td align="justify">Local Master Browsers</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1e></td><td align="justify">Internet Name Resolvers</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2935092"></a>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
2688"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 26.1. Unique NetBIOS names</b></p><table summary="Unique NetBIOS names" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<00></td><td align="justify">Server Service is running on MACHINENAME</td></tr><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<03></td><td align="justify">Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">MACHINENAME<20></td><td align="justify">LanMan Server service is running on MACHINENAME</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1b></td><td align="justify">Domain Master Browser</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table"><a name="id2932758"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 26.2. Group Names</b></p><table summary="Group Names" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<03></td><td align="justify">Generic Name registered by all members of WORKGROUP</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1c></td><td align="justify">Domain Controllers / Netlogon Servers</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1d></td><td align="justify">Local Master Browsers</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WORKGROUP<1e></td><td align="justify">Internet Name Resolvers</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2932830"></a>
It should be noted that all NetBIOS machines register their own
names as per the above. This is in vast contrast to TCP/IP
installations where traditionally the system administrator will
determine in the /etc/hosts or in the DNS database what names
are associated with each IP address.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
5107"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
2845"></a><p>
One further point of clarification should be noted, the <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt>
file and the DNS records do not provide the NetBIOS name type information
that MS Windows clients depend on to locate the type of service that may
MS Windows machines use a complex array of name resolution mechanisms.
Since we are primarily concerned with TCP/IP this demonstration is
limited to this area.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5185"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2922"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
All MS Windows machines employ an in memory buffer in which is
stored the NetBIOS names and IP addresses for all external
machines that that machine has communicated with over the
to time-out delays. i.e.: Its name is in the cache, so a name resolution
lookup will succeed, but the machine can not respond. This can be
frustrating for users - but it is a characteristic of the protocol.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
5217"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2935225"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id293
2955"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2932963"></a><p>
The MS Windows utility that allows examination of the NetBIOS
name cache is called "nbtstat". The Samba equivalent of this
is called <b class="command">nmblookup</b>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5248"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2935255"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
2985"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2932993"></a><p>
This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or
2000 in <tt class="filename">C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains
the IP Address and the machine name in matched pairs. The
# so keeping the number of comments to a minimum will improve performance.
# Therefore it is not advisable to simply add lmhosts file entries onto the
# end of this file.
-</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5496"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3234"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or 2000 in
<tt class="filename">C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains
the IP Address and the IP hostname in matched pairs. It can be
used by the name resolution infrastructure in MS Windows, depending
on how the TCP/IP environment is configured. This file is in
every way the equivalent of the UNIX/Linux <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5528"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2935536"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3266"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2933274"></a><p>
This capability is configured in the TCP/IP setup area in the network
configuration facility. If enabled, an elaborate name resolution sequence
is followed the precise nature of which is dependant on how the NetBIOS
Node Type 8, then a NetBIOS Unicast (over UDP Unicast) is sent to the
WINS Server to obtain a lookup before DNS, HOSTS, LMHOSTS, or broadcast
lookup is used.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5560"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2935569"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3298"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2933306"></a><p>
A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivalent of the
rfc1001/1002 specified NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server). A WINS server stores
the names and IP addresses that are registered by a Windows client
where <i class="replaceable"><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt></i> is the IP address
of the WINS server.
</p><p>For information about setting up Samba as a WINS server, read
- <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">the chapter on network browsing</a>.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
5678"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ <a href="#NetworkBrowsing" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide">the chapter on network browsing</a>.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
3416"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
TCP/IP network configuration problems find every network administrator sooner or later.
The cause can be anything from keyboard mishaps, forgetfulness, simple mistakes, and
carelessness. Of course, no one is every deliberately careless!
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5694"></a>Pinging works only in one way</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3432"></a>Pinging works only in one way</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">I can ping my samba server from Windows, but I can
not ping my Windows machine from the samba server.</span>”
</p><p>
</p><p>
Due to inconsistent netmasks, the Windows machine was on network 192.168.1.0/24, while
the Samba server was on network 192.168.1.128/25 - logically a different network.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5729"></a>Very Slow Network Connections</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3465"></a>Very Slow Network Connections</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A common causes of slow network response includes:
- </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Client is configured to use DNS and DNS server is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use remote DNS server, but remote connection is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use a WINS server, but there is no WINS server</p></li><li><p>Client is NOT configured to use a WINS server, but there is a WINS server</p></li><li><p>Firewall is filtering our DNS or WINS traffic</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5780"></a>Samba server name change problem</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Client is configured to use DNS and DNS server is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use remote DNS server, but remote connection is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use a WINS server, but there is no WINS server</p></li><li><p>Client is NOT configured to use a WINS server, but there is a WINS server</p></li><li><p>Firewall is filtering our DNS or WINS traffic</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
3517"></a>Samba server name change problem</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
“<span class="quote">The name of the samba server was changed, samba was restarted, samba server can not be
pinged by new name from MS Windows NT4 Workstation, but it does still respond to ping using
the old name. Why?</span>”
The first listing shows the contents of the Local Name Table (i.e.: Identity information on
the MS Windows workstation), the second shows the NetBIOS name in the NetBIOS name cache.
The name cache contains the remote machines known to this workstation.
- </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unicode"></a>Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">TAKAHASHI</span> <span class="surname">Motonobu</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:monyo@home.monyo.com">monyo@home.monyo.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">25 March 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
5983">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936027">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936224">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936392">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936398">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2935983"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unicode"></a>Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">TAKAHASHI</span> <span class="surname">Motonobu</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:monyo@home.monyo.com">monyo@home.monyo.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">25 March 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
3721">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933765">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933962">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934130">Common errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934137">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2933721"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Every industry eventually matures. One of the great areas of maturation is in
the focus that has been given over the past decade to make it possible for anyone
anywhere to use a computer. It has not always been that way, in fact, not so long
Samba-2.x supported a single locale through a mechanism called
<span class="emphasis"><em>codepages</em></span>. Samba-3 is destined to become a truly trans-global
file and printer sharing platform.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6027"></a>What are charsets and unicode?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
3765"></a>What are charsets and unicode?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Computers communicate in numbers. In texts, each number will be
translated to a corresponding letter. The meaning that will be assigned
to a certain number depends on the <span class="emphasis"><em>character set(charset)
negotiating the charset to be used in the smb protocol. Thus, you
have to make sure you are using the same charset when talking to an older client.
Newer clients (Windows NT, 2K, XP) talk unicode over the wire.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6097"></a>Samba and charsets</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
3835"></a>Samba and charsets</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
As of samba 3.0, samba can (and will) talk unicode over the wire. Internally,
samba knows of three kinds of character sets:
-</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
6119"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>
+</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
3856"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>
This is the charset used internally by your operating system.
The default is <tt class="constant">UTF-8</tt>, which is fine for most
systems. The default in previous samba releases was <tt class="constant">ASCII</tt>.
- </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
6155"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>display charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba will use to print messages
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
3893"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>display charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba will use to print messages
on your screen. It should generally be the same as the <b class="command">unix charset</b>.
- </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
6190"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba uses when communicating with
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="indexterm" name="id293
3927"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba uses when communicating with
DOS and Windows 9x clients. It will talk unicode to all newer clients.
The default depends on the charsets you have installed on your system.
Run <b class="command">testparm -v | grep "dos charset"</b> to see
what the default is on your system.
- </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6224"></a>Conversion from old names</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Because previous samba versions did not do any charset conversion,
+ </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
3962"></a>Conversion from old names</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Because previous samba versions did not do any charset conversion,
characters in filenames are usually not correct in the unix charset but only
for the local charset used by the DOS/Windows clients.</p><p>Bjoern Jacke has written a utility named <a href="http://j3e.de/linux/convmv/" target="_top">convm</a> that can convert whole directory
structures to different charsets with one single command.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6254"></a>Japanese charsets</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba doesn't work correctly with Japanese charsets yet. Here are
-points of attention when setting it up:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You should set <a class="indexterm" name="id293
6275"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>mangling method</tt></i> = hash</p></li><li><p>There are various iconv() implementations around and not
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
3992"></a>Japanese charsets</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba doesn't work correctly with Japanese charsets yet. Here are
+points of attention when setting it up:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You should set <a class="indexterm" name="id293
4012"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>mangling method</tt></i> = hash</p></li><li><p>There are various iconv() implementations around and not
all of them work equally well. glibc2's iconv() has a critical problem
in CP932. libiconv-1.8 works with CP932 but still has some problems and
-does not work with EUC-JP.</p></li><li><p>You should set <a class="indexterm" name="id2936304"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i> = CP932, not
-Shift_JIS, SJIS...</p></li><li><p>Currently only <a class="indexterm" name="id2936324"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = CP932
+does not work with EUC-JP.</p></li><li><p>You should set <a class="indexterm" name="id2934042"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i> = CP932, not
+Shift_JIS, SJIS...</p></li><li><p>Currently only <a class="indexterm" name="id2934062"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = CP932
will work (but still has some problems...) because of iconv() issues.
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2936340"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = EUC-JP doesn't work well because of
-iconv() issues.</p></li><li><p>Currently Samba 3.0 does not support <a class="indexterm" name="id293
6360"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = UTF8-MAC/CAP/HEX/JIS*</p></li></ul></div><p>More information (in Japanese) is available at: <a href="http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html" target="_top">http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html</a>.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2936392"></a>Common errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2936398"></a>CP850.so can't be found</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">Samba is complaining about a missing <tt class="filename">CP850.so</tt> file</span>”.</p><p>CP850 is the default <a class="indexterm" name="id2936424"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i>. The <a class="indexterm" name="id2936437"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i> is used to convert data to the codepage used by your dos clients. If you don't have any dos clients, you can safely ignore this message. </p><p>CP850 should be supported by your local iconv implementation. Make sure you have all the required packages installed. If you compiled samba from source, make sure configure found iconv.</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Backup"></a>Chapter 28. Samba Backup Techniques</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2936512">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936526">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2936512"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2934077"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = EUC-JP doesn't work well because of
+iconv() issues.</p></li><li><p>Currently Samba 3.0 does not support <a class="indexterm" name="id293
4098"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>unix charset</tt></i> = UTF8-MAC/CAP/HEX/JIS*</p></li></ul></div><p>More information (in Japanese) is available at: <a href="http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html" target="_top">http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html</a>.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2934130"></a>Common errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2934137"></a>CP850.so can't be found</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>“<span class="quote">Samba is complaining about a missing <tt class="filename">CP850.so</tt> file</span>”.</p><p>CP850 is the default <a class="indexterm" name="id2934162"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i>. The <a class="indexterm" name="id2934176"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>dos charset</tt></i> is used to convert data to the codepage used by your dos clients. If you don't have any dos clients, you can safely ignore this message. </p><p>CP850 should be supported by your local iconv implementation. Make sure you have all the required packages installed. If you compiled samba from source, make sure configure found iconv.</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Backup"></a>Chapter 28. Samba Backup Techniques</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2934250">Note</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934264">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2934250"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter did not make it into this release.
It is planned for the published release of this document.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6526"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4264"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
We need feedback from people who are backing up samba servers.
We would like to know what software tools you are using to backup
your samba server/s.
</p><p>
In particular, if you have any success and / or failure stories you could
share with other users this would be appreciated.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SambaHA"></a>Chapter 29. High Availability Options</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
6596">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2936596"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SambaHA"></a>Chapter 29. High Availability Options</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
4334">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2934334"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter did not make it into this release.
It is planned for the published release of this document.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="migration"></a>Migration and Updating</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>30. <a href="#upgrading-to-3.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id293
6735">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936865">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936880">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937006">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937402">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2937476">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937483">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937718">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937767">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937909">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937933">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938265">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938290">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938728">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2938940">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939031">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939287">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939647">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939686">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939924">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940035">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940097">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940204">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940332">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940380">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940432">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940455">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="upgrading-to-3.0"></a>Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">June 30, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2936735">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936865">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936880">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937006">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937402">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2937476">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937483">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937718">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937767">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937909">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937933">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2936735"></a>New Features in Samba-3</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="migration"></a>Migration and Updating</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>30. <a href="#upgrading-to-3.0">Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id293
4473">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934602">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934617">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934744">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935140">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935215">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935222">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935456">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935505">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935648">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935672">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936004">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936029">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936467">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2936679">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936770">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937026">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937386">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937426">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937663">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937775">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937837">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937944">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938008">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938072">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938120">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938171">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938195">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="upgrading-to-3.0"></a>Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">June 30, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2934473">New Features in Samba-3</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934602">Configuration Parameter Changes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2934617">Removed Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2934744">New Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935140">Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2935215">New Functionality</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2935222">Databases</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935456">Changes in Behavior</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935505">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935648">Charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2935672">LDAP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2934473"></a>New Features in Samba-3</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Major new features:
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>
Active Directory support. This release is able to join a ADS realm
Major updates to the Samba documentation tree.
</p></li></ol></div><p>
Plus lots of other improvements!
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6865"></a>Configuration Parameter Changes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
4602"></a>Configuration Parameter Changes</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section contains a brief listing of changes to smb.conf options
in the 3.0.0 release. Please refer to the smb.conf(5) man page for
complete descriptions of new or modified parameters.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
6880"></a>Removed Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>(order alphabetically):</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>admin log </p></li><li><p>alternate permissions </p></li><li><p>character set </p></li><li><p>client codepage </p></li><li><p>code page directory </p></li><li><p>coding system </p></li><li><p>domain admin group </p></li><li><p>domain guest group </p></li><li><p>force unknown acl user </p></li><li><p>nt smb support </p></li><li><p>post script </p></li><li><p>printer driver </p></li><li><p>printer driver file </p></li><li><p>printer driver location </p></li><li><p>status </p></li><li><p>total print jobs </p></li><li><p>use rhosts </p></li><li><p>valid chars </p></li><li><p>vfs options </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2937006"></a>New Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>(new parameters have been grouped by function):</p><p>Remote management</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>abort shutdown script </p></li><li><p>shutdown script </p></li></ul></div><p>User and Group Account Management</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>add group script </p></li><li><p>add machine script </p></li><li><p>add user to group script </p></li><li><p>algorithmic rid base </p></li><li><p>delete group script </p></li><li><p>delete user from group script </p></li><li><p>passdb backend </p></li><li><p>set primary group script </p></li></ul></div><p>Authentication</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>auth methods </p></li><li><p>ads server </p></li><li><p>realm </p></li></ul></div><p>Protocol Options</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>client lanman auth </p></li><li><p>client NTLMv2 auth </p></li><li><p>client schannel </p></li><li><p>client signing </p></li><li><p>client use spnego </p></li><li><p>disable netbios </p></li><li><p>ntlm auth </p></li><li><p>paranoid server security </p></li><li><p>server schannel </p></li><li><p>smb ports </p></li><li><p>use spnego </p></li></ul></div><p>File Service</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>get quota command </p></li><li><p>hide special files </p></li><li><p>hide unwriteable files </p></li><li><p>hostname lookups </p></li><li><p>kernel change notify </p></li><li><p>mangle prefix </p></li><li><p>msdfs proxy </p></li><li><p>set quota command </p></li><li><p>use sendfile </p></li><li><p>vfs objects </p></li></ul></div><p>Printing</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>max reported print jobs </p></li></ul></div><p>UNICODE and Character Sets</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>display charset </p></li><li><p>dos charset </p></li><li><p>unicode </p></li><li><p>unix charset </p></li></ul></div><p>SID to uid/gid Mappings</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>idmap backend </p></li><li><p>idmap gid </p></li><li><p>idmap only </p></li><li><p>idmap uid </p></li></ul></div><p>LDAP</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>ldap delete dn </p></li><li><p>ldap group suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap idmap suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap machine suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap passwd sync </p></li><li><p>ldap trust ids </p></li><li><p>ldap user suffix </p></li></ul></div><p>General Configuration</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>preload modules </p></li><li><p>privatedir </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2937402"></a>Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>encrypt passwords (enabled by default) </p></li><li><p>mangling method (set to 'hash2' by default) </p></li><li><p>passwd chat </p></li><li><p>passwd program </p></li><li><p>restrict anonymous (integer value) </p></li><li><p>security (new 'ads' value) </p></li><li><p>strict locking (enabled by default) </p></li><li><p>winbind cache time (increased to 5 minutes) </p></li><li><p>winbind uid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap uid') </p></li><li><p>winbind gid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap gid') </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2937476"></a>New Functionality</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2937483"></a>Databases</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
4617"></a>Removed Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>(order alphabetically):</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>admin log </p></li><li><p>alternate permissions </p></li><li><p>character set </p></li><li><p>client codepage </p></li><li><p>code page directory </p></li><li><p>coding system </p></li><li><p>domain admin group </p></li><li><p>domain guest group </p></li><li><p>force unknown acl user </p></li><li><p>nt smb support </p></li><li><p>post script </p></li><li><p>printer driver </p></li><li><p>printer driver file </p></li><li><p>printer driver location </p></li><li><p>status </p></li><li><p>total print jobs </p></li><li><p>use rhosts </p></li><li><p>valid chars </p></li><li><p>vfs options </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2934744"></a>New Parameters</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>(new parameters have been grouped by function):</p><p>Remote management</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>abort shutdown script </p></li><li><p>shutdown script </p></li></ul></div><p>User and Group Account Management</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>add group script </p></li><li><p>add machine script </p></li><li><p>add user to group script </p></li><li><p>algorithmic rid base </p></li><li><p>delete group script </p></li><li><p>delete user from group script </p></li><li><p>passdb backend </p></li><li><p>set primary group script </p></li></ul></div><p>Authentication</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>auth methods </p></li><li><p>ads server </p></li><li><p>realm </p></li></ul></div><p>Protocol Options</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>client lanman auth </p></li><li><p>client NTLMv2 auth </p></li><li><p>client schannel </p></li><li><p>client signing </p></li><li><p>client use spnego </p></li><li><p>disable netbios </p></li><li><p>ntlm auth </p></li><li><p>paranoid server security </p></li><li><p>server schannel </p></li><li><p>smb ports </p></li><li><p>use spnego </p></li></ul></div><p>File Service</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>get quota command </p></li><li><p>hide special files </p></li><li><p>hide unwriteable files </p></li><li><p>hostname lookups </p></li><li><p>kernel change notify </p></li><li><p>mangle prefix </p></li><li><p>msdfs proxy </p></li><li><p>set quota command </p></li><li><p>use sendfile </p></li><li><p>vfs objects </p></li></ul></div><p>Printing</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>max reported print jobs </p></li></ul></div><p>UNICODE and Character Sets</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>display charset </p></li><li><p>dos charset </p></li><li><p>unicode </p></li><li><p>unix charset </p></li></ul></div><p>SID to uid/gid Mappings</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>idmap backend </p></li><li><p>idmap gid </p></li><li><p>idmap only </p></li><li><p>idmap uid </p></li></ul></div><p>LDAP</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>ldap delete dn </p></li><li><p>ldap group suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap idmap suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap machine suffix </p></li><li><p>ldap passwd sync </p></li><li><p>ldap trust ids </p></li><li><p>ldap user suffix </p></li></ul></div><p>General Configuration</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>preload modules </p></li><li><p>privatedir </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2935140"></a>Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>encrypt passwords (enabled by default) </p></li><li><p>mangling method (set to 'hash2' by default) </p></li><li><p>passwd chat </p></li><li><p>passwd program </p></li><li><p>restrict anonymous (integer value) </p></li><li><p>security (new 'ads' value) </p></li><li><p>strict locking (enabled by default) </p></li><li><p>winbind cache time (increased to 5 minutes) </p></li><li><p>winbind uid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap uid') </p></li><li><p>winbind gid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap gid') </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2935215"></a>New Functionality</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2935222"></a>Databases</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section contains brief descriptions of any new databases
introduced in Samba 3.0. Please remember to backup your existing
${lock directory}/*tdb before upgrading to Samba 3.0. Samba will
upgrade databases as they are opened (if necessary), but downgrading
from 3.0 to 2.2 is an unsupported path.
- </p><div class="table"><a name="id293
7502"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 30.1. TDB File Descriptions</b></p><table summary="TDB File Descriptions" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"><col align="left"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Name</th><th align="justify">Description</th><th align="center">Backup?</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">account_policy</td><td align="justify">User policy settings</td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">gencache</td><td align="justify">Generic caching db</td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">group_mapping</td><td align="justify"><p>Mapping table from Windows groups/SID to unix groups</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">idmap</td><td align="justify"><p>new ID map table from SIDS to UNIX uids/gids</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">namecache</td><td align="justify">Name resolution cache entries</td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">netlogon_unigrp</td><td align="justify"><p>Cache of universal group membership obtained when operating
+ </p><div class="table"><a name="id293
5241"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 30.1. TDB File Descriptions</b></p><table summary="TDB File Descriptions" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"><col align="left"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Name</th><th align="justify">Description</th><th align="center">Backup?</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">account_policy</td><td align="justify">User policy settings</td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">gencache</td><td align="justify">Generic caching db</td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">group_mapping</td><td align="justify"><p>Mapping table from Windows groups/SID to unix groups</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">idmap</td><td align="justify"><p>new ID map table from SIDS to UNIX uids/gids</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">namecache</td><td align="justify">Name resolution cache entries</td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">netlogon_unigrp</td><td align="justify"><p>Cache of universal group membership obtained when operating
as a member of a Windows domain</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">printing/*.tdb</td><td align="justify"><p>Cached output from 'lpq command' created on a per print
service basis</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">registry</td><td align="justify"><p>Read-only samba registry skeleton that provides support for
- exporting various db tables via the winreg RPCs</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7718"></a>Changes in Behavior</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ exporting various db tables via the winreg RPCs</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5456"></a>Changes in Behavior</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following issues are known changes in behavior between Samba 2.2 and
Samba 3.0 that may affect certain installations of Samba.
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>
script' that must be specified for this purpose. Samba 3.0 will
not fall back to using the 'add user script' in the absence of
an 'add machine script'
- </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7767"></a>Charsets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5505"></a>Charsets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You might experience problems with special characters when communicating with old DOS
clients. Codepage support has changed in samba 3.0. Read the chapter
<a href="#unicode" title="Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets">Unicode support</a> for details.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7791"></a>Passdb Backends and Authentication</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5529"></a>Passdb Backends and Authentication</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There have been a few new changes that Samba administrators should be
aware of when moving to Samba 3.0.
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>
must be created for each user, or (b) 'encrypt passwords = no'
must be explicitly defined in smb.conf.
</p></li><li><p>
- Inclusion of new <a class="indexterm" name="id2937829"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = ads option for integration
+ Inclusion of new <a class="indexterm" name="id2935568"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = ads option for integration
with an Active Directory domain using the native Windows
Kerberos 5 and LDAP protocols.
</p></li></ol></div><p>
Samba 3.0 also includes the possibility of setting up chains
of authentication methods
- (<a class="indexterm" name="id2937851"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i>) and account
+ (<a class="indexterm" name="id2935590"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods</tt></i>) and account
storage backends
- (<a class="indexterm" name="id2937866"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>).
+ (<a class="indexterm" name="id2935605"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>).
Please refer to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
man page and <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">the chapter about account information databases</a> for details. While both parameters assume sane default
values, it is likely that you will need to understand what the
Certain functions of the smbpasswd(8) tool have been split between the
new smbpasswd(8) utility, the net(8) tool, and the new pdbedit(8)
utility. See the respective man pages for details.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7909"></a>Charsets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5648"></a>Charsets</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You might experience problems with special characters when communicating with old DOS
clients. Codepage support has changed in samba 3.0. Read the chapter
<a href="#unicode" title="Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets">Unicode support</a> for details.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7933"></a>LDAP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
5672"></a>LDAP</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This section outlines the new features affecting Samba / LDAP integration.
- </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
7945"></a>New Schema</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
5684"></a>New Schema</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
A new object class (sambaSamAccount) has been introduced to replace
the old sambaAccount. This change aids us in the renaming of attributes
to prevent clashes with attributes from other vendors. There is a
sambaIdmapEntry - object storing a mapping between a
SID and a UNIX uid/gid. These objects are created by the
idmap_ldap module as needed.
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8057"></a>New Suffix for Searching</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
5797"></a>New Suffix for Searching</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The following new smb.conf parameters have been added to aid in directing
certain LDAP queries when 'passdb backend = ldapsam://...' has been
specified.
</p><p>
Due to a limitation in Samba's smb.conf parsing, you should not surround
the DN's with quotation marks.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8124"></a>IdMap LDAP support</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
5863"></a>IdMap LDAP support</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba 3.0 supports an ldap backend for the idmap subsystem. The
following options would inform Samba that the idmap table should be
stored on the directory server onterose in the "ou=idmap,dc=plainjoe,
This configuration allows winbind installations on multiple servers to
share a uid/gid number space, thus avoiding the interoperability problems
with NFS that were present in Samba 2.2.
- </p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
8265">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2938290">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938728">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2938940">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939031">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939287">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
6004">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936029">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2936467">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2936679">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2936770">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937026">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This is a rough guide to assist those wishing to migrate from NT4 domain control to
Samba-3 based domain control.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
8265"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6004"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In the IT world there is often a saying that all problems are encountered because of
poor planning. The corollary to this saying is that not all problems can be anticipated
and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticipate most show stopper type situations.
Those wishing to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-3 domain control
environment would do well to develop a detailed migration plan. So here are a few pointers to
help migration get under way.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
8290"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
6029"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The key objective for most organisations will be to make the migration from MS Windows NT4
to Samba-3 domain control as painless as possible. One of the challenges you may experience
in your migration process may well be one of convincing management that the new environment
should be educated about changes they may experience so that the change will be a welcome one
and not become an obstacle to the work they need to do. The following are factors that will
help ensure a successful migration:
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8501"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
6240"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba-3 can be configured as a domain controller, a back-up domain controller (probably best called
a secondary controller), a domain member, or as a stand-alone server. The Windows network security
domain context should be sized and scoped before implementation. Particular attention needs to be
response time (eg: ping timing) between the remote segment and the PDC. If long (more than 100 ms)
locate a backup controller (BDC) on the remote segmanet to serve as the local authentication and
access control server.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8551"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
6290"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are cardinal rules to effective network design. These can not be broken with impunity.
The most important rule: Simplicity is king in every well controlled network. Every part of
the infrastructure must be managed, the more complex it is, the greater will be the demand
and downtime to users as the new administrator learns to untangle your knots. Keep access
controls simple and effective and make sure that users will never be interrupted by stupid
complexity.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8611"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
6350"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Logon scripts can help to ensure that all users gain share and printer connections they need.
</p><p>
Logon scripts can be created 'on-the-fly' so that all commands executed are specific to the
rights and priviliges granted to the user. The preferred controls should be affected through
group membership so that group information can be used to custom create a logon script using
-the <a class="indexterm" name="id2938632"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>root preexec</tt></i> parameters to the <i class="parameter"><tt>NETLOGON</tt></i> share.
+the <a class="indexterm" name="id2936371"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>root preexec</tt></i> parameters to the <i class="parameter"><tt>NETLOGON</tt></i> share.
</p><p>
Some sites prefer to use a tool such as <b class="command">kixstart</b> to establish a controlled
user environment. In any case you may wish to do a google search for logon script process controls.
In particular, you may wish to explore the use of the Microsoft knowledgebase article KB189105 that
deals with how to add printers without user intervention via the logon script process.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8674"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
6413"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
User and Group Profiles may be migrated using the tools described in the section titled Desktop Profile
Management.
</p><p>
Profiles may also be managed using the Samba-3 tool <b class="command">profiles</b>. This tool allows
the MS Windows NT style security identifiers (SIDs) that are stored inside the profile NTuser.DAT file
to be changed to the SID of the Samba-3 domain.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
8704"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id293
6443"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
It is possible to migrate all account settings from an MS Windows NT4 domain to Samba-3. Before
attempting to migrate user and group accounts it is STRONGLY advised to create in Samba-3 the
groups that are present on the MS Windows NT4 domain <span class="emphasis"><em>AND</em></span> to map these to
suitable Unix/Linux groups. By following this simple advice all user and group attributes
should migrate painlessly.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
8728"></a>Steps In Migration Process</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
6467"></a>Steps In Migration Process</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The approximate migration process is described below.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
You will have an NT4 PDC that has the users, groups, policies and profiles to be migrated
</pre><p>
</p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net groupmap list</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Now check that all groups are recognised</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><p>
Now migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
8940"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
6679"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Sites that wish to migrate from MS Windows NT4 Domain Control to a Samba based solution
generally fit into three basic categories.
-</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
8955"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.1. The 3 Major Site Types</b></p><table summary="The 3 Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Number of Users</th><th align="justify">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">< 50</td><td align="justify"><p>Want simple conversion with NO pain</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">50 - 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Want new features, can manage some in-house complexity</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">> 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Solution/Implementation MUST scale well, complex needs. Cross departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2939031"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="table"><a name="id293
6694"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.1. The 3 Major Site Types</b></p><table summary="The 3 Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Number of Users</th><th align="justify">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">< 50</td><td align="justify"><p>Want simple conversion with NO pain</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">50 - 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Want new features, can manage some in-house complexity</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">> 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Solution/Implementation MUST scale well, complex needs. Cross departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2936770"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are three basic choices for sites that intend to migrate from MS Windows NT4
to Samba-3.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
Test ALL assumptions
</p></li><li><p>
Test full roll-out program, including workstation deployment
- </p></li></ul></div><div class="table"><a name="id293
9102"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="justify">Simple</th><th align="justify">Upgraded</th><th align="justify">Redesign</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make use of minimal OS specific features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Decide:</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Suck all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Copy and improve:</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Authentication Regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Desktop Management Methods</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Minimise user impact</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Better Control of Desktops / Users</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Live versus Isolated Conversion</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Maximise functionality</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Identify Needs for: Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Integrate Samba-3 then migrate while users are active, then Change of control (ie: swap out)</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td align="justify"><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2939287"></a>Samba-3 Implementation Choices</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Authentication database/back end:</span></dt><dd><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="table"><a name="id293
6841"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="justify">Simple</th><th align="justify">Upgraded</th><th align="justify">Redesign</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make use of minimal OS specific features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Decide:</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Suck all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Copy and improve:</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Authentication Regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Desktop Management Methods</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Minimise user impact</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Better Control of Desktops / Users</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Live versus Isolated Conversion</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Maximise functionality</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Identify Needs for: Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Integrate Samba-3 then migrate while users are active, then Change of control (ie: swap out)</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td align="justify"><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2937026"></a>Samba-3 Implementation Choices</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Authentication database/back end:</span></dt><dd><p>
Samba-3 can use an external authentication backend:
</p><p>
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Winbind (external Samba or NT4/200x server)</p></li><li><p>External server could use Active Directory or NT4 Domain</p></li><li><p>Can use pam_mkhomedir.so to auto-create home dirs</p></li></ul></div><p>
Linux limit is 16 char, no spaces and no upper case chars (groupadd)</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Migration Tools:</span></dt><dd><p>
Domain Control (NT4 Style) Profiles, Policies, Access Controls, Security
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Samba: net, rpcclient, smbpasswd, pdbedit, profiles</p></li><li><p>Windows: NT4 Domain User Manager, Server Manager (NEXUS)</p></li></ul></div><p>
- </p></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SWAT"></a>Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
9647">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2939686">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2939924">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940035">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940097">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940204">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940332">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940380">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940432">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940455">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SWAT"></a>Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id293
7386">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2937426">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937663">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937775">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937837">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2937944">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938008">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938072">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938120">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938171">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938195">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
There are many and varied opinions regarding the usefulness or otherwise of SWAT.
No matter how hard one tries to produce the perfect configuration tool it remains
an object of personal taste. SWAT is a tool that will allow web based configuration
sensitive help on each smb.conf parameter, it provides for monitoring of current state
of connection information, and it allows network wide MS Windows network password
management.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
9647"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id293
7386"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are network administrators who believe that it is a good idea to write systems
documentation inside configuration files, for them SWAT will aways be a nasty tool. SWAT
does not store the configuration file in any intermediate form, rather, it stores only the
So before using SWAT please be warned - SWAT will completely replace your smb.conf with
a fully optimised file that has been stripped of all comments you might have placed there
and only non-default settings will be written to the file.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
9686"></a>Enabling SWAT for use</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7426"></a>Enabling SWAT for use</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
SWAT should be installed to run via the network super daemon. Depending on which system
your UNIX/Linux system has you will have either an <b class="command">inetd</b> or
<b class="command">xinetd</b> based system.
full change and commit ability. The buttons that will be exposed includes:
<span class="guibutton">HOME</span>, <span class="guibutton">GLOBALS</span>, <span class="guibutton">SHARES</span>, <span class="guibutton">PRINTERS</span>,
<span class="guibutton">WIZARD</span>, <span class="guibutton">STATUS</span>, <span class="guibutton">VIEW</span>, <span class="guibutton">PASSWORD</span>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
9924"></a>Securing SWAT through SSL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id293
7663"></a>Securing SWAT through SSL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Lots of people have asked about how to setup SWAT with SSL to allow for secure remote
administration of Samba. Here is a method that works, courtesy of Markus Krieger
</p><p>
</pre></li></ol></div><p>
afterwords simply contact to swat by using the URL <a href="https://myhost:901" target="_top">https://myhost:901</a>, accept the certificate
and the SSL connection is up.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40035"></a>The SWAT Home Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
37775"></a>The SWAT Home Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The SWAT title page provides access to the latest Samba documentation. The manual page for
each samba component is accessible from this page as are the Samba-HOWTO-Collection (this
document) as well as the O'Reilly book "Using Samba".
changes to smb.conf as well as general operation with root privileges. The option that
creates this ability is the <tt class="option">-a</tt> flag to swat. <span class="emphasis"><em>Do not use this in any
production environment.</em></span>
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40097"></a>Global Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
37837"></a>Global Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Globals button will expose a page that allows configuration of the global parameters
in smb.conf. There are three levels of exposure of the parameters:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
SWAT has context sensitive help. To find out what each parameter is for simply click the
<span class="guibutton">Help</span> link to the left of the configuration parameter.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40204"></a>Share Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
37944"></a>Share Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To affect a currently configured share, simply click on the pull down button between the
<span class="guibutton">Choose Share</span> and the <span class="guibutton">Delete Share</span> buttons,
select the share you wish to operate on, then to edit the settings click on the
To create a new share, next to the button labelled <span class="guibutton">Create Share</span> enter
into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the
<span class="guibutton">Create Share</span> button.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40268"></a>Printers Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
38008"></a>Printers Settings</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To affect a currently configured printer, simply click on the pull down button between the
<span class="guibutton">Choose Printer</span> and the <span class="guibutton">Delete Printer</span> buttons,
select the printer you wish to operate on, then to edit the settings click on the
To create a new printer, next to the button labelled <span class="guibutton">Create Printer</span> enter
into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the
<span class="guibutton">Create Printer</span> button.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40332"></a>The SWAT Wizard</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
38072"></a>The SWAT Wizard</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The purpose if the SWAT Wizard is to help the Microsoft knowledgeable network administrator
to configure Samba with a minimum of effort.
</p><p>
will be configured for, whether it will be a WINS server, participate as a WINS client, or
operate with no WINS support. By clicking on one button you can elect to expose (or not) user
home directories.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40380"></a>The Status Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
38120"></a>The Status Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The status page serves a limited purpose. Firstly, it allows control of the samba daemons.
The key daemons that create the samba server environment are: <span class="application">smbd</span>, <span class="application">nmbd</span>, <span class="application">winbindd</span>.
</p><p>
</p><p>
Lastly, the Status page may be used to terminate specific smbd client connections in order to
free files that may be locked.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40432"></a>The View Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
38171"></a>The View Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This page allows the administrator to view the optimised <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file and, if you are
particularly masochistic, will permit you also to see all possible global configuration
parameters and their settings.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
40455"></a>The Password Change Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id29
38195"></a>The Password Change Page</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Password Change page is a popular tool. This tool allows the creation, deletion, deactivation
and reactivation of MS Windows networking users on the local machine. Alternatively, you can use
this tool to change a local password for a user account.
</p><p>
One popular use for this tool is to change user passwords across a range of remote MS Windows
servers.
-</p></div></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="troubleshooting"></a>Troubleshooting</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>33. <a href="#diagnosis">The Samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id29
40585">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940619">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942320">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942341">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942454">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942476">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942528">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942845">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942886">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870642">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870770">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870833">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870870">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871212">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871258">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 33. The Samba checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2940585">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940619">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2940585"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="troubleshooting"></a>Troubleshooting</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>33. <a href="#diagnosis">The Samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id29
38325">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938359">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940060">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940082">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940195">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940216">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2940586">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940626">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940778">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940906">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940969">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941006">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941348">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941395">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 33. The Samba checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2938325">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938359">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2938325"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your
Samba server. It also tells you what the likely cause of the problem
is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests
If you send one of the samba mailing lists an email saying "it doesn't work"
and you have not followed this test procedure then you should not be surprised
if your email is ignored.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
40619"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
38359"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In all of the tests it is assumed you have a Samba server called
BIGSERVER and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP.
</p><p>
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. I will assume this share is called <i class="replaceable"><tt>tmp</tt></i>.
You can add a <i class="replaceable"><tt>tmp</tt></i> share like this by adding the
following to <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id29
40668"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.1. smb.conf with [tmp] share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = temporary files </tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /tmp</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id29
38408"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.1. smb.conf with [tmp] share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = temporary files </tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /tmp</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
These tests assume version 3.0 or later of the samba suite.
Some commands shown did not exist in earlier versions.
Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check
that the settings for your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file results in <b class="command">dns proxy = no</b>. The
best way to check this is with <b class="userinput"><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
40768"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id29
38508"></a><p>
It is helpful to monitor the log files during testing by using the
<b class="command">tail -F <i class="replaceable"><tt>log_file_name</tt></i></b> in a separate
terminal console (use ctrl-alt-F1 through F6 or multiple terminals in X).
</p><p>
If you make changes to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file while going through these test,
don't forget to restart <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
40846"></a>The tests</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 33.1. Diagnosing your samba server</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id2940862"></a><ol type="1"><li><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id29
38586"></a>The tests</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 33.1. Diagnosing your samba server</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id2938602"></a><ol type="1"><li><p>
In the directory in which you store your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, run the command
<b class="userinput"><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. If it reports any errors then your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
configuration file is faulty.
it is running, and check that the netbios-ssn port is in a LISTEN
state using <b class="userinput"><tt>netstat -a</tt></b>.
</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2941120"></a>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2941129"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2938860"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2938869"></a>
Some Unix / Linux systems use <b class="command">xinetd</b> in place of
<b class="command">inetd</b>. Check your system documentation for the location
of the control file/s for your particular system implementation of
will automatically translate to the loopback adapter address 127.0.0.1.
To solve this problem change these lines to:
</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = ALL</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127.</tt></i></td></tr></table><p>
-Do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941285"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter where you
+Do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2939025"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter where you
may wish to
use the samba password change facility, or where <span class="application">smbclient</span> may need to
access a local service for name resolution or for local resource
-connections. (Note: the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941311"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter deficiency
+connections. (Note: the <a class="indexterm" name="id2939051"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter deficiency
where it will not allow connections to the loopback address will be
fixed soon).
</p><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2941331"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2939072"></a>
Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running
on port <tt class="constant">139</tt>, such as Samba
(ie: <span class="application">smbd</span> is running from <span class="application">inetd</span> already) or
If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then
nmblookup isn't correctly getting your broadcast address through its
automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment with the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2941502"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2939242"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP
address, broadcast and netmask.
</p><p>
If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to
</p><p>
This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are
not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above).
-</p></li><li><a class="indexterm" name="id29
41549"></a><p>
+</p></li><li><a class="indexterm" name="id29
39290"></a><p>
Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</tt></b>. You should
then be prompted for a password. You should use the password of the account
you are logged into the unix box with. If you want to test with
you have shadow passwords (or some other password system) but didn't
compile in support for them in <span class="application">smbd</span>
</p></li><li><p>
- your <a class="indexterm" name="id2941671"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> configuration is incorrect
+ your <a class="indexterm" name="id2939411"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> configuration is incorrect
</p></li><li><p>
- you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941694"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> option at a high enough level
+ you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <a class="indexterm" name="id2939433"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> option at a high enough level
</p></li><li><p>
- the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941717"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> line in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with <span class="application">testparm</span>
+ the <a class="indexterm" name="id2939457"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> line in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with <span class="application">testparm</span>
</p></li><li><p>
you enabled password encryption but didn't map unix to samba users. Run </p><pre class="screen"><b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -a <i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i></tt></b></pre><p>.
</p></li></ol></div><p>
and other config lines in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> are correct.
</p><p>
It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to
-connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line <a class="indexterm" name="id2942003"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> = username to the <i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i> section of
+connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line <a class="indexterm" name="id2939744"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> = username to the <i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i> section of
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> where <i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i> is the
username corresponding to the password you typed. If you find this
fixes things you may need the username mapping option.
</p><p>
It might also be the case that your client only sends encrypted passwords
-and you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2942043"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = no in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+and you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2939783"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = no in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
Turn it back on to fix.
</p></li><li><p>
Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>nmblookup -M <i class="replaceable"><tt>testgroup</tt></i></tt></b> where
If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to
see if it is just being slow then try again. If it still fails after
that then look at the browsing options you have set in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Make
-sure you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2942107"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> = yes to ensure that
+sure you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2939847"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> = yes to ensure that
an election is held at startup.
</p></li><li><p>
From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should
password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it
is refusing to browse a server that has no encrypted password
capability and is in user level security mode. In this case either set
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2942148"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server AND
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2942162"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> = Windows_NT_Machine in your
-<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <a class="indexterm" name="id2942184"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> is
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2939889"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server AND
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2939902"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> = Windows_NT_Machine in your
+<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <a class="indexterm" name="id2939924"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> is
set to "yes".
-</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="problems"></a>Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 Apr 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
2320">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942341">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942454">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942476">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942528">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942845">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942886">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870642">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></div><p>
+</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="problems"></a>Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 Apr 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
0060">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2940082">Debugging with Samba itself</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940195">Tcpdump</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940216">Ethereal</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940268">The Windows Network Monitor</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2940586">Useful URLs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940626">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940778">How to get off the mailing lists</a></dt></dl></div><p>
There are many sources of information available in the form
of mailing lists, RFC's and documentation. The docs that come
with the samba distribution contain very good explanations of
-general SMB topics such as browsing.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
2320"></a>Diagnostics tools</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>With SMB networking, it is often not immediately clear what
+general SMB topics such as browsing.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
0060"></a>Diagnostics tools</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>With SMB networking, it is often not immediately clear what
the cause is of a certain problem. Samba itself provides rather
useful information, but in some cases you might have to fall back
to using a <span class="emphasis"><em>sniffer</em></span>. A sniffer is a program that
listens on your LAN, analyses the data sent on it and displays it
-on the screen.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
2341"></a>Debugging with Samba itself</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+on the screen.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
0082"></a>Debugging with Samba itself</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself.
You can use the <tt class="option">-d option</tt> for both <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span> to specify what
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2942372"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debug level</tt></i> at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd and
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2940113"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debug level</tt></i> at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd and
smb.conf for more information on debugging options. The debug
level can range from 1 (the default) to 10 (100 for debugging passwords).
</p><p>
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>testparm | more</tt></b>
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</tt></b>
-</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
2454"></a>Tcpdump</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p><a href="http://www.tcpdump.org/" target="_top">Tcpdump</a> was the first
+</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
0195"></a>Tcpdump</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p><a href="http://www.tcpdump.org/" target="_top">Tcpdump</a> was the first
unix sniffer with SMB support. It is a command-line utility and
nowadays, it's SMB support is somewhat less then that of ethereal
-and tethereal.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
2476"></a>Ethereal</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+and tethereal.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
0216"></a>Ethereal</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
<a href="http://www.ethereal.com/" target="_top">Ethereal</a> is a graphical
sniffer, available for both unix (Gtk) and Windows. Ethereal's
SMB support is very good.</p><p>For details on the use of ethereal, read the well-written
ethereal User Guide.</p><p>
Listen for data on ports 137, 138, 139 and 445. E.g.
use the filter <b class="userinput"><tt>port 137 or port 138 or port 139 or port 445</tt></b>.</p><p>A console version of ethereal is available as well and is called
-<b class="command">tethereal</b>.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
2528"></a>The Windows Network Monitor</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<b class="command">tethereal</b>.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
0268"></a>The Windows Network Monitor</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor
(aka. netmon) is available on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's,
the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's. The version of
of network traffic directed to the local NT box and broadcasts on the
local subnet. Be aware that Ethereal can read and write netmon
formatted files.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id294
2549"></a>Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id294
0289"></a>Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple
of steps. The following are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes
with Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT
to <tt class="filename">%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</tt> on the Workstation and set
permissions as you deem appropriate for your site. You will need
administrative rights on the NT box to run netmon.
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id294
2818"></a>Installing 'Network Monitor' on an 9x Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id294
0558"></a>Installing 'Network Monitor' on an 9x Workstation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent
from the Windows 9x CD (<tt class="filename">\admin\nettools\netmon</tt>). There is a readme
file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need
information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working
Netmon installation.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
2845"></a>Useful URLs</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
0586"></a>Useful URLs</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at
<a href="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html" target="_top">
http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</a>. </p></li><li><p>FTP site for older SMB specs:
<a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/" target="_top">
- ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
2886"></a>Getting help from the mailing lists</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
0626"></a>Getting help from the mailing lists</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <a href="http://samba.org" target="_top">http://samba.org</a>, click on your nearest mirror
and then click on <b class="command">Support</b> and then click on <b class="command">
Samba related mailing lists</b>.
the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</p></li><li><p>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba
mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your
-smb.conf in their attach directory?</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
870642"></a>How to get off the mailing lists</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the
+smb.conf in their attach directory?</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
940778"></a>How to get off the mailing lists</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the
same place you went to to get on it. Go to <a href="http://lists.samba.org/" target="_top">http://lists.samba.org</a>,
click on your nearest mirror and then click on <b class="command">Support</b> and
then click on <b class="command"> Samba related mailing lists</b>.
</p><p>
Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just
be referred to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...)
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="bugreport"></a>Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 27 June 1997 </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2
870770">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870833">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870870">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871212">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871258">Patches</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2870770"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Please report bugs using
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="bugreport"></a>Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 27 June 1997 </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2
940906">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2940969">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941006">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941348">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941395">Patches</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2940906"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Please report bugs using
<a href="https://bugzilla.samba.org/" target="_top">bugzilla</a>.</p><p>
Please take the time to read this file before you submit a bug
report. Also, please see if it has changed between releases, as we
You may also like to look though the recent mailing list archives,
which are conveniently accessible on the Samba web pages
at <a href="http://samba.org/samba/" target="_top">http://samba.org/samba/</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
870833"></a>General info</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
940969"></a>General info</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Before submitting a bug report check your config for silly
errors. Look in your log files for obvious messages that tell you that
you've misconfigured something and run testparm to test your config
If you include part of a log file with your bug report then be sure to
annotate it with exactly what you were doing on the client at the
time, and exactly what the results were.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
870870"></a>Debug levels</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941006"></a>Debug levels</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If the bug has anything to do with Samba behaving incorrectly as a
server (like refusing to open a file) then the log files will probably
be very useful. Depending on the problem a log level of between 3 and
10 showing the problem may be appropriate. A higher level gives more
detail, but may use too much disk space.
</p><p>
-To set the debug level use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2870891"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> in your
+To set the debug level use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941026"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> in your
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. You may also find it useful to set the log
level higher for just one machine and keep separate logs for each machine.
To do this add the following lines to your main <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file:
<tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.<i class="replaceable"><tt>machine</tt></i></tt> where
<i class="replaceable"><tt>machine</tt></i> is the name of the client you wish to debug. In that file
put any <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> commands you want, for example
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2870982"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> may be useful. This also allows you to
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2941118"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> may be useful. This also allows you to
experiment with different security systems, protocol levels etc on just
one machine.
</p><p>
-The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> entry <a class="indexterm" name="id2871009"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i>
-is synonymous with the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2871023"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> that has
+The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> entry <a class="indexterm" name="id2941145"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i>
+is synonymous with the parameter <a class="indexterm" name="id2941160"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> that has
been used in older versions of Samba and is being retained for backwards
compatibility of <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> files.
</p><p>
-As the <a class="indexterm" name="id2871049"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> value is increased you will record
+As the <a class="indexterm" name="id2941186"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>log level</tt></i> value is increased you will record
a significantly increasing level of debugging information. For most
debugging operations you may not need a setting higher than
<tt class="constant">3</tt>. Nearly
all bugs can be tracked at a setting of <tt class="constant">10</tt>, but be
prepared for a VERY large volume of log data.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871078"></a>Internal errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941215"></a>Internal errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you get a <span class="errorname">INTERNAL ERROR</span> message in your log files
it means that Samba got an unexpected signal while running. It is probably a
segmentation fault and almost certainly means a bug in Samba (unless
</p><p>
You should also detail how to reproduce the problem, if
possible. Please make this reasonably detailed.
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
871114"></a><p>
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
941250"></a><p>
You may also find that a core file appeared in a <tt class="filename">corefiles</tt>
subdirectory of the directory where you keep your samba log
files. This file is the most useful tool for tracking down the bug. To
use it you do this:
-</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
871136"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2871145"></a><pre class="screen">
+</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
941273"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2941281"></a><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>gdb smbd core</tt></b>
</pre><p>
adding appropriate paths to smbd and core so gdb can find them. If you
where the problem is by looking at the surrounding code. Even if you
don't know assembly, including this info in the bug report can be
useful.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871212"></a>Attaching to a running process</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941348"></a>Attaching to a running process</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Unfortunately some unixes (in particular some recent linux kernels)
refuse to dump a core file if the task has changed uid (which smbd
does often). To debug with this sort of system you could try to attach
Then use <b class="command">c</b> to continue and try to cause the core dump
using the client. The debugger should catch the fault and tell you
where it occurred.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871258"></a>Patches</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2871266"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2871274"></a><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941395"></a>Patches</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2941403"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2941411"></a><p>
The best sort of bug report is one that includes a fix! If you send us
patches please use <b class="userinput"><tt>diff -u</tt></b> format if your version of
diff supports it, otherwise use <b class="userinput"><tt>diff -c4</tt></b>. Make sure
you do the diff against a clean version of the source and let me know
exactly what version you used.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="Appendixes"></a>Appendixes</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>36. <a href="#compiling">How to compile Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871417">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871434">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871712">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871776">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871926">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872104">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872271">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872625">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>37. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872789">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872876">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872906">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943012">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943056">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943063">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943089">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943096">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>38. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943249">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943327">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943334">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
- OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943403">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
- OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
455">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943555">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943563">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943653">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943683">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943736">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943774">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943791">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943837">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943911">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943935">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944122">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>39. <a href="#speed">Samba Performance Tuning</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944254">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944298">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944388">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944438">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944498">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944528">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944612">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944675">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944704">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944729">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944774">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>40. <a href="#DNSDHCP">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944876">Note</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>41. <a href="#Further-Resources">Further Resources</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944943">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945351">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="compiling"></a>Chapter 36. How to compile Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 22 May 2001 </p></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 18 March 2003 </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2871417">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871434">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2871712">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871776">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871926">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872104">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872271">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872625">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="Appendixes"></a>Appendixes</h1></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>36. <a href="#compiling">How to compile Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2941554">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2941570">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941600">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2941849">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941913">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942063">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942242">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942409">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942763">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>37. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942927">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943015">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943044">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943217">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943261">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943268">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943294">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943299">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>38. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943452">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943531">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943538">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
+ OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943607">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
+ OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
660">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943760">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943768">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943858">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943888">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943941">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943979">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943996">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944042">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944116">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944140">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944326">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>39. <a href="#speed">Samba Performance Tuning</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944458">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944501">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944592">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944641">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944701">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944732">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944816">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944879">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944908">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944932">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944965">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>40. <a href="#DNSDHCP">DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2945070">Note</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>41. <a href="#Further-Resources">Further Resources</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2945137">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945545">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="compiling"></a>Chapter 36. How to compile Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 22 May 2001 </p></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 18 March 2003 </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2941554">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2941570">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941600">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2941849">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2941913">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942063">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942242">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2942409">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2942763">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
You can obtain the samba source from the
<a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">samba website</a>. To obtain a development version,
you can download samba from CVS or using rsync.
-</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871417"></a>Access Samba source code via CVS</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2871426"></a><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2871434"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941554"></a>Access Samba source code via CVS</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2941562"></a><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2941570"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Samba is developed in an open environment. Developers use CVS
(Concurrent Versioning System) to "checkin" (also known as
"commit") new source code. Samba's various CVS branches can
</p><p>
This chapter is a modified version of the instructions found at
<a href="http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html" target="_top">http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html</a>
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
871464"></a>CVS Access to samba.org</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
941600"></a>CVS Access to samba.org</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The machine samba.org runs a publicly accessible CVS
repository for access to the source code of several packages,
including samba, rsync, distcc, ccache and jitterbug. There are two main ways
of accessing the CVS server on this host.
-</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
871480"></a>Access via CVSweb</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2871488"></a><p>
+</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
941616"></a>Access via CVSweb</h4></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2941625"></a><p>
You can access the source code via your
favourite WWW browser. This allows you to access the contents of
individual files in the repository and also to look at the revision
listing between any two versions on the repository.
</p><p>
Use the URL : <a href="http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb" target="_top">http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb</a>
-</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
871521"></a>Access via cvs</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
941658"></a>Access via cvs</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
You can also access the source code via a
normal cvs client. This gives you much more control over what you can
do with the repository and allows you to checkout whole source trees
the following command from within the samba directory:
</p><p>
<b class="userinput"><tt>cvs update -d -P</tt></b>
- </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871712"></a>Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2871720"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2871729"></a><p>
+ </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941849"></a>Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2941857"></a><a class="indexterm" name="id2941865"></a><p>
pserver.samba.org also exports unpacked copies of most parts of the CVS
tree at <a href="ftp://pserver.samba.org/pub/unpacked" target="_top">ftp://pserver.samba.org/pub/unpacked</a> and also via anonymous rsync at
<a href="rsync://pserver.samba.org/ftp/unpacked/" target="_top">rsync://pserver.samba.org/ftp/unpacked/</a>. I recommend using rsync rather than ftp.
The disadvantage of the unpacked trees is that they do not support automatic
merging of local changes like CVS does. rsync access is most convenient
for an initial install.
- </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871776"></a>Verifying Samba's PGP signature</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
941913"></a>Verifying Samba's PGP signature</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
In these days of insecurity, it's strongly recommended that you verify the PGP
signature for any source file before installing it. Even if you're not
downloading from a mirror site, verifying PGP signatures should be a
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-2.2.8a.tar.asc</tt></b>
<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-pubkey.asc</tt></b>
</pre><p>
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2871837"></a>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2941973"></a>
The first file is the PGP signature for the Samba source file; the other is the Samba public
PGP key itself. Import the public PGP key with:
</p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="computeroutput">
gpg: BAD signature from "Samba Distribution Verification Key"
</tt>
- </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
871926"></a>Building the Binaries</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2871933"></a><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
942063"></a>Building the Binaries</h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2942071"></a><p>
To do this, first run the program <b class="userinput"><tt>./configure
</tt></b> in the source directory. This should automatically
configure Samba for your operating system. If you have unusual
needs then you may wish to run</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>./configure --help
</tt></b></pre><p>first to see what special options you can enable.
- Then executing</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
871979"></a><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make</tt></b></pre><p>will create the binaries. Once it's successfully
+ Then executing</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
942117"></a><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make</tt></b></pre><p>will create the binaries. Once it's successfully
compiled you can use </p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make install</tt></b></pre><p>to install the binaries and manual pages. You can
separately install the binaries and/or man pages using</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make installbin
</tt></b></pre><p>and</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make installman
of Samba you might like to know that the old versions of
the binaries will be renamed with a ".old" extension. You
can go back to the previous version with</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>make revert
-</tt></b></pre><p>if you find this version a disaster!</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
872104"></a>Compiling samba with Active Directory support</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>In order to compile samba with ADS support, you need to have installed
+</tt></b></pre><p>if you find this version a disaster!</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
942242"></a>Compiling samba with Active Directory support</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>In order to compile samba with ADS support, you need to have installed
on your system:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the MIT kerberos development libraries
(either install from the sources or use a package). The
Heimdal libraries will not work.</p></li><li><p>the OpenLDAP development libraries.</p></li></ul></div><p>If your kerberos libraries are in a non-standard location then
#define HAVE_LDAP 1
</pre><p>If it doesn't then configure did not find your krb5 libraries or
your ldap libraries. Look in <tt class="filename">config.log</tt> to figure
- out why and fix it.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
872186"></a>Installing the required packages for Debian</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>On Debian you need to install the following packages:</p><p>
+ out why and fix it.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
942323"></a>Installing the required packages for Debian</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>On Debian you need to install the following packages:</p><p>
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>libkrb5-dev</p></li><li><p>krb5-user</p></li></ul></div><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
872217"></a>Installing the required packages for RedHat</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>On RedHat this means you should have at least: </p><p>
+ </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2
942355"></a>Installing the required packages for RedHat</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>On RedHat this means you should have at least: </p><p>
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>krb5-workstation (for kinit)</p></li><li><p>krb5-libs (for linking with)</p></li><li><p>krb5-devel (because you are compiling from source)</p></li></ul></div><p>
</p><p>in addition to the standard development environment.</p><p>Note that these are not standard on a RedHat install, and you may need
- to get them off CD2.</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
872271"></a>Starting the <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span></h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2872291"></a><p>You must choose to start <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span> either
+ to get them off CD2.</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
942409"></a>Starting the <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span></h2></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2942429"></a><p>You must choose to start <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span> either
as daemons or from <span class="application">inetd</span>. Don't try
to do both! Either you can put them in <tt class="filename">
inetd.conf</tt> and have them started on demand
Samba. In many cases you must be root.</p><p>The main advantage of starting <span class="application">smbd</span>
and <span class="application">nmbd</span> using the recommended daemon method
is that they will respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection
- request.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
872378"></a>Starting from inetd.conf</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2872386"></a><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>The following will be different if
+ request.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
942516"></a>Starting from inetd.conf</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2942524"></a><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>The following will be different if
you use NIS, NIS+ or LDAP to distribute services maps.</p></div><p>Look at your <tt class="filename">/etc/services</tt>.
What is defined at port 139/tcp. If nothing is defined
then add a line like this:</p><pre class="programlisting">netbios-ssn 139/tcp</pre><p>similarly for 137/udp you should have an entry like:</p><pre class="programlisting">netbios-ns 137/udp</pre><p>Next edit your <tt class="filename">/etc/inetd.conf</tt>
netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd
</pre><p>The exact syntax of <tt class="filename">/etc/inetd.conf</tt>
varies between unixes. Look at the other entries in inetd.conf
- for a guide. </p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
872476"></a><p>Some distributions use xinetd instead of inetd. Consult the
+ for a guide. </p><a class="indexterm" name="id2
942614"></a><p>Some distributions use xinetd instead of inetd. Consult the
xinetd manual for configuration information.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Some unixes already have entries like netbios_ns
(note the underscore) in <tt class="filename">/etc/services</tt>.
You must either edit <tt class="filename">/etc/services</tt> or
<tt class="filename">/etc/inetd.conf</tt> to make them consistent.
- </p></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2
872519"></a><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>On many systems you may need to use the
- <a class="indexterm" name="id2872531"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to specify the IP
+ </p></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2
942657"></a><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>On many systems you may need to use the
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2942669"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to specify the IP
address and netmask of your interfaces. Run
<span class="application">ifconfig</span>
as root if you don't know what the broadcast is for your
from <b class="command">inetd</b>.</p></div><p>Restart <span class="application">inetd</span>, perhaps just send
it a HUP. </p><pre class="screen">
<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>killall -HUP inetd</tt></b>
- </pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
872625"></a>Alternative: starting it as a daemon</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2872633"></a><p>To start the server as a daemon you should create
+ </pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2
942763"></a>Alternative: starting it as a daemon</h3></div></div><div></div></div><a class="indexterm" name="id2942771"></a><p>To start the server as a daemon you should create
a script something like this one, perhaps calling
it <tt class="filename">startsmb</tt>.</p><pre class="programlisting">
#!/bin/sh
</p><p>To kill it send a kill signal to the processes
<span class="application">nmbd</span> and <span class="application">smbd</span>.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>If you use the SVR4 style init system then
you may like to look at the <tt class="filename">examples/svr4-startup</tt>
- script to make Samba fit into that system.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Portability"></a>Chapter 37. Portability</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2
872789">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872876">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872906">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943012">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943056">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943063">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943089">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943096">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>Samba works on a wide range of platforms but the interface all the
+ script to make Samba fit into that system.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Portability"></a>Chapter 37. Portability</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2
942927">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943015">SCO UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943044">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943217">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943261">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943268">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943294">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943299">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>Samba works on a wide range of platforms but the interface all the
platforms provide is not always compatible. This chapter contains
-platform-specific information about compiling and using samba.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
872789"></a>HPUX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+platform-specific information about compiling and using samba.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
942927"></a>HPUX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
HP's implementation of supplementary groups is, er, non-standard (for
hysterical reasons). There are two group files, <tt class="filename">/etc/group</tt> and
<tt class="filename">/etc/logingroup</tt>; the system maps UIDs to numbers using the former, but
On HPUX you must use gcc or the HP ANSI compiler. The free compiler
that comes with HP-UX is not ANSI compliant and cannot compile
Samba.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
872876"></a>SCO UNIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
943015"></a>SCO UNIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
If you run an old version of SCO UNIX then you may need to get important
TCP/IP patches for Samba to work correctly. Without the patch, you may
encounter corrupt data transfers using samba.
The patch you need is UOD385 Connection Drivers SLS. It is available from
SCO (<a href="ftp://ftp.sco.com/" target="_top">ftp.sco.com</a>, directory SLS,
files uod385a.Z and uod385a.ltr.Z).
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
872906"></a>DNIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2
943044"></a>DNIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
DNIX has a problem with seteuid() and setegid(). These routines are
needed for Samba to work correctly, but they were left out of the DNIX
C library for some reason.
You should then remove the line:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
#define NO_EID
-</pre><p>from the DNIX section of <tt class="filename">includes.h</tt></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
012"></a>RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</pre><p>from the DNIX section of <tt class="filename">includes.h</tt></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
217"></a>RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
By default RedHat Rembrandt-II during installation adds an
entry to <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> as follows:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
</p><p>
Corrective Action: Delete the entry after the word loopback
in the line starting 127.0.0.1
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
056"></a>AIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943063"></a>Sequential Read Ahead</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
261"></a>AIX</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943268"></a>Sequential Read Ahead</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Disabling Sequential Read Ahead using <b class="userinput"><tt>vmtune -r 0</tt></b> improves
Samba performance significantly.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
089"></a>Solaris</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943096"></a>Locking improvements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Some people have been experiencing problems with F_SETLKW64/fcntl
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
294"></a>Solaris</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943299"></a>Locking improvements</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Some people have been experiencing problems with F_SETLKW64/fcntl
when running Samba on Solaris. The built in file locking mechanism was
not scalable. Performance would degrade to the point where processes would
get into loops of trying to lock a file. It would try a lock, then fail,
Nsswitch on Solaris 9 refuses to use the winbind nss module. This behavior
is fixed by Sun in patch 113476-05 which as of March 2003 is not in any
roll-up packages.
-</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Other-Clients"></a>Chapter 38. Samba and other CIFS clients</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jim</span> <span class="surname">McDonough</span></h3><span class="contrib">OS/2</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IBM<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jmcd@us.ibm.com">jmcd@us.ibm.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">5 Mar 2001</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2943249">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943327">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943334">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
- OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943403">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
- OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
455">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943555">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943563">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943653">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943683">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943736">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943774">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943791">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943837">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943911">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943935">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944122">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></div><p>This chapter contains client-specific information.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943249"></a>Macintosh clients?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Other-Clients"></a>Chapter 38. Samba and other CIFS clients</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jim</span> <span class="surname">McDonough</span></h3><span class="contrib">OS/2</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IBM<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jmcd@us.ibm.com">jmcd@us.ibm.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">5 Mar 2001</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2943452">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943531">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943538">Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
+ OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943607">Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
+ OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943
660">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2943760">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2943768">Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943858">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943888">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943941">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943979">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2943996">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944042">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2944116">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2944140">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944326">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></div><p>This chapter contains client-specific information.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943452"></a>Macintosh clients?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Yes. <a href="http://www.thursby.com/" target="_top">Thursby</a> now has a CIFS Client / Server called <a href="http://www.thursby.com/products/dave.html" target="_top">DAVE</a>
</p><p>
They test it against Windows 95, Windows NT and samba for
Windows users, these packages offer to Macs. For more info on these
packages, Samba, and Linux (and other UNIX-based systems) see
<a href="http://www.eats.com/linux_mac_win.html" target="_top">http://www.eats.com/linux_mac_win.html</a>
-</p><p>Newer versions of the Macintosh (Mac OS X) include Samba.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943327"></a>OS2 Client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943334"></a>Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
+</p><p>Newer versions of the Macintosh (Mac OS X) include Samba.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943531"></a>OS2 Client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943538"></a>Configuring OS/2 Warp Connect or
OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Basically, you need three components:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The File and Print Client ('IBM Peer')</p></li><li><p>TCP/IP ('Internet support') </p></li><li><p>The "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" driver ('TCPBEUI')</p></li></ul></div><p>Installing the first two together with the base operating
system on a blank system is explained in the Warp manual. If Warp
has already been installed, but you now want to install the
to the "Names List", or specify a WINS server ('NetBIOS
Nameserver' in IBM and RFC terminology). For Warp Connect you
may need to download an update for 'IBM Peer' to bring it on
- the same level as Warp 4. See the webpage mentioned above.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943403"></a>Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
+ the same level as Warp 4. See the webpage mentioned above.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943607"></a>Configuring OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect),
OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>You can use the free Microsoft LAN Manager 2.2c Client
for OS/2 from
<a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/BusSys/Clients/LANMAN.OS2/" target="_top">
or NS2000 driver from
<a href="ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/os2/network/ndis/" target="_top">
ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/os2/network/ndis/</a> instead.
- </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
455"></a>Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>First, create a share called <i class="parameter"><tt>[PRINTDRV]</tt></i> that is
+ </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
660"></a>Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>First, create a share called <i class="parameter"><tt>[PRINTDRV]</tt></i> that is
world-readable. Copy your OS/2 driver files there. Note
that the .EA_ files must still be separate, so you will need
to use the original install files, and not copy an installed
driver from an OS/2 system.</p><p>Install the NT driver first for that printer. Then,
- add to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> a parameter, <a class="indexterm" name="id2943489"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os2 driver map</tt></i> = filename. Then, in the file
+ add to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> a parameter, <a class="indexterm" name="id2943694"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>os2 driver map</tt></i> = filename. Then, in the file
specified by <i class="replaceable"><tt>filename</tt></i>, map the
name of the NT driver name to the OS/2 driver name as
follows:</p><p><i class="parameter"><tt><i class="replaceable"><tt>nt driver name</tt></i> = <i class="replaceable"><tt>os2 driver name</tt></i>.<i class="replaceable"><tt>device name</tt></i></tt></i>, e.g.:</p><p><i class="parameter"><tt>
you the driver is not available. On the second attempt, it
will work. This is fixed simply by adding the device name
to the mapping, after which it will work on the first attempt.
- </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
555"></a>Windows for Workgroups</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943563"></a>Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use the latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft if you use Windows
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2943
760"></a>Windows for Workgroups</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943768"></a>Latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Use the latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft if you use Windows
for Workgroups.
</p><p>The early TCP/IP stacks had lots of bugs.</p><p>
Microsoft has released an incremental upgrade to their TCP/IP 32-Bit
<tt class="filename">TRACERT.EXE</tt>,
<tt class="filename">NETSTAT.EXE</tt>, and
<tt class="filename">NBTSTAT.EXE</tt>.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
653"></a>Delete .pwl files after password change</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
858"></a>Delete .pwl files after password change</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
WfWg does a lousy job with passwords. I find that if I change my
password on either the unix box or the PC the safest thing to do is to
delete the .pwl files in the windows directory. The PC will complain about not finding the files, but will soon get over it, allowing you to enter the new password.
password, even if you told it a new one.
</p><p>
Often WfWg will totally ignore a password you give it in a dialog box.
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
683"></a>Configuring WfW password handling</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
888"></a>Configuring WfW password handling</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There is a program call admincfg.exe
on the last disk (disk 8) of the WFW 3.11 disk set. To install it
type <b class="userinput"><tt>EXPAND A:\ADMINCFG.EX_ C:\WINDOWS\ADMINCFG.EXE</tt></b>.
Then add an icon
for it via the <span class="application">Program Manager</span> <span class="guimenu">New</span> Menu.
This program allows you to control how WFW handles passwords. ie disable Password Caching etc
-for use with <a class="indexterm" name="id2943721"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user
-</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
736"></a>Case handling of passwords</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Windows for Workgroups uppercases the password before sending it to the server. Unix passwords can be case-sensitive though. Check the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> information on <a class="indexterm" name="id2943756"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> to specify what characters samba should try to uppercase when checking.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943774"></a>Use TCP/IP as default protocol</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>To support print queue reporting you may find
+for use with <a class="indexterm" name="id2943925"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = user
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
941"></a>Case handling of passwords</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Windows for Workgroups uppercases the password before sending it to the server. Unix passwords can be case-sensitive though. Check the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> information on <a class="indexterm" name="id2943961"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> to specify what characters samba should try to uppercase when checking.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943979"></a>Use TCP/IP as default protocol</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>To support print queue reporting you may find
that you have to use TCP/IP as the default protocol under
WfWg. For some reason if you leave NetBEUI as the default
it may break the print queue reporting on some systems.
-It is presumably a WfWg bug.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
791"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+It is presumably a WfWg bug.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2943
996"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Note that some people have found that setting <i class="parameter"><tt>DefaultRcvWindow</tt></i> in
the <i class="parameter"><tt>[MSTCP]</tt></i> section of the
<tt class="filename">SYSTEM.INI</tt> file under WfWg to 3072 gives a
reported that anything over 3072 slows things down enormously. One
person even reported a speed drop of a factor of 30 when he went from
3072 to 8192. I don't know why.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
3837"></a>Windows '95/'98</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
4042"></a>Windows '95/'98</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
When using Windows 95 OEM SR2 the following updates are recommended where Samba
is being used. Please NOTE that the above change will affect you once these
updates have been installed.
fix may stop your machine from hanging for an extended period when exiting
Outlook and you may also notice a significant speedup when accessing network
neighborhood services.
-</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
3911"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id294
4116"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Configure the win95 TCPIP registry settings to give better
performance. I use a program called <b class="command">MTUSPEED.exe</b> which I got off the
net. There are various other utilities of this type freely available.
-</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
3935"></a>Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id294
4140"></a>Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are several annoyances with Windows 2000 SP2. One of which
only appears when using a Samba server to host user profiles
to Windows 2000 SP2 clients in a Windows domain. This assumes
</p><p>
In order to serve profiles successfully to Windows 2000 SP2
clients (when not operating as a PDC), Samba must have
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2943956"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> = no
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2944161"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> = no
added to the file share which houses the roaming profiles.
If this is not done, then the Windows 2000 SP2 client will
complain about not being able to access the profile (Access
DOMAIN.user.002, etc...). See the
<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page
for more details on this option. Also note that the
-<a class="indexterm" name="id2943984"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> parameter was formally a global parameter in
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2944189"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> parameter was formally a global parameter in
releases prior to Samba 2.2.2.
</p><p>
The following is a minimal profile share:
-</p><div class="example"><a name="id2944
007"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 38.1. Minimal profile share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[profile]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export/profile</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask = 0600</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>directory mask = 0700</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="id2944
212"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 38.1. Minimal profile share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[profile]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /export/profile</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>create mask = 0600</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>directory mask = 0700</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
The reason for this bug is that the Win2k SP2 client copies
the security descriptor for the profile which contains
the Samba server's SID, and not the domain SID. The client
different that the one assigned to DOMAIN\user. Hence the reason
for the <span class="errorname">access denied</span> message.
</p><p>
-By disabling the <a class="indexterm" name="id2944087"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> parameter, Samba will send
+By disabling the <a class="indexterm" name="id2944292"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> parameter, Samba will send
the Win2k client a response to the QuerySecurityDescriptor
trans2 call which causes the client to set a default ACL
for the profile. This default ACL includes
</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>DOMAIN\user "Full Control"</em></span>></p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>This bug does not occur when using winbind to
-create accounts on the Samba host for Domain users.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
122"></a>Windows NT 3.1</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>If you have problems communicating across routers with Windows
+create accounts on the Samba host for Domain users.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
326"></a>Windows NT 3.1</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>If you have problems communicating across routers with Windows
NT 3.1 workstations, read <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;Q103765" target="_top">this Microsoft Knowledge Base article</a>.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="speed"></a>Chapter 39. Samba Performance Tuning</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Cochrane</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Dundee Limb Fitting Centre<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2944
254">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944298">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944388">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944438">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944498">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944528">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944612">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944675">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944704">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944729">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944774">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944254"></a>Comparisons</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="speed"></a>Chapter 39. Samba Performance Tuning</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Cochrane</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Dundee Limb Fitting Centre<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2944
458">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944501">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944592">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944641">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944701">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944732">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944816">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944879">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944908">Client tuning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944932">Samba performance problem due changing kernel</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2944965">Corrupt tdb Files</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944458"></a>Comparisons</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
The Samba server uses TCP to talk to the client. Thus if you are
trying to see if it performs well you should really compare it to
programs that use the same protocol. The most readily available
hardware and drivers used on the various systems. Given similar
hardware Samba should certainly be competitive in speed with other
systems.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
298"></a>Socket options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
501"></a>Socket options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
There are a number of socket options that can greatly affect the
performance of a TCP based server like Samba.
</p><p>
The socket options that Samba uses are settable both on the command
line with the <tt class="option">-O</tt> option, or in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.
</p><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944331"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>socket options</tt></i> section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> manual page describes how
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944535"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>socket options</tt></i> section of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> manual page describes how
to set these and gives recommendations.
</p><p>
Getting the socket options right can make a big difference to your
</p><p>
The socket option TCP_NODELAY is the one that seems to make the
biggest single difference for most networks. Many people report that
-adding <a class="indexterm" name="id2944368"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>socket options</tt></i> = TCP_NODELAY doubles the read
+adding <a class="indexterm" name="id2944572"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>socket options</tt></i> = TCP_NODELAY doubles the read
performance of a Samba drive. The best explanation I have seen for this is
that the Microsoft TCP/IP stack is slow in sending tcp ACKs.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
388"></a>Read size</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The option <a class="indexterm" name="id2944398"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read size</tt></i> affects the overlap of disk
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
592"></a>Read size</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The option <a class="indexterm" name="id2944601"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read size</tt></i> affects the overlap of disk
reads/writes with network reads/writes. If the amount of data being
transferred in several of the SMB commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and
SMBreadbraw) is larger than this value then the server begins writing
done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely that the best
value will vary greatly between systems anyway. A value over 65536 is
pointless and will cause you to allocate memory unnecessarily.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
438"></a>Max xmit</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
641"></a>Max xmit</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
At startup the client and server negotiate a <i class="parameter"><tt>maximum transmit</tt></i> size,
which limits the size of nearly all SMB commands. You can set the
-maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2944459"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>max xmit</tt></i> option
+maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the <a class="indexterm" name="id2944662"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>max xmit</tt></i> option
in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Note that this is the maximum size of SMB requests that
Samba will accept, but not the maximum size that the *client* will accept.
The client maximum receive size is sent to Samba by the client and Samba
of less than 2048 is likely to cause severe problems.
</p><p>
In most cases the default is the best option.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
498"></a>Log level</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-If you set the log level (also known as <a class="indexterm" name="id2944508"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debug level</tt></i>) higher than 2
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
701"></a>Log level</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+If you set the log level (also known as <a class="indexterm" name="id2944711"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>debug level</tt></i>) higher than 2
then you may suffer a large drop in performance. This is because the
server flushes the log file after each operation, which can be very
expensive.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
528"></a>Read raw</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944538"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
732"></a>Read raw</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944742"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency
file read operation. A server may choose to not support it,
-however. and Samba makes support for <a class="indexterm" name="id2944554"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> optional, with it
+however. and Samba makes support for <a class="indexterm" name="id2944758"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> optional, with it
being enabled by default.
</p><p>
-In some cases clients don't handle <a class="indexterm" name="id2944572"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> very well and actually
+In some cases clients don't handle <a class="indexterm" name="id2944776"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> very well and actually
get lower performance using it than they get using the conventional
read operations.
</p><p>
-So you might like to try <a class="indexterm" name="id2944594"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> = no and see what happens on your
+So you might like to try <a class="indexterm" name="id2944797"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>read raw</tt></i> = no and see what happens on your
network. It might lower, raise or not affect your performance. Only
testing can really tell.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
612"></a>Write raw</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
-The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944622"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
816"></a>Write raw</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The <a class="indexterm" name="id2944826"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency
file write operation. A server may choose to not support it,
-however. and Samba makes support for <a class="indexterm" name="id2944639"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> optional, with it
+however. and Samba makes support for <a class="indexterm" name="id2944843"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> optional, with it
being enabled by default.
</p><p>
-Some machines may find <a class="indexterm" name="id2944657"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> slower than normal write, in which
+Some machines may find <a class="indexterm" name="id2944861"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>write raw</tt></i> slower than normal write, in which
case you may wish to change this option.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
675"></a>Slow Logins</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
879"></a>Slow Logins</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Slow logins are almost always due to the password checking time. Using
-the lowest practical <a class="indexterm" name="id2944687"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> will improve things.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
704"></a>Client tuning</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+the lowest practical <a class="indexterm" name="id2944890"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> will improve things.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
908"></a>Client tuning</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Often a speed problem can be traced to the client. The client (for
example Windows for Workgroups) can often be tuned for better TCP
performance. Check the sections on the various clients in
<a href="#Other-Clients" title="Chapter 38. Samba and other CIFS clients">Samba and Other Clients</a>.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
729"></a>Samba performance problem due changing kernel</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
932"></a>Samba performance problem due changing kernel</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Hi everyone. I am running Gentoo on my server and samba 2.2.8a. Recently
I changed kernel version from linux-2.4.19-gentoo-r10 to
linux-2.4.20-wolk4.0s. And now I have performance issue with samba. Ok
My guess is that it is a link layer issue, not an application
layer problem. Also run ifconfig and verify that the framing
error, collisions, etc... look normal for ethernet.
-</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
774"></a>Corrupt tdb Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944
965"></a>Corrupt tdb Files</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
Well today it happened, Our first major problem using samba.
Our samba PDC server has been hosting 3 TB of data to our 500+ users
[Windows NT/XP] for the last 3 years using samba, no problem.
a lot lower then before the locks cleanup, any ideas on keeping it top notch?
</p><p>
A2) Yes! Same answer as for Q1!
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="DNSDHCP"></a>Chapter 40. DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
4876">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944876"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="DNSDHCP"></a>Chapter 40. DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
5070">Note</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2945070"></a>Note</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
This chapter did not make it into this release.
It is planned for the published release of this document.
-</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Further-Resources"></a>Chapter 41. Further Resources</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 1, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
4943">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945351">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2944943"></a>Websites</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
+</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Further-Resources"></a>Chapter 41. Further Resources</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 1, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id294
5137">Websites</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2945545">Related updates from Microsoft</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2945137"></a>Websites</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
<a href="http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/cifs.txt" target="_top">
<span class="emphasis"><em>CIFS: Common Insecurities Fail Scrutiny</em></span> by "Hobbit"</a>
</p></li><li><p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>W2K Samba deploy HOWTO</em></span>
by Arnaud Loonstra
</a>
- </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2945
351"></a>Related updates from Microsoft</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
+ </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2945
545"></a>Related updates from Microsoft</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
<a href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q92/5/88.asp" target="_top">
<span class="emphasis"><em>Enhanced Encryption for Windows 95 Password Cache</em></span>
</a>
<a href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q136/4/18.asp" target="_top">
<span class="emphasis"><em>Windows for Workgroups Sharing Updates</em></span>
</a>
- </p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="index"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2945421"></a>Index</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="index"><div class="indexdiv"><h3>Symbols</h3><dl><dt>"Domain Admins" group, <a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dt>"Domain Users" group, <a href="#id2888294">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt><dt>"Printers" folder, <a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>"raw" printing, <a href="#id2908431">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>/etc/host.conf, <a href="#id2934762">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt>/etc/hosts, <a href="#id2934577">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt>/etc/nsswitch.conf, <a href="#id2934813">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt><dt>8.3</dt><dd><dl><dt>file names, <a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>A</h3><dl><dt>ACLs, <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dt>Active Directory, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>add group script, <a href="#id2888199">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt>add machine script, <a href="#id2873520">The machine trust account not accessible</a>, <a href="#id2877258">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt><dt>add printer command, <a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>add printer wizard, <a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt><dt>add user script, <a href="#id2883502">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt>addprinter command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>admin users, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2892503">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt>Administrator, <a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dt>ADS (see Active Directory)</dt><dt>ads server, <a href="#id2876674">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt>application/cups.vnd-postscript, <a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt>application/octet-stream, <a href="#id2908552">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-application/octet-stream!</a>, <a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a>, <a href="#id2911697">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt>application/pdf, <a href="#id2909959">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt>application/postscript, <a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt>application/vnd.cups-raster, <a href="#id2911929">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt>application/vnd.cups-raw, <a href="#id2908552">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
-application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt>auth methods, <a href="#id2887258">auth methods does not work</a>, <a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>B</h3><dl><dt>bind interfaces only, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>brlock.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>browse list, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2881481">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dt>browseable, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>C</h3><dl><dt>case sensitive, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2928828">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>chpass, <a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>comment, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>configure, <a href="#id2871926">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dt>connections.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>core files, <a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>create mask, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>csc policy, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>CUPS</dt><dd><dl><dt>Page Accounting, <a href="#id2920055">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dt>quotas, <a href="#id2920098">Setting up Quotas</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>CUPS-PPD, <a href="#id2919108">cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</a></dt><dt>cupsaddsmb, <a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a>, <a href="#id2913913">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a>, <a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2915798">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a>, <a href="#id2915877">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt>cupsomatic, <a href="#id2909654">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2919108">cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</a></dt><dt>CVS, <a href="#id2871417">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>web, <a href="#id2871480">Access via CVSweb</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>D</h3><dl><dt>daemon, <a href="#id2872625">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt><dt>DDK, <a href="#id2913833">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
-Mode</a>, <a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt>debug, <a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>debug level, <a href="#id2942341">Debugging with Samba itself</a>, <a href="#id2944498">Log level</a></dt><dt>debuglevel, <a href="#id2870870">Debug levels</a></dt><dt>default case, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>delete printer command, <a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>deleteprinter command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>DHCP, <a href="#id2934457">Background Information</a></dt><dt>diff, <a href="#id2871258">Patches</a></dt><dt>directory mask, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>directory security mask, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>disable spoolss, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>display charset, <a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt>DNS, <a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a>, <a href="#id2935528">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>Active Directory, <a href="#id2879137">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt><dt>Dynamic, <a href="#id2934457">Background Information</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>dns proxy, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>domain admin group, <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dt>domain logons, <a href="#id2870592">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt><dt>domain master, <a href="#id2869000">Domain Network Logon Service</a>, <a href="#id2874464">Example Configuration</a>, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt>dont descend, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>dos charset, <a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a>, <a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a>, <a href="#id2936398">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt><dt>dos filemode, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>dos filetime resolution, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>dos filetimes, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>E</h3><dl><dt>EMF, <a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2912965">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>encrypt passwords, <a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2884279">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a>, <a href="#id2933539">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>enhanced browsing, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>enumports command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2906300">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt>EPM (see ESP meta packager)</dt><dt>ESC/P, <a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>ESP</dt><dd><dl><dt>Ghostscript, <a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt>meta packager, <a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt>Print Pro, <a href="#id2912731">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2914689">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
-WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>Extended Attributes, <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>F</h3><dl><dt>fake oplocks, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>File System, <a href="#id2888688">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dt>foomatic, <a href="#id2909654">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2909782">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2918890">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a>, <a href="#id2919032">Foomatic's strange Name</a></dt><dt>foomatic-rip, <a href="#id2912192">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
-native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a>, <a href="#id2918890">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a>, <a href="#id2919272">The Grand Unification
-achieved...</a></dt><dt>force create mode, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>force directory mode, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>force directory security mode, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>force group, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>force security mode, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>force user, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2892503">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a>, <a href="#id2893471">Beware of Force User</a></dt><dt>ftp, <a href="#id2871712">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>G</h3><dl><dt>gdb, <a href="#id2871078">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>GDI, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2912965">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>GhostScript, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2909441">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also PostScript)</dt></dl></dd><dt>Ghostscript</dt><dd><dl><dt>ESP (see ESP GhostScript)</dt></dl></dd><dt>GID, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>GPG, <a href="#id2871776">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt>groupadd, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>groupdel, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>groups</dt><dd><dl><dt>domain, <a href="#id2887722">Discussion</a></dt><dt>mapping, <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dt>nested, <a href="#id2888268">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>guest account, <a href="#id2881662">Problem resolution</a>, <a href="#id2882497">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a>, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt>guest ok, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>H</h3><dl><dt>hide dot files, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>hide files, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>hide unreadable, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>hide unwriteable files, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>host msdfs, <a href="#id2896731">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>hosts allow, <a href="#id2895003">Using host based protection</a>, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>hosts deny, <a href="#id2895003">Using host based protection</a>, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>I</h3><dl><dt>idmap gid, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2934194">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt><dt>idmap uid, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2934194">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt><dt>ifconfig, <a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>imprints, <a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt><dt>inetd, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2872271">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a>, <a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>Interdomain Trusts, <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>completing, <a href="#id2896007">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt>creating, <a href="#id2895908">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dt>Facilities, <a href="#id2896054">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>interfaces, <a href="#id2880412">Multiple interfaces</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>invalid users, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>IPP, <a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>K</h3><dl><dt>KDC, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>Kerberos, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>kinit, <a href="#id2876803">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>L</h3><dl><dt>ldap admin dn, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap delete dn, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap filter, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap machine suffix, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap passwd sync, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2886130">Password synchronisation</a></dt><dt>ldap ssl, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2885464">Security and sambaSamAccount</a></dt><dt>ldap suffix, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap trust ids, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap user suffix, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>libnss_wins.so, <a href="#id2934813">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt><dt>Links</dt><dd><dl><dt>hard, <a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt>soft, <a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>Linuxprinting.org, <a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dt>lm announce, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>lm interval, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>LMB (see Local Master Browser)</dt><dt>LMHOSTS, <a href="#id2935248">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt>load printers, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898105">A little Experiment to warn you</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>local master, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt>Local Master Browser, <a href="#id2880448">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt>locking, <a href="#id2892860">Discussion</a></dt><dt>locking.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>log files</dt><dd><dl><dt>monitoring, <a href="#id2940619">Assumptions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>log level, <a href="#id2877258">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a>, <a href="#id2923166">extd_audit</a>, <a href="#id2870870">Debug levels</a></dt><dt>logon drive, <a href="#id2929364">Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt>logon home, <a href="#id2885623">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a>, <a href="#id2928450">Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2928582">Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2929364">Windows NT4 Workstation</a>, <a href="#id2930060">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt>logon path, <a href="#id2885623">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a>, <a href="#id2928582">Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2928828">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a>, <a href="#id2929364">Windows NT4 Workstation</a>, <a href="#id2930060">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt>logon script, <a href="#id2885623">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a></dt><dt>lpadmin, <a href="#id2918753">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a>, <a href="#id2920098">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt>lppause command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpq cache time, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>lpq command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpresume command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lprm command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpstat, <a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>M</h3><dl><dt>MAC Addresses, <a href="#id2934577">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt>machine trust accounts, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>creating, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>make, <a href="#id2871926">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dt>mangling method, <a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt>map to guest, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a>, <a href="#id2921688">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
- from Win2K/XP</a>, <a href="#id2921914">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
- "wrong" user</a></dt><dt>max print jobs, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>max xmit, <a href="#id2944438">Max xmit</a></dt><dt>messages.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>MIME, <a href="#id2909959">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a>, <a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a>, <a href="#id2910315">Filter Requirements</a>, <a href="#id2911697">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt>min print space, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>msdfs root, <a href="#id2896731">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>N</h3><dl><dt>name resolve order, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>nbtstat, <a href="#id2935185">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt>NetBIOS, <a href="#id2878319">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a>, <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a>, <a href="#id2934918">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dt>NetBIOS-less, <a href="#id2878972">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt>nmblookup, <a href="#id2935185">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt>nt acl support, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891057">Viewing file ownership</a>, <a href="#id2891188">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a>, <a href="#id2891423">Modifying file or directory permissions</a>, <a href="#id2943935">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt>ntdrivers.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>ntforms.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>NTFS, <a href="#id2888688">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dt>ntprinters.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>O</h3><dl><dt>obey pam restrictions, <a href="#id2933539">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt>only user, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2895500">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt><dt>oplock break wait time, <a href="#id2893563">Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</a>, <a href="#id2893897">Disabling Kernel OpLocks</a></dt><dt>oplock contention limit, <a href="#id2893563">Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</a></dt><dt>os level, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a>, <a href="#id2879819">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a>, <a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a>, <a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt>os2 driver map, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2943455">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>P</h3><dl><dt>page_log, <a href="#id2920282">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt>passdb backend, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a>, <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a>, <a href="#id2883109">Technical Information</a>, <a href="#id2883959">The pdbedit Command</a>, <a href="#id2885030">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2886336">Configuring</a>, <a href="#id2887102">Users can not logon</a>, <a href="#id2887258">auth methods does not work</a>, <a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt>password level, <a href="#id2869450">Password checking</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2943736">Case handling of passwords</a>, <a href="#id2944675">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt>password server, <a href="#id2852521">Server Security (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>patch, <a href="#id2871258">Patches</a></dt><dt>path, <a href="#id2859124">"The network name cannot be found"</a>, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2900032">Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2901502">Creating the [print$] Share</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901973">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a>, <a href="#id2913432">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2920734">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a>, <a href="#id2922506">Permissions on
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="index"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2945614"></a>Index</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="index"><div class="indexdiv"><h3>Symbols</h3><dl><dt>"Domain Admins" group, <a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dt>"Domain Users" group, <a href="#id2885768">Adding Domain Users to the Power Users group</a></dt><dt>"Printers" folder, <a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>"raw" printing, <a href="#id2905999">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>/etc/host.conf, <a href="#id2932499">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt>/etc/hosts, <a href="#id2932315">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt>/etc/nsswitch.conf, <a href="#id2932551">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt><dt>8.3</dt><dd><dl><dt>file names, <a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>A</h3><dl><dt>ACLs, <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt><dt>Active Directory, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>add group script, <a href="#id2885674">Adding Groups Fails</a></dt><dt>add machine script, <a href="#id2871029">The machine trust account not accessible</a>, <a href="#id2874764">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a></dt><dt>add printer command, <a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>add printer wizard, <a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt><dt>add user script, <a href="#id2880966">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and UNIX</a></dt><dt>addprinter command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>admin users, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889969">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a></dt><dt>Administrator, <a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dt>ADS (see Active Directory)</dt><dt>ads server, <a href="#id2874178">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt>application/cups.vnd-postscript, <a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt>application/octet-stream, <a href="#id2906119">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+application/octet-stream!</a>, <a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a>, <a href="#id2909312">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt>application/pdf, <a href="#id2907545">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a></dt><dt>application/postscript, <a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a></dt><dt>application/vnd.cups-raster, <a href="#id2909544">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a></dt><dt>application/vnd.cups-raw, <a href="#id2906119">Explicitly enable "raw" printing for
+application/octet-stream!</a></dt><dt>auth methods, <a href="#id2884738">auth methods does not work</a>, <a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>B</h3><dl><dt>bind interfaces only, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>brlock.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>browse list, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2878986">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dt>browseable, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>C</h3><dl><dt>case sensitive, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2926538">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>chpass, <a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>comment, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>configure, <a href="#id2942063">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dt>connections.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>core files, <a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>create mask, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>csc policy, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>CUPS</dt><dd><dl><dt>Page Accounting, <a href="#id2917602">Page Accounting with CUPS</a></dt><dt>quotas, <a href="#id2917645">Setting up Quotas</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>CUPS-PPD, <a href="#id2916653">cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</a></dt><dt>cupsaddsmb, <a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a>, <a href="#id2911524">cupsaddsmb: the unknown Utility</a>, <a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2913349">cupsaddsmb with a Samba PDC</a>, <a href="#id2913427">cupsaddsmb Flowchart</a></dt><dt>cupsomatic, <a href="#id2907241">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2916653">cupsomatic, pdqomatic, lpdomatic, directomatic</a></dt><dt>CVS, <a href="#id2941554">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>web, <a href="#id2941616">Access via CVSweb</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>D</h3><dl><dt>daemon, <a href="#id2942763">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt><dt>DDK, <a href="#id2911445">PostScript Drivers with no major problems -- even in Kernel
+Mode</a>, <a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt>debug, <a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>debug level, <a href="#id2940082">Debugging with Samba itself</a>, <a href="#id2944701">Log level</a></dt><dt>debuglevel, <a href="#id2941006">Debug levels</a></dt><dt>default case, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>delete printer command, <a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>deleteprinter command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>DHCP, <a href="#id2932188">Background Information</a></dt><dt>diff, <a href="#id2941395">Patches</a></dt><dt>directory mask, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>directory security mask, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>disable spoolss, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>display charset, <a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt>DNS, <a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a>, <a href="#id2933266">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>Active Directory, <a href="#id2876635">DNS and Active Directory</a></dt><dt>Dynamic, <a href="#id2932188">Background Information</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>dns proxy, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>domain admin group, <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dt>domain logons, <a href="#id2869309">Preparing for Domain Control</a></dt><dt>domain master, <a href="#id2870253">Domain Network Logon Service</a>, <a href="#id2871968">Example Configuration</a>, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt>dont descend, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>dos charset, <a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a>, <a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a>, <a href="#id2934137">CP850.so can't be found</a></dt><dt>dos filemode, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>dos filetime resolution, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>dos filetimes, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>E</h3><dl><dt>EMF, <a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2910577">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>encrypt passwords, <a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2881758">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a>, <a href="#id2931283">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>enhanced browsing, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>enumports command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2903854">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt><dt>EPM (see ESP meta packager)</dt><dt>ESC/P, <a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>ESP</dt><dd><dl><dt>Ghostscript, <a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a></dt><dt>meta packager, <a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dt>Print Pro, <a href="#id2910331">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2912301">ESP Print Pro Package of "PostScript Driver for
+WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>Extended Attributes, <a href="#AccessControls">File, Directory and Share Access Controls</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>F</h3><dl><dt>fake oplocks, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>File System, <a href="#id2886154">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dt>foomatic, <a href="#id2907241">CUPS can use all Windows-formatted Vendor PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2907370">The CUPS Filtering Architecture</a>, <a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2916436">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a>, <a href="#id2916577">Foomatic's strange Name</a></dt><dt>foomatic-rip, <a href="#id2909807">Difference between cupsomatic/foomatic-rip and
+native CUPS printing</a>, <a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a>, <a href="#id2916436">foomatic-rip and Foomatic explained</a>, <a href="#id2916817">The Grand Unification
+achieved...</a></dt><dt>force create mode, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>force directory mode, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>force directory security mode, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>force group, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>force security mode, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>force user, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889969">I have set force user but Samba still makes root the owner of all the files I touch!</a>, <a href="#id2890942">Beware of Force User</a></dt><dt>ftp, <a href="#id2941849">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>G</h3><dl><dt>gdb, <a href="#id2941215">Internal errors</a></dt><dt>GDI, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2910577">From Windows Clients to an NT Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a></dt><dt>GhostScript, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2907029">Ghostscript -- the Software RIP for non-PostScript Printers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also PostScript)</dt></dl></dd><dt>Ghostscript</dt><dd><dl><dt>ESP (see ESP GhostScript)</dt></dl></dd><dt>GID, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>GPG, <a href="#id2941913">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt>groupadd, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>groupdel, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>groups</dt><dd><dl><dt>domain, <a href="#id2885202">Discussion</a></dt><dt>mapping, <a href="#groupmapping">Mapping MS Windows and UNIX Groups</a></dt><dt>nested, <a href="#id2885742">Adding MS Windows Groups to MS Windows Groups Fails</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>guest account, <a href="#id2879168">Problem resolution</a>, <a href="#id2879979">My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources"</a>, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a></dt><dt>guest ok, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>H</h3><dl><dt>hide dot files, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>hide files, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>hide unreadable, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>hide unwriteable files, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a></dt><dt>host msdfs, <a href="#id2894231">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>hosts allow, <a href="#id2892490">Using host based protection</a>, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>hosts deny, <a href="#id2892490">Using host based protection</a>, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>I</h3><dl><dt>idmap gid, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2931926">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt><dt>idmap uid, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2931926">Winbind is not resolving users and groups</a></dt><dt>ifconfig, <a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>imprints, <a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a></dt><dt>inetd, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2942409">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a>, <a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>Interdomain Trusts, <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>completing, <a href="#id2893500">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt>creating, <a href="#id2893400">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dt>Facilities, <a href="#id2893547">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>interfaces, <a href="#id2877911">Multiple interfaces</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt>invalid users, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>IPP, <a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>K</h3><dl><dt>KDC, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>Kerberos, <a href="#ads-member">Samba ADS Domain Membership</a></dt><dt>kinit, <a href="#id2874307">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>L</h3><dl><dt>ldap admin dn, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap delete dn, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap filter, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap machine suffix, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap passwd sync, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2883609">Password synchronisation</a></dt><dt>ldap ssl, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2882943">Security and sambaSamAccount</a></dt><dt>ldap suffix, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap trust ids, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>ldap user suffix, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a></dt><dt>libnss_wins.so, <a href="#id2932551">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt><dt>Links</dt><dd><dl><dt>hard, <a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt>soft, <a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>Linuxprinting.org, <a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a></dt><dt>lm announce, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>lm interval, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>LMB (see Local Master Browser)</dt><dt>LMHOSTS, <a href="#id2932985">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt>load printers, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2895606">A little Experiment to warn you</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>local master, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt>Local Master Browser, <a href="#id2877946">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt>locking, <a href="#id2890336">Discussion</a></dt><dt>locking.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>log files</dt><dd><dl><dt>monitoring, <a href="#id2938359">Assumptions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>log level, <a href="#id2874764">Adding Machine to Domain Fails</a>, <a href="#id2920835">extd_audit</a>, <a href="#id2941006">Debug levels</a></dt><dt>logon drive, <a href="#id2927080">Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt>logon home, <a href="#id2883102">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a>, <a href="#id2926161">Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2926293">Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2927080">Windows NT4 Workstation</a>, <a href="#id2927776">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt>logon path, <a href="#id2883102">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a>, <a href="#id2926293">Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</a>, <a href="#id2926538">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a>, <a href="#id2927080">Windows NT4 Workstation</a>, <a href="#id2927776">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt>logon script, <a href="#id2883102">LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</a></dt><dt>lpadmin, <a href="#id2916297">CUPS Print Drivers from Linuxprinting.org</a>, <a href="#id2917645">Setting up Quotas</a></dt><dt>lppause command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpq cache time, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>lpq command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpresume command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lprm command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>lpstat, <a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>M</h3><dl><dt>MAC Addresses, <a href="#id2932315">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt>machine trust accounts, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>creating, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>make, <a href="#id2942063">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dt>mangling method, <a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt>map to guest, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a>, <a href="#id2919497">Can't reconnect to Samba under new account
+ from Win2K/XP</a>, <a href="#id2919582">Avoid being connected to the Samba server as the
+ "wrong" user</a></dt><dt>max print jobs, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>max xmit, <a href="#id2944641">Max xmit</a></dt><dt>messages.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>MIME, <a href="#id2907545">MIME types and CUPS Filters</a>, <a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a>, <a href="#id2907903">Filter Requirements</a>, <a href="#id2909312">"application/octet-stream" printing</a></dt><dt>min print space, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>msdfs root, <a href="#id2894231">Features and Benefits</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>N</h3><dl><dt>name resolve order, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>nbtstat, <a href="#id2932922">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt>NetBIOS, <a href="#id2875816">Features and Benefits</a>, <a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a>, <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a>, <a href="#id2932655">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dt>NetBIOS-less, <a href="#id2876469">TCP/IP - without NetBIOS</a></dt><dt>nmblookup, <a href="#id2932922">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt>nt acl support, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2888523">Viewing file ownership</a>, <a href="#id2888655">Viewing File or Directory Permissions</a>, <a href="#id2888889">Modifying file or directory permissions</a>, <a href="#id2944140">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt>ntdrivers.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>ntforms.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>NTFS, <a href="#id2886154">File System Access Controls</a></dt><dt>ntprinters.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>O</h3><dl><dt>obey pam restrictions, <a href="#id2931283">smb.conf PAM Configuration</a></dt><dt>only user, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2892992">Why can users access home directories of other users?</a></dt><dt>oplock break wait time, <a href="#id2891044">Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</a>, <a href="#id2891378">Disabling Kernel OpLocks</a></dt><dt>oplock contention limit, <a href="#id2891044">Advanced Samba Opportunistic Locking Parameters</a></dt><dt>os level, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a>, <a href="#id2877309">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a>, <a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a>, <a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a></dt><dt>os2 driver map, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2943660">Printer driver download for for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>P</h3><dl><dt>page_log, <a href="#id2917829">The page_log File Syntax</a></dt><dt>passdb backend, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a>, <a href="#passdb">Account Information Databases</a>, <a href="#id2880590">Technical Information</a>, <a href="#id2881423">The pdbedit Command</a>, <a href="#id2882509">Configuring Samba</a>, <a href="#id2883816">Configuring</a>, <a href="#id2884582">Users can not logon</a>, <a href="#id2884738">auth methods does not work</a>, <a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a></dt><dt>password level, <a href="#id2868158">Password checking</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2943941">Case handling of passwords</a>, <a href="#id2944879">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt>password server, <a href="#id2867877">Server Security (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>patch, <a href="#id2941395">Patches</a></dt><dt>path, <a href="#id2866630">"The network name cannot be found"</a>, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897534">Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2899004">Creating the [print$] Share</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899475">Subdirectory Structure in [print$]</a>, <a href="#id2911043">Samba receiving Jobfiles and passing them to CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2918267">Auto-Deletion or Preservation of CUPS Spool Files</a>, <a href="#id2920175">Permissions on
/var/spool/samba/ get reset after each
-reboot</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>PCL, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a>, <a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a>, <a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dt>PDF, <a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2909567">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt>pdf, <a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt>PDL, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt>PJL, <a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2915016">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
-Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a>, <a href="#id2920202">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>point and print, <a href="#id2908485">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a>, <a href="#id2908739">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a>, <a href="#id2911412">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>PostScript, <a href="#id2908865">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
-with PostScript Driver Download</a>, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a>, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2910493">Prefilters</a>, <a href="#id2913090">Driver Execution on the Server</a>, <a href="#id2913513">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
-PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2913789">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a>, <a href="#id2914233">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also Ghostscript)</dt><dt>RIP, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>PPD, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2909567">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a>, <a href="#id2911929">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a>, <a href="#id2913594">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2913643">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a>, <a href="#id2913789">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a>, <a href="#id2915946">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>CUPS (see CUPS-PPD)</dt></dl></dd><dt>preferred master, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a>, <a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a>, <a href="#id2880217">Making Samba the domain master</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>preserve case, <a href="#id2928828">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>print command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2900758">Setting up your own Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a>, <a href="#id2921030">Manual Configuration</a></dt><dt>print ok , <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printable, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>printcap, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2907507">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>printcap name, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>printer, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printer admin, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2902234">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a>, <a href="#id2904269">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a>, <a href="#id2904670">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a>, <a href="#id2904870">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a>, <a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a>, <a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2922126">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt>printer name, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printing, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2900090">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2900758">Setting up your own Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2907507">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2908016">More complex smb.conf Settings for
-CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2913221">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2920874">Pre-conditions</a>, <a href="#id2921030">Manual Configuration</a></dt><dt>printing.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>PrintPro (see ESP Print Pro)</dt><dt>public, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>Q</h3><dl><dt>queue resume command, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt>queuepause command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2907600">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt>queueresume command, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>R</h3><dl><dt>read list, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>read only, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>read raw, <a href="#id2944528">Read raw</a></dt><dt>read size, <a href="#id2944388">Read size</a></dt><dt>remote announce, <a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2879284">How Browsing Functions</a>, <a href="#id2880448">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a>, <a href="#id2881541">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt>remote browse sync, <a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2879284">How Browsing Functions</a>, <a href="#id2880607">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt><dt>root preexec, <a href="#id2938611">Logon Scripts</a></dt><dt>rpcclient</dt><dd><dl><dt>adddriver, <a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2916536">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a>, <a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>enumdrivers, <a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>enumports, <a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a></dt><dt>enumprinters, <a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a>, <a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt><dt>getdriver, <a href="#id2916644">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>getprinter, <a href="#id2916644">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a>, <a href="#id2918021">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt><dt>setdriver, <a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2915344">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2915567">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2916229">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
-rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2916790">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2917000">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>rsync, <a href="#id2871712">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>S</h3><dl><dt>secrets.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>security, <a href="#id2867803">Samba Security Modes</a>, <a href="#id2852162">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2852521">Server Security (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2869671">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a>, <a href="#id2869710">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a>, <a href="#id2869747">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a>, <a href="#id2869786">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a>, <a href="#id2870592">Preparing for Domain Control</a>, <a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2876489">Why is this better than security = server?</a>, <a href="#id2876674">Setup your smb.conf</a>, <a href="#id2915223">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2921558">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
- neverending loop</a>, <a href="#id2937791">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2943683">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt>security mask, <a href="#id2889794">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2891583">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
- parameters</a></dt><dt>Server Manager, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a>, <a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>sessionid.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>share_info.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>short preserve case, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2928828">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>Short-Cuts, <a href="#id2888724">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt>show add printer wizard, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2905621">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>SID, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>Single Sign On, <a href="#id2914749">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt>smbclient, <a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>socket options, <a href="#id2944298">Socket options</a></dt><dt>spooling</dt><dd><dl><dt>central, <a href="#id2908382">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt>peer-to-peer, <a href="#id2908382">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>spooling-only, <a href="#id2908431">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
-with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>strict locking, <a href="#id2892860">Discussion</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>T</h3><dl><dt>TDB, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a>, <a href="#id2918418">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>backing up (see tdbbackup)</dt></dl></dd><dt>tdbbackup, <a href="#id2918617">Using tdbbackup</a></dt><dt>template homedir, <a href="#id2925859">Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</a></dt><dt>testparm, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>text/plain, <a href="#id2910165">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt>total print jobs, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>U</h3><dl><dt>UDP, <a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt>UID, <a href="#id2887487">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>unexpected.tdb, <a href="#id2918173">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>unix charset, <a href="#id2936097">Samba and charsets</a>, <a href="#id2936254">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt>use client driver, <a href="#id2897387">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2898782">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>user, <a href="#id2868060">Share Level Security</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>User Manager, <a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a>, <a href="#id2896417">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt>useradd, <a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>username, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>username level, <a href="#id2869450">Password checking</a></dt><dt>username map, <a href="#id2875855">Windows 200x XP Professional</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>V</h3><dl><dt>valid users, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2940846">The tests</a></dt><dt>veto files, <a href="#id2890173">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>vfs objects, <a href="#id2922889">Discussion</a></dt><dt>vipw, <a href="#id2875264">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>W</h3><dl><dt>winbind separator, <a href="#id2925188">Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</a></dt><dt>WINS, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2878736">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2935560">WINS Lookup</a></dt><dt>wins hook, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>wins proxy, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>wins server, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2880684">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a>, <a href="#id2880872">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt>wins support, <a href="#id2878408">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2880684">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a>, <a href="#id2880872">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt>workgroup, <a href="#id2873169">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2876053">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2881541">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt>write list, <a href="#id2889373">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2901686">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>write raw, <a href="#id2944612">Write raw</a></dt><dt>writeable, <a href="#id2899274">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899717">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>WYSIWYG, <a href="#id2909034">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>X</h3><dl><dt>X Window System, <a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt>xinetd, <a href="#id2872378">Starting from inetd.conf</a> (see inetd)</dt><dt>Xprint, <a href="#id2909175">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt></dl></div></div></div></div></body></html>
+reboot</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>PCL, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a>, <a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a>, <a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a></dt><dt>PDF, <a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a>, <a href="#id2907154">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a></dt><dt>pdf, <a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt>PDL, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt><dt>PJL, <a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2912629">Benefits of using "CUPS PostScript Driver for
+Windows NT/2k/XP" instead of Adobe Driver</a>, <a href="#id2917748">Adobe and CUPS PostScript Drivers for Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>point and print, <a href="#id2906051">Driver Installation Methods on Windows Clients</a>, <a href="#id2906306">Three familiar Methods for driver upload plus a new one</a>, <a href="#id2909039">cupsomatic/Foomatic -- how do they fit into the Picture?</a>, <a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>PostScript, <a href="#id2906432">Using CUPS/Samba in an advanced Way -- intelligent printing
+with PostScript Driver Download</a>, <a href="#gdipost">GDI on Windows -- PostScript on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a>, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2908080">Prefilters</a>, <a href="#id2910701">Driver Execution on the Server</a>, <a href="#id2911125">Network PostScript RIP: CUPS Filters on Server -- clients use
+PostScript Driver with CUPS-PPDs</a>, <a href="#id2911400">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a>, <a href="#id2911845">CUPS Package of "PostScript Driver for WinNT/2k/XP"</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also Ghostscript)</dt><dt>RIP, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>PPD, <a href="#post-and-ghost">PostScript and Ghostscript</a>, <a href="#id2907154">PostScript Printer Description (PPD) Specification</a>, <a href="#id2909544">PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) for non-PS Printers</a>, <a href="#id2911206">PPDs for non-PS Printers on UNIX</a>, <a href="#id2911255">PPDs for non-PS Printers on Windows</a>, <a href="#id2911400">CUPS: a "Magical Stone"?</a>, <a href="#id2913497">Installing the PostScript Driver on a Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>CUPS (see CUPS-PPD)</dt></dl></dd><dt>preferred master, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#DMB">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a>, <a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing Samba to be the master</a>, <a href="#id2877716">Making Samba the domain master</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>preserve case, <a href="#id2926538">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>print command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2898261">Setting up your own Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a>, <a href="#id2918564">Manual Configuration</a></dt><dt>print ok , <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printable, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>printcap, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2905074">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a></dt><dt>printcap name, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>printer, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printer admin, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899736">Setting Drivers for existing Printers with a Client GUI</a>, <a href="#id2901839">IMPORTANT! Setting Device Modes on new Printers</a>, <a href="#id2902231">Always make first Client Connection as root or "printer admin"</a>, <a href="#id2902431">Setting Default Print Options for the Client Drivers</a>, <a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a>, <a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2919794">Print options for all users can't be set on Win2K/XP</a></dt><dt>printer name, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt><dt>printing, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897592">Default Print Commands for various UNIX Print Subsystems</a>, <a href="#id2898261">Setting up your own Print Commands</a>, <a href="#id2905074">Basic Configuration of CUPS support</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a>, <a href="#id2905584">More complex smb.conf Settings for
+CUPS</a>, <a href="#id2910833">From Windows Clients to a CUPS/Samba Print Server</a>, <a href="#id2918407">Pre-conditions</a>, <a href="#id2918564">Manual Configuration</a></dt><dt>printing.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>PrintPro (see ESP Print Pro)</dt><dt>public, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>Q</h3><dl><dt>queue resume command, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt>queuepause command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2905167">Linking of smbd with libcups.so</a></dt><dt>queueresume command, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>R</h3><dl><dt>read list, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>read only, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>read raw, <a href="#id2944732">Read raw</a></dt><dt>read size, <a href="#id2944592">Read size</a></dt><dt>remote announce, <a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2876781">How Browsing Functions</a>, <a href="#id2877946">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a>, <a href="#id2879046">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt>remote browse sync, <a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2876781">How Browsing Functions</a>, <a href="#id2878104">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt><dt>root preexec, <a href="#id2936350">Logon Scripts</a></dt><dt>rpcclient</dt><dd><dl><dt>adddriver, <a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2914086">Understanding the rpcclient man page</a>, <a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>enumdrivers, <a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>enumports, <a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a></dt><dt>enumprinters, <a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a>, <a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt><dt>getdriver, <a href="#id2914186">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt><dt>getprinter, <a href="#id2914186">Producing an Example by querying a Windows Box</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a>, <a href="#id2915566">Troubleshooting revisited</a></dt><dt>setdriver, <a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a>, <a href="#id2912958">Run "cupsaddsmb" with verbose Output</a>, <a href="#id2913117">Understanding cupsaddsmb</a>, <a href="#id2913780">Installing PostScript Driver Files manually (using
+rpcclient)</a>, <a href="#id2914333">What is required for adddriver and setdriver to succeed</a>, <a href="#id2914542">Manual Driver Installation in 15 Steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>rsync, <a href="#id2941849">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>S</h3><dl><dt>secrets.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>security, <a href="#id2867124">Samba Security Modes</a>, <a href="#id2867518">Domain Security Mode (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2867877">Server Security (User Level Security)</a>, <a href="#id2868387">What makes Samba a SERVER?</a>, <a href="#id2868427">What makes Samba a Domain Controller?</a>, <a href="#id2868463">What makes Samba a Domain Member?</a>, <a href="#id2868503">Constantly Losing Connections to Password Server</a>, <a href="#id2869309">Preparing for Domain Control</a>, <a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2873995">Why is this better than security = server?</a>, <a href="#id2874178">Setup your smb.conf</a>, <a href="#id2912835">Run "cupsaddsmb" (quiet Mode)</a>, <a href="#id2919061">"cupsaddsmb" keeps asking for root password in
+ neverending loop</a>, <a href="#id2935529">Passdb Backends and Authentication</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a>, <a href="#id2943888">Configuring WfW password handling</a></dt><dt>security mask, <a href="#id2887260">File and Directory Permissions Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2889049">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask
+ parameters</a></dt><dt>Server Manager, <a href="#machine-trust-accounts">MS Windows Workstation/Server Machine Trust Accounts</a>, <a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>sessionid.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>share_info.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>short preserve case, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a>, <a href="#id2926538">Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</a></dt><dt>Short-Cuts, <a href="#id2886190">MS Windows NTFS Comparison with UNIX File Systems</a></dt><dt>show add printer wizard, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a>, <a href="#id2903177">Adding new Printers with the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt>SID, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>Single Sign On, <a href="#id2912362">Caveats to be considered</a></dt><dt>smbclient, <a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>socket options, <a href="#id2944501">Socket options</a></dt><dt>spooling</dt><dd><dl><dt>central, <a href="#id2905949">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt><dt>peer-to-peer, <a href="#id2905949">Central spooling vs. "Peer-to-Peer" printing</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>spooling-only, <a href="#id2905999">CUPS/Samba as a "spooling-only" Print Server; "raw" printing
+with Vendor Drivers on Windows Clients</a></dt><dt>strict locking, <a href="#id2890336">Discussion</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>T</h3><dl><dt>TDB, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a>, <a href="#id2915962">Trivial DataBase Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>backing up (see tdbbackup)</dt></dl></dd><dt>tdbbackup, <a href="#id2916162">Using tdbbackup</a></dt><dt>template homedir, <a href="#id2923568">Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</a></dt><dt>testparm, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>text/plain, <a href="#id2907752">MIME type Conversion Rules</a></dt><dt>total print jobs, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>U</h3><dl><dt>UDP, <a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a></dt><dt>UID, <a href="#id2884967">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt>unexpected.tdb, <a href="#id2915718">The printing *.tdb Files</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>(see also TDB)</dt></dl></dd><dt>unix charset, <a href="#id2933835">Samba and charsets</a>, <a href="#id2933992">Japanese charsets</a></dt><dt>use client driver, <a href="#id2894888">Parameters Recommended for Use</a>, <a href="#id2896282">The [global] Section</a></dt><dt>user, <a href="#id2867382">Share Level Security</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>User Manager, <a href="#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a>, <a href="#id2893918">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt>useradd, <a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt>username, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a></dt><dt>username level, <a href="#id2868158">Password checking</a></dt><dt>username map, <a href="#id2873360">Windows 200x XP Professional</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>V</h3><dl><dt>valid users, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2938586">The tests</a></dt><dt>veto files, <a href="#id2887639">Miscellaneous Controls</a></dt><dt>vfs objects, <a href="#id2920556">Discussion</a></dt><dt>vipw, <a href="#id2872769">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>W</h3><dl><dt>winbind separator, <a href="#id2922889">Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</a></dt><dt>WINS, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2876233">NetBIOS over TCP/IP</a>, <a href="#id2933298">WINS Lookup</a></dt><dt>wins hook, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>wins proxy, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt>wins server, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2878182">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a>, <a href="#id2878371">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt>wins support, <a href="#id2875904">What is Browsing?</a>, <a href="#id2878182">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a>, <a href="#id2878371">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt>workgroup, <a href="#id2870678">Security Mode and Master Browsers</a>, <a href="#id2873558">Joining an NT4 type Domain with Samba-3</a>, <a href="#id2879046">Browsing support in Samba</a></dt><dt>write list, <a href="#id2886837">User and Group Based Controls</a>, <a href="#id2899189">Parameters in the [print$] Section</a></dt><dt>write raw, <a href="#id2944816">Write raw</a></dt><dt>writeable, <a href="#id2896767">The [printers] Section</a>, <a href="#id2897210">Any [my_printer_name] Section</a></dt><dt>WYSIWYG, <a href="#id2906600">Windows Drivers, GDI and EMF</a></dt></dl></div><div class="indexdiv"><h3>X</h3><dl><dt>X Window System, <a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt><dt>xinetd, <a href="#id2942516">Starting from inetd.conf</a> (see inetd)</dt><dt>Xprint, <a href="#id2906741">UNIX Printfile Conversion and GUI Basics</a></dt></dl></div></div></div></div></body></html>
git.samba.org / samba.git / commitdiff